Býgingi jahandanu dәuirinde әr últtyng kelbeti men ereksheligi búrynghydan da aiqynyraq kórinis berip otyr.

Kez kelgen halyqtyng mәdeniyeti men tәrbiyesining dengeyin sol elding әielderinen kóruge bolady. Mysaly, qazaq pen ózbek — kórshi, tarihy men taghdyry úqsas halyqtar. Biraq songhy jyldary qoghamda jii aitylatyn bir pikir bar: qazirgi qazaq qyzdarynyng boyynda keybir últtyq qasiyetterding joghalyp, ózbek qyzdarynyng ibaly, kishipeyil, tili men dәsturine, músylmandyq dinine adaldyghy jii ýlgi retinde atalady. Búl — tek syrtqy salystyru emes, tereng әleumettik jәne mәdeny súraq.

Keshegi qazaq qoghamynda qyz balanyng tәrbiyesi eng joghary dengeyde qarastyrylatyn. «Qyzgha qyryq ýiden tyiym» degen sóz jii aytylatyn maqal emes, ómirding erejesi bolatyn. Qazaq qyzy әdepti, úyan, sabyrly, ýlkenge qúrmet, kishige izet kórsetudi otbasynan boyyna sinirip ósti. Ol bolashaq ana, otbasynyng berekesi, últtyng úyaty dep sanaldy.

Qyz tәrbiyesine qazaqtyng barlyghy jauapty bolatyn: kórshi, aghayyn, auyl aqsaqaldary. Al qazirgi zamanda búl jauapkershilik joghalyp ketti. Qala mәdeniyeti men әleumettik jeli ortasy – kópshilik jastardyng boyyna jasandylyq pen elikteushilikti sinirdi. Búrynghy qazaq qyzynyng sypayylyghy, qarapayymdylyghy, ýlkendi syilauy – býgingi ómir yrghaghynda jii kezdespeytin qasiyetke ainaldy.

Qazirgi qazaq qyzdarynyng әlsiz tústary

Qazaq qyzdarynyng kemshiligi turaly aitu – synau emes, oilanugha shaqyru. Songhy uaqytta bayqalatyn negizgi kemshilikterding biri – ar-úyat úghymynyng ózgerui. Kiyim kiyisi, sóileu mәneri, minez mәdeniyeti batysqa elikteumen aralasyp ketti. Áleumettik jelide tanymal bolu, layk jinau, syrtqy súlulyqqa shamadan tys mәn beru – keybir qyzdar ýshin basty maqsatqa ainaldy.

Qazirgi ýlken problema – túrmysqa beyimdilikting tómendeui. Búryn qyz bala keste tigudi, tamaq pisirudi, ýy sharuasyn jýrgizudi anasynyng janynan ýirenetin. Qazir múnday iskerlikke kópshilik kónil bólmeydi. Bilim men mansap manyzdy bolghanymen, túrmystyq jauapkershilikten alshaqtau –  bolashaq otbasynyng beriktigine әser etetini anyq.

Taghy bir ýlken jaghday – til men dәstýrge nemqúraylylyq. Qazaqtyng keybir qyzdary ana tilinde erkin sóilemeydi, últtyq salt-dәstýrdi tereng bilmeydi. Al osy jay – ruhany әlsireudin, keri etuding belgisi. Sebebi til men dәstýr – qyz balanyng ishki mәdeniyetin qalyptastyratyn negizgi ózek.

Endi bir aitarymyz – minezding qatayyp, nәziktikting azangy. Qazirgi qoghamda bәseke kóp, soghan beyimdelgen qyzdar keyde «er minezdi» bolyp ketedi. Búl óz aldyna ómirlik belsendilikting anyqtauyshy bolghanymen, әielding tabighy meyirimin, júmsaqtyghyn joghaltady.

Ózbek qyzdarynyng artyqshylyghy nede?

Ózbek halqynyng otbasylyq mәdeniyeti óte tereng saqtalghan. Sol mәdeniyetting ózegi – әielding ibalyghy men enbekqorlyghy. Ózbek qyzdary jastayynan túrmystyng tirshiligine beyimdelip ósedi: as dayyndaudy, kiyim juudy, qonaq kýtudi, ýlkenge iyilip sәlem berudi dәstýr dep sanaydy. Búl qasiyetter olardyng ómirlik mektebi bolyp tabylady.

