(Osy tarihy oqighanyng 70 jyldyghyna arnalady)

Qazaq jerining shyghysyndaghy Tarbaghatay jeri de tarihtyng targhalang jyldarynda bóliske týsip, jarymy qazirgi Qytay jerinde qalghany belgili. Osy qasiyetti topyraq ejelden atam qazaqtyng qútty qonysy bolyp kelgen edi, osy Tarbaghataydyng arghy betinde (1944-1962) jyldargha deyin týrli tarihi, sayasy oqighalar bolyp jatty, ishinde eng kórnektisi 1944-1947 jyldar aralyghynda bolghan últ-azattyq kýrester edi. Desede osy kýrester bolghan qazaqtyng tórt aimaghynyng ekeuinde yaghny Altay men Ilede bolghan últ-azattyq kýresteri turaly kóp aitylyp ta jazylyp ta keledi, biraq Tarbaghatay jerinde bolghan kýrester aitylmay keledi, bolghan tarih tasada qalmau kerek, endeshe Tarbaghataydaghy oqighalar qalay boldy? Kimder qozghalys bastady? Sony nemen ayaqtaldy? Osy saualdargha tarihy derektermen sol oqighagha qatysqan kuagerlerding estelikteri , tarihy kartinalar arqyly jauap berudi jón kórdik. Óitkeni osy oqighalardy tek Qytaydaghy Tarbaghatay qazaqtarynyng tarihy dep qaraugha bolmaydy, sebebi 1931-1962 jyldargha deyin arnayy tapsyrmamen Tarbaghataygha barghan jýzdegen Kenestik qazaq azamattary boldy, 1955-1962 jyldary Tarbaghataydan 60 mynnan astam qazaq beri kóshti, olardyng Qazaqstandaghy úrpaqtarynyng úzyn sanyda 600 mynnan әlde qayda asyp ketkeni belgili, sonymen birge Kenester odaghy KGB generaly Beliyanyng Almatyda túryp basshylyq etken «Shyghys Týrkistan operasiyasy» qimylyna 3000-10000 gha deyin Orta Aziyalyq qazaq, ózbek, qyrghyz, úighyr, orys, tatar әskerleri at salysty. Tipti l qatarda Mongholiyadaghy qazaqtarda bar.

Tarbaghatay ejelden qazaq jeri!

Tarbaghatay jerin әuelde saqtar, onan ghúndar men teleler(oghyzdar), týrikter, týrgeshter, qarlyqtar, naymandar, kereyler mekendep kelgen. Shynghys qaghannyng imperiyasy ornaghan kezde onyng múrageri Ógeday qaghannyng ordasy da osy tarlan Tarbaghataydyng Emil boyynda boldy, onan keyingi qaghan Kýiik Sauyr tauyn, Manyraqty jәilaghan. Bastysy Tarbaghatay jerining malgha asa jәili boluymen baylanysty ekeninde kýmәn joq! Keyingi Mogholstan memleketining de qúramyna osy Tarbaghatay men Altay, Ile, Sanjy (Besbalyq), Barkól kirgen. Ol turaly Múhammed Haydar Dulaty ózining әigili «Tarihy Rashidi» enbeginde bylay deydi: «Mogholstan shyghysta qalmaq jerlerimen(oyrattarmen) Barkól, Ertis, Emil arqyly shektesedi» - deydi. Mogholstanda deni úly jýzding basty rulary (Dulat, qanly, jalayyr t.b ) men orta jýzge tәn key rular (kerey, nayman, merkit, kýrleuit) mekendegen. Desede osynau qasiyetti mekendi  15-16 ghasyrlardaghy tolassyz soghystardan keyin oirattar iyelep aldy. Demek 1756 jyly jonghar memleketi qúlaghannan keyin osy mekenge qazaqtar at basyn búryp jappay orala bastaghan. Abylay han ózining manchjur imperatoryna jazghan hatynda: « Tarbaghatay ejelden ata qonysymyz edi, ony bizderge qaytaryp bersenizder eken» - dep anyq aitqan. 1771 jyldan keyin qazaqtardyng kóshi arqyly osy jerlerdegi oirattar san jaghynan yryqsyz oryngha týsip kishigirim qaqtyghystardan song shyghysqa qaray yghysa bergen. Altay óniri men Sauyr tauyna kereyler, Tarbaghataygha naymandar, Ilege úly jýz rulary ornalasty. 1864-1883 jyldardaghy Resey men Sini imperiyasy arasyndaghy shegara kelisimderinen keyin ózge aimaqtar siyaqty Tarbaghatay da ekige bólindi. Zaysan, Kókpekti, Katonqaraghaydy jәilaghan abaq kereyler deni Sinige qarasty jerlerge kóshken, olar 5000 nan astam týtin edi, olar Altaygha simaytyn bolghandyqtan jappay Tәnirtaudyng Erenqabyrgha, Boghda taularyna, Barkólge kóshti, taghy bir bólimi Tarbaghataydyng Mayly, Jәiir, Barlyq taularyna kelip qonystandy. Iledegi elden 20000 qazaq Reseyge qarasty jerlerge kóshken(alban, suan rulary) song olardan bosap qalghan jerlerge naymannyng qyzay ruy kelip ornalasqan.  1883-jyly Shynjang provinsiya bolyp qúryldy da Tarbaghatay oghan qarasty bir aimaq bolyp qaldyda ondaghy qazaqtar sany 30 mynnan asyp tórt ýkirday(bolys) el boldy. Tarbaghatay tauy manyndaghy dórtuil eli bir ýkirday, Orqashar tauyn mekendegen bayjigit rulary bir ýkirday, Barlyq tauynyng batys qaptalyn mekendegen mәnbetter(bayjigitting bir ruy) bir ýkirday, Mayly-Jәiirdi mekendegen kereyler bir ýkirday, taghy Jәiirding teristiginde 300 ýiden asa uaqtar eki zәngi boldy.

