Soltýstik kórshide bop jatqan jaghdaylardy jiti qadaghalap otyratyn bizder ontýstik kórshilerde ne bop jatqanyn bile bermeymiz.

Egemendikting alghashqy jyldary bir birimen bәsekege týsken sekildi kóringen Qazaqstan men Ózbekstan arasy Q.Toqaev pen Sh.Mirziyeyovting arqasynda songhy jyldary tatu kórshilikten aghayyndyq dengeyge jetti desek bolatyn shyghar.

Sebebi, eki elding ortaq mýddesi men maqsattary bir birine óte úqsas.

Jәne oghan jetu ýshin әreket jasaytyn alang da ortaq.

Ortalyq Aziyadaghy eng manyzdy eki elding búdan da tyghyz qarym-qatynas jasauyna mýmkindik jeterlik.

Jeke mýddeni esten shygharmay ortaq mýddege jetu baghytynda preziydentterimiz júmys jýrgizip jatyr.

Sondyqtan, Qazaqstandyqtar Ózbekstannyng syrtqy sayasatyn ghana emes, ishki sayasatyndaghy jetistikter men ózge de jaghdaylardy bile jýrgeni artyq emes.

Býgin Ózbekstandyq publisist Nadira Hidoetova ózining kezekti sayasy sholuyn jariyalady.

Avtormen kelisu-kelispeu әrkimning óz sharuasy.

Qalay bolghanda Ózbekstannyng ishki sharuasyna eshkimning qol súghugha qúqy joq.

Biraq sholudy bir sholyp shyghu artyq bolmaydy degen oimen sizderge yqshamdap audaryp úsynudy jón kórdim (silteme kommentte).

Sebebi, avtor eskertken preziydentting jogharydan týsirgen tapsyrmalaryn jergilikti jerdegi keybir sheneunikter ónin ainaldyryp jiberui sekildi jaghdaylar bizde de bar.

Nadira Hidoetova:

Ózbekstannyng on jyly — reformalar, ýmit jәne jana ózgerister qajettiligi

2016 jyly Ózbekstan preziydentin tandaghan kezde azamattardyng basym kópshiligi Shavkat Mirziyyoev búrynghy basshynyng sayasatyn jalghastyrady dep oilady. Men sol kezde-aq basqasha pikirde bolghan sanauly adamdardyng qatarynda edim.

Múnday kýmәnning negizi bar bolatyn. Mirziyyoev ýkimetti on ýsh jyl basqarghan, búrynghy jýiening manyzdy ókilderining biri edi. Qogham ony qatang tәrtipti jaqtaytyn basshy retinde qabyldady. Sondyqtan odan týbegeyli ózgerister kýtetinder az boldy. El jabyq shekaralargha, valutalyq shekteulerge jәne kýshtik qúrylymdardyng yqpalyna ýirenip qalghan edi.

Alayda kýtpegen ózgerister bastaldy.

2017 jyldyng qyrkýieginde valutany yryqtandyru turaly sheshim qabyldanyp, resmy valuta baghamy naqty naryqtyq baghamgha jaqyndastyryldy. Búghan deyin zandy valuta aiyrbastau shekteuli bolsa, jana tәrtip azamattargha dollarlaryn bankter arqyly erkin aiyrbastaugha mýmkindik berdi. Ekonomikalyq ózgerister elding kólenkeli naryqtan shyghuyna jol ashty.

Kóp úzamay kórshi memlekettermen qarym-qatynas jaqsardy. Shekaralardy ashu, ónirlik baylanystardy qalpyna keltiru jәne sauda kedergilerin azaytu Ortalyq Aziyadaghy úzaq jyldyq oqshaulanudy әlsiretti.

Taghy bir manyzdy qadam — Halyq qabyldaulary men Virtualdy qabyldau bólmesining qúryluy boldy. Búryn azamattardyng aryz-shaghymdary kóbine jauapsyz qalsa, endi olar memleket basshylyghyna tikeley ótinish jolday aldy. Alghashqy jyldary búl jýie sheneunikterdi halyqtyng mәselesine nazar audarugha mәjbýr etti.

