Ghalamdastyru oqshaulanyp ómir sýruding mýmkin emestigin kórsetti. Ózgeristerding aghyny bir elding ishinde túryp qalmay kórshi memleketterge de әserin tiygizetinin songhy uaqyttaghy dýniyejýzilik sayasy oqighalar dәleldep jatyr. Sondyqtan biz de kórshi memleketterding tynys-tirshiligine toqtaludy jón kórdik.

Resey. Soltýstik polusti dogha tirizdenip jartylay qorshap jatqan, planetamyzdyng segizden bir bóligine ie úlan-ghayyr el talay zertteushining qyzyghushylyghyn tudyryp keledi. Reseyding qalyptasuyna bizding zamanymyzdyn  IV ghasyrynda Evropagha qonys audarghan ghúndar, býgingi Resey territoriyasynyng 80 payyzyna qonys etken týrki halyqtary, odan bólek slavyan, fiyn-ugor taypalary yqpal etti. Bastary birikpey betaldy qyrylysyp jýrgen orys knyazidikteri XIII ghasyrdaghy Batu hannyng joryghynan song bir ortalyqqa baghyndyrylyp, Altyn Ordanyng qúramyndaghy avtonomiyaly elge ainaldy. Orda bekitken nizammen jýrip, salyq tólep túrdy. Diny erkindik berilip, dәstýrine qiyanat jasalmady. Orys knyazidikteri әrkez Altyn Ordanyng qorghauynda edi.

Ghalamdastyru oqshaulanyp ómir sýruding mýmkin emestigin kórsetti. Ózgeristerding aghyny bir elding ishinde túryp qalmay kórshi memleketterge de әserin tiygizetinin songhy uaqyttaghy dýniyejýzilik sayasy oqighalar dәleldep jatyr. Sondyqtan biz de kórshi memleketterding tynys-tirshiligine toqtaludy jón kórdik.

Resey. Soltýstik polusti dogha tirizdenip jartylay qorshap jatqan, planetamyzdyng segizden bir bóligine ie úlan-ghayyr el talay zertteushining qyzyghushylyghyn tudyryp keledi. Reseyding qalyptasuyna bizding zamanymyzdyn  IV ghasyrynda Evropagha qonys audarghan ghúndar, býgingi Resey territoriyasynyng 80 payyzyna qonys etken týrki halyqtary, odan bólek slavyan, fiyn-ugor taypalary yqpal etti. Bastary birikpey betaldy qyrylysyp jýrgen orys knyazidikteri XIII ghasyrdaghy Batu hannyng joryghynan song bir ortalyqqa baghyndyrylyp, Altyn Ordanyng qúramyndaghy avtonomiyaly elge ainaldy. Orda bekitken nizammen jýrip, salyq tólep túrdy. Diny erkindik berilip, dәstýrine qiyanat jasalmady. Orys knyazidikteri әrkez Altyn Ordanyng qorghauynda edi.

