Qayta tughan QARMET
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Qazaqstan ýkimeti men ArcelorMittal arasyndaghy mәmile atalghan kompaniyanyng Qazaqstan aumaghyndaghy úzaq jyldargha sozylghan qyzmetine nýkte qoydy. Endi, kompaniya aktivterining jana qojayyny Andrey Lavrentievti aldaghy birneshe ailarda búrynghy qojayyn Mittaldyng óte qúityrqy basshylyghynan qútyludyng kýrdeli mәseleleri kýtip túr.
Lakshmy Mittaldyng Qazaqstanda payda bola ketuining tarihy basqa da milliarderlerding kelu joldarynan esh aiyrmashylyghy joq. Bankrot bolghan kәsiporyndar týkke túrghysyz azyn aulaq aqshagha baghalanyp, olardyng qúzyryna berilgen bolatyn. Bir keremeti, sol kezdegi Qarmet bar‑joghy bir aidyng kóleminde «bankrottalyp», apyl‑ghúpyl Mittalgha satylyp edi...
Ýkimetting 2023 jylghy tabandy әreketining arqasynda qol jetken mәmilege say Qarmet kәsiporny 1995-1996 jyldary ony ArcelorMittal satyp alghannan әldeqayda tómen baghagha qaytaryldy. Ol kezde kóptegen baghalaushylardyng esebi boyynsha korporasiya Qaraghandy metallurgiya kombinatyn $357 mln‑gha satyp aldy: onyn 225 $ mln aktivterding qúny edi, qalghany ainalym kapitaly qoryn toltyrugha, jalaqy boyynsha qaryzdardy óteuge jәne negizgi qaryzdardy tóleuge júmsaldy.
Sóitip, ArcelorMittal 15 shahtany, 12 qyzmet kórsetushi kәsiporyndardy, 13 qosalqy óndiris oryndaryn $210,6 mln‑gha satyp alsa, onyng jartysynan astamyna investisiya qúiyldy. Qaraghandy JES‑2 ArcelorMittalgha $46,3 mln baghagha berildi, onyng $41,3 mln somasy investisiyalyq qúiylym boldy.
Osyghan oray, Mittaldyng óndiris modernizasiyasyna qúiylghan aqshasy óndiristing júmysyn toqtatpau ýshin qúighan aqshasymen teng bolghandyqtan, alghashynda onyng bizge úsynghan 3,5 mlrd dollar kólemindegi baghasy tym qymbat bolatyn. Ýkimet úzaq uaqyt kelissózder jýrgizip, aqyr sonynda baghany 286 mln dollargha deyin tómendete aldy. Al osyghan deyingi alynghan kreditter boyynsha qaryzdy Andrey Lavrentiev óz moynyna aldy.
Áriyne, AMT‑nyng ýnemi qaryzda boluy ýirenshikti jaghday. Ol bir kezderi óz merdigerlerine milliard tengeden astam qaryzgha da batqan bolatyn.
Ókinishke oray, AMT óz ónimin satuda da kýmәndi tәsilderge qoldandy. 2015 j. Jeltoqsan aiynda sol kezdegi QR Industriya jәne jana tehnologiyalar viyse‑ministri Alibert Raudyng ózi «ArselorMittal Temirtau» kompaniyasy óndirgen ónimin satyp beruge ýkimetten kómek súrap jatyr dep mәlimdegen bolatyn:
«Olar bizge «bizding armaturalardy ishki naryqta satugha kómektesinder» deydi. Biz olargha kómektesip te jatyrmyz. Eger ótken jyly biz ishki naryqta 540 myng tonna armatura satugha kómektessek, keler jyly onyng kólemin 800 myng tonngha jetkizbekpiz» ‑ dedi ministr A.Rau.
Biraq, sol‑aq eken jarty jyl ótpey AMT qazaqstandyqtar ýshin AMT óndirgen tauarlardyn satu baghasyn 2016 j. aqpan aiynan mamyr aiyna deyin 40-100% deyin kóterip tastady. Sol kezderi investisiya jәne damu ministri bolghan Jenis Qasymbek AMT‑nyng búl әreketin «Baghany búlay kóteru otandyq óndiris pen qúrylystyng rentabeldigine keri әser etedi. Óitkeni, otandyq óndirushiler ónimining ózindik qúnynyng 50-60% ‑yn metall baghasy qúraydy otyr» dep baghalady.
Soghan qaramastan, «ArselorMittal Temirtau» kompaniyasy әrtýrli syltaularmen óz qyzmetkerlerin júmystan shygharumen boldy. Nәtiyjesinde, L.Mittal kompaniyasy barlyq tirshilik AMT tónireginde toptasqan ónirde myndaghan qarapayym adamdardy kýnkóris kózinen aiyrdy.
Mittal ózining búl әreketterin ýnemi de «әlemdik naryqtaghy tuyndaghan qiynshylyqtar saldarynan qatang ýnemdeuge kóshuge mәjbýr bolyp otyrmyz» dep týsindiretin. Solay dese de, oghan 2013 jyly Alabama shtatyndaghy asa iri zavody bar ThyssenKrupp Steel USA kompaniyasyn 1,5 mlrd dollargha satyp alugha «qatang ýnem» esh kedergi bolmady. Ol az bolsa, 2013 j. jeltoqsan aiynda ol ózining bauyrynyng qyzynyng toyyn 80 mln dollargha dýrkiretip ótkizip berdi...
