Qúrmetti oqyrman!

Búl maqalany Aytqaly Erman atty ólketanushy portalymyzdyng elektrondy pochtasyna jibergen eken. Jalpy, qazaqta handar, biyler, batyrlar taqyrybyna kelgende aqiqat pen shynayy kózqarasty ysyryp tastap, tek rushyldyqpen synarezulep ketetinimiz bar. Búl rette dúrysy: bardy - bar, joqty - joq dep aitu. Áriyne, shyndyq pikir aluandyghy bolghan jerde ghana tóbe kórsetedi. Avtorgha qarsy aitylar uәj bolsa, ony da portal betinde jariyalaytyn bolamyz!

Abai.kz aqparattyq portaly

Kishi jýzding hany Ábilqayyr túlghasynyng qazaq tarihynan alar orny turaly pikirler ortaq bir arnagha әli toghyspay keledi. Ol qanday pikirler. Birinshi – Resey imperiyasynyng qúramyna óz erkimen kirui arqyly qazaqtardy joyyludan saqtap qalghan kemenger sayasatker, kóregen strateg. Ekinshi – Reseyding bodandyq qamytyn óz erkimen moynyna kiygen últ satqyny, jeke mýddesin memleket mýddesinen joghary qoyghan jikshil (separatist). Últymyzdyng egemendikten aiyrylu mәselesin qauzap jýrgen zertteushi retinde osy mәselege ýn qosudy azamattyq paryzymyzgha baladyq.

Osyghan baylanysty, eng әueli bayanymyzgha tikeley qatysty eskertpelerge keleyik. Alghashqysy, bodandyq (poddanstvo) – quatty elding atynan birtútas basqarudy jýzege asyratyn biyleushige (monarhqa) moyynsúnu, oghan basybayly tiyesili bolu degendi bildiretin úghym. Klassikalyq anyqtamalardyng tújyrymy búl.

Kelesi eskertpe Ábilqayyrdyng Reseyding bodandyghyn qabyldau faktisin joqqa shygharushylar turaly. Songhy jyldary kórinip jýrgen búl kózqarastaghylar hannyng orys biyligine ant bergenin joqqa shygharyp, ony dәleldeytin arhivtik qújattardyng rastyghyna senbeydi. Olar tek qana hannyng qolbasshylyq darynyn dәriptep, jenisterin jalaulatudy qalaydy. Biz olardyng negizsiz ústanymdaryna әri qaray toqtalyp jatpaymyz.

Songhysy, maqalany dayyndau barysynda paydalanylghan materialdar qoghamgha jaqsy tanys әri izdegenge qoljetimdi bolghandyqtan mәtinde olargha silteme jasaudy artyq sanadyq.

Endi negizgi taqyryp boyynsha oi-payymdarymyzdy ortagha salayyq. Imperiyalyq pighyl-sanadan ada memleketterding deni irgeles eldermen tatu-tәtti túrugha mýddelilik tanytatyny әlemning arghy-bergi tarihynyng shyndyghy. Osylay bolghan, jalghasa da bermek. Qazaq handyghynyng da kýsh alyp kele jatqan kórshi Reseymen yntymaqtastyq ornatugha nemese óz damuynyng búralandy belesterinde odaqtasugha úmtylyp otyrghanyn әlemdik tәjiriybege tolyq say keletin qarym-qatynas dep qabyldauymyz qajet.

1729-1730 jyldary Kishi jәne Orta jýz jerlerine Resey bodandyghyna týsken Edil qalmaqtary men bashqúrttardyng shabuyldary jiyilep ketti. Osynau syndarly sәt qanday oqighalardyng sebep-saldarynan tuyndady degen súraqqa: Reseyding imperiyalyq sayasatynyng sebebinen jәne Kishi jýzding hany Ábilqayyrdyng agha han lauazymyna josyqsyz qol sozuy saldarynan degen jauap alamyz.