Media kenistikte de ózgerister boldy. Kun.uz, Gazeta.uz, Qalampir jәne qoghamdyq-sayasy Telegram arnalary búryn ashyq aitylmaytyn mәselelerdi kótere bastady. Sheneunikterding ozbyrlyghy, mektepterding jaghdayy men qarapayym halyqtyng problemalary qogham talqysyna shyqty. Azamattar óz dauysynyng estile bastaghanyn sezindi.

Ózbekstandaghy eng auyr mәselelerding biri — maqta jinau nauqany kezindegi mәjbýrli enbek edi. Múghalimder, dәrigerler, studentter men basqa da azamattar birneshe ay boyy maqta alqaptaryna jiberiletin. Keyde adamdar qoghamdyq kólikterden týsirilip, júmysqa mәjbýrli týrde tartylatyn.

Mirziyyoev biyligi mәjbýrli enbekti jongha baghyttalghan sharalardy qolgha aldy. Mәjbýrleu ýshin jauapkershilik kýsheytilip, maqtany satyp alu baghasy kóterilip, óndiris jýiesin ózgertu bastaldy. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde mәjbýrli enbekke qarsy kýreste eleuli ilgerileu boldy.

2019 jyly «Jaslyq» koloniyasynyng jabyluy da manyzdy oqighagha ainaldy. Búl mekeme úzaq jyldar boyy sayasy qudalau men qatal jazalau jýiesining simvoly retinde qabyldanghan edi. Sonymen birge senimsiz azamattar tiziminen myndaghan adam shygharylyp, olardyng qoghamdaghy mәrtebesin qalpyna keltiruge qadam jasaldy.

Enbek migranttaryna degen kózqaras ta ózgerdi. Búryn shetelge júmys izdep ketken azamattar keyde jaghymsyz sipatta kórsetiletin. 2018 jylghy qantarda Aqtóbe manynda 52 ózbekstandyqtyng avtobusta órtke úshyrap qaza tabuy eldi dýr silkindirdi. Osy qayghyly oqighadan keyin Mirziyyoev azamattargha óz elinde jetkilikti jaghday jasay almaghan biylikting jauapkershiligin moyyndady. Enbek migranttary otbasylary men el ekonomikasyn asyrap otyrghan adamdar retinde ashyq baghalana bastady.

Tashkenttegi tirkeu jýiesining shekteulerin jenildetu de manyzdy ózgeristerding biri boldy. Búryn Ózbekstan azamattarynyng óz elining astanasynda túruy men júmys isteui arnayy rúqsattarmen shekteletin. Búl әsirese basqa ónirlerden kelgen júmysshylargha qiyndyq tughyzdy. Shekteulerdi joi Tashkentting barlyq ózbekstandyqqa ortaq qala retindegi mәrtebesin nyghaytty.

Ortalyq Aziya memleketteri arasyndaghy qatynastardy jaqsartu jana sayasattyng negizgi baghyttarynyng birine ainaldy. Ózbekstan kórshi eldermen kelissózderdi jandandyryp, shekaralyq mәselelerdi sheshuge, kólik qatynasyn qalpyna keltiruge jәne otbasylyq baylanystardy qayta ornatugha kýsh saldy.

Elding syrtqy әlemge ashyluy turizmning damuyna, halyqaralyq forumdardyng ótkiziluine jәne jana seriktestikterding qalyptasuyna yqpal etti.

Din salasynda da birqatar shekteuler jenildedi. Búryn diny senimine baylanysty kedergilerge tap bolghan adamdardyng jaghdayy ózgerip, azannyng qayta erkin estiluine jәne islamdyq ruhany múranyng últtyq mәdeniyettegi ornyn nyghaytugha mýmkindik tudy.

