Qazaq baspasózining payda boluy men qalyptasuy Resey imperiyasynyng qazaq dalasyn otarlaudyng ayaqtaluy kezenine sәikes keledi.

Qazaq tilinde alghashqy merzimdi basylymdar HIH ghasyrdyng sonynda Patsha ýkimetining jergilikti atqarushy organdary jaghynan jaryq kóre bastady. Qazaqtyng alghashqy últtyq basylymdarynyng biri jәne ózinen keyingi baspasóz qúraldaryna ýlgi bola bilgen Trosk qalasynan shyqqan qazaqtyng túnghysh jurnaly «Ayqap» (1911-1915) jәne Orynbor qalasynda basylyp taraghan «Qazaq» gazeti (1913-1918) dep aitugha bolady. Atalghan eki basylym qúryly halyqty ghylym men ónerge, oqu aghartu júmystaryna júmyldyrugha kýsh saldy. Basylymda jaryq kórgen keybir materiyaldar Resey qúramyndaghy qazaqtar qonystanghan 6 oblystan ózge teritoriyalardaghy qazaqtar turaly da qúndy mәlimetter jariyalap túrghan.  1923 jyly aqpan aiynda Mәskeu qalasynda KSRO halyqtarynyng kindik baspasynan «Temirqazyq» atty jurnal jaryqqa shyqty. «Temirqazyqtyn» alghashqy nó­miri shyqqanda auyl qazaghy ózi­ning tilegin óleng shumaqtarymen jol­daghan. Mine, sonday el qaza­ghynyng biri Eskendir Shyn­tasúly­nyng jýrekjardy óleni jurnalgha arnalghany – sonyng aighaghy. Óleng joldarynda auyl azamaty:

«Qayyrly, qútty bolsyn, «Temirqazyq»,
Sanaly ansaghangha búl bir azyq.
Etedi jolbasshylyq, jón kór­setip,
Adassaq baghyt auyp, joldan azyp.
Qazaqtyng kemdikte ósken ainasy búl,
Ózimnen ózine aitar tergep-qazyp.
Az sózben elden kónil bildiremin
Sýieldi qoldarymmen óleng jazyp», – dep quana joldaghan óleni auyl qaza­ghy­nyng jurnalgha tilekshi ekenin kórsetedi. Biraq, búl jurnaldyng ghúmyry úzaq bolghan joq. Bar bolghany ýsh sany ghana jaryq kórdi. Biraq qazaq ruhaniyatynyng tarihynan ózining ornyn oiyp aldy. Elden jyraqta bolghanyna qaramastan, «Temirqazyqtyn» redaksiyasyna Tashkentten, Ombydan, sonday-aq Qazaqstannyng týkpir­týkpirinen: Orynbordan, Qyzyljardan, Kókshetaudan, Kerekuden, Qarqaralydan, Qostanaydan, Ordadan tilektestikke toly hattar legi tolassyz kelip jatqan. Álihan Bókeyhannyng tóniregine qazaqtyng naghyz qayratker әri qalamger azamattary toptasty. Olardyng ishinde, әlbette, qyzmet babyna oray sol tústa KSRO Últ komissariaty janyndaghy Shyghys halyqtary ortalyq baspa basqarmasynyng tóraghasy bolghan ­ Nәzir Tóreqúlov aldymen kózge shalynady. Ol gazetting shygharushysy (bas redaktory) boldy.

Nәzir – tura pikirli, qalamy ótkir publisist. Qazaq tilin kense tiline ainaldyru mәselesi ony qatty tolghandyrghan. Osylaysha «temirqazyqtyqtar» sol dәuirding ózinde-aq әli kýnge deyin bir izge týspey kele jatqan mәselening týiinin tarqatty. Ári ony jay deklarasiya kýiinde qaldyrmay, jurnal betindegi maqalalarynyng astyna aty­jónderin «ov» emes, tek qana «úly» degen ýlgimen jazyp, ózgelerge ónege kórsetti. «Temirqazyq» halyq әdebiyetining bay qazynasynan alynghan júmbaq, joqtau, aitys, t.b. foliklorlyq múra materialdaryn el ishinen jiystyryp, jariyalap otyrdy.

«Temirqazyq» halyq әdebiyetining bay qazynasynan alynghan júmbaq, joqtau, aitys, t.b. foliklorlyq múra materialdaryn el ishinen jiystyryp, jariyalap otyrdy. Búl – el ruhaniyatyna jurnal tarapynan shyn janashyrlyqtyng bir belgisi. Sóitip, Mәskeuding tórinen elge taraghan «Temirqazyq» jurnaly qazaq baspasózining tarihynda ghana emes, onyng qoghamdyq sana soqpaghynyng damuynda da ózgeshe iz qaldyrdy.

«Temirqazyq» jurnalynyng bar joghy ýsh sany shyghyp jabylghany turaly otandyq zertteushiler aitty. «Temirqazyq» jurnalynyng 2-3 sandary, býginde Almaty qalasynda Qújattanu jәne múraghat isi jónindegi ghylymiy-tehnikalyq aqparat ortalyghy siyrek kezdesetin kitaptar men materiyaldar qorynda saqtauly.

Jalpy alghanda, Nәzir Tóreqúlov qazaq baspa isi tarihynda ózindik iz qaldyrghan túlgha.

Baghlan Tashimov 

Abai.kz