Bizding biylik nege jaltaq? Últ mýddesine kelgende tabanynyng býri joq. Áytpese ana tilining taghdyryn birjaqty etip, mәrtebesin әldeqashan ósiretin kez keldi emes pe? Qazir eki shoqyp, bir qaraytyn kez emes. Qazaq tili qashangha deyin esikten óleusirep, telmire qaray beredi?

Bizding biylik nege jaltaq? Últ mýddesine kelgende tabanynyng býri joq. Áytpese ana tilining taghdyryn birjaqty etip, mәrtebesin әldeqashan ósiretin kez keldi emes pe? Qazir eki shoqyp, bir qaraytyn kez emes. Qazaq tili qashangha deyin esikten óleusirep, telmire qaray beredi?

Áytpese aityludan kende bolyp jatqan joq. Bizding batys-teriskey qonsymyz, bәr-bәrinen qorytyndy shygharudyng ornyna, әli sol juan júdyryqty ansap, búrynghy sayqal sayasatyn әrtýrli jymysqy joldarmen jalghastyryp jatqanday. Sol bayaghy astamshyldyq, kózge úryp túrghan shamshyldyq pen nәsilshildikting qiytúrqy tәsilderi men әdisteri anda-sanda ersi bolsa da qayta-qayta aiylyn jimay, beleng berip qalady. Byltyrghy Úly jenisting 65 jyldyq merekesi qarsanynda "Beymәlim soghys" (jelisi B.Okudjava men E.Evtushenko) filimder toptamasyn kórgende tek qana nemister men orys qana soghysqan ba degen kýpir oida qalasyn. Eger aqiqatqa jýginsek, Ekinshi jahandyq soghysqa seksenge tarta el aralasyp, qarsy eki jaqtan qanshama halyq, últtar men úlystar ókilderi janqiyarlyq pen qaharmandyq kórsetpedi?! Býitip aqiqattyng alajibin attaugha bola ma? Nege osy kýnge deyin Baltyq boyy elderi zar jylaydy? Qap tauyndaghylar she? Tek kýshtining arty diyirmen tarta bergen song ba, әlde tarihy shyndyqtyng betine shirkeu týsip, zәrәzap bolghan song ba? Ay-kýn aman, el tynysh, tapa-tal týste tәuelsizdikti túnshyqtyryp, tarih tegershigin keri ainaldyrghysy kelip, keshegini kókseytinder әlsin-әlsin júrt tynyshtyghyn alatayday býldirip, bórliktire shulatyp qoyatyn taqyrbastar qozghalysy men olardyng qoltyghyna dym býrkip, jel berip qoyatyndar ne kózdeydi? Basqa basqa, týbi tuys bolyp keletin slavyan memleketteri - Ukraina men Belorussiyagha әrtýrli syltaumen tize batyryp, kórinbeytin solqyldaq shybyqpen kózge kók shybyn ýimeletuden dәmesi bar әli. Bauyrlas Belarusityng keshe ghana keden odaghynan taban astynda úzaq kergip, ketip qala jazdaghanynyng sebebi ne? Búnyng astarynda jalghyz gaz mәseleleri jatqan joq ekeni beseneden belgili jayt. Kóz jetedi. Al bizding biylik bolsa, jylan arbaghan boztorghayday jayghan torgha jópeldemete top etip qayta týsti. Búl arydan oilaytyn qulyqtyng nәtiyjesi emes pe? Týbinde kelmeske ketip, qarasy batqan otarshyldyqtyng bet perdesi sypyrylyp, bezbýirek beynesi kórinip túrsa da bәribir. Últtar men últtardy, úlystar men úlystardy bir-birine aidap salyp, kim qyrqystyryp otyr?! Bodandyqqa boyúsynbay, bostandyqqa úmtylghan tútas bir tau halqyn qyryp-joy jalghassa, patshalyq jәne qazirgi Reseyding aiyrmashylyghy qanday? Búl da 1856 jyly búrq etip, qolgha týskenshe shiyrek ghasyrdan astam uaqyt arystansha arpalysyp, jolbaryssha jaghalasyp, jan ayamay kýresken Shәmil imamnyng últ-azattyq qozghalysynyng jalghasy emes pe? Keshegi Kenesary - Nauryzbay bastaghan kóterilis sabaghy nege úmytylady? Alaqanday Abhaziyany arandatyp, birtútas osetin halqyn Soltýstik jәne Ontýstik Osetiya dep zorlyqpen bólip otyrghangha qalaysha mәn berilmey keledi? Búrynghy Gýrjistangha әlem júrtshylyghynyng kózin baqyraytyp qoyyp, alapat soghys órtin tútatyp, basyp kiru ne kórsetti? Kim, qalay aqtala alady? Týrli-týrli lankestikti syltau etip, ýnsiz qalu eshkimge opa bergen emes. Tauly Qarabaq pen Dnestr boyyndaghy ishki janjaldar ózinen-ózi payda boldy ma? Kim kimning qolymen ot kósep otyr? Osynday zapyrany kóp, zәr tókken zamanda jan-jaqtan qazylyp jatqan "Qorqyt kórine" iyterip jiberuge dayyn qarau qara kýshter joq dep eshkim ýzildi-kesildi kesip-piship aita almaydy.