Batu hannyng joryghyna deyin orys knyazidikterining hali ayanyshty edi.  1204 jyly krest joryqshylary Vatikannyng qarjylandyruymen katolik dinin ýstemdikke jetkizu maqsatynda Konstantinopolidy tonady. Sodan keyin, nemis rysarlary joldaryndaghy serbterdi, prussiyalyqtardy, livondyqtardy ayausyz ezip, Rusiya men Baltyq jaghalauyna qaray shep týzedi. Krestshilerding maqsaty bireu ghana bolatyn - pravoslaviya dinin joi. Altyn Ordalyqtar alghashqy joryghynda Ryazani, Vladimiyr, Rostov, Suzdali, Galich, Tveri, Kiyev knyazidikterin basyp alghanymen Novgorod, Pskov, Smolensk ónirlerine әli súghynbaghan edi. Al, katolikter barlyq baghytta maydan ashty: Polisha men Vengriya Galisiya men Volynige úmtyldy, nemister Novgorod pen Pskovty aldy, shvedter Nevanyng jaghasyna kelip bekindi. Tarihshy Vernadskiyding jazuynsha knyazi Danieli Galiskiy men әskery qolbasshy Aleksandr Nevskiy eki týrli baghyt ústanady. «Danieli - dep jazady Vernadskiy, - batys pen shyghystyng arasynda sayasy oiyn oinady. Alghashynda Batudyng qoldauyna ie bolyp, syrtqy sayasattaghy salmaghy kýrt artyp, Batys oghan jaghympazdana bastady. Biraq, ol Altyn Ordamen baylanysty ýzip, Rim papasymen kelissóz jýrgizuge kóshti. Alayda, oghan batys jaqtan eshqanday kómek kórsetilmedi. Sayasy sayqaldyqqa boy aldyrghan onyng kesirinen Vengriya, Polisha, Litva әskerleri ontýstik-batys Rusiyagha basyp kirdi, Volyni men Galisiya ghasyrgha juyq orys mәdeniyetinen ajyrap, katolik dinining yqpalynda boldy». Danieli Batu hannyng qoldauyna sýiengende jaghday mýldem basqasha bolar edi: Orta jәne Shyghys Evropagha pravoslaviyany keng jayyp, Rusiyany tik túrghyzu onyng qolynda túrghan edi, - dep barmaghyn shaynaydy tarihshy.  Daniel jibergen qatelikti әskery qolbasy Aleksandr Nevskiy týzetti.  Ol ordalyqtardyng diny tózimdiligin qaperge alyp, orys pravoslaviyasyn, dәstýrin katolik basqynshylardan qorghau ýshin diplomatiyalyq qatynastardy jana arnagha týsirdi. Batudyng úly, әri ózining dindesi Sartaqpen anda boldy.

Altyn Ordanyng aduyndy atty әskerimen әskery quaty artqan A.Nevskiy Rim papasynyng batasyn alyp shyqqan shved Yarl Birger bastaghan krestshilerdi 1240 jyly Nevanyng boyynda talqandady. Arada eki jyl ótken song múz qatqan Chud kólining ýstinde livon rysarilaryn qyrghyngha úshyratyp, olardy Koporiya men Pskovtan quyp shyqty. 1245 jyly Viytebsk jәne Torops aumaghynda litvalyqtardy jense, 1269 jyly orda әskerlerining qoldauymen Novgorodty krestshilerden azat etti. Demek, Batu han orys knnyaidikterin jaulap alu ýshin emes, olardy katolikterding azabynan qútqaru ýshin joryqqa attanghan.

1261 jyly Sarayshyq qalasynda orys shirkeuining eparhiyasy qúrylyp, Rusiya Ordagha ruhaniy-mәdeny týrde yqpal etip, missionerlik-nasihat júmystaryn jýrgize bastady. Eparhiya prvoslavtardyng mýddesin qorghaugha qol jetkizdi. 18 jyl ótken song Mónke-Temir pravoslaviya dinine tiyispeu, hramdary men shirkeu mýlikterine qol súqpau jóninde jarlyq shyghardy. Eparhiyanyng enbegi tekke ketpepti. 1318 jyldan bastap Altyn Ordadaghy pravoslaviya dinindegi han úrpaqtary men týrkiler Rusiyagha qaray aghyla kóshti. Olardyng basym kópshiligi knyaziding әskery qyzmetine qabyldandy. Mәskeu dini bir dala jauyngerlerin qataryna qabyldap, ishki әleuetin nyghaytty. XIII ghasyrdyng sonynda salyq jinaudy orys knyazideri óz qoldaryna alyp ýlgerdi.

Batu hannan 200 jyl ótken song Altyn Orda birneshe bólikterge ydyrady: Aq Orda, Astrahan, Sibir, qyrym, Qazan handyqtary, Noghay Ordasy. Osyny paydalanghan Rusi kýsh jinay bastady. Altyn Orda bólshektengennen keyin onyng geosayasy múrasy derbes qúrylyp jatqan memleketterding birine auysuy kerek bolatyn. Búl baq Rusiyanyng tóbesine qondy. Ol qalay qondy, Mәskeu búl mәrtebege qalay jetti degen súraqtargha uәj aitushylar óte kóp. Altyn Ordanyng ydyraghan handyqtaryn birinen song birin jaulap alatynday qúdiret orys aghayyndargha qaydan keldi? Ormannyng ishinde angdyng terisin jamylyp adasyp jýrgen, Batu hannyng arqasynda bastaryn әzer qúraghan elding sayasy salmaghynyng artyp ketu sebebi nede?

