Egemendik alghanymyzgha shiyrek ghasyrgha juyq uaqyt ótse de, ótken ghasyrda et pen sýtti odaq kólemine taratqan el әli de bolsa et pen sýtti syrttan alyp otyrmyz. Et pen sýtti óndiretin auyldar «bolashaghy joqqa» ainalyp, qúlazyp qalugha bet aldy. Auyl sharuashylyghyn damytamyz dep, memleket tarapynan bólingen qyruar qarjynyng júmsaluy, ekonomikalyq damu barysymyzdaghy qalyptasqan jaghdaydy eskermey, tek zandy túlghalardyng mýddesin kózdegendikten, mardymdy nәtiyje bermey, auyl túrghyndaryn qyspaqqa aludy ýdete týsude.

Shaghyn auyldar «bolashaghy joq» bolyp, qúlazyp qaldy. Osydan 10–15 jyl búrynghy mektep oqushylarynyng sany osy kýni eki esege juyq azayyp, jeke әkimshilik bolyp, mektebi, auruhanasy bar, audan ortalyqtarynan 5–7 shaqyrymnan alysyraq ornalasqan auyl túrghyndarynyng ortasha jasy úlghayyp, qarttyqqa bet aldy. Endi bir 10–15 jyldan keyingini boljau kónilge ýrey úyalatady. Býgingi tanda ómirge úrpaq әkeletin jas otbasylar auyldarda «joq» dep aitarlyqtay. Sebebi jastar auylda qyzyqtyng joqtyghynan emes, ózderin-ózderi júmyspen qamtyp, otau qúryp otyrugha mýmkinshilikting joqtyghynan ketip, qala jaghalap, arbakesh boluda. Kýn úzaq kóshe boyynda túryp, әiteuir bireuge jaldanyp nan tabady. Qiynshylyqqa shydamaghandary qylmysker, týngi kóbelek atanady.

Kez kelgen memleketting eng basty qauipsizdigi – azyq-týlik qauipsizdigi. Azyq-týlik – auyl sharuashylyghynyng ónimi. Yaghni, azyq-týlik óndirushi – auyl. Endeshe erteng azyq-týlik óndiretin jastardy auylgha túraqtandyru memleketting basty mindetterining biri ghana emes, biregeyi emes pe?! Óndirushi kýsh kóbeygen sayyn, óndirilgen ónim de kóbeyedi. Auyl túrghyndarynyng túrmys-tirshilik dengeyi ózderining óndirip saudalaytyn azyq-týlik mólsherine tikeley baylanysty. Sondyqtan da olar azyq-týlikti molyraq óndiruge mýddeli jәne mәjbýr.

Ekinshiden, jastardy auylgha túraqtandyru degenimiz – halyq sanynyng tabighy jolmen ósuine jol ashu. Yqylym zamannan beri kóp balaly analar – negizinen auyl túrghyndary.

Osy mәseleler turaly tym bolmasa pikirtalas tudyrarday úsynystar ýkimet tarapynan estilmeydi. Atqarushy biylik zanda tәrtip bolghanmen, sol kezde oryn alghan jaghdaydyng bolmaytynyn eskermey, «әiteuir, jerding iyesi bolsyn» degen týbegeyli qate baghyt ústanghan.

Auyl sharuashylyghyn reformalaghanda, kolhoz-sovhozdardyng 10 payyzy jer resursyn audandardyng jer qoryna ótkizip, 90 payyz jer auyl túrghyndaryna tiyesili boldy da, barlyq túrghyndardyng ýlesine tendey bólindi. Auyl әkimshiligining qúziretinde kenes zamanynda qosalqy sharuashylyq esebinde qarastyrylghan auyl túrghyndarynyng mal jayylymy ghana qaldy. Auyl túrghyndary negizinen jeke túlgha boludy jón kórdi. Sebebi sol kezde «Sharua qojalyghymen zandy túlgha da, jeke túlgha da ainalysugha qúqyly» dep zandastyryldy.

Búghan qosymsha, jayylymdyq jerdi últaraqtay qylyp bólip alghanda, ol jerge óz malyn jeke-jeke jayyp otyra almasy da belgili. Sondyqtan auyl túrghyndarynyng 10–15 payyzy ghana zandy túlgha boldy da, qalghandary jeke túlgha bolyp qala berdi. Kez kelgen auyldy alyp qarasanyz da, barlyq túlghalardyng 10–15 payyzy zandy túlghalar, 5–10 payyzy mektep, auruhana, әkimshilik qyzmetkerleri de, qalghandary sanaqta bar da, sanatta joqtar. Ýkimetting qauly-qararlarynda, biyik minberlerde, búqaralyq aqparatta shaghyn jәne orta kәsipkerlik turaly aitylady da, auyldardaghy jeke túlgha ózderin-ózderi júmyspen qamtushylar turaly ýn qatpaydy.