1836 jyly Resey patshalyghy generalissimus A.V.Suvorovqa asau noghaylardy juasytyp, Edil men Jayyq arasyndaghy quanshylyq qúshaghyndaghy qyrgha quyp qonystandyrugha zorlyqpen pәrmen berip, mandayynyng sory ashylmaghan beyshara halyqty joyqyn qaru kýshimen qyryp-joyyp, toz-tozyn shygharyp, tughan topyraghynan bezdirip, tentiretip jibergeni jýrektegi shóngedey qadalyp jatyr әli. Ashy taghdyr tayaghy tiygen jalghyz solar ma? Jaldamaly jaldaptardyng zardaptary az emes. Tize, berseng tóbe shashyng tik túrady. 1842 jyly Altaydy aralaghan saparynda orystyng oqymystylyghynan góri tynshylyghy basym P.A.Chihachev: "Prejde chem rasskazati o poezdke po Kazahskoy stepi, mne hochetsya soobshiti nekotorye svedeniya otnosiytelino organizasiy y nravov etoy bolishoy semiy kochevnikov, podchiynennoy Russkomu gosudarstvu. Kazahy prinadlejat ko vtoroy kategoriy "inorodsev" i, sledovatelino, polizuitsya vsemy pravami, darovannymy etoy kategoriiy", - dep jazdy eshqanday úyalyp qyzarmay. - Podobno turkam y voobshe vsem kochevym narodam Sentralinoy Azii, stoli prekrasnye naezdniki, kak y plohie peshehody. Ony gnushaytsya hoditi peshkom, tem bolee, chto nogy u nih pochty vsegda krivye iyz-za postoyannoy verhovoy ezdy". Ol jýrgen jerinde bayaghydan múnda mekendegen әldeqanday qiyaldaghy "chudi" degen halyqtyng Meksika astekterimen úqsastyghyn aityp, ejelgi Altay aimaghynda tau-ken óndirisi órkendegenine kýmәn keltiredi (Qúmyq tarihshy jazbageri Múrat Adjy de búl әldebir "chudi" halqy jalghan oidan shygharylghany jayynda atap ótedi). Al bizding dәuirimizding basynda ómir sýrip, on jeti tom "Jaghrapiya" kitabyn tasbihtay tizgen Starobonnyng ózi: "...Olar sadaqtar, qylyshtar, sauyttar jәne aibaltalarymen qarulanghan. Shayqastarda altynmen aptalady. Attyng jýgenderi altynmen aishyqtalady. Olarda kýmis joq, temir az, mys pen altyn qisapsyz", - dep bizding bayyrghy ata-babalarymyzdyng altyn-kýmis pen mysqa qatysty sóz qozghap, túrmysta jappay qoldanatynyn tang qala surettemeytin be edi? Ótkenge salauat! P.A.Chihachev jәne basqalardyng patshalar alqaby Berel ónirinde bolmaghanyna shýkir. Áytpese, qanday-qanday qiyal-ghajayyp tudyryp, ne súmdyq oilaytynyn kim bilipti?