1897-jylghy Shәueshek bazary.

1912-jyly Sini imperiyasy qúlaghannan keyin qytay millitaristerining biyligi ornady. 1933 jyldan bastap Tarbaghatay jerinde audandyq ýkimetter ornap auyl kólemindey Dórbiljin, Qobyq, Shәueshek(18-ghasyrdyng ortasynan beri bar), Shaghantoghay audandary ornady. Ol kezde Shihu men Sauan Ýrimji aimaghyna qarasa, Toly audany әli qúrylmaghan bolatyn.

1883-1944 aralyghynda Tarbaghataydaghy elde asa ýlken ózgeris bolmady, el ósip irgesi beky týsti. 1883-jylmen salystyrghanda halyq sany 3 esedey artty, oghan taghy 1916-1933 jyldary kenestik jýiedegi soghys, asharshylyq, qughyn-sýrginnen aughan qazaqtar qosylyp 1944- jyly qazaq sany 100 mynnan asty.

Tarbaghataydaghy últ-azattyq kýresting tuyndauy

1934-1944 jyldardaghy Shynjannyng dara biyleushisi ShynShysaydyng ozbyr sayasaty býkil Shynjang halqyn kýizeliske úshyratty. 1931-1938 jyldary Barkól ónirindegi qazaqtardyng kýresi bolyp, oghan Mongholiya arqyly kenester odaghy da әsker kirgizip basyp-janshugha әshkere at salysty, osynyng saldarynan әlemge әigili «Tiybet asqan qazaq kóshi» tragediyasy bastaldy, Barkólden aughan 20 mynnan astam qazaqtyng jarymynan kóbi qytay, dúnghan әskerlerimen soghysta oqqa úshty nemese qyrghandaldy, birazy tiybetting ysynan qaza tapsa, mynnan asa adam Ýndistandaghy qapyryq ystyq pen obadan kóz júmdy. Osylardyng arasynda Tarbaghataydan Barkólge barghan Dildәbay (nayman teristanbaly ruynan 1883-jyly barghan) men Shaqpaqbay (1930 jyly barghan, Shaqpaqbay uaq ruynan, Zuqa batyrdy óte pir tútqan adam, 1929 jyly Zuqa batyr qastandyqpen óltirilgennen keyin ýmit ýzip Barkólge Zuqanyng úly Súltanshәripke qosylghan) elderide bar edi.

Bir bólim el qonys tapshylyghy men Tarbaghataydaghy Qytay úlyqtarymen shyghysa almay Erenqabyrgha tauyna kóshuge mәjbýr bolghan. Erenqabyrgha tauy ornalasqan Usu(Shihu qalasy)men Sauan audany Ýrimji aimaghyna qarady. Osy ónirge 1870-1890 jyldargha deyin Shyghys Qazaqstannyng Jarma audanynda, Zaysan audanynda túratyn ataqty kerey Er Jәnibek batyrdyng úrpaqtary men rulastarynan neshe jýz ýy auyp (Jәntekeyding jәilau, sary, esdәulet rulary) kelip mekendegen bolatyn, ol ónirge taghy Mayly tauynan 1919-jyly Týsip Bozanúly bastaghan 300 ýiden asa qazaqtar(Barqy, qaraqas rulary) kelse, 1935 jyly Mayly-Jәiirdan Qaliybek rayymbekúly bastaghan qazaqtar auyp keldi.

Osy Qaliybek Rayymbekúlynyng balasy Qasen Ór Altay ózining «Elim-aylap ótken ómir» atty tarihy esteliginde bylay deydi: «Men 1933-jyly Jәiirda tuylyppyn, әkem 1935-jyly Tarbaghataydaghy qytay úlyqtaryna jaqpaghandyqtan auyp Erenqabyrghagha barghan. 1936-jyly sol Erenqabyrghada Jýnis qajy bas bolyp «Últty qorghau úiymy» qúrylghan. Jýnis qajy bastyq bolyp, Qaliybek orynbasary bolghan. Olardyng maqsaty Taklamakan shólinen ótip Pәkistangha jetudi kózdegen әri oghan dayarlyqta kórgen, biraq el ishindegi jansyzdardyng kesirinen búl jospar sezilip qalyp Qaliybekke million som qytay aqshasy aiyppúl salynghan». Búghan qaraghanda Elisqan bastaghan elding Pәkistangha kóshuimen Shynjannyng ózge ónirindegi qazaqtardynda baylanysy barlyghy andalady, әriyne Barkól eli 1883-jyldan bastap aughan Altay qazaqtary, 1934-jyly Elisqan әkesi Álipke as bergende jer-jerdegi qazaqtargha shaqyrtu jiberip asta ashyq týrde Shyng Shysaygha qarsy soghysudy dәriptegen.