Auyldardyng 75–80 payyzy jeke túlghalar. Osynshama azyq-týlik óndiretin óndirushi kýsh ónim óndiruge (әsirese et pen sýt) mýmkinshilikting joqtyghynan qoldaghy baryn da úqsata almay, joqtan bar jasaudyng kýiin keshude. Atqarushy biylik óz qúziretindegi 10 payyz jer qorymen qosa, rәsimdelmegen auyl manyndaghy barlyq jayylymdyq, shabyndyq jerlerdi ol auylda túrmaghan, әli de túrmaytyn jekelegen adamdargha jýzdegen, myndaghan gektarlap ýlestirip jiberdi. Jeke túlgha auyl túrghyndary qoldaghy malyn auyl әkimshiligining qúziretindegi alaqanday jayylymgha qamaghandyqtan, mal kýisiz bolyp, 2 jylda bir tól alyp, әr siyrdan 4–5 litr sýt sauyp, shyqpa janym shyqpanyng kýiin keship, amalsyzdan balalaryna batasyn berip, qala jaghalaugha shygharyp saluda. Auyl manyndaghy jayylymdyq, shabyndyq jerlerdi auyl túrghyndarynan birde-bir qúryltayshylary bolmasa da, jýzdegen, myndaghan gektarlap alghandar sausaqpen sanarlyq qana mal ústap, qalghan shóbin auyl túrghyndaryna satyp, shalqyp jýr.

Atqarushy biylik osy kelensizdikti kýnde kórip te jýr, tek qoldanystaghy zang negizinde óz nysanynda tiyimdi paydalanylmaghan jerlerdi keri qaytaru turaly eshqanday әreket jasamaydy. Búl jaghday memleket tarapynan jerge degen kózqarasty týbegeyli ózgertpey, týzele qoymaydy. Memleket tarapynan kózqaras ózgeretindey synay bolmay túr. Qayta býgingi tandaghy qiynshylyqtardy odan әri ushyqtyra týsetin baghyt ústanghan. Sonyng saldarynan auyl sharuashylyq jerleri әli de bos jatyr. Satsaq, bos jatpaydy degen ústanym.

Bos jatqan jerler qanday nysanda jәne qayda jatyr? Ras, bos jatqan jayylymdyq jerler bar. Olar búrynghy alys qystaular men jaylaular. Osy kýnderi orman sharuashylyghy qúziretinde bolar. Osy jerler bos jatyr. Búl jerlerdi paydalanudyng jolyn atqarushy biylik әu basta-aq kesken. Qystau men jaylaudyng arasyn jalghaytyn kýzeu, kókteu kerek. Búrynghy kýzeu, kókteu bolghan jerler bayaghyda-aq jekelegen adamdardyng iyeligine ótip ketti. Endi auyl manyndaghy qúm etegindegi ózen-kólderding boyyndaghy jayylymdyq, shabyndyq jerler býgingi iyelerine satylyp ketse, oblys ortalyghynan 15–20 shaqyrym, audan ortalyqtarynan 5–7 shaqyrym alys auyldarda orta mektep te, auruhana da, әkimshilik te jabylaryna kóz jetkizu qiyn emes shyghar.

Auyl manyndaghy jayylymdyq, shabyndyq jerlerdi óz nysanynda tiyimdi paydalanudyn, auyldy tozdyrmay, ósiruding joldaryn qarastyryp, zang baptaryna ózgerister engizip, mýmkindiginshe jer iyelerin óndirip otyrghan ónim týrine sәikes qayta qonystandyru sharalaryn jýzege asyratyn uaqyt ótip te bara jatyr.

Auyldardyng el bolyp otyrghandaghy tiregi – jeke túlghalar. Osylardyng ónim óndirip, túrmys-tirshilik dengeyin jaqsartuyna, tipti óndirgen ónimine memleketten subsidiya da almay-aq, bar keregi – keng mal jayylymy men qystyq mal azyghyn dayarlap alatyn shabyndyq. Sondyqtan әu basta auyl túrghyndaryna dep berilgen jer nege sol túrghyndardyng iygiligine jaratylmaydy? Bar jerdi tiyimdi paydalanbaghandardan keri qaytarugha qoldanystaghy zangha sәikes mýmkinshilik әlde de bolsa bar.

Auyl túrghyndarynyng negizgi kiris kózi qoldaghy maly bolghandyqtan, auyl әkimshiligindegi býgingi mal jayylymy osy keri qaytarylghan jer esebinen nege tolyqtyrylmasqa?! Esepsiz tolyqtyrylsyn demey-aq, býgingi auyl әkimshiliginde tirkelgen otbasylar 10 payyz ósedi, әr otbasy 7–10 sauyn siyr, 30 bas saulyq