Osydan jarty ghasyrday ótkende, 1886 jylghy jeltoqsanda general N.M.Prjevaliskiy de eshkimnen qalyspay, qymsynbay "Russkiy vestniyk" jornalynda kóshpeli týzdikterdi sýmireytip keyiptey: "Voobshe pozvoliytelino ne toliko somnevatisya v nevozmojnosty dlya nomadov perehoda v sivilizovannui jizni po kakim by to ny bylo reseptam, no mojno daje utverjdati polnuy neprigodnosti etih plemen k takoy metamorfoze. Kak baran ne mojet byti dressirovan na podobie lyagavoy sobaki, tak y kochevnik umstvenno tupoy, lenivyy y apatichnyy ne mojet po skladu svoey prirody, peredelatisya v energeticheskogo sivilizovannogo cheloveka". Búnday atýsti payymda aram pighyldy mysyq tileules adamdardyng arghy kómekeyi kórinip túrghan joq pa? Qyrghyzdar Ystyqkól jaghasyndaghy N.M.Prjevaliskiy atyndaghy shahardy búrynghy atyna ózgertip qana qoyghan joq, qansha ózara qyrqyssa da, qúldyq sanadan arylyp kele jatqanday. Qúdaydyng erkebúlan tabynda jayylyp jýrgen kerqúlandaryn kezdeysoq kók atty N.M.Prjevaliskiy jylqysy dep atay salghanymyz qalay dep marqúm Jaghda Babalyqúlynyng qatty mazasyzdanyp jýretini esimde. Amal ne, búlardan tiyisti qorytyndy jasap jatqan eshkim joq. Qorlap, zorlap jatsa da barlyghyna nemqúrayly qarap, bәrine eti ólip ketkendey.
Tipti, әspetteuge layyq pa, joq pa, oghan qaramay orys oiynyng ar-úyaty, ojdanyna ainalghan Chehovting ózi de qandastary dese qaryna tartady. 1890 jyly Sahalinge deyin baryp, sol kezdegi qoghamnyng kelensiz kórinisterin qabyrghasy qayysyp, jany ashy qaraghan Anton Pavlovich Chehov jasóspirim bolsa da teris tәkappar týsinik tudyryugha tyrysady: "N.M.Prjevaliskiy hal ýstinde jatyp, ózin Ystyqkól jaghasyna jerleudi anyzgha ainaldyruy jaydan jay emes. Qúday taghala baqilyqqa attanghan jangha taghy bir erlik jasaugha - boyyndaghy tughan jerge degen saghynysh sezimin basyp, qabirin týz qoynyna tapsyrugha tәuekel etipti, - deydi jas jazushy marqúmnyng topyraghy suymay jatyp, jasyryn astamshylyq pen shamshyldyqtyng otyna may qúya týskendey. - Al búl kýsh jeme-jemde túqyrtatyn týsinik boludan qalyp, bir nemese ondaghan tiri adamnyng túrpatyn tanytady, sóitip osylay myqty mektep qalyptasady. Prjevaliskiydi, Mikluho-Maklay men Lingvingstondy әrbir shәkirt biletini jaydan jay emes, olar ótken sol joldardy bastan ótkerip, anyzgha ainaldyruy jaydan-jay emes". Áldekimning yqpal-әserimen jazylghany bayqalady. Kýmәndi jandardy pir tútyp, teris bolsa da әrbir adymyn erlikke balap, әspetteu tútastay últtyng ar men úyatyna ainala bastaghan qalamgerge jarasyp túr ma? Eshkimmen aqyldaspay, aq-qarasyn baghamdamay, aidalada jatqan Alla múzdyqtary men bostanda jayylyp jýrgen jylqy atauyn bireuge syilap bere salu qaydan shyqqan ersi ýrdis? Qayta tәuelsizdik túsynda búnday jauapsyz jazular men migirsiz mәlimdemeler nege qaperge alynbaydy. Qit etse, ózara óshpendilik otyn tútatyp, ýrlep, basqa búratanalardy itting etinen ary jekkórgizu búlardyng boyyndaghy kemsitushilik sezimi tua bitti qangha singen pighyl ma? Taghy da sol A.P.Chehov E.M.Lintvarevagha "Osynday Prjevaliskiy siyaqty adamdardy sheksiz sýiemin" dep sýisine hat joldaydy. Sonda ol neni ansap, neni kókseydi? Búl 1875 jyly ol gimnaziyada oqyp jýrip, "Qazaqtar" haqynda: "...redko mojno vstretiti mejdu kirgizamy (kazahy - A.N.) krasavsa: lisa ih po bolishey chasty kruglye, s vydavavshimisya skulami, uzkimy glazami, pochty liyshennymy brovey, nos krepkogo slojeniya, chto doljno pripisati, konechno, surovomu stepnomu vospitanii; rost ih sredniy. Kirgizy narod kochevoy, ony provodyat vsu jizni na kone, pochty ne mogut hoditi peshkom" deui jas jazushynyng payym-parasaty, kóshpelilerge kózqarasynda sýiispenshiliginen góri jiyrenishi kórinip túr.
