«Taza qytay» tapqan kelinshek

Jaqynda men Taldyqorghan qalasynda túratyn dosyma barghan edim, kórshisi Hau-in degen hanzudyng әieli Janar qazaqtyng qyzy eken. Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysy Saryaghash audanynda tughan. Hanzugha tiyip, otbasy qúrghanyna 10 jyl bolypty. Ózderining aituyna qaraghanda, 1998 jyly Almatynyng bazarynda qantardyng qaqaghan suyghynda tanysypty. 1998 jyly 21 nauryz kýni Saryaghash audanynda toyyn ótkizipti. Janar Hau-inning Shanhay qalasynda qytay әieli, qyzymen túratynyn keyin estipti. Janar da ajyrasqan. Búrynghy kýieuinen Núrjan esimdi úly bar eken. Qytay memleketi shetelge ketken óz aza-mattaryna qomaqty qarjymen kómektesedi eken. Sonday qarjynyng arqasynda eki qabatty dangharaday ýy túrghyzypty, túrmysyn jaqsartypty.  Eng qyzyghy, Hau-inning Janardan Jun-Go degen úly bar eken. Jun-Gony qytay tilinen tikeley qazaqsha audarsang "taza qytay" degen maghynany bildiredi.

Bizding shetelde jýrgen qandastarymyz "Taza qazaq" degen atty úldaryna qoya ala ma? Áriyne, joq. Basqa memleket búghan rúqsat etpeydi de,  myna hanzudyng saqtyghyn kórding be? "Úlym qazaqtargha sinip  ketpesin" dep әdeyi osy atty qoyghan. Jun-Go men Núrjan orys mektebinde oqidy. Núrjan jetinshi, Jun-Go ekinshi synypta jýr. Qytaysha,  oryssha, aghylshynsha suday sóilegenimen, olar qazaqshagha maqúrym. Mine, túrghan memleketimizding qyzyn alyp, jerin, últyn syilamau,  ayaqasty qylu degen osy emes pe?

«Taza qytay» tapqan kelinshek

Jaqynda men Taldyqorghan qalasynda túratyn dosyma barghan edim, kórshisi Hau-in degen hanzudyng әieli Janar qazaqtyng qyzy eken. Ontýstik Qazaqstan oblysy Saryaghash audanynda tughan. Hanzugha tiyip, otbasy qúrghanyna 10 jyl bolypty. Ózderining aituyna qaraghanda, 1998 jyly Almatynyng bazarynda qantardyng qaqaghan suyghynda tanysypty. 1998 jyly 21 nauryz kýni Saryaghash audanynda toyyn ótkizipti. Janar Hau-inning Shanhay qalasynda qytay әieli, qyzymen túratynyn keyin estipti. Janar da ajyrasqan. Búrynghy kýieuinen Núrjan esimdi úly bar eken. Qytay memleketi shetelge ketken óz aza-mattaryna qomaqty qarjymen kómektesedi eken. Sonday qarjynyng arqasynda eki qabatty dangharaday ýy túrghyzypty, túrmysyn jaqsartypty.  Eng qyzyghy, Hau-inning Janardan Jun-Go degen úly bar eken. Jun-Gony qytay tilinen tikeley qazaqsha audarsang "taza qytay" degen maghynany bildiredi.

Bizding shetelde jýrgen qandastarymyz "Taza qazaq" degen atty úldaryna qoya ala ma? Áriyne, joq. Basqa memleket búghan rúqsat etpeydi de,  myna hanzudyng saqtyghyn kórding be? "Úlym qazaqtargha sinip  ketpesin" dep әdeyi osy atty qoyghan. Jun-Go men Núrjan orys mektebinde oqidy. Núrjan jetinshi, Jun-Go ekinshi synypta jýr. Qytaysha,  oryssha, aghylshynsha suday sóilegenimen, olar qazaqshagha maqúrym. Mine, túrghan memleketimizding qyzyn alyp, jerin, últyn syilamau,  ayaqasty qylu degen osy emes pe?