Elisqan Álipúly

1938-jyldyng sonynda Barkól elining deni Gansu, Sinhaygha kóshti de, 1939-jyldan bastap tútas Shynjandaghy el basylary jappay tútqyndaldy. Altaydan Shәripqan tóre, Búqat beysi, Qalel tәiji bastaghan 40 tan asa adam, Ileden Áuelqan tóre, Mahsút bastaghan otyzdan astam adam qolgha alyndy. Osylardyng qatarynda Tarbaghataydaghy tórt ýkirday(Omar, Qanaghat, Tanghyt t.b) taghyda basqa rubasylar mysaly Uәiis zәngi qolgha alyndy. Ábdesh ilgidayda jolda bara jatyp saqshydaghy kýieu balasy Sansyzbay IYis úlynyng jetkizgen habaryn alyp barmay qalady. Erenqabyrgha elinen Ojaubay, Jýnis qajy, Múhametjan molla, Qaliybekterde qolgha alyndy. Osylardyng ishinde Omar ýkirday, Jýnis qajy, Ojaubay qatarly adamdar týrmede óltirildi. Omar ýkirdaydyng týrmede jazghan mynaday óleni bizge jetip otyr:

«Esekti jylqy eken dep maldanyppyz,

Ókil degen sózine aldanyppyz,

Jatyrmyz tas týrmede zindan jәilap,

Ishte kek, boyda qayrat qyj-qyj qaynap.

Dәrmen joq búlqynugha amal neshik,

Qol-ayaq shynjyr arqan shandyp baylap.

Úiqysyz, ne kýlkisiz kýni týni,

Zaryghyp arttaghy el men jerdi oilap.

Jatyr-au bala-shagha, auyl-aymaq,

Qozdanyp shala janghan ottay jәinap.

Búl zaman qara týnek basqan zaman,

Baq-dәulet basymyzdan qashqan zaman.

Bezinip ata qonys qara júrttan,

Bireudi-bireu andyp ybyr-sybyr.

Ótirik ósek gulep asqan zaman,

Bolar ek tórteu týgel bir tóbede,

Qútylsaq búl pәleden esen-aman».

Omar Raqyshúly

Omar Raqysh úly kerey eline 1935-1941 jyldary ýkirday bolghan(17 mynnan astam adam), el ishine alty janasha mektep ashyp eldi sauattandyrugha ýlken ýles qosqan edi. Oghan 1941-jyly shygharylghan ýkim: «Altaydaghy Shәripqanmen (ekeui atalas tuys) astasyp Sovet odaghymen kontrabanda jýrgizip kommunizmdi ýgittegen, shegeradan jasyryn qaru jaraq kirgizip eldi qarulandyryp kerey azamattaryn ýkimetti audarugha jeliktirdi, Sauandaghy Shómishbaymen( Qamza  Úshar úlynyng әkesi) astasyp el býldirdi...»- bolghan eken. Búghan qaraghanda Mayly-Jәiir elinde de qytay biyligine qarsy qozghalys dayyndyghy bolghany bayqalady. ShynShysay biyligi dәuirende jer-jerde tútqyndalghan qazaq, úighyrlar jane ózge últtar sany neshe jýz myngha jetip 70-80 myny óltirilgen. Onyng ishinde Kenester odaghynan bas saughalap kelgen alash ziyalylaryda kóp bolghan, olardy anyqtau, tergeuge Kenester odaghynan kelgen KGB jansyzdary júmys istedi.

1939-jyldyng sony jappay qazaqtardan qaru jinau nauqanymen de әigili boldy. 1934-1941 jyldary ShynShysay Kenester odaghymen dostyq sayasat jýrgizdi(is jýzinde  sovetting bir provinsiyasy bolyp qaldy), ol uaqytta kóptegen janasha mektepter ashylyp sauattylyq artty, kóptegen Tarbaghatay qazaqtary Almaty, Tashkent qalalarynda oqydy. Kóptegen kender ashylyp(sonyng biri Maytau múnay keni), tas joldar salyndy, pochta, telegraf jelileri qúryldy, qazaq tilinde gazet jurnaldar jaryq kórdi.

1934-1944 Shynjang gubernatory - Shyng Shysay.

Osy barysta Kenester odaghynyng ekonomikalyq yqpaly artyp, kenestik tovarlargha iyek artu qúbylysy jappay kózge shalyndy. Oqu-aghartu arqyly ashyq oily, ziyaly qazaq azamattary jetilip shyqty. Búlay boluyna Qazaqstannan kelgen azamattardyng әsirese «Alash orda» ziyalylarynyng yqpalynda basa aita ketuge tura keledi, sonyng biri retinde «Shúbartau kóterilisi» kezinde aughan ziyaly azamattardyng biri Nәriman Jabaghytay úly jәne Ospan batyrdyng kenesshisi Ghabbas mýftiydi aitugha bolady.

1940-jyly ShynShysay әskerining zorlyghymen qorlyghyna shydamaghan Altay qazaqtary Esimqan, Yrysqan, Ospan batyrlardyng bastauynda kóterilis jasady. Jeti aigha sozylghan soghys arqyly Qytay ýkimetimen kelissózge qol jetkizip uaqytsha toqtady. Biraq arada kóp ótpey Qalel Tәiji, Sýleymen batyr bastap qazaqtar taghyda kóterilis jasady, óitkeni kelissózdegi sharttardyng deni ayaqsyz qalyp adam ústau qayta bastalghan edi. Búl kóterilis jeniske jetpeginimen sónip qalmady, Ospan batyr ony batyl jalghastyryp 1944-jyly biyik órege kóterdi, 1945-jyly kýzde «Altay qazaqtarynyng tónkeristik uaqytsha ýkimeti» in qúryp Kóktoghay, Shingil audandaryn aldy, búl qozghalysqa Mongholiya kómek berip 300 den asa qaruly qazaq(búlardy Qalqabay Oryn úly, Qabilar bastap kelgen) taghy mynnan astam týrli qarular berdi.