Otbasyndaghy zorlyq-zombylyq pen kóshedegi jynystyq sipattaghy tiyisu mәselelerine de kóbirek kónil bólindi. Búl әreketterge qarsy qúqyqtyq sharalar kýsheytildi. Joghary bilim beru mýmkindikterin keneytu ýshin jana uniyversiytetter ashylyp, memlekettik qyzmet kórsetu ortalyqtary arqyly qújat rәsimdeu tәrtibi jenildetildi.

Osynyng bәri elding qoghamdyq ómirinde eleuli ózgerister bolghanyn kórsetedi.

Degenmen alghashqy jyldardaghy ýmit birtindep kónil qalumen almasty. Sheneunikter jana talaptargha beyimdelip, búrynghy yqpalyn basqa tәsildermen qalpyna keltire bastady.

«Investisiya tartu» men «ónirlerdi damytu» úrandarynyng ayasynda әkimderding qolyna qomaqty qarjy men ýlken ókilettikter shoghyrlandy. Biraq keybir jerlerde búl mýmkindikter halyqtyng әl-auqatyn arttyrugha emes, jeke mýddelerdi qorghaugha júmsaldy.

Zansyz búzu júmystary, jeke menshikti tartyp alu, eski aghashtardy kesu jәne fermerlerding jeke klasterlerge tәueldiligi qoghamda narazylyq tughyzdy. Burokratiya syrttay zamanauy sipat alghanymen, menmendik, dórekilik jәne paydakýnemdik siyaqty eski әdetterden tolyq arylghan joq.

Virtualdy qabyldau bólmesining de bastapqy tiyimdiligi tómendedi. Alghashynda azamattardyng ótinishterin sheshuge yqpal etken jýie birte-birte formaldy jauaptar beretin mehanizmge ainaldy. Qoghamgha ótinishterding basym bóligi oryndalghany turaly esep úsynylghanymen, azamattardyng naqty mәseleleri sheshilmey qalatyn jaghdaylar bar.

Búl jýiening basty kemshiligi — tәuelsiz әri tiyimdi memlekettik instituttardyng ornyn jeke ótinishter arqyly mәsele sheshu tәsilimen almastyrugha tyrysu. Ádil sot, jauapty prokuratura jәne halyq aldynda esep beretin jergilikti biylik bolmasa, sifrlyq jýiening ózi әdilettilikti qamtamasyz ete almaydy.

Búghan qosa, tәuelsiz jurnalister men blogerlerge qysym jasalghany turaly syn kýsheydi. Alghashqy jyldary reformalardy qoldap, zansyzdyqtardy әshkerelegen jurnalistik zertteuler manyzdy ról atqardy. Keyin keybir jurnalister men qoghamdyq pikir kóshbasshylaryna qatysty qylmystyq ister, redaksiyalargha qoyylghan shekteuler jәne ózin-ózi senzuralau mәseleleri qoghamdyq talqylaugha shyqty.

Jýieli reformalar jergilikti dengeyden bastaluy kerek. Dәstýrli týrde kórshilik yntymaqtastyghynyng ortalyghy bolghan mahalla key jerlerde әkimshilik baqylaudyng qúralyna ainaldy.

Eger mahalla basshylary túrghyndardyng erkin tandauymen emes, jogharydan yqpal etu arqyly saylansa, olar halyqtyng mýddesin tolyq qorghay almauy mýmkin. Áleumettik kómekting bólinui de keyde azamattargha qysym jasau qúralyna ainaluy yqtimal.

Sondyqtan mahalla basshylaryn túrghyndardyng ózderi tikeley әri jasyryn dauys beru arqyly saylauy manyzdy. Halyq tandaghan basshy óz kórshilerining mýddesin qorghaugha jәne olardyng kelisiminsiz qabyldanatyn sheshimderge qarsy túrugha kóbirek mýddeli bolady.