Sol toydan keyin Mittal AMT basshylary aldynda bylay dedi:
«Eger biz naryqtaghy jaghdaydyng qiyndap ketkenin týsingen bolsaq, onda biz beldi qattyraq buyp, ne nәrsede bolsyn ýnemdeuge kóshuimiz kerek. Yaghni, biz ózimizding býginde artyq shyghyndargha bara almaytynymyzdy biluge tiyispiz. Osyny barlyq qyzmetkerlerge jetkizu qajet. Olar da bizding kompaniyanyng basta nazar audaratyn mәselesi ne ekendigin biluleri kerek. Eger sizder aqshany ýnemdememenizder, payda tapasanyzdar – bizding eshqanday da jetistikterge jete almaytynymyz anyq».
Biraq, Mittal Qazaqstan ýkimetinen aqsha alugha eshqashan úyalghan emes: onyn AQ «ArselorMittal Temirtau» kompaniyasyna berilgen memlekettik qoldaudyng jalpy kólemi 2014-2015 jyldary 50 mln dollardan kem bolghan joq. Búl oghan berilip jatqan sheksiz preferensiyalardy, salyqtyq jenildikterdi, AMT tarapynan bolyp jatqan ekologiyalyq jәne óndiristik qauipsizdikti saqtaudaghy óreskel zang búzushylyqtardy eskermegendegi qarjy bolatyn.
Osylay dep jýrgen Mittaldyng sózining әueni Qazaqstan preziydenti bolyp Qasymjomart Toqaev kelgennen keyin ózgere bastady. Endi magnat súranshaqtyghyn dogharyp, kәsipornynda ýzbey bolyp jatqan tótenshe apattardan jәne ondaghy adam shyghyndary oryn alghan qayghyly jaghdaylardan aqtalumen boldy. Ol ózi oryndaugha qúlyqsyz bola túra, kóptegen ýәdelerdi ýiip‑tógip bere bastady. Mysaly, 2022 j. qyrkýiek aiynda memleket basshysymen kezdesu barysynda ol Q.Toqaevqa juyq manda Qazaqstangha 1 mlrd dollar kóleminde investisiya salatynyna, al onyng basym bóligi óndiristi modernizasiyalaugha júmsalatynyna uәdesin beredi.
Nәtiyjesinde eshqanday da modernizasiya bolghan joq, esesine taghy da adamdar opat boldy. Sondyqtan 2022 jyldyng qarasha aiynda Qazaqstan preziydenti ýkimetke ArcelorMittal kompaniyasymen «aktivterdi memleket menshigine qaytaru turaly» kelissózderdi jýrgizudi tapsyrdy.
Endi, mine, bir jyl ótken song AMT kәsiporyndary ózining búrynghy tarihy atauy QARMET atyn qayta iyelendi. Onyng jana egesi – Andrey Lavrentiev qúny 3 mlrd dollar bolatyn óndiristi modernizasiyalau jәne әleumettik ifraqúrylymdy damytu mindetterin óz jauapkershiligine jýktedi. Sonymen birge ol $250 mln qysqa merzimdik qaryzdardy óteuge, tórt jyl ishinde $450 mln úzaq merzimdegi qaryzdardy óteuge mindettendi. Ayta keterlik taghy bir jaqsy janalyq, ol investordyng 1,3 mlrd dollardy 2024 jyldyng ózinde‑aq óndiriske investisiyalauy der edik. Tek sonda ghana kombinatty qaytadan tabysty óndiriske ainaldyrugha bolady.
Óndiris jәne qúrylys ministri Qanat Sharlapaev brifingtegi sózinde investor tandaudy ýkimettik komissiya ainalysty dedi. Ýmitker investorlar qatang bayqaudan ótti. Talap boyynsha ol qazaqstandyq azamattardyng Qazaqstanda qúrghan, óndirispen baylanysy bar, halyqaralyq basqaru standarttaryn jetik mengeregen jәne jetkilikti qor jinaghan, búryn‑sondy zandy dauly mәseleden taza kompaniya boluy tiyis. Mәmile «Astana» Halyqaralyq qarjylyq ortalyghy Birjasynda jasaldy. Nәtiyjesinde aldyn ala tizimdegi investorlardan komissiya tandauy Andrey Lavrentievting jaghynda boldy.
AMT kәsipornyna jýrgizilgen qarjylyq taldau nәtiyjesinde eng ontayly biznes‑joba qaraldy. Oghan qajet investisiya kólemi anyqtaldy. Bolashaqta kombinatty modernizasiyalaudyng júmys retin memlekettik komissiya baqylap otyratyn bolady.
Al, Lakshmy Mittal Qazaqstangha qanday da bir qarsy talaby joq ekendigi turaly qújatqa qol qoydy. Búl – Qazaqstan ýkimeti men ArcelorMittal korporasiyasy arasynda bolghan kelissózderdegi jemisti nәtiyje.
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