Solargha qaramastan, taghdyrmen taytalasyp, qasqayyp túryp, basyn bәigege tigip, jantýrshigerlik jaylargha tózbey, irip-shirigen qoghamnyng qoyasyn aqtaryp, qarsy shyghatyn qaysar jandar bolady eken. Qap tauynda otarshyldyq, basqynshylyq pen jaugershilik asa órship kele jatqanda turashyl general N.N.Raevskiy sol kezdegi soghys ministrining әreketi erte orta ghasyrdaghy konkistadorlardyng is-әreketinen de soraqy, taghylyqtan da ary ekenin ashyp kórsetedi. "Ya zdesi pervyy y odin po sie vremya vosstal protiv pagubnyh voennyh deystviy na Kavkaze y ot etogo vynujden pokinuti kray. Nashy deystviya na Kavkaze napominait vse bedstviya pervonachalinogo zavoevaniya Ameriky ispansami, no ya ne viju zdesi ny podvigov geroystva, ny uspehov zavoevaniy Piysera y Kortesa. Day bog, chtoby zavoevanie Kavkaza ne ostavilo v russkoy istoriy krovavogo sleda, podobnogo tomu, kotoryy ostavily ety zavoevately v istoriy Ispaniiy".
Qazir shyjghyrghan shyndyqty óstip betke aita alamyz ba? Sodan beri birnәrse ózgerdi me? Talay su aghyp, tas qaldy. Biraq osylay әlimjettik pen kótenzorlyq, qoghamdyq pikir-pighylgha qúlyqsyz qarap, biylik tarapynan nemkettilik bildirilip, mylqaulyq tanytu kóbeymese, azaymapty әli. Qazaq qauymy da qily-qily tandau men talghaugha tap bolyp, jolayryqta túr. Sonday salghyrttyqtyng saldarynan HIH ghasyrdyng tek 80-90 jyldarynda 12 mln. 655428 ga. shúrayly ataqonys tartyp alynyp, týzdikter qúladúzge shóleyt pen qúnarsyz aidalagha kýshtep kóshirildi. Sibir kazaktary - 5 million desyatina, Oral otarlaushylary - 6 millionnan asa desyatina, Jetisudaghy jatjerlikter 610484 desyatina jerdi iyemdenip aldy. Qazir kishkentay tabysty qansha dabyraytqanmen, kýnirengen kýiinishti ýn qúlaqqa keledi. Uaqyt kóshining aldy-artyn orap, mazasyz alaqúiyn zaman jeli úiytqyp soghatynday: "Praviytelistvo ne mojet, pry vsey svoey neogranichennosti, dobitisya pravdy y chestnosti, bez svobody obshestvennogo mneniya eto y nevozmojno, - deydi Euraziya ghana emes, bar adamzat ómirin kóz aldynan ótkizip, slavyanofil aghymyn ýilestirushilerding biri orys kórkemsózshisi, tarihshy hәm aqyn K.S.Aksakov (1817-1863 jj.) sýiinishinen góri kýiinishin jasyrmay. - Vse lgut drug drugu, vidyat eto, prodoljait lgati, y neizvestno, do chego doydut. Vseobshee razvrashenie ily oslablenie nravstvennyh nachal v obshestve doshlo do ogromnyh razmerov". Búghan izinshe tarlan tarihshy S.M.Soloviev te jan bitire týsedi: "Prihodilosi rasplatitisya za tridsatiyletnuu loji, tridsatiyletnee davlenie vsego jivogo, duhovnogo, podavlenie narodnyh siyl, predvrashenie russkih ludey v polki, za polnui ostanovku iymenno togo, chto nujno bylo bolee vsego pooshryati, chego, k neschastiu, tak malo prigotovila nasha istoriya, - iymenno samostoyatelinosty y obshego deystviya, bez kotorogo samoderjes, samyy genialinyy y blagopoluchnyi, ostaetsya bespomoshnym, vstrechaet strashnye zatrudneniya v osushestvleniy svoih namereniy". Kórshi eldegi Europa jandarmy II Nikolay kezeni әldeqashan ótse de, onyng jaghymsyz qorqynyshty elesteri kezip jýrgendey әli. Biz óstip jýrip qúldyq sanadan qashan qútylamyz?! Áy, qaydam!..

Ayan NYSANALIYN,
Aqyn
18 tamyz 2011 jyl