1944-jyldyng tamyz aiynda Ilening Nylqy dep atalatyn tauly audanynda Ákbar Esbosynúly, Seyt Kórpebayúly bastaghan qaruly top payda bolyp 800 adamnan astyda bir mezet audan qalashyghyn basyp aldy.

Osy uaqyttarda 1941-1944 jyldary Tarbaghatay ónirinde taghyda kóptegen azamattar qolgha alyndy, solardyng qatarynda jazushy Qajyghúmar Shabdan úly, etnograf Jaghda Babalyq úly, Balqash Bapin da bar edi. Shәueshek qalasynda Dubek Shalghynbay úly bastaghan qazaq azamattary «Jauynger gruppa» qúrdy, onyng kóbi Shәueshektegi gimnaziya oqushylary edi. Olar Tarbaghataydyng jer-jerinde últ-azattyqqa ýgitteytin kóptegen әreketter jasady, desede úiymnyng kóp mýsheleri qytay ýkimeti jaghynan qolgha alyndy.

Kenester odaghynda tóteshe jazumen shyqqan «Qazaq eli» jurnaly. Ýsh aimaqqa keng taraghan últtyq oyanugha ýles qosqan jurnaly bolghan.

Aymaq turaly:

Tarbaghatay aimaghyna ol kezde Shәueshek, Dórbiljin, Shaghantoghay, Qobyq tórt audan qaraghan(Shihu men Sauan 1945-jyly qosyldy). Halyq sany 170 mynday bolyp, onyng 100 mynnan artyghyn qazaq ústaytyn. Ózge monghol 20 myn, qytay 26-27 myn,  úighyr 10 mynday bolghan, onan ózge orys, tatar, dúnghan, daghúr últtary bolghan.(Ýsh aimaq tónkerisi tarihy. 141-bet.  Últtar baspasy. Pekiyn. 2000 j.).

Qazirgi Tarbaghataya aimaghy.

Mayly tauyndaghy azattyq kýres

Tarbaghatay aimaghyndaghy últ-azattyq kýres eki jerde payda boldy: biri Mayly tauynda, endi biri Erenqabyrgha tauynda tútandy.

Mayly partizandary turaly derekterde bylay delingen:

«Tarbaghatay aimaghynyng batys ontýstik ónirindegi tauly  rayondarda qazaq malshylary partizandar otriyadyn úiymdastyryp, Búrataladaghy Monghol atty әskerler batalionynyng kómegimen olar 200 adamgha kóbeyip Shaghantoghaydyng Úzynbúlaq degen jerinde gomindang әskery bólimderimen soghysty. 6-aydyng 16-kýni olar 300 adamgha kóbeyip «Mayly partizandar otriyady» bolyp qúrylyp Núrsapa Seytjanúly mer Qaly Qizamadenúly jauapty boldy. Olar Toly,Shaghantoghay ónirinde belsendi qimyl jasap gomindang әskerleri men saqshylaryna soqqy berdi» (Ýsh aimaq tónkerisi tarihy.142-143 bet. Últtar baspasy. Pekiyn. 2000j).

Surette: Núrsapa Seytjanúly, Qaly Qizamadenúly.

Osy ýsh aimaqtaghy últ-azattyq kýresting kuәgeri әri qatardaghy jauyngeri bolghan Qojay Doqasúly ózining «Otqa oranghan jyldar» kitabynda Mayly partizandary turaly bylay mәlimet keltiredi:

«Gomindangha qarsy oqty túnghysh ret Altayda Esimqan, Nylqynyng Lastay tauynda Ákbar Esbosyn úly, Erenqabyrghada Núrpay, Mayly-Jәiirda Baykenje, Núrsapa Seytjandar atty…Besinshi ýlken top Toly partizandary Núrsapa, Qaysa, Baykenjeler bastaghan 200 adam».(«Otqa oranghan jyldar». Qojay Doqas úly. 6-8 better.Últtar baspasy. Pekiyn.  2001)

Ospannyng batyry bolghan Núrghojay óz esteliginde bylay deydi:« Tarbaghatay qozghalysynda Qaliybek tobyn basshylyqqa aldyq, Núrsapa batyr jayynda da estigen edim, biraq búlardy әngimelemedim, ýitkeni qozghalys basshysy Qaliybek әli tiri bolghandyqtan ol turaly ózi aita jatar…».

Maylyda kýres endi bastalghan kezde Ile óniri negizinen azat bolghan edi, Ilening shyghys audandary qazaqty negiz etken audandar bolyp, osy audandaghy malshylargha «On myng at» salyghy týsken bolatyn, búl Nylqy kóterilisine әkelip soqqan bilte boldy. Qazaqty negiz etken, qosymsha úighyr, monghol, orystarda bar partizandar barghan sayyn kýsheydi, olardy basu ýshin Qúlja qalasyndaghy qytay әskerining kóbin shyghystaghy taulargha jiberip bastyqtyru kerek boldy, osy kezde Qúljadaghy qytay әskeri azayghan qolayly sәtti paydalanghan Kenes jansyzdary shegaradan myndap ótip búqarasha kiyinip Qúljagha kirdi. Olar Nylqydaghy partizandardy kómekke shaqyrdy, partizandar bir bóligi jaudy ainaldyra túrugha qaldyryp negizgi bóligi jasyryn týrde Qúljagha attandy. Búl strategiyany Almatydaghy Beliya basqardy, Qúlja shayqasynda Kenestik әskerlerge(negizi   orystar men tatarlar) Aleksandrov qolbasshylyq etti. Qala alyndy, biraq qazaq partizan qolbasylary Ákbar men Seyt birdey qaza boldy.