Ghalym Múrad Adjy әigili enbeginde 1589 jyly Fedor Ioanovichting túsynda Konstantinopoli patriarhy IYeremiyding Mәskeu patriarhiyasyn qúrghanyn aitady. Konstantinopoli qúlaghan song bas saughalap kelgen patriarhtyng Fedor patshagha aitqanyn zertteushi V.O. Kluchevskiy bylay keltiredi: «Úly Rimdi erester qúlatty, ekinshi Rim - Konstantinopoli agaryan úrpaqtary men týrkilerding qolyna ótti. Endi sening Úly Reseying - Ýshinshi Riym! Ayyng onynnan tudy!». Sóitip, Konstantinopolidan qashyp kelgen patriarh mәskeulikterding kónil týkpirinde byqsyp jatqan bedelsiz menmendikke may qúidy. «Ýshinshi Riym» degen iydeyany eng alghash konstantinopolidik grekter emes, XVI ghasyrdyng basynda ómir sýrgen pskovtyq monah Filofey úsynghan bolatyn,- deydi Múrad Adji, - iydeya Mәskeulik Rusiyanyng sayasy teoriyasyna ainalyp, ol әlemdegi minsiz, kirshiksiz hristiandyq patshalyq degen kózqarasty bildiretin». Atalghan iydeyany  Konstantinopoli  kýiregen song qayyrshylanyp ketken qashqyn grekter óz qajetterine jaratqan.

Vizantiyalyqtar alyp kelgen hristian dini Isany Qúday dep senetin. Al, islam dini kelgenshe týrki dalasynda qanat jayghan hristian dinining nestorian tarmaghy Isany Qúday dәrejesine kótermeytin. Boytasalap kirgen hristiandyqtyng batystyq ýlgisi slavyandardyng boyyndaghy ýstemdikke jetuge qúshtar niyetpen astasyp, ordadaghy týrki hristiandary alyp barghan hristiandyqtyng shyghystyq ýlgisin yghystyryp shyghardy.

Evropanyng týkpirinen kelgen iydeologtardyng demeuimen 1666 jyly týpkilikti jýzege asqan Shirkeu reformasy biylikti batysshyldardyng qolyna berdi. Reformanyng nәtiyjesinde shirkeuding biyligi әlsirep, memlekettik apparattyng ýstemdigi artty. Memlekettik biylikke kelgender batysshyl bolyp, hristian týrkileri (әsirese, kazaktargha) men músylmandargha qysymyn kýsheytti. Jerorta tenizining ontýstik jaghalauynan kelgen bosqyn retinde kelgen piradardyng jymysqy jel sózi osylaysha Rusiyany jelpintti. «Hristian dinin dúrys týsinbeytin» dindesterine joryq jýrgizdi. Ivan Groznyidyng túsyndaghy «Oprichinina» sayasaty Resey jerinde qonys tepken týrki tekti halyqtardyng basyna qara búlt ýiiriltti. Ozbyr sayasattyng nәtiyjesinde Qazan, Sibir, Astrahani, Qyrym handyqtary birinen song biri jaulap alyndy. Úzaqqa sozylghan qyrghiy-qabaq andysudan keyin, bir jarym ghasyr boyy tolassyz otarlau júmystary jýrgizilip, qazaq jeri de orys patshalyghynyng qúramyna endi. Biraz ghasyr búryn orys jerin katolik rysarlarynan qorghap qalghan altyn orda alamandarynyng úrpaqtaryn orys otarshyldary ayausyz qyrghyngha úshyratqany tarihtan belgili. Odan bergi orys-qazaq qatynasy qazaq halqynyng jadynda óshpestey iz qaldyrghan tarih betterine jatady.