Endi atalghan eki jaytqa qysqasha toqtalayyq. Imperiyasyna jana tabighy baylyqtar kenishi men mol materialdyq resurstar kózin izdegen Birinshi Petr XVIII ghasyrdyng basynda nazaryn Shyghysqa audara bastady. Ol jaqqa barar qolayly marshruttargha barlau jýrgizu maqsatynda: 1717 jyldyng kókteminde Kaspiy tenizinen Hiuagha deyin, 1715 jyly shilde aiynda Ontýstik Sibirden Búharagha deyin ekspedisiyalar jasaqtaghanyn, 1716 jyly Omby, 1718 jyly Semey, 1720 jyly Pavlodar men Óskemen әskery bekinisterin saldyrghanyn býginde bilmeytin adam siyrek.

Imperiya startegiyasynyng sol kezende aiqyndalghan kókjiyekterine toqtalatyn bolsaq. Qazaqstan territoriyasy Hiua, Búhar, Aughanstan, Qytay, Ýndistan syndy elderge aparatyn birden bir altyn kópir sanaldy. Sondyqtan, Aziya qúrlyghyna qaray terendegen imperiya armiyasynyng tu syrtynan qazaqtar soqqy jasamauy ýshin orys biyligi otarshylardy kóptep qonystandyryp, qazaq jerining ýsti men astynyng baylyqtaryn óz maqsattaryna esepsiz paydalanudy, sonymen qatar orys órkeniyeti qazanynda qaynatu arqyly bayyrghy halyqtyng ruhaniyatyn ózgertudi kózdedi. Ábilqayyrdyng qansha kóregen bolsa da, imperiyanyng úzaqmerzimdi strategiyasynan da, onyng jay-japsarynan da beyhabar bolghany anyq.

Qazaqtyng agha hany Syrdaqúly Qayyp han (Esim hannyng nemeresi) 1718 jyly qaytys bolghan song ornyna Áz Tәuke hannyng (ol Jәngir Esimhanúlynyng balasy edi) úly Bolat saylanady. Sol tústa qazaq әskerining bas sardary retinde jongharlargha qarsy shayqastardy tabysty basqarghan Ábilqayyr Abdollaúlynyng (1710 jyldan Kishi jýz hany) halyq arasyndaghy bedeli nyghaya týsedi. Balqash kólining manayynda 1729 jyly jongharlarmen bolghan bir úrysta Bolat han qaza tauyp, ornyna balasy Ábilmәmbet qoldanystaghy erejege say han saylanady. Agha han taghyna ýmitker Ábilqayyrdyng kandidaturasy biyler kenesi tarapynan qoldau tappaydy. Sebebi ol, Áz-Jәnibekten taraytyn qazaq súltandarynyng kishi buyny – Óseke súltannyng úrpaghy edi.

Qazaq halqyna zandy jolmen agha han bola almaytynyn anyq týsingen Ábilqayyr birtútas qazaq әskerinen Kishi jýz qolyn bólip әketip, endigi jerde múratyna Reseyge bodan bolu jolymen jetudi oilastyrady. Birligi búzylghan elge irgeles ornalasqan Resey bodandary qauip tóndire bastady. Atalghan mәselege arnalyp 1730 jyly mamyr aiynda ótkizilgen Kishi jәne Orta jýz qazaqtarynyng qúryltayynda Ábilqayyrgha Resey ókimetimen kelisimge kelu tapsyryldy. Alayda han óz ókilettiligi shenberinen asyp, Resey patshayymyna bodan bolu turaly jasyryn týrde ótinish týsirdi. Ótinishi, kóp keshikpey, qabyldandy da. Kópshilikke tosyn bolghan osy qadamy arqyly ol patsha ókimetining senimine kirudi oilady. Sóitip qana jymysqy josparlaryn (agha han bolu; handyq biylikti úrpaghyna miras etu) jýzege asyra alatynyna sendi. Bir aidan anyq aqiqat – Kishi jәne Orta jýz starshyndarynyng basym bóligi onyng Reseymen tyghyz jaqyndasu sayasatyn qoldaghan joq. Ashyq qarsy shyqty.