Ákbar Esbosynúly

Almatyda aldyn ala dayyndalghan «Shyghys Týrkistan respublikasy» ertesi-aq Qúljada qúrylyp Álihan tóre degen ózbek preziydent bolyp shygha keldi, ýkimette 16 jora bolyp tek Ábilqayyr tóre ghana qazaq boldy, 8 jora úighyrdan qoyyldy. búl 12.11.1944 jyly bolghan oqigha edi. Ilede 450myng halyqtyng qaq jarymy qazaq bolghanyna, Iledegi jerlik qaruly kýshtinde kóbi qazaq bolghanyna qaramastan Kenester odaghynyng kýshimen qazaq jerine qazaqtyng kýshimen qazaq emes quyrshaq ýkimet ornady.

KGB generaly Beliya, Shyghys Týrkistan operasiyasynyng bas qolbasshysy.

Qúljada Shyghys Týrkistan respublikasynyng qúrylu salty.

ShTR-dyng is jýzindik basshysy Iganov.

ShTR preziydenti Álihan tóre(ózbek).

Tarbaghataydaghy kólemi ýlkenirek azattyq qozghalystyng Mayly tauynda bastaluynyng birneshe sebepteri bar:

1. Mayly tauy shet rayon, qala-qalashyqtardan alys, әri tauly, adyrly bolyp jer jaghdayy kýrdeli. Toly audanyna qaraghanymen ol kezde Toly audany qúrylmaghan bolyp Dórbiljin audanyna qaraghan, Dórbiljin qalashyghy tym alysta, әskerler kelgenimen jer syryn bilmeydi.
2. Maylynyng bir sheti Qazaqstanmen tiyip jatady, ol shegarada Kenesting Qyzylqayyng shegara qarauyly bar. Kenester odaghy ol kezde Iledegi últ-azattyq qozghalysty bar kýshpen qoldap jatqan kez, Mayly taudaghy qazaqtargha osy qarauyl arqyly qaru jetkizip otyrdy.
3. Maylydaghy jәntekey ruynyng batyry kóben Múqyúlynan bastap osyndaghy elding 80 nen asa azamaty Manchjur imperiyasy kezinde shekara kýzetetin jasaq qataryna alynghan. 1920-1933 jyldaryda qytay ýkimeti osy shekara jasaqtaryn saqtap qalyp kóbenning úly Sәlimjangha 80 qaruly azamatty qarulandyryp әsker qatarynda ústauyna erik bergen, sol ýshin 1939-1944 ke deyin ol әskerlerding qaruy jiyp alynghanymen jasyryp qalghan qarular bar, myltyq ata alatyn azamattar kóp boldy.
4. Maylynyng ontýstigi Búratalamen shektesedi, ol kezde Búratala Ilege qaraytyn, Iledegi qozghalys jenisterge jetip Búratalada qytay әskeri az bolghandyqtan qaruly qozghalysqa qolayly boldy.
5. Maylynyng jan jaghynda Tәnirtau men Barlyqtyng qiyn shatqaldary bar, ontýstigi men shyghysynda Jonghar jazyghy bolyp ang kóp bolady, ondaghy azamattarda ang atugha mashyqqan mergen jigitter kóp boldy.

Maylydaghy últ-azattyq kýres turaly osy kýresting kuәgeri әri qatysushysy Aytqazy Týitekúly «Mayly partizandary» degen tarihy derekti esse jazghan, negizi oqigha barysyn osy shygharmadaghy derekter boyynsha berudi jón kórdik.

Osynday tiyimdilikterding arqasynda 1944-jyldyng sonynda Mayly eli kóteliiske shygha bastady, alghashqy әreketti jәntekeyding atantay ruynyng azamattary bastady, olar Ábilmәjin Serikbayúly, Ahymetqan Esbay úly(molqy), Qamal, Qabyshan bastaghan top edi, olar ashyq qaruly top qúryp shegaragha jaqyn qiyn jerlerge baryp әskery mashyq ótkizedi, Qyzylqayyng arqyly jylqy ótkizip qaru satyp alady. Keyin jansyzdardyng syrdy ashyp qongyna baylanysty top mýsheleri jappay qughyndalyp qolgha týsedi, olardyng ýi-ishin Shәueshekke aparyp qamaydy, aqyry kóp azamattar amalsyz elge qaytady, Qamal, Qabyshandar Shәueshekke aparylyp tergelip Ýrimjige apara jatqan jolda olar qulyqtaryn asyryp ózderin aidap kele jatqan әskerlerdi baylap, qaruyn tartyp alyp qashyp ketedi. Ábilmәjindi ailamen qolgha týsirgen qytay әskeri Ýrimjige aidap aparyp keskilep óltiredi. Onyng ústalghany bir aptadan keyin belgili bolghandyqtan arttan qughandar jete almay elge qaytyp keledi.

