Meningokokk infeksiyasynyng (búdan әri - MI) mәselesi ózining ózektiligin joghaltpaydy. Bakteriyalyq meningitterding ishinde MY keng taralu qaupine baylanysty eng manyzdy bolyp tabylady, ol meningitke shaldyqqan aumaqtarda ghana emes, kórshi elderde de kýrdeli epiydemiyalyq jaghdaydy tudyrady. Syrqattanushylyq barlyq jastaghy adamdarda tirkeledi, kóbinese mektep jasyna deyingi balalar arasynda.

Respublika boyynsha uaqtyly esepke alu jәne tirkeu ýshin túraqty negizde meningittermen, onyng ishinde serozdy meningitter jәne meningokokk infeksiyasymen syrqattanushylyqtyng apta sayynghy monitoringi jýrgiziledi.

Aghymdaghy jyldyng basynan bastap respublika boyynsha MIY-ning 50 rastalghan jaghdayy tirkeldi, onyng ishinde 14 jasqa deyingi balalar 36 (72%) jaghdaydy qúrady. Onyng ishinde 3 (6%) jaghday ólimimen ayaqtaldy. Ótken jylmen salystyrghanda respublikada MIY-sy 2,6 esege óskeni bayqalady.

Syrqattanushylyqtyng eng joghary kórsetkishi jas balalar arasynda bayqalady, syrqattanghandardyng 38%-y 1-4 jastaghy balalar, 14% - y 1 jasqa deyingi balalar, 12% -y 5-7 jastaghy balalar, 8% - y 8-14 jastaghy balalar, 16% - y 15-19 jastaghy jasóspirimder jәne tek 12% - y eresekter arasynda tirkeldi.

MY sikldik jәne mausymdyq sipatqa iye, aurudyng sikldik ósui әr 4-6 jylda qaytalanady. Qazaqstanda MY syrqattanushylyghynyng songhy ósui 2018 jyly bayqaldy, 2023 jyldyng sonynan bastap syrqattanushylyqtyng birtindep ósui bayqaldy.

Sonday-aq, MIY-men syrqattanushylyqtyng ósuine mausymdyq sebep boluy mýmkin dep boljaugha bolady, qys-kóktem mezgilinde múryn-jútqynshaq shyryshty qabyghynyng tózimdiligining tómendeuimen, tynys alu joldarynyng virustyq aurularynyng joghary jiyiligine, aua temperaturasynyng auytquyna jәne ylghaldylyqtyng jogharylauyna, suyq mezgilde ýi-jaylardaghy adamdardyng kóp shoghyrlanuyna, sonday-aq halyqtyng immuniytetining tómendeuine baylanysty.

Meningokokk infeksiyasy - bakteriyalar tudyratyn jiti infeksiyalyq auru, әrtýrli klinikalyq kórinistermen - simptomsyz tasymaldaudan, nazofaringitten (múryn men jútqynshaqtyng shyryshty qabatynyng qabynuy), meningitten (my qabyqtarynyng qabynuy) jәne meningokokk sepsiysinen (qannyng zaqymdanuy) tuyndaydy. Infeksiya kózi auru adam jәne meningokokkty tasymaldaushylar, yaghny qanday da bir klinikalyq belgileri joq adamdar boluy mýmkin, biraq olar meningokokkty tasymaldaushylar bolyp tabylady. MIY-men syrqattanushylyq - qysqy jәne kóktemgi kezenderde mausymdylyqpen sipattalady.

Ádette inkubasiyalyq kezeng tórt kýnge sozylady, biraq 2-den 10 kýnge deyin ózgerui mýmkin.

MY aua tamshylary arqyly beriledi-jótelu, týshkiru, sóilesu, tyghyz jәne úzaq qarym-qatynas arqyly.

Negizgi klinikalyq kórinisterge mynalar jatady: jalpy әlsizdik, dene qyzuynyng kýrt 39,00S deyin jәne odan joghary kóterilui, bas auruy, jýrek ainuy jәne qúsu, gemorragiyalyq bórtpe, jelke kerneui, tynys aludyng búzyluy, tejelu, sananyng shatasuy.

Meningokokk infeksiyasynyng aldyn aluynyng negizgi sharalary:

• jeke gigiyena erejelerin saqtau, qoldy juu, balanyng kóshede auyzgha eshnәrse salmauyn qadaghalau;
• ashyq auada kóbirek seruendeu úsynylady, qoghamdyq kólikte jýruden aulaq bolu;
• vitaminderge jәne mikroelementterge bay, tolyq jәne ýilesimdi tamaqtanu, sportpen shúghyldanu, organizmdi shynyqtyru immuniytetting jogharylauyna yqpal etedi;
• qozdyrghysh syrtqy ortada túraqsyz bolghandyqtan, joghary jәne tómen temperaturada, ulitrakýlgin sәulelerding әserinen tez óledi. Sondyqtan ýi-jaylardy jii jeldetu, insolyasiyalau (kýn sәulesi paydalanylady), ýi-jaylardy ylghaldy jinau aurudyng aldyn alu ýshin pәrmendi qúral boluy mýmkin;
• auyrmau jәne ainaladaghy adamdargha júqtyrmau ýshin múryn-jútqynshaqtyng jiti jәne sozylmaly aurularyn – faringiyt, tonziliyt, laringitti uaqtyly emdeu kerek;
• meningokokk infeksiyasyna tәn alghashqy simptomdar payda bolghan jaghdayda dereu "jedel jәrdem" shaqyru kerek jәne auyrghan adamdy tez auruhanagha jetkizu qajet, óz betimen emdeuge bolmaydy.

MY syrqattanushylyghynyng joghary qaupin, kenetten bastaluyn jәne auyrlyghyn eskere otyryp, alghashqy belgilerde medisinalyq kómekke jýginu kerek, sәtti emdelu nәtiyjeleri men aurudyng qolayly nәtiyjesi osyghan baylanysty bolady.

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