Ábilqayyr jaqtastary men Resey ókimetining bodandyq turaly týsinigi eki bólek bolghanyn uaqyt kórsetti. Hanmen birge ant qabyldaghan súltandar men starshyndar bodandyqty resmy qújattalghan: óz jerleri túsyndaghy orys shekarasyn qorghau; óz jerleri ýstinen ótetin orys kópesterining keruenderin qorghau; patsha ókimetining talaby boyynsha әskerge adam beru; ang terisinen alym tóleu syndy sharttardy oryndaumen ghana shekteledi dep týsindi, al basqa barlyq jaghdaylarda is-qimyldarynyng shektelmey, derbes bolyp qalatynyna shek keltirmedi. Áriyne, búlary bos qiyal edi.

Kerisinshe, Resey biyligi ant qabyldaghandardy imperiyanyng qúramyndaghy halyqtarmen jaqyndasugha týbegeyli betbúrghan jana bodandar dep eseptedi. Jәne olar mekendegen aimaqty Resey imperiyasynyng ajyramas bóligi sanap, jana әkimshilik basqaru jýiesin endirudi qolgha aldy. Bodandyqqa qol qoi kezeninen bastalghan otarlau sayasaty XIX ghasyrdyng bas kezine deyin mysyqtabandap jýrgizilip, ong nәtiyjesin bergen song Kishi jýzde jәne Orta jýzde handyq biylik joyylyp, XIX ghasyrdyng ortasyna deyin tikeley aimaqtyq әkimshilik basqaru elementteri batyl engizildi. Qazaq dalasyn reseyding sayasiy-qúqtyq jýiesine beyimdeu 1867 jyly tolyqtay ayaqtaldy. Qazaq jerlerin otarlau ýderisinde Resey әkimshiligining bashqúrttar men qalmaqtardy otarlaudan jinaqtaghan tәjiriybesin keninen paydalanghany tarihy shyndyq.

Maqala taqyrybyn ashu maqsatynda Qazaqtyng bodandyq tarihy turaly sovettik  mifterding keybirine baylanysty oilarymyzdy ortagha salayyq. Ómirshendigin joymay kele jatqan tezisting biri - «XVIII ghasyrdyng 20 jyldarynyng ayaq kezeninde kishi jýz qazaqtaryna jongharlar, Edil qalmaqtary, oraldyq kazaktar, bashqúrttar, týrikmender, búharlyqtar, hiualyqtar, qaraqalpaqtar qauip tóndirdi» - degen mazmúnda aitylady.

Sol kezendegi orys derekterinde Ábilqayyrdyng jongharlarmen jәne Edil qalmaqtarymen tatulyqta túrghany, al bashqúrttarmen qyrghiy-qabaq bolghany aitylady. Óitkeni: jongharlar Ábilqayyr bastaghan qazaqtyng birtútas armiyasynyng súrapyl soqqylarynan әli esin jiya qoymaghan bolatyn. Jonghariya Sin imperiyasymen beybit kelisimge kelip, tylyn bekitip alghan song 1739-1742 jyldar aralyghynda Orta jýz jerine ýsh dýrkin joryq jasady.

Týrikmender, búharlyqtar, hiualyqtar, qaraqalpaqtargha keletin bolsaq, búlar qazaqpen ejelden etene aralasqan týbi bir, dini ortaq týrki halyqtary. Jogharyda atalghan halyqtardyng qay-qaysysynan da birtútas qazaqtyng sany kóp boldy. Ábilqayyrdyng agha han taghyna talasuy ýsh jýzding birligin búzsa, onyng bodandyqqa qadamy Kishi jýzdi ekige aiyrdy. Sonyng saldarynan han men onyng jaqtastarynyng (shamamen qazaq halqynyng 15-20 payyzdayy) Kishi jýzde azshylyqqa ainalghany tarihy naqtylyq. Múnyng barlyghyn jaqsy bilip, belsendi qimylgha kóshken syrtqy jaulardyn, onyng qol astyndaghy el basyna «bólingendi bóri jeydi, jarylghandy jau jeydi» degen zaman tudyra bastauy zandy qúbylys.