Ábilmәjin bastaghan top әreketi sәtsiz bolghanymen kýres toqtap qalmady, kýresti endi Jәntekeyding barqy ruynyng azamaty Núrsapa Seyitjan úly bastady. Núrsapa Mayly , Jәiir, Barlyq taularyn mekendegen kerey, nayman, uaq azamattarynyng sorpa betine shygharlaryn iriktep әr rugha birden basshy saylap jasyryn top qúrady, osy top jetekshileri myna azamattar eken:

1 top . Barqy –jantas, bastyq –Núrsapa, orynbasary-Jaqypjan, Bilәl, jer aty –Qarashoqy.

2 top. Atantay ruy, Bastyq Qaseyin qajy, Shettikbay batyr, Ahymetqan(molqy), jer aty- Aqsay.

3 top. Qaraqas ruy, Basshy Qaly Qizamadenúly, Músajan Asan, jer aty- Dýisenbay dýrin.

4 top. Nayman teristanbaly, úly jýz shanyshqyly. Bastyq- Aqpanbek, Manap, Núrmúhamet, Áushey. Jer aty-Suyr aitaq sayy.

5 top. Barqy, aqsary(ashamayly kerey), bastyq-Qaysa batyr, jer aty- Aqqoytas.

6 top. Jәdik, bastyq- Majan, Bodambay, Ýrkenbay, jer aty- Tanbaly.

7 top. Sherushi, Bastyq – Ahat Kәribay, Dolda, Júmatay, jer aty –Qarakemer, Aqtúmsyq.

8 top. Jastaban, bastyqtary-Kókebay, Qydyrmolla, Qúdaybergen. Jer aty- Qara adyr.

9 top. Botaqara, bastyghy- Múqay, Qanapiya, Túrsynbay. Jer aty-Ángirti.

10 top, esirgep, barqy-bógenbay, bastyghy- Shaldan, Ghalymghazy, jer aty- Shalghay.

11 top, atantay, shybarayghyr. Bastyghy-Botay Ybyray úly, Aytan, Bazarbek, jer aty- Kópsýiek.

12 top, merkit, bastyghy- Qaly Shora úly, jer aty-Asha tolaghay.

13 top. Jana uaq, bastyghy- Qiyarstan, jer aty-Aqtas, Arshaty.(Núrsapa Seytjan úly. Úrpaghyma. 69-70 bet. Forma plus baspasy. Qaraghandy. 2019j)

Osy auqymdy top barlyghy birigip tútas qimylday almady, 1944- jyly Shyng Shysay biylikten ketip orynyna U Júnshin keldi, ol bir bólim adamdardy týrmeden bosatyp, eldi aldaugha kiristi, ýgitshiler otriyadyn elge jiberip astyq, kezdeme, shay taratty. Sonymen qatar Dórbiljinge jaqyn Jәiir tauyndaghy el arasyna әsker , saqshy jiberdi. Taghy Maylydaghy eldi Jәiirgha kóshuin, simaghandar Orqashargha kelip jәilauin búiyrdy, osyghan oray el ekige jaryldy, sherushi, tóre rulary negizinen taghy bir bólim uaqtar, ózge rulardanda aitalyq jantastardyng da birazy Jәiirda qalugha mәjbýr boldy, al jastaban ruy týgeldey, atantay ruy 1/3 i Barlyq tauynda qaldy, desede Maylygha kóshkender sany qalghan eki taudan kóp boldy, búl ondaghy elding qytay ýkimetinen týbegeyli bet búrghandyghynyng belgisi edi. Olar tynysh jatpay Altay men Iledegi qozghalystar turyly habarlar alyp túrady.

Soghys oty tútandy

Qytay ýkimetinen irge aiyrghannan keyin Maylydaghy el qiyndyqpen qysty ótkizdide 1945-jyly kóktemde resimy soghys bastady, Qaysa batyr, Músajandardy Ilede ornyqqan «Shyghys Týrkistan» ýkimetinen kómek súraugha attardyrdy, osydan kóp ótpey Kenestik әskery aqylshy Baykenje Oraqúly Maylygha keldi. Sonymen qatar kóterilisshiler Qyzylqayyng shegara beketindegi Kenes azamaty Sansyzbay IYisúly arqyly qaru aldyrady. Sansyzbay alghash barghan azamattargha 8 germanka berip qaytarady әri olargha: «Kerey elding serkesi»- deushi edi, serkelikterindi kórsetip  Tarbaghatay elin azattyqqa bastandar!- dep sәlem aitady. Búl Sansyzbay 1932-1933 jyldary Kenester odaghynyng arnayy qyzymetimen Shynjandaghy qazaqtargha jiberilgen  tórt týiindi adamnyng biri edi, Ilege Fatih barsa, Barkólge Abay barghan edi. Sansyzbay Maylydaghy tórt myqty әuletting biri Kәribay auylynyng qyzy – Qapipagha ýilen edi, sonymen qatar Núrsapalarda osy Sansyzbay auyly bayghanalarmen  qúdandaly bolghan. Tarbaghatay el basylarynng az qolgha alynuynada osy Sansyzbay әser etken, ony jogharyda óz qaynaghasy Ábdeshke  jasyryn sәlem aittyryp: « Ýrimjige barmasyn, barsa qaytpaytyn qaterli sapar!»- dep eskertuinen bayqaugha bolady, ol 1941 ge deyin Tarbaghatay aimaqtyq saqshyda istegen(ol ghana emes ózgede  kóptegen kenestik azamattar bolghan), 1941-jyly Shyng Shysay Kenester odaghymen at kekilin kesisip, Kenes azamattaryn qughynday bastaghanda jasyryn qaytyp ketedide, 1945- jyly Tarbaghatay tútas azat bolghanda aimaqtyq ishki isterding orynbasary bolady. Demek osy qozghalysqa Kenester odaghy qoldau bildirgen, Sansyzbay Shәueshek giminaziyasyndaghy oqushylardyda attanysqa keltiruge adam jiberedi, tuystaryn jasyryn Dórbiljin eline jiberip kóteriliske adam tarta bastaydy.

