Qazaqstanda memlekettik basqaru jýiesin janghyrtu ýderisi jana kezenge qadam basty. Preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaev bastamashylyq etken reformalar ayasynda mәslihattardyng róli kýsheyip, olargha ónirlik damudyng negizgi drayveri bolu mindeti jýktelude.

Býginde jergilikti ókildi organdar tek budjet bekitumen shektelmey, halyqtyng naqty súranystaryna jedel jauap beretin, biylik pen qogham arasyndaghy tiyimdi dialog alanyna ainaluy tiyis. Búl rette infraqúrylymdy damytu, biznesti qoldau, investisiya tartu jәne әleumettik mәselelerdi sheshu – mәslihattardyng basty nazarynda.

Ónirlerding qarjylyq derbestigin arttyru, sifrlandyru men jasandy intellektini engizu, sonday-aq qogham senimin nyghaytu – qazirgi reformalardyng ózegi. Osy ózgeristerding mәni men manyzy turaly Qazaqstannyng Azamattyq Aliyansynyng atqarushy diyrektory Eraly Núras óz pikirin bildiredi.

– Preziydent Qazaqstanda memlekettik basqaru jýiesin, ekonomikany jәne әleumettik salany tereng janghyrtu bastalghanyn mәlimdedi. Búl ýderiste mәslihattargha erekshe missiya jýktelude. Sizding pikirinizshe, qanday negizgi mәselelerge nazar audaru qajet?

– Elimizde jýrgizilip jatqan auqymdy janghyrtu jaghdayynda mәslihattar jergilikti ókildi biylikting negizgi instituty әri memleket pen qogham arasyndaghy manyzdy baylanystyrushy buyn retinde barghan sayyn manyzdy ról atqaruda. Býginde olardyng ónirlerding damuyna jәne halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasyna tikeley әser etetin sheshimderdi qabyldaudaghy praktikalyq rólin odan әri kýsheytu asa manyzdy.

Negizgi nazar infraqúrylymdy damytu, shaghyn jәne orta biznesti qoldau, investisiyalar tartu jәne jergilikti jerlerdegi ózekti әleumettik mәselelerdi sheshu baghyttaryna audaryluy tiyis. Ókilettikterding keneni jaghdayynda jergilikti mәselelerdi sheshudegi derbestikti arttyru jәne túrghyndardyng súranystaryna jedel den qong erekshe manyzgha iye.

Sonday-aq jergilikti atqarushy organdardyng ashyqtyghy, halyqpen túraqty dialog ornatu, keri baylanys tetikterin damytu jәne budjet qarajatyn ashyq әri tiyimdi paydalanu da asa manyzdy.

Kóp jaghdayda jýrgizilip jatqan reformalardyng naqty nәtiyjeleri azamattar ýshin qanshalyqty seziletini dәl mәslihattardyng júmysynyng tiyimdiligine baylanysty. Qazaqstannyng Azamattyq Aliyansynyng tәjiriybesi kórsetkendey, eng túraqty sheshimder senimdi dialog pen qoghamnyng naqty qajettilikterin eskeru bar jerde qalyptasady.

– Toqaevtyng pikirinshe, tabystar eng aldymen sol tabys qalyptasqan ónirlerding damuyna júmys isteui tiyis. Siz búl tәsildi qoldaysyz ba? Osy mindetti iske asyruda mәslihattargha qanday ról jýkteledi?

– Preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaev ónirlerding ortalyqqa tәueldiligin tómendetu maqsatynda fiskaldyq ortalyqsyzdandyru reformasyn jýieli týrde ilgeriletip keledi.

Atalghan tәsildi tolyq qoldaymyn. Belgili bir ónirde qalyptasqan kiristerding edәuir bóligi sol ónirding odan әri damuyna baghyttalghan kezde, búl jergilikti ekonomikanyng ósuine, biznesti qoldaugha jәne investisiyalyq belsendilikti keneytuge qosymsha serpin beredi.

Múnday tetik qarajatty jergilikti jerlerdegi eng ózekti mәselelerdi sheshuge - infraqúrylymdy damytugha, túrghyn ýi-kommunaldyq sharuashylyqty jetildiruge, әleumettik salany, bilim berudi damytugha jәne jana júmys oryndaryn qúrugha jedel baghyttaugha mýmkindik beredi.