Ózbekstan búrynghy oqshaulanudy enserip, ekonomikalyq jәne qoghamdyq ómirde manyzdy jetistikterge qol jetkizdi. Biraq reformalardyng alghashqy kezeninde qalyptasqan tetikter endi janartudy qajet etedi.

Birneshe baghytqa basymdyq bergen jón:

1. Mahallany halyqqa qaytaru. Jergilikti basshylardy әdil, tikeley jәne jasyryn saylau arqyly tandau mýmkindigin qamtamasyz etu.
2. Mýddeler qaqtyghysyn jon. Inspeksiyalar men baqylaushy organdardyng aiyppúldar men sot óndirip alularynan payda kóruine jol bermeytin tetikter engizu.
3. Sot tәuelsizdigin nyghaytu. Sottardy әkimshilik qysymnan qorghap, әdil sheshim qabyldauyna jaghday jasau.
4. Sóz bostandyghyn qorghau. Jurnalister men qoghamdyq pikir kóshbasshylaryn qudalaudy toqtatyp, syndy memlekettik basqarudyng qajetti baqylau qúraly retinde qabyldau.

Elding alghashqy serpilisi ózgeristerding mýmkin ekenin dәleldedi. Endigi mindet — burokratiyanyng shekten tys yqpalyn tejeu jәne qarapayym azamattyng mýddesin memlekettik apparattyng mýddesinen joghary qong.

Men óz tandauym ýshin ókinemin be?

2016 jyly jasaghan tandauym ýshin ókinemin be?

Joq.

Búl — sanaly әri berik ústanymym.

Býgin «eshtene ózgergen joq» dep aitu onay. Biraq búl búrynghy kezendegi qorqynysh pen ýmitsizdikti úmytu bolar edi. Ózbekstannyng jabyq shekaralar, qatang shekteuler jәne qoghamnyng ýnsizdigi ýstemdik etken kezennen shyqqany — manyzdy tarihy ózgeris.

Men Mirziyyoevting alghashqy qadamdarynyng negizinde azamattardyng ómirin jaqsartugha degen shynayy niyet bolghanyna senemin. Ol tirkeu shekteulerin jenildetuge, kórshi eldermen qarym-qatynasty jaqsartugha, mәjbýrli enbekti jongha jәne dindarlardyng qúqyqtaryn keneytuge baghyttalghan manyzdy sheshimder qabyldady.

Alayda shynayy reformalargha burokratiyanyng qarsylyghy kedergi keltirdi. Memlekettik apparat ózgeristerding syrtqy belgilerin qabyldaghanymen, key tústa olardyng mәnin joghaltyp, jana mýmkindikterdi jeke paydasyna paydalanugha tyrysty.

Sondyqtan mening býgingi synym — búrynghy ýmitten bas tartu emes.

Búl — sol ýmitting aqtalghanyn qalaytyn azamattyng talaby.

Kýshti basshygha adaldyq ony ýnemi maqtaumen nemese kemshilikterdi jasyrumen ólshenbeydi. Naghyz adaldyq — shyndyqty ashyq aitu jәne jýiedegi kemshilikterdi týzetuge úmtylu.

Shavkat Mirziyyoev Ózbekstandy úzaq jyldar boyy oqshaulaghan kedergilerdi búzugha yqpal etti. Endi el aldynda odan da kýrdeli mindet túr: sheneunikterding ozbyrlyghyn tejeu, tәuelsiz instituttardy nyghaytu jәne adam qúqyghyn memlekettik basqarudyng basty ólshemine ainaldyru.

Eger azamatty qorghaugha degen bastapqy niyet әli de saqtalsa, sheshushi janarudyng uaqyty keldi.

Ózbekstannyng kelesi kezendegi tabysy reformalardyng sanyna emes, olardyng qarapayym halyqtyng ómirine qanshalyqty naqty әser etetinine baylanysty bolady.

Ómir Shynybekúly

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