Sansyzbay IYisúly

Aqyry kóterilisshiler bas qosyp kókqasqa taygha bata jasap qoldaryn qangha batyryp sert beredi, top bastyghy Núrsapa Seyitjanúly , orynbasary Qaly Qizamadenúly, atoyshy 70 jastaghy Shettikbay batyr bolady.

Shajydagha atys. Mayly tauynyng ontýstik jaghynda ornalasqan  Shajy degen jerde Gomindang qytay ýkimetining polisiya shtabi bolyp 50 den asa әsker túratyn, kóterilisshiler soghysty osylarmen qaqtyghysu arqyly bastady. Kóterilisshiler jalghannan hal súraghan bolyp әskerlerge qoy әkelip olardyng jәiin barlap qaytady. Kelesi kýni osy mandy 100 den asa kóterilisshi qorshap alady, olargha Núrsapa basshy bolady. Aldymen kesh bata shtaptyng janynan aghyp ótetin ózenge ótirik su almaq bolyp eki myqty azamat kelip eki jau әskerin úryp jyghyp qaruyn tartyp aladyda atys sodan bastalady, kóterilisshilerde qaru sany 20 dan aspaydy, ony Núrsapa Álibek, Qaly siyaqty mergen azamattargha ýlestirip beredi, Shettikbay qaratamaq nayza alsa, ózge azamattar shoqparmen qarulanady.  Atys týn boyy jalghasady, tang ata jau jaqtyng myltyq ýni óshedi, sýitse qulyghyn asyrghan jau әskeri ózen suy arqyly birtindep , týnimen enbektep qashqan eken, 5-6 adamy ólgende onnan asa qaruy qalypty.

Bayynshoqy soghysy. Mayly tauynyng soltýstik betkeyinde Bayynshoqy degen biyik shoqy bar. Osy strategialyq oryngha eki jaq talasady, shoqyna alghan jaq yryqty oryngha ótip Mayly-Barlyqtyng birtalay jerin baqylap kórip otyratyn edi. Jau armiyasynan 70-80 adam osy shoqygha qaray bettegenin barlaushylardan estip bilgen Núrsapa bastaghan 200 den astam adam shoqygha qaray betteydi, tayaghan kezde jau әldeqashan kelip shoqy basyna pulemetin endi ornatqaly jatypty, kóterilisshiler jaudy qorshap jappay atys bastap shoqygha qaray ilgerileydi, soghys qyzghan kezde Búratala azat bolyp sol jaqtan Toqty Álimov degen otriyad bastyghy bar 80 úighyr soghysqa kelip qatysady, olar kollektiv janaza shyghanghan song soghysqa aralasady, soghys jarty kýnge sozylady, aqyry jau shoqydan aiyrylady, pulemetshikti mergenderding biri qadap atyp týsiredi, shoqygha jappay lap qoyghan atysta Baykenjening mandayynan oq tiyip qaza bolady. Úighyr partizannan biri oqqa úshady, kóterilisshiler jaudy jenip 40 qa juyq adamyn atyp óltiredi. 50 den asa qaru olja alady, qalghan jau qashyp ketedi.  Bir mergen azamattyng shәshi qasqalanyp qalypty sýitse oq janap ótken eken, ol ózi: «Baghana atysyp jatqanda basym shym ete qalyp tymaghym úshyp ketken edi, sýitsem oq eken ghoy»- dep kýlipti, otyrghandar: «qyryq jyl qyrghyn bolsada ajaldy óledi» -degen ras eken desipti. Osy soghystan keyin Mayly tauy qytay әskerinen tazartylady, endi Barlyqtaghy eldi kóshirip aludy josparlaydy.

Ayyrdaghy atys. Ayyr asuy barlyq tauynyng Shaghantoghay betinen Toly betine qaray asatyn asuy. Kóterilisshiler  Barlyq tauyndaghy jastaban, atantay ruyn Maylygha kóshirip alu ýshin 100 den asa qaruly top attandyrady. Olar ondaghy elge baryp ýgit aityp týgel derlik kóshuge kóndiredi. Kósh asudan asa bere  Da Shauie degen qytay baydyng qoylaryn bóliske salady. Osy sәtte  «Jau jetti! Attan!» salyp bir atty azamat keledi, ol Barlyqtaghy mәnbet elining azamaty Núrahymet eken, ol Shәueshekten kóshken eldi shabugha bir rota әsker jibergenin habarlaydy. Osylaysha eldi asyryp jibergen kóterilisshiler asudan bekinis alyp tasalanadyda jaudyng keluin kýtip jatady. Jau jýz qadamnan beri tayaghanda qolbasshy Núrsapanyng : «atyndar!»- degen búiryghymen oq borap jau qyryla bastaydy, kótrilisshiler biyikte bolghandyqtan yryq bermeydi, әlde –neshe saghatqa sozylghan soghysta 50 den asa jau әskeri ólip qalghany qashyp ketedi, belgili bir mergen qatar kele jatqan eki әskerdi bir oqpen atyp óltirse, shoqparshy bir azamat eniske qaray shauyp 6-7 jau әskerin úryp óltirgeni el auyzynda qalady.