Búl jýiede mәslihattargha erekshe ról jýkteledi. Dәl osy ókildi organdar jergilikti budjetterdi bekituge, qarjylandyrudyng basym baghyttaryn aiqyndaugha jәne qarajattyng tiyimdi paydalanyluyna baqylau jasaugha qatysady. Sonymen qatar sheshim qabyldau kezinde túrghyndardyng naqty qajettilikteri men jergilikti qauymdastyqtyng pikiri eskerilui asa manyzdy.

Mening oiymsha, búl tәsil ónirlerding óz damuyna degen jauapkershiligin de kýsheytedi, yaghny aumaqtyng ekonomikalyq belsendiligi men halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasynyng artuy arasynda tikeley baylanys qalyptastyrady.

– Memleket basshysy jergilikti basqaru jýiesindegi mәslihattardyng rólin kýsheytudi tapsyrdy. Búl mәsele boyynsha sizding pikiriniz qanday? Preziydent aiqyndaghan baghyttardyng qaysysyn eng manyzdy dep sanaysyz?

– Búl sheshim tolyqtay uaqtyly әri negizdelgen dep sanaymyn. Býginde mәslihattar jergilikti basqaru jýiesining manyzdy әri tolyqqandy qatysushylaryna ainalyp, ónirlerdi damytu basymdyqtaryn aiqyndaugha jәne jergilikti jerlerdegi ózekti mәselelerdi sheshuge eleuli ýles qosyp keledi.

Sonymen qatar qazirgi jaghdayda olardyng júmysyn odan әri kýsheytu asa manyzdy. Ásirese halyqpen neghúrlym tyghyz ózara is-qimyldy qamtamasyz etuge jәne azamattardyng naqty qajettilikterin eskeruge basymdyq berilui tiyis. Negizgi baghyttardyng biri retinde mәslihattardyng azamattardyng ómir sýru sapasyna yqpal etu mýmkindigin odan әri arttyru qajet dep esepteymin. Óitkeni halyq әrqashan biylikting tiyimdiligin naqty ózgerister arqyly baghalaydy - joldardyng jaghdayy, medisinalyq qyzmetterding qoljetimdiligi, jana júmys oryndarynyng ashyluy jәne aumaqtardyng damuy arqyly.

Sonday-aq memlekettik baghdarlamalardyng iske asyryluy, әkimdikterding qyzmeti jәne budjet qarajatynyng tiyimdi paydalanyluy mәseleleri boyynsha mәslihattardyng baqylau funksiyasyn odan әri kýsheytuding de manyzy zor.

– Preziydentting aituynsha, ónirlerding damuy, halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasyn arttyru jәne biylikke degen senimdi nyghaytu tikeley mәslihattardyng júmysyna baylanysty. Búl turaly ne oilaysyz?

– Búl - Preziydentting sayasy reformasynyng negizgi tezisterining biri: mәslihattar shynayy «halyq ýnine» ainaluy tiyis.

Ónirlerding damuy, halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasyn arttyru jәne biylikke degen senimdi nyghaytu kóp jaghdayda mәslihattardyng tiyimdi júmysyna baylanysty. Azamattar eng aldymen memlekettik sayasattyng nәtiyjeliligin ónirlik dengeyde ózderining kýndelikti ómirine tikeley әser etetin ózgerister arqyly baghalaydy - joldardyng jaghdayy, sugha qoljetimdilik, әleumettik qyzmetterding sapasy jәne aumaqtardy abattandyru dengeyi boyynsha.

Osy túrghyda mәslihattardyng róli erekshe manyzgha iye, óitkeni dәl osy organdar halyqtyng súranystaryna eng jaqyn ornalasqan jәne naqty qalalar men audandar túrghyndarynyng shynayy qajettilikterin jaqsy týsinedi. Deputattar óz saylaushylarynyng mýddelerin bildirip, qogham men atqarushy biylik arasyndaghy manyzdy keri baylanys arnasy retinde әreket etedi.