Sonymen qatar, ózbek qyzdary bilimsiz de emes. Kópshiligi joghary oqu oryndarynda oqidy, kәsippen ainalysady, biraq sonyng ózinde әiel rólin úmytpaydy. Olar mansap pen otbasylyq ómirdi ýilestiruge tyrysady. Kóp jaghdayda kýieuin syilap, otbasy bedelin alghashqy oryngha qoyady. Búl — ózbek qoghamynda әielge degen kózqarastyng túraqtylyghy men tәrbiyelik jýiening saqtalghandyghynyng belgisi.

Ózbek qyzdarynyng taghy bir artyqshylyghy – últtyq kiyim men dәstýrge adaldyghy. Olar qazirgi zamangha say kiyinse de, әdep pen shekten shyqpau qaghidasyn ústanady. Ózbek qoghamynda qyz balanyng inabattylyghy ýlken mәrtebe sanalady. Búl qasiyet tek kiyimmen ghana emes, jýris-túryspen, sóileumen, qarym-qatynaspen ólshenedi.

Qazaq qoghamynda songhy 30 jylda qarqyndy urbanizasiya jýrip jatyr. Qala ómiri, naryqtyq ekonomika, aqparattyq kenistik – barlyghy da últtyq minezge әser etti. Qyz balalardyng kóbi otbasynan erte bólinip, jeke ómir sýruge úmtylady. Al ózbek qoghamynda dәstýrli otbasylyq qúrylym әli de myqty. Qyz balanyng tәrbiyesi újymdyq baqylauda, ata-anamen baylanys ýzilmeydi.

Búghan qosa, ózbek halqynyng diny ústanymy da qyzdardyng minez-qúlqyna әser etedi. Din – tәrtip pen shekteu mәdeniyetin qalyptastyrady. Al qazaq qoghamynda din men dәstýrding sabaqtastyghy joghalghan.

Degenmen qazaq qyzdarynyng kemshiligin aityp qana qoi dúrys emes. Qazirgi qazaq qyzdarynyng birazy – sauatty, isker, til biletin, elding damuyna ýles qosyp jýrgen túlghalar. Olardyng arasynda ghalymdar, kәsipkerler, sportshylar, sayasatkerler kóp. Qazaq qyzdarynyng boyynda tektilik pen namys bar, tek sol qasiyetterdi zamanauy ómirmen ýilestire bilu kerek.

Qalayda, ruhany tepe-tendikti saqtau. Ádemi kiyinu men ashyq bolu jaman emes, biraq ol úyat pen mәdeniyetti úmyttyrugha bolmaydy. Erkindik pen tәrtip, mansap pen otbasy, bilim men inabat – osynyng bәri tepe-teng bolsa, qazaq qyzynyng beynesi janasha qalyptasady.

Qoghamnyng irgetasy — otbasy. Al otbasynyng berekesi — әiel. Sondyqtan qazaq qyzdarynyng tәrbiyesine erekshe kónil bólu — últtyq qauipsizdikpen ten. Ár ana óz qyzyn tek oqugha emes, ómir mektebine de dayyndauy tiyis. Mektepterde qyz tәrbiyesine arnalghan mәdeny sabaqtar, últtyq qúndylyqtardy dәripteytin jobalar kóbirek boluy kerek.

Media men әleumettik jeliler de ýlgi kórsetui qajet: arzan tanymaldyq emes, shynayy inabattylyq pen ruhany súlulyq dәriptelsin. Sonda ghana qazaq qyzy óz bolmysyn joghaltpay, ózbek qyzdarynyng artyqshylyghynan da asyp týseri sózsiz.

Qazaq qyzy men ózbek qyzy – ekeui de shyghystyq súlulyqtyng simvoly. Degenmen, birining túlghasyndaghy úqyptylyq pen ibalylyq, ekinshisining boyyndaghy erkindik pen bilimdilik ýilesse, minsiz beyne qalyptasar edi. Qazaq qyzyna jetispeytini – sәl sabyr, sәl qarapayymdyq, sәl ar-namysqa jauapkershilik. Al ózbek qyzynyng artyqshylyghy – sol qasiyetterdi joghaltpay ómir sýrip kele jatqany.

Qazirgi, osy kýrdeli jaygha – elimizding biylik iyesinen bastap, tútas qazaq qoghamy mýmkindiginshe bayandy týrde uaqyt sozbay, birlesip at salysuy kerek-aq. Biylik – qazaq halqyn saqtap qalu ýshin, tilimizdi jamanday bermey, sóz qylghan jogharydaghy taqyrypqa qyrsyqpauy kerek.

Býgingi qazaq qoghamy ruhany janghyrudy tek sayasat pen ekonomikadan emes, qyz balanyng tәrbiyesinen bastauy kerek. Sebebi qazaqtyng bolashaghy — últtyng úyaty bolghan qyzdarynyng qolynda.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek, 

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi

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