Úty soghysy. Kóterilisshiler Mayly tauyn tolyq alghannan keyin Mayly men Jәiir arasyndaghy Ýrimjige baratyn mashina jolyndaghy Úty qarauylyn aludy kózdeydi.  Qarauylda 20-30 qytay әskeri bolady, keybiri qytay emes eken degen habar alady.  Kóterilisshiler qarauyldy qorshap shabuylgha ótedi, neshe saghatqa sozylghan atysta jau jaqtyng kýshi azayghany bayqalady, kóterilisshiler «Jәnibek!»- dep úran salyp lap qoyyp bekiniske kire bastaydy, Shettikbay batyr bekiniske aldymen jetip birneshe jaudy nayzalap óltirip esikten simay әreng kirgende jaular ony mandayynan atyp, naq maydanda erlikpen qaza bolady. Shanyshqyly Árin degen azamat onan keyin kirip birnesheuin jәiratsada ózi auyr jaraly bolady. Osylaysha Úty qarauyly basyp alynyp 20 dan astam jau joyylyp qarulary oljalanady, úighyr, qazaqtan birnesheui bar eken, olar qol kóterip baghynady. Osy kezde Ileden shyqqan Leskin , Baydildә Doskenov  bastaghan kenestik jane jerlik orystardan qúralghan, ishinara qazaqtaryda bar «kensay atty polk» keledi, olar kóterilisshilermen qosylyp , jaralanghan Árindi arnauly mashinamen Qúljadaghy әskery dohtyrhanagha aparyp emdetedi. Árin auyr jaralanghandyqtan neshe ay jatyp qalady, onyng auylda qalghan Mәlik, Manap degen inilerine jazghan haty keyin elge taralady, onda:

Attarynnan ainalayyn Mәlik, manap,

Hat jazdym ekeuindi anyqtap ap,

Aghalaryng soghysta jaralanyp,

Ketipti batyr atym elge tarap.

Qúljada neshe ay boyy jatqanymda,

Hat jazugha jaramadyng eki qaraq... degen joldary el esinde.

7-aydyng basynda Shyghys  Týrkistan  últtyq  armiyasy bas qolbasshy Palinov Leskmnning kensay atty әsker 3-polkyn, Erde Myniyevtyng monghol atty әsker batalionyn, qorghaushylar batalionyn bastap Sәntay, Búrataladan ótip Tarbaghatay aimaghyna (Shihugha) kirdi.

7-aydyng ortasynda olar (Kensay atty polk) Úzynbúlaqta mayly partizandarymen birigip últtyq armiya bas qolbasshylyghynyng Tarbaghataydy azat etu jónindegi búiryqty jariyalady. Últtyq Armiya men Mayly partizandary aldymen Úzynbúlaq shoqysy men Ýsh qarasudy aldy, 7-aydyng 15-kýni Shaghantoghay audanyn aldy. Mayly partizandary men mongholatty әskeri bataliony Shihumen Shәueshekke baratyn joldaghy Úrymtal beket Útyny aldy.(Ýsh aimaq  tónkerisi tarihy. 144-bet.  Últtar baspasy. Pekiyn. 2000 j).

Kensay attypolk komandiry-Fatey Ivanovich Leskiyn

Kenester odaghynyng әskery aqylshysy Baydildә Doskenov

Úty alynghan song kótirilisshiler Jәiirdaghy eldi qosyp alu ýshin elshilikke jәdik Bodambaydy jiberedi, artynan әsker bastap Qaly batyr(Qaly Qizamadenúly) barady. Osynyng aldynda «qúiyrshyq» atanghan bir top bandy( daqpyrttargha negizdelgende olar Ospannyng batyry Jylqaydar bastaghandar delinedi, biraq naq solarma emespe belgisiz, Kenestik jansyzdardyng arandatuy boluyda mýmkin) Jәiirdaghy eski uaqty shauyp, kóp mal aidap ketipti, Sasan degen kisi bastap birqansha adamdy atyp ketipti, sonan keyin gomindang qytay ýkimeti kerey ilgidayi sherushi Ábdeshke 40 tan asa qúral bergen eken. Jәiirda ýlken jiyn bolyp aqyrghy sheshim qytay biyliginen qol ýzu bolyp el tútasymen Maylygha bettep kóshedi, Bәige tóbe degen jerde jenis toyy toylanady. Toydan keyin Mayly partizandary 700 adamnan astyda kerey azamattaryn negiz etken «Tarbaghatay 6-atty polk» qúryldy.

24-kýni últtyq armiya Kensay atty әsker 3- polky Jamatygha baryp onda mayly partizandarymen birigip Kóldenenge barugha, qalghan bólimderin dereu Tolygha shabuyl jasaugha býiyrdy. 25-kýni Kensay attyplok pen Mayly partizandary Dórbiljinnen kómekke kele jatqan jaudy Tolyda qorshaugha alyp qatty shayqasyp jaudy týgel joyyp Tolyny aldy. Ol kezde Toly(Mongholsha aina degen sóz) bar joghy 40-50 ýy ghana bar beket bolatyn.

Shaghantoghay audany ónirinde Jaghyda Babalyq úly bastaghan partizandardan 70-80 adam úiymdasyp Shaghantoghaydy azat etuge at salysty.Osy partizandar Mayly partizandary, Ileden kelgen últtyq armiya birinip Shaghantoghaydy azat etti.

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