Sonymen qatar budjettik josparlau jәne memlekettik baghdarlamalardyng iske asyryluyn baqylau mәselelerinde mәslihattardyng ókilettikterin keneytu olardyng jergilikti basqaru jýiesindegi manyzyn odan әri arttyrady. Infraqúrylym, әleumettik sala jәne aumaqtardy damytu mәselelerining qanshalyqty tiyimdi sheshiletini kóp jaghdayda olardyng kәsibiyligi men belsendiligine baylanysty.

Azamattardyng biylik instituttaryna degen senimi dәl osynday syndarly ózara is-qimyl, qabyldanatyn sheshimderding ashyqtyghy jәne olardyng oryndaluyna jýieli baqylau arqyly qalyptasady.

– Memleket basshysy memlekettik basqaru jýiesining barlyq salasyna ozyq tehnologiyalar men jasandy intellektini engizudi strategiyalyq manyzdy mindet retinde belgiledi. Búl el ýshin qanday mýmkindikter ashady? Sonymen qatar, býgingi tanda deputattardyng kәsiby dengeyi men sifrlyq qúzyretterin qalay baghalaysyz?

– Jasandy intellektini memlekettik basqaru jýiesine engizu — búl jay ghana zaman aghymyna ilesu emes, memleket pen azamat arasyndaghy ózara is-qimyl sapasyn týbegeyli ózgertuge baghyttalghan manyzdy qadam. Memleket basshysy 2026 jyldy sifrlandyru jәne jasandy intellekt jyly dep belgilep, búl reformanyng elding bolashaq bәsekege qabilettiligi ýshin airyqsha manyzgha ie ekenin atap ótti.

Jasandy intellektini engizu Qazaqstan ýshin birneshe strategiyalyq artyqshylyq ashady.

Birinshiden, búl proaktivti memlekettik qyzmetterge kóshudi qamtamasyz etedi. Mysaly, 2025 jyldan bastap engizilip jatqan eGov AI jýiesi arqyly memleket azamattyng ótinishin kýtpey-aq, qajetti sәtte tiyisti kómekti ózi úsyna alady.

Ekinshiden, jasandy intellekt kýndelikti qaytalanatyn prosesterdi avtomattandyrugha jәne sheshim qabyldau ýderisin ashyq etuge mýmkindik beredi. Sifrlyq jýieler tәulik boyy derektermen júmys istep, adamy faktordan tuyndaytyn tәuekelderdi azaytady.

Ýshinshiden, resurstardy smart-basqaru mýmkindigi artady. Auyl sharuashylyghy, túrghyn ýi-kommunaldyq sharuashylyq jәne logistika salalarynda Big Data negizindegi basqaru modeline kóshu su tapshylyghyn, qúrghaqshylyqty nemese infraqúrylymnyng tozuyn dәlirek boljaugha kómektesedi.

Jasandy intellekt jәne sifrlyq damu ministrliginin, sonday-aq Últtyq jasandy intellekt ortalyghynyng qúryluy IT-sektordy ekonomikanyng negizgi qozghaushy kýshine ainaldyrugha jәne IT-qyzmetter eksportynyng jana dengeyge kóteriluine baghyttalghan.

Mәslihat deputattarynyng sifrlandyru salasyndaghy kәsiby dengeyine kelsek, ony belsendi týrde janaryp, damyp kele jatqan dengeyde dep baghalaugha bolady.

Preziydent deputattyq korpustyng sifrlyq sauattylyghyn arttyrudyng manyzyn oryndy atap ótedi, óitkeni jasandy intellektke negizdelgen sheshimderdi qosa alghanda, zamanauy tehnologiyalardy týsinu ónirlik dengeyde qabyldanatyn sheshimderding sapasyna tikeley әser etedi. Mәslihattar ýshin tek qarjylandyru mәselelerin qarastyru ghana emes, sifrlyq qúraldardyng ónirlerdi damytudaghy praktikalyq manyzyn týsinu de asa manyzdy.

Osy baghytta biliktilikti arttyru boyynsha jýieli júmys jýrgizilude: shamamen 1200 deputat Memlekettik basqaru akademiyasynda arnayy kurstardan ótti, sonday-aq AI Governance 500 baghdarlamasy iske qosylyp, onyng ayasynda oblystyq mәslihat apparattarynyng basshylary men memlekettik qyzmetshiler oqytyluda.