Basqa memlekette sol jerding últtyq tilinde sóilemesen, nan tauyp jey almay ashtan ólesin. Al bizde mýldem basqasha. Osynday  erkinsip ketkenderge tosqauyl qoyatyn zang da joq. Kelimsekter nege qazaq tilin moyyndamaydy?  Hau-inning endigi bir armany - Qazaqstan azamattyghyn alu. Ony alugha ótinish berip qoyypty. Óitkeni, әieli Janardyng tughan jeri Saryaghash audany. Eng bastysy nekede. Basqa últqa "ýilenbesin" degen zang joq. Qazaqstanda demokratiya, erkindik, sóz bostandyghy bar dep maqtanamyz. Bayaghyda, kenester zamanynda "Jýz últ mekendegen Qazaqstan" dep keude qaqsaq, qazir egemendik alghan qazaq eli "Jýz otyz segiz últ boldyq" dep mәz bolamyz. Ontýstiktegi kórshimiz ózbekter bolsa, orys mektepterin jauyp, ózbek mektepterge auystyryp, balalar baqshasynan joghary oqu oryndaryna deyin tazalap jatyr. Al bizde «Taza qytay» atty sәbiyler payda bola bastady...

Búrynghy budundar

Shartarapqa at shaptyrghan týrki balasy qaghanatqa bólip, qonys tepken Ortalyq Aziya HI ghasyrdyn  ayaghynda keregesi sógilip, tu-talaqay bóliske týsti.  Sodan son-aq, Ortalyq Aziyany  soltýstikten kelgen Resey qyryp-joyyp, tútastay ózine qaratyp aldy. Ontýstikte Ýndistandy jaulaghan aghylshyndardyng Termezge jetkenshe toqtatatyn tegeurindi  kýsh bolmady.  Parsy júrtyna aghylshynnyng tisi batpady, degenin istete almady.

Jartylay otargha ainalghan Qytay da qúr jatpay, Peterburg kelisimi boyynsha, Shyghys Týrkistandy qarpyp qaldy. Oghan - Qúlja, Ýrimshi, Altay taulary jatady. 751 jyly әigili Atlah shayqasynda týrki-arab birikken kýshinen kýirey jenilgen qara qytaydyn, birneshe jýzdegen jyldar boyy Ortalyq Aziyagha qayta betteuge jýregi daualamap edi. Qytaygha 5650 shaqyrym qorghan saldyrghan sol babalardyng qajymas batyrlyghynyng aighaghy.

Tarihta talay teperish kórgen týrkining úrpaghy - qazaqtar shókelep jyghylsa da, tirsegi qiylmaghan. Ensesin tiktegen býgingi Qazaq jeri - Atyrau men Altaydyng arasy, bayaghy ýlken Týrik qaghanatynyng bir bóligi - at sauyrynan qan keshken babalardyng amanaty. Sondyqtan jan-jaqtan qaumalaghan AQSh, Resey men Qytaydan sheginerge jol joq. 1990 jyldary әleumettik auyrtpalyqtardy bastan ótkizgen Qytay, endi geostrategiyalyq damu jolyn tandap aldy.

Ajdahanyng amaly

Áueli shekarasyn kenitip, etek-jenin japty. Aghylshyndardan 1997 jyly Gonkongty qaytaryp aldy, 1998 jyly Alyndy qosyp aldy.  Dauly territoriyalar mәselesi boyynsha, Resey 1992 jyly Amur men Ussury aimaghyndaghy 600-ge juyq kishigirim araldy jәne 10 sharshy shaqyrym jerdi Qytaygha beru turaly kelisimshartqa qol qoydy. 1995 jyly Grimfilidegi shekarany anyqtauda Resey 1,5 gektar jerinen aiyrylyp qaldy. Tek bayaghy gomindanshylardyng aqsýiek úrpaghy qonys tepken Tayvani araly ghana boy bermey qoydy. Biraq bolashaqta ony bәribir Qytay  jútyp jiberedi.

Úiqysynan oyanghan aidahardyng arany ýlken. Kórshilerine endi búrynghyday ysyldap emes, ysqyryp jaqynday týspek. 2002 jyly Shanhayda basylyp shyqqan 8-synyp oqulyghy boyynsha, Qazaqstannyng 510 myng sharshy shaqyrym aumaghyn Qytaydyng jeri dep oqytudyng ar jaghynda ne túr?

Diny ekstremizm, lankestik  jәne últshyldyqtyng óristeu qaupin algha tartqan Qytay  1996 jyly "Shanhay bestigin" qúru jóninde úsynys jasady. 2001  jyly mausymda Shanhay Yntymaqtyghy úiymy qúryldy. Úiymnyng basty maqsaty ózara senim, dostyq, beybitshilik, tatu kópshilik qatynastardy qoldau, aimaqtardaghy qauipsizdikti saqtau bolyp tabylady. ShYÚ arqyly Qytay ózining birtútastyghyn, Tayvani onyng qúramy ekenin tolyq moyyndatty.

Qytaydyng AQSh pen Reseyden aiyrma¬shylyghy - enbek migrasiyasy, sauda-sattyq, jyljymaytyn mýlik, meyramhana ekspansiyasy arqyly kez kelgen elding naryghyn jaulap alady jәne tize býktiruge shamasy jetedi.  Qytay kapitaly kishkentay  Qyrghyzstanda 500-den asa jobany qarjylandyryp otyr. 2010 jyly Qytaydyng tútynymy 120 million tonna múnaydy qúrady.  Salystyrmaly týrde aitsaq, ótken jyly elimiz 81 mln tonna múnay óndirdi. Qazaqstandaghy "Aqtóbemúnaygaz", «Petro-Qazaqstan» múnay kompaniyalarynyng aksiya paketteri Qytay últtyq múnay kompaniyasynyng uysynda ekenin eskersek, geosayasy oiynda útylyp qalmaugha qamdanghan jón.  Óitkeni Qazaqstan neghúrlym mol múnay óndirgen sayyn, Qytaydyng qoregi de soghúrlym qyza bermek. Qazirding ózinde AQSh pen Europanyng naryghyn Qytaydyng arzan tauarlary jaulap aldy.

Huasyaonyng quaty

Álemning 500-den astam transúlttyq kompaniyasy Qytayda júmys isteydi. Sondyqtan, jahandanudyng AQSh, Europa sekildi kóshbasshylary qytaylanudan qaraday qorqady. Jahandanu ýrdisi әdeyi, qytaylanugha qarsy baghyttalyp otyrghan synayly.  Álemning 174 elinde 60-100 million aralyghynda Qytaydyng huasyaosy órip jýr. «Huasyao» degenimiz - Júngho mýddesine adal qyzmet etetin, joghary bilimdi otanshyl qytay kәsipkeri. Álgi huasyaolar júmys istegen jerinde ýilenip, sol elding azamattyghyn alugha tyrysady. Odan son, birtindep, iri qalalar manynda Qytay kvartaldary payda bolady. AQSh-ta, Europanyng kez kelgen memleketinde qytay kvartaldary bar. Sanaq boyynsha, AQSh-ta 25 mln, Europada 30 mln-gha juyq hanzu bar eken.  Niu-Yorkting ortasynan Chaynataun túrghyzghan Qytaygha AQSh qarsylyq bildirip «tәit» dey almady.  Auzyn aigha bilegen Qytay jalpy ishki ónim kólemi jaghynan byltyr Úlybritaniyany, 2020 jyly Japoniyany quyp jetip, AQSh-pen ýzengi qaghystyrmaq.

Kompartiyada 70 millionnan astam mýshesi bar ortalyqtanghan Qytaydyng ekonomikany basqarudyng josparly-ortalyqtyq jәne naryqtyq jýiesi qatar damyp keledi. Oida-joqta soghatyn tayfunnyng tasqynyn Mongholiyanyng 2-aq million halqyn, Qiyr Shyghystyng aimaghy bógey alar ma  eken?  Ejelden qúrt-qúmyrsqa, baqa-shayandy, qús-jylandy kerek etken hanzuymyz Sibirding qaqaghan 60 S-suyghyn, Saharanyng aptap 60 S + ystyghyna da tez beyimdelgish, ózgening assimilyasiyasyna týspeytin jany siri halyq. Qayda barsa da, ósip-ónip, sany kóbeyip shygha keledi.

Reseyding taygasynda orystyng kempirlerimen otasyp ýlgergen qytaydyng qarasy 800 myngha jetipti-mys. Resmy derekter 30 myn, beyresmy mәlimetter 300 mynnan astam Qytay azamatynyng Qazaqstanda da tastay batyp, suday singenin algha tartady. Juyrda internet sayttarynda aldaghy 20 jylda Qazaqstanda 20 million hanzu mekendeytin bolady degen qorqynyshty mәlimet jariyalandy.

Erte bastan qamdanyp, demografiyalyq ahualdy týzep, memlekettik iydeologiyany nyghaytpasaq, babalar aityp ketken "Qara qytay taptasa, aqyrzaman bolady", "Qara qytay qaptasa, sary orys tughanynynday bolyp ketedi" degeni anyq boluy yqtimal.  B.d.d. III-II ghasyrda 100 million hanzu júrtyna qorghan salghyzghan 1 million ghún babalarymyzdyng danqty ruhymen 1milliard  365 million alapat su tasqynday  qara qytaygha qarsy túruymyz  mýmkin  emes. Qytay óz ekonomikasyn barynsha damytugha bet aldy, eger halyqtyng súranysyn qanaghattandyra almaytyn bolsa, elde býlikshilik bastalyp, ózderi biylikten aiyrylyp qaluy mýmkin ekenin Qytaydaghy әkim-qaralar óte jaqsy týsinedi.

Uystaghy resurs

Biraq Qytaydy qinaytyny ekonomikany damytu ýshin qajet tabighy shiykizat kózderining jetkiliksizdigi. Qazirding ózinde Qytay qalalarynyng ýshten ekisi su tapshylyghyn kórip otyr. Ýlken qalalardyng manayy taqyr dalalargha ainaluda. Eger búghan Qytaydy auyzsumen birshama qamtamasyz etip otyrghan Gimalay múzdaqtarynyng songhy kezderi kýrt ery bastaghanyn qossaq, jaqyn arada Qytay taza sudan kóp qiyndyq kóretin bolady.

Múnyng sony elde ekologiya¬lyq apatqa әkelip úryndyratyny anyq. Sondyqtan da Qytaydyng janary dәl qazir әlemning qay-qay búryshyna da jiti tiguli. Qanday bolsyn, tabighy resurstardyng sheti shyqsa, tarpa bas salugha dayyn otyr. Sonday-aq, jaqynda Qytaydyng tek túshy sugha emes, múnaygha da súranysy kýrt óse týspek. Óitkeni eldegi shaghyn elektr stansalaryn qamtamasyz etip otyrghan tómen sapaly jergilikti kómir kenderining ózi de tausylugha tayau. Múnday sәtte Qytay sekildi súranysy shash etekten alyp imperiyanyng tәbetin qanaghattandyru óte qiyngha týspek. Ras, dәl býginde әlem elderi múnaydan tapshylyq kóre qoymaydy. Alayda onyng baghasy búrynghyday tiyngha baghalana qoymaytyny da shyndyq.

Osyny eskere otyryp, múnaydyng qalghanyn molynan qarpyp qalu, mýmkindigi bolsa, qor jinau - qay-qay memleketting ýirenshikti daghdysyna ainalmaq.

Úlyndy ýige jiy

Kóshi-qon mәselesimen ainalysatyn memlekettik organnyng aqparatyna sýiensek, songhy bes jylda aryz bergen 30 mynnan astam otbasy, barlyghy 150 myngha juyq qandasymyz shetelderden kelip, kvota ala almay qinalyp jýr. Shet júrtta qalghan qandastarymyzdy týgendey almay jatyp, milliondap gastarbayterlerdi shaqyrghanymyzgha jol bolsyn? "Býitken bizding búl iske qabyrghasyn bir-birlep sókseng de qabaq shytpas erlerimiz" qayda? Onsyzda ormanday kóp orysty elge shaqyryp, últtyq jobasymen yqylasqa bólengen Reseyden nege ýlgi almasqa?

Tez arada Qytayda qalghan 2 milliongha juyq qandastarymyzdyng songhy kóshin Qazaqstangha kóshiru kerek. Áytpese, aidahardyng arany endi bes jylda songhy túyaq qaldyrmayyn dep túr. Qytay óz ishinde de, syrtta da gegemondyq sayasat ústanugha bayaghydan-aq bet búrghan. Qytaydaghy qazaq mektepteri 2005 jyldan bastap, týgeldey qytay mektepterine ainalyp, qazaq tili bir pәn retinda ghana jýretin bolghan. Endi 15-20 jylda jas qalghan qazaq qytaylanyp bitui mýmkin. Búryn Qytaydaghy qazaqtardyng taghdyryna memlekettik dengeyde bolysyp túrudyng mýmkindigi bar edi.  Alayda, sorymyzgha, bizding elimizding basshylary kezinde Qytay tarapynan qiytúrqylyqpen úsynylghan qújatqa qol qoyyp jibergen. Sol qújat boyynsha, qytay memleketi óz qaramaghyndaghy qazaq últynyng ókilderin "pisirip jeymin"  dese de, olardyng ishki sayasatyna Qazaqstan aralasa almaydy. Al Qytaydyng ystyq qoyyny kýiip túr.

P.S. Birde kóshede sadaqa  súrap jýretin doly syghan әielding tólqújatyna últy degen jerinde "kazashka" degen jazudy kórip, jaghamdy ústadym. Tipti ony aitasyz, oralmandar sekildi kvotagha iligip, aqsha alghandaryn kórgende esimnen tanyp qala jazdadym.  O zamanda bú zaman doly syghan әiel men qazaq әielining arasynda jer men kóktey aiyrmashylyq bar emes pe? Sony kórmegeni me?

Júmamúrat ShÁMShI, tarihshy-zertteushi

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