Ábilqayyrdyng bodandyqqa bastaghan qadamyn keybir tarihshylardyn «Bodandyqqa qol qon-sol tús ýshin qazaq tarihyndaghy eng úly sheshim edi. Onsyz qazaq halqynyng bolu-bolmauy belgisiz edi» dep baghalauy, qogham sanasynda kómeskilene bastaghan búrynghy sovettik-kenestik mifti qayta janghyrtugha baghyttalghan әreketter qataryna jatady. El ishine iritki salghan han halining mýshkildigin býkil qazaq halqyna telu, ony surettegende jalqyny jalpylau әdisin qoldanu -  týbegeyli qate.

Taghy aitarymyz: «Qazaq halqynyng bolu-bolmauy belgisiz bolsa», yaghny Qazaq qúldyraghan halyq bolsa, onda Or qalasynan 1000 kilometrdey jerden (bir-eki ailyq jol) Aral bekinisin (1847 j.) salu ýshin orystar nelikten arada 112 jyl jiberdi? Jeldey esip birer jylda jetpedi me? Shymkent qalasyn nege 1865 jyly ghana aldy? Kedergi keltirgender kimder sonda? Jauap bireu – 130 jyldan astam uaqyt Resey ekspansiyasyna tosqauyl bolyp jolynda túrghan, atamekeni ýshin jan berip, jan alysqan bizding babalarymyz. Biyliktegiler bojyraghanmen, ruhy tozghyndamaghan halyq syndarly sәtterde óz arasynan kóshbasshy túlghalaryn kóptep shygharyp otyrdy. Olardyng әrqaysysy óz jerine qorghan boluy, azattyqqa degen úmtylysy arqyly elding namysyn bermedi, últtyq ruhymyzdyng ómirshendigin pash etti.

Tarihtyng tegershigin keri ainaldyrugha jatpaytyn naqtylyq ekeni barshagha ayan. Desede bodandyq qamytyn kiymegende elimiz órkeniyet órisinen tys qalar edi degen tújyrymgha kelise almaymyz. Óitkeni, Euraziya kindigi jәne toghyz joldyng torabynda ornalasqan Qazaq jeri - aumaghynda toghysqan birneshe әlemdik órkeniyetterding múrageri, Úly Dala Eli. Kertartpa oy iyeleri bodandyqty últymyzdy әlemdik órkeniyetke bastaghan jalghyz әri birden-bir jol boldy dep sendirude. Is jýzinde solay kóringenmen orys ruhaniyatynyng ózi әlemdik bilim men ghylym salasynda shoqtyghy biyik Europadan nәrlengen bolatyn. Osy sebepten de býginde әlemdik ozyq bilim men ghylymgha eshbir jasandy kedergisiz, tikeley qol jetkizu maqsatynda qazaq tilin latyn әlipbiyine kóshiru, balalardy mektep qabyrghasynda aghylshynshagha ýiretu syndy sharalarymyzdyng tarihy qisyny teren. Elbasymyz N.Á. Nazarbaev jariyalaghan «Ruhany janghyru» baghdarlamasyn jýzege asyru týptep kelgende halqymyzdyng kezinde sanasyna kýshtep sinirilgen shaghyn últqa tәn kýireuik psihologiyadan arylyp, әlemdik órkeniyetting bel balasynday - jasampaz últ dengeyine kóteriluine qyzmet etedi.

«... batys jәne soltýstik territoriyalar problemalarynyng jariya týrde qazaqtyng paydasyna sheshilui Ábilqayyr men onyng jaqyn dostary bolghan belgili batyrlardyng eng basty sayasy tabystary...» degen tezis te syn kótermeydi.

Ábilqayyrgha tәuelsiz sheshim qabyldaugha qabiletti biyleushi retinde ishki jәne syrtqy qarsylastaryna ózin tanytu óte qajet boldy. 1738 jyly bashqúrttardyng otarshylargha qarsy bas kóterui beleng alghan tústa ol Orynbor ekspedisiyasynyng basshysy V.N. Tatiyshevting rúqsatymen kóterilisti qatang basyp-janshydy. Han 1743-1746 jyldar aralyghynda kórshi kóshpeliler men qalmaqtargha jәne orys selolaryna oqtyn-oqtyn shabuyl úiymdastyrdy. Aqiqatyna jýginsek, ol osylaysha búlqynghan sayyn óz erkimen tandaghan bodandyqtyng shylbyry (orys biyligining qarsy әreketteri) moynyn qysa týsti. Otarshyl tarap hannyng tynysyn birtindep tarylta otyra, óz biyligine tolyqtay baghyndyrdy.