Búrynghy patsha ókimeti men keshegi Kenes ókimetining tikeley múrageri - Resey - bizding soltýstiktegi Qúdayy kórshimiz. Bizden basqa taghy 17 elmen shekaralasady. Jer betindegi orystardyng 86%-y óz elinde - Reseyde ómir sýrip jatsa, 14%-y shekara syrtynda. Sheteldegi orystardyng basym kópshiligi Ukraina men Qazaqstanda. Úlan-ghayyr elding halyq sany - 142 million adam. Osydan tura on jyl búryn (2001 jyly) 145 milliongha teng bolatyn. Ár otbasygha 1,17 baladan keledi. Reseylikterding ortasha ómir sýru úzaqtyghy 59 jas. Árbir ayaghy auyr 3 әielding 2-ui abort jasatady. Ólim dengeyi tuu dengeyimen salystyrghanda 70%-gha joghary. V.Putin mәlimdegendey: «Eger kәsiby mamandardyng derekkózine sýiensek on bes jyldan keyin reseylikter 22 million adamgha azayady. Búl Resey halqynyng jetiden bir bóligi». Mamandardyng dereginshe reseylikter 2016 jyly 123 milliongha kemip, 2050 jylgha qaray taghy 33 milllion túrghynynan aiyrylmaqshy. Reseyde 180-nen astam últ bar jәne ol últtardyng barlyghy óz atamekeninde ómir sýrude. Kremliding aldynda túrghan eng kýrdeli mәseleler: demografiya men eldegi últaralyq qatynasty retteu. Alikogolizm, nashaqorlyq, jezókshelik, ajyrasu siyaqty keselder alyp derjavanyng tamyryna balta shauyp jatyr. Jyraqtaghy orystardyng tughan eline qonys audaruy soghyssyz jusap jatqan otandastarynyng ornyn toltyra almady. Resey Federasiyasy qúramyndaghy 21 avtonomiyalyq respublika tәuelsizdikten dәmeli. Sheshen halqynyng basyndaghy auyr zardap ghana olardyng meselin tejep otyr.

KSRO-nyng sústy әskery arsenaldary men tisqaqqan tәjiriybelerin miras ghyp alyp qalghan Resey Federasiyasy әli de aibarly. Halqy qartai prosesin ótkerip jatsa da bәz bayaghy ýstem últ mәrtebesinen aiyrylghysy joq. Reseyding býgingi tynys-tirishiliginde kóptep kózge úshyrasyp jatqan әskery patriottyq saryndaghy  әnder, kinolar, kitaptar sonyng dәleli. Resey kenestik kenistikten tek әskery qúraldar men nysandar emes, sonymen qatar Putiyn, Medvedev siyaqty KGB-nyng týlekterin múra retinde alyp qaldy. KSRO-nyng sýiegi synghanmen, súsy әli Reseyding qabaghynda túr. Qazaqstangha Resey tarapynan keletin qauip dәl osy sústa. Birtútas ekonomikalyq kenistik, keden odaghy tәrizdi úiymdar Kremliding jan-jaghyna yzalana shashqan janary. Ortaq tarif baghamdaryn, tauar baghalaryn belgileu Mәskeuding qolayyna say retteledi. Qazaqstannyng OBSE-ge tóragha boluyn Reseyding qos qoldap baryn sala qoldauy «Biz bir kemening ishindemiz, bizben birge bolasyn» degeni edi. Óitkeni, Qazaqstannyng memleketti basqaru jýiesi, sayasy qúrylysy, normativtik-qúqyqtyq bazalary Reseydikimen óte úqsas. Sayasi, ekonomikalyq, qúqyqtyq qúrylymdardyng batys evropa elderinen góri Reseyge qatty úqsauy Mәskeuding shengelinen qútyla almay jatqanymyzdyng aighaghy. Qazaqstan sol sebepti Reseymen ymyrada ómir sýruge mәjbýr.

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