Sonymen qatar iri qalalar men ónirler arasyndaghy sifrlyq alshaqtyqty azaytu manyzdy mindet bolyp qala beredi. Mening oiymsha, sifrlyq qúzyretterdi jýieli týrde damytu mәslihattardyng memlekettik basqaru jýiesin janghyrtugha jәne halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasyn arttyrugha neghúrlym tiyimdi qatysuyna mýmkindik beredi.

– Preziydent memlekettik qauipsizdikti qorghau ýshin sayasiy-diplomatiyalyq qúraldar barynsha paydalanylatynyn mәlimdedi. Memleket basshysynyng búl ústanymyn qalay týsinesiz?

– Memleket basshysynyng ústanymy últtyq qauipsizdikti qamtamasyz etudegi pragmatikalyq әri salmaqty kózqarasty kórsetedi, onyng negizinde sayasiy-diplomatiyalyq qúraldar men halyqaralyq yntymaqtastyqqa basymdyq beru qaghidaty jatyr.

Búl, eng aldymen, Qazaqstannyng óz qauipsizdigin dialog, seriktestik jәne halyqaralyq ýderisterge belsendi qatysu arqyly nyghaytugha úmtylysyn bildiredi. Jahandyq transformasiya men jana syn-qaterlerding artuy jaghdayynda diplomatiya tәuekelderding aldyn alu men shiyelenisti tómendetuding manyzdy qúralyna ainalyp otyr.

Ásirese әriptestikke negizdelgen kópvektorly syrtqy sayasattyng manyzy zor. Ol әrtýrli halyqaralyq seriktestermen tengerimdi әri ózara tiyimdi qatynastar ornatugha, sonday-aq syrtqy ekonomikalyq yntymaqtastyqty elding ornyqtylyghyn kýsheytuge paydalanugha mýmkindik beredi.

Manyzdy baghyttardyng biri - halyqaralyq qúqyqqa sýienu. Ol memleketting egemendigin, aumaqtyq tútastyghyn jәne tәuelsizdigin qorghaudyng senimdi qúqyqtyq negizi bolyp tabylady.

Jalpy alghanda, búl tәsildi dәiekti әri úzaq merzimdi túraqtylyqqa baghyttalghan ústanym retinde sipattaugha bolady. Múnda qauipsizdik tek kýshtik qúraldar túrghysynan ghana emes, sonymen qatar ornyqty halyqaralyq baylanystar men ózara senimdi damytu arqyly qarastyrylady.

– Toqaevtyng pikirinshe, Qazaqstannyng tabysty damuynyng basty faktorlary - birlik pen túraqtylyq. Osy faktorlardyng manyzyn qanshalyqty joghary baghalaysyz?

– Búl faktorlardyng manyzyn óte joghary baghalaymyn. Qazaqstan ýshin birlik pen túraqtylyq shyn mәninde ornyqty damudyng jәne algha qaray ilgerileuding negizgi tiregi bolyp tabylady.

Halqy kópetnosty jәne geostrategiyalyq túrghydan manyzdy ornalasqan memleket ýshin qogham ishindegi kelisimning manyzy erekshe. Dәl osy birlik ekonomikalyq, әleumettik jәne sayasy reformalardy iske asyrugha berik negiz qalyptastyrady, qoghamdyq senimdi nyghaytady jәne etnosaralyq әri azamattyq kelisimdi saqtaugha yqpal etedi.

Túraqtylyqtyng da manyzy kem emes, óitkeni ol ekonomikany damytugha, investisiyalar tartugha, infraqúrylymdy janghyrtugha jәne zamanauy tehnologiyalardy engizuge qolayly әri boljamdy orta qalyptastyrady. El ishinde de, halyqaralyq arenada da túraqty Qazaqstan senimdi әri jauapty seriktes retinde qabyldanady.

Sonymen qatar túraqtylyq memlekettik instituttardy jýieli janghyrtumen jәne damu ýderisimen úshtasuy manyzdy. Tek osynday ornyqty әri tynysh ortada sifrlandyru, ónirlik damu jәne halyqtyng ómir sýru sapasyn arttyru baghytyndaghy bastamalardy tiyimdi iske asyrugha bolady.

Osylaysha, birlik pen túraqtylyq - búl jay ghana manyzdy qúndylyqtar emes, elding odan әri ornyqty damuynyng berik irgetasy.

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