Ábilqayyr, keybireuler aitqanday, kemenger sayasatker bolsa, kýshtining qashanda óz mýddesine sәikes kelgen jaghdayda ghana әlsizben sanasatyn taktikasyn jaqsy bilui tiyis edi ghoy. Sózimiz jalang bolmas ýshin oiymyzdy әri qaray jalghastyrayyq.

Birinshi, bodandyq sharttaryn oryndaugha mindetteme alghan Ábilqayyr patsha ýkimetinen Or ózenining Jayyq ózenine qúyar túsynan qarsylastarynan qorghanugha arnalghan bekinis salyp berudi ótindi. Osyny kýtip otyrghan olar 1735 jyly 15 tamyzda Orynbor bekinisining (1739 jyldan Or bekinisi) negizin qalady. 1742 jyly Saqmar jәne Jayyq ózenderining qiylysynda jana bekinis túrghyzylyp, Orynbor ataldy. Jana bekinis Qazaq dalasyn otarlaudyng strategiyalyq ortalyghyna ainaldy. Qazaq biyleushilerimen is-әreketke jauapty biylik organy әuel basta Orynbor ekspedisiyasy, keyin Orynbor shekaralyq komissiyasy dep ataldy. Endi Reseyding ortalyq biylik organdaryna tikeley shyghu qúqynan airylghan Qazaq handary men súltandary barlyq súraqtaryn atalghan shekaralyq әkimshilikpen sheshui tiyis boldy. Búryn Resey biyligi ókilderining han stavkasyna kelip ótkizetin ant qabyldau rәsimin de Orynborda ótkizu mindetteldi.

Eng manyzdysy, Ábilqayyrdyng Orynborgha ordamdy tiksem degen jospary oryndalmady. Memleket basshysy dengeyindegi Qazaq handary Reseyding kóp generalynyng nemese gubernatorynyng birine kiriptar bolyp qaldy. Bodandyq zardaptaryn suretteuge osynyng ózi jetkilikti.

Patsha ýkimeti múnymen shektelmey, 1734 jyly qazaqtardyng Jayyqtyng ong jaghyna kóship-qonuyna qatang tiym salyp, ózenning joghary jәne orta aghystaryna bekinister salugha qyzu kiristi. 1742 jyly qazaqtardyng Jayyq ózenine, onyng boyyndaghy bekinisterge jaqyn keluine qatang tiym saldy. Búryn Edilden airylghan qazaqtar osynyng saldarynan Orynbor ónirindegi jerlerine qonystanugha zar bolyp qaldy. Irgeles Sarytau, Samar, Selebe, Qorghan, Omby, t.b. jerler de zamanynda  alashqa ataqonys bolatyn.

Ekinshi, Resey imperiyasynyng әkimshilik resurstaryn paydalanyp ýsh jýzding qazaqtary men kórshi kóshpelilerdi ózine baghyndyrugha ýmittengen Ábilqayyr han Reseyge bodandyq iydeyasyn әriptesteri arasynda uaghyzdau, nasihattau isin belsendi әri tabandy jýrgizdi. Al, Resey sheneunikteri dittegen maqsatqa jetu ýshin ýgitteu, syi-siyapat jasau, orys qalalaryna kiruge jәne sauda jasaugha qolayly jaghday tudyrugha kepildik beru, qorqytu-ýrkitu, dúshpandaryn aidap salu syndy amaldardy keninen qoldandy. Osynau birlesken júmystar nәtiyjesiz bolghan joq. Múny bayqau ýshin Ábilqayyr úiymdastyrugha at salysqan Resey biyligine ant beru rәsimderine qysqasha toqtalsaq ta jetkilikti.

1731 jylghy 10 qazanda Ábilqayyr bastaghan 13 rudyng batyr-biyleri (barlyghy 29 adam) Yrghyz ben Torghay ózenderining arasyndaghy Maytóbe shatqalynda ant qabyldady. Al, Kishi jýzde 30 shaqty ru-taypa bary belgili. Ábilqayyr Orta jýz hany Sәmekeni de ant beruge kóndirdi. Osy jerde de, keyin de ant beru rәsimderi býkilhalyqtyq sipat almaghanyna nazar audarghanymyz abzal.

