Dәstýrli islam dininde shamandyq jәne baqsylyqpen ainalysu kýnә bolyp sanalady. Qazirgi Qazaqstan aumaghynda baqsylar ejelden boldy. Halyq baqsylar qarapayym adamdarda joq kýshting iyesi dep eseptedi jәne olardan kómek súrady.

Alghashqy baqsylar paleolit dәuirinde payda bolghan eken. Tabighatynan tylsym daryngha ie bolghan búl adamdar ejelden ruhtar әlemi men adam әlemining arasyn jalghaydy dep esepteldi.

«Baqsy» sózining maghynasyn týsindiretin әrtýrli týsindirmeler bar:

- Baqsy – tylsym kýsh iyesi. Basqasha aitqanda, siqyrshy.

- Baqsy – ruhtarmen baylanys ornata alatyn, eki dýnie arasynda jýre alatyn adam. Búghan arnayy rәsim arqyly qol jetkiziledi.

- Baqsy – etnikalyq әdet-ghúryptardy jaqsy biletin adam. Sonday-aq adam balasyn tabighattan tys darynmen emdeytin emshi.

Ejelgi zamanda baqsylardyng adam qoghamyna yqpaly zor boldy. Olardy qazaqtyng ru-taypa biyleushileri qúrmettedi әri diny qyzmetker retinde kenesip, aqyl-oy súraghan. Islamnyng taraluymen búl «siqyrshylar» búrynghy bedelinen aiyrylyp, negizinen kóripkeldikpen ghana ainalysa bastady.

Kez kelgen baqsynyng basty mindeti – óz ru-taypasyna kómektesu, onyng berekeli ómirin qamtamasyz etu boldy. Olar mynaday mәselelermen ainalysty:

Bolashaqty boljau, armandardyng oryndaluy ýshin әlemder arasynda jýru;

Joghalghan adamdar men zattardy izdeu;

Qaytys bolghan ata-babalarmen baylanys jasau;

Taypalastaryn zúlym ruhtardan qorghau;

Tabighattan tys nәrselerdi óz erkine baghyndyru;

Nauqastardy emdeu;

Aua rayyn retteu, tabighy apattardyng aldyn alu.

Baqsylar eshqashan baylyq jimaghan, óitkeni olardyng basty ereksheligi – riyasyzdyq. Olardyng jaman oilargha, jaman isterge barugha qúqyghy joq. Baqsylar bar uaqytyn adamdargha kómektesuge arnaghan. Olardyng kópshiligi otyryqshy ómir saltyn ústanghan.

Baqsylardyng әr adamgha paydaly bolar 6 sabaghy bar:

1. Adam teris oilardan aulaq bolu kerek, jaman isterge jol bermeu kerek.

2. Adamnyng ózin-ózi tanuyna tek jaqsy oilar men iygi ister ghana mýmkindik beredi. Ózinizdi basqalardan joghary qoymanyz.

3. Qayyrymdylyq jasasanyz, onymen maqtanbanyz.

4. Ár adamgha beriletin qiyndyq bolady, eger isiniz ónbese, taghy da tyrysa týsiniz.

5. Býgingi kýnmen ómir sýriniz. Ýnemi ótkenge qayta oraludyng nemese bolashaqtyng qúpiyasyn biluge tyrysudyng qajeti joq.

6. Ár adam qorshaghan әlemge әser etedi. Óz týisiginizge seniniz. Manyzdy sheshim qabyldaghanda jýreginizdi tyndaudy úmytpanyz.

«Baqsy» sózi týrki tilindegi «baq» (qarau, kóru) týbirinen shyqqan degen boljam bar. Qazaq baqsylary Qorqyt (Qorqút) degen adamdy ózderine qamqorshy sanady. Ol oghyz taypasynan shyqqan týrik, onyng sheshesi qypshaq bolghan degen boljam bar.

Aytpaqshy, Rim Papasynyng kitaphanasynda shamamen HÝ-HÝI ghasyrlarda jazylghan «Qorqyt atanyng kitaby» degen enbek bar. Kitapta «Shyghysta taqualyq ómir saltyn ústanghan, óte qúrmetti, danyshpan qariya túrady. Ol әskery joryqtarda handargha batasyn beredi» dep jazylghan.

Baqsylardyng qasiyetti muzykalyq aspaby –  qobyz. Anyz boyynsha ony Qorqyt ata ózi jasaghan. Baqsylargha jýgingen qazaqtar qobyz tartudy erekshe darynnan dep bilgen. Qobyzdyng ýni auyr nauqastardan aiyqtyratyn erekshe qasiyetke ie dep sengen. Qobyzda oinau, sonday-aq onymen әn aitu, әdette, baqsy men aruaq arasyndaghy baylanysty bildirgen.

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