Resey biyligi Ábilqayyr han bastaghan Kishi jýz, Orta jýz starshyndarynan adaldyq turaly týrli sebeptermen qaytalap ant alyp otyrghan. 1738 jylghy 3 tamyzda Reseyge baghynugha ant bergen 56 adamnyng 28-i kishi jýzding 10 ruynan bolghan: on eki ata Bayúlynyng 4 ruynan 10 adam, Jetirudyng 4 ruynan 16 adam, Shómekeyding tórt ruynan 1 adam, Ketening 3 ruynan 1 adam. Álimning alty ruynan mýldem bolmaghan.

El basyndaghy syndarly sәtti jaqsy paydalanghan Ábilqayyrdyng ýgitimen 1740 jyly tamyz aiynda Ábilqayyrdyng úldary Núraly, Eraly súltandar bastaghan 180-ge juyq Kishi jýz ókilderi, Ábilmәmbet han men Abylay súltan bastaghan Orta jýz ókilderi Orynborda general-leytenant V. Urusovqa ant beredi.

1742 jyly tamyz aiynda Elizaveta Petrovnanyng Resey taghyna otyruyna baylanysty Orynbor komissiyasynyng basshysy I.IY. Nepluev úiymdastyrghan qaytalap ant beru rәsimine Úly jýzding 1 ruynan - 4 adam, Orta jýzding 17 ruynan - 141 adam, Kishi jýzding 3 ruynan - 34 adam qatysqan. Ábilqayyrdyng ýgitimen qaraqalpaqtar 1742 jyly ant qabyldady.

Qazaq dalasyna myqtap ornyghyp alghan otarshyl biylik handar men súltandardy uaqyt ótken sayyn aitqanyn eki etpeytin sheneunikterge ainaldyrdy. Ru-taypa basshylarynyng keybireuleri qol astyndaghy júrttyng tirligin saqtau baghytynda otarshylar dәrgeyine moyynsúnugha mәjbýr bolsa, endi bireuleri jan-jaqtan antalaghan týrli basqynshylarmen óz betinshe arpalysty. Osy orayda, bodandyqqa belsendi qarsylyq bildirui sebepti enbekteri elenbey, әli kólenkede qalyp jýrgen: Batyr súltan Qayypúly,  Baraq súltan Túrsynhanúly, Kenje abyz, Qarabay atalyq, Kóshim qoja, Bәibek bi, Baymúrat bi, Syrlybay bi, Jolay jasauyl, Shybyntay bi, Bәby bi, Jәdik bi, Tilemis bi, Alman bi, Batjan bi, Túma bi, Esmәmbet bi, Óteghúl bi, Bayjan bi, Malybay bi, Boranbay bi, Qalubay bi, Janbyrshy bi, Qarabas bi, Túttybay bi, Qaratoqa bi, Kóshebay bi, Dәulet bi, Sartay batyr, Ótep batyr, Aqsha batyr, Tәttimbet batyr, Dәdik batyr, Syrymbet batyr, Myrzakeldi batyr, Jaltyr batyr syndy iygi jaqsylarymyzdy atay ketkim keledi. Búlardyng arasynda úlyqtalghany neken-sayaq. Últ mýddesine bar ghúmyryn sarp etken batyr babalarymyzdyng jarqyn isterin nasihattau, esimderin tarih shanynan arshyp qatargha qosu qasterli paryzymyz.

Ýshinshi, Ábilqayyrdyng patsha ýkimetine qoyghan handyq biyligin úrpaghyna miras etu talaby ghana zandy mәresine jetti. Ol óltirilgen song ornyna Kishi jýzding birqatar ru-taypa basshylary ýlken úly Núralyny han saylady. Saylau nәtiyjesi orys patshayymy Elizaveta Petrovnanyng jarlyghymen 1749 jyly bekitildi. Búl sheshim Qazaqstannyng jәne onyng biyleushilerining sayasiy-qúqyqtyq mәrtebesin týbegeyli ózgertti, anyghyna kelsek, han taghyna otyrghyzu tetigi Resey әkimshiligining  qúziretine ótti. Últ taghdyryna búdan artyq qastandyqty oilap tabu qiyn.

Otarlyq jýiening jymysqy әreketine ashyq qarsy shyqqan Araldyng ontýstik-shyghys jaghalauy men Syr boyyndaghy qazaq ru-taypalarynyng basshylary 1748 jylghy 15 qazanda Qayypúly Batyr súltandy ózderine han kóteredi. Ol XVIII ghasyrdyng 20 jyldary ótken últ tarihyndaghy taghdyrsheshti qazaq-jonghar soghystarynda (Búlanty, Bileuti, Anyraqay syndy shayqastarda) erekshe qolbasshylyq qabileti jәne jeke basynyng batyrlyghynyng arqasynda halyq qúrmetine bólengen túlgha. Jatjúrttyqtardan tәuelsiz bolu sayasatyn qasterli ústanymyna ainaldyrghan Batyr han ainalasyndaghy eldermen beybit qarym-qatynas ornatugha úmtyldy.

Áli kýnge bodandyqtyng iygiligin aityp tauysa almaytyn aghayyndar kezdesedi aramyzda. Otarlaushylar «jaqsylyq» jasaghanda (oqytqanda, tilin ýiretkende, ruhaniy-mәdeny qúndylyqtaryn sinirgende, әleumettik qorghaghanda) ózderining sayasatyn qapysyz jýrgizetin qyzmetkerler, qogham sanasyna yqpal etushi ziyalylar, paydalanghangha kónbis adamdar tәrbiyeleudi maqsat tútqanyn esten shygharmaghanymyz jón. Qalay qylghanda da azat últ  etu mýddesin kózdemegeni anyq. Strategiyalyq esepteri aqtaldy ma, joq pa ol endi bólek әngime.

Óz tarapymyzdan bodandyqtyng zardabyn qazaq últynday tartqan últ joq desek, shyndyqtan alystay qoymaspyz. Qazaqtyng últtyq mýddesine kereghar jýrgizilgen: mújyqtardy ornalastyru; újymdastyru; nәubet-zobalan; jer audarylghan últtar men úlystardy qonystandyru; bas bostandyghynan airylghandar jazasyn óteytin lagerler ashu; tyng iygeru siyaqty sayasy nauqandar men ýderisterden, sonymen qatar asharshylyqtar zúlmaty men tauqymeti, ýrkinshilik pen bosqynshylyq saldarynan, últ-azattyq kóterilister, azamattyq jәne dýniyejýzilik soghystar nәtiyjesinde birneshe million qandastarymyzdan airylyp, óz jerimizde azshylyqqa ainaldyq. 1931-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyq saldarynan 2 million 300 myng adam, yaghny halqymyzdyng 40-payyzdan astamynyng kóz júmuy, 1959 jylghy sanaq qorytyndysy boyynsha qazaqtyng ýlesi óz jerinde 30-payyzgha da jetpeui, ana tilimizding qúldyraudyng songhy shegine taqaluy - jogharyda aitylghandardyng naqty mysaldary. Bodandyq kezeni jәne internasionalizm dәuirining halqymyzgha kórsetken "júmaghynyn" nәtiyjesi - osy. Búl túrghyda biz aq patshagha adaldyqqa alghashqy ant bergenderding rólin úmytpauymyz kerek. Olardyng óreskel qadamdaryn qaytalamas ýshin. Elim, jerim dep jýregi soqqan ardaqty perzentterimizding jarqyn isterinen taghylym alu ýshin. Qazaq Eli mәngilik bolu ýshin!

Jogharyda zerdelengen materialdar, aitylghan oi-pikirler negizinde qorytyp aitarymyz:

1. Ótken ghasyrdyng 40-jyldarynyng ortasynan bastap tarih ghylymynda Reseyding qazaq jerlerine jýrgizgen otarlau sayasatynyng teris jaqtaryn olardyng progressivti saldarymen aqtaugha basymdyq berile bastasa, 50-jyldardyng basynda payda bolghan Qazaqstannyng Reseyge qosyluynyng erkin sipatta jýzege asqany turaly mif birneshe úrpaqtyng sanasyna sinirildi. 1980 jyldardyng ayaq kezinen búl tarihy oqighagha qatysty zertteuler jana serpin alyp, syrttan tanylghan iydeologiyalyq shtamptardan arylghan últtyng obektivti  tarihyn jazu isine qyzmet etude.
2. Bodandyq qamyty – ony kiygen qay halyqtyng bolmasyn qasireti. Búl aksiomany joqqa shygharugha kenestik tarihshylar ayanbay ter tókti. Enbekteri esh ketken joq, oghan býgingi tarihnamadaghy tarihy fatalizm iydeyasyn uaghyzdaushylardyng enbekteri dәlel. Alayda, óz otanynyng jatjúrttyqtardyng biyliginde boluyn maqúldau sezimi últtyq namysy joyylghan halyqtargha ghana tәn. Tarlan tarihtyng basy ashyq mәselelerining biri osy. Zerdeli qauym múny jaqsy biledi.
3. Patsha ýkimetin óz maqsattaryna paydalanghysy kelgen Ábilqayyrdyng sayasatynyng qozghaushy kýshterin, is-әreketterining qyr-syryn aila-sharghysynyng astarlaryn Resey sheneunikteri jaqsy bilip otyrdy. Otarshyl әkimshilik qajetti jaghdaylarda olardyng aldyn alyp nemese qarsy әreketter úiymdastyryp, aqyry handy jetegine kóndirdi. Quatty memleketting strategiyasynyng basym baghyttary shaghyn halyqtardyng tirshilik josparymen  sәikes kelmeytinin tarazylamaghan Ábilqayyr tyghyryqqa aparatyn tayaz sayasatynyng qúrbanyna ainaldy.
4. Biz ómir sýrip otyrghan tez ózgermeli zamanda tarihtyng ashy sabaghynan alynghan taghylymdardyng el keleshegining kókjiyegin payymdau ýshin manyzy zor. Búl túrghyda Ábilqayyrshyldyq qauipti fenomenderding biri desek qatelespeymiz. Sondyqtan, onyng qadamyn aqtap, nasihattau isi – asyl múratymyzgha, asqaq maqsattarymyzgha jauap bermeydi.
5. Qazirgi qoghamymyzda kenestik kezendegi elding sanasyna sinirilgen tújyrymdardy aqiqattyng aq shynyna balap jýrgen keybir «oqymysty» azamattar ýshin tarihymyzgha, tilimiz ben dinimizge ayausyz soqqy bergen kommunistik dәuirding ólshemderi әli qymbat qazyna ispetti. Osydan bolar, songhy jyldary Reseyge bodandyqqa basyn óz erkimen baylaghan Ábilqayyr han kóregen әri kemenger sayasatker, últ mýddesi jolyndaghy jalyndy kýresker, tútas qazaqtyng memleket qayratkeri retinde dәripteu jana qarqyn alghanday.
6. Qazaq halqynyng passionarlyq әleueti bodandyq әkelgen talayly zamandardyng tәlkegine týskenimen, jasampazdyq qabiletin joghaltqan joq. Últ-azattyq qozghalysynyng eki jarym ghasyrdan astam tarihy, elimiz qol jetkizgen tәuelsizdik, memleketimizding býgingi jetistikteri, keleshek damu strategiyalary osynyng aishyqty aighaghy.

Oyymyzdy qorytyndylasaq. Álemning eng damyghan 30 elining qataryna qosylu – «Qazaqstan-2050» strategiyasynyng basty mejesi bolsa, Elbasynyng «Mәngilik El» iydeyasynyng múraty – Qazaq memleketin mynjyldyqtar belesine óristetu. Olay bolsa, býgingi jәne keler úrpaqtyng boyynda ata-babalarymyz armandap ótken tәuelsizdikting qasterli ruhyn tәrbiyeleu, elimizge degen maqtanysh, jerimizge degen sýiispenshilik sezimdi, týptep kelgende otanshyldyqty úyalatu – Últ múraty irgetasynyng berik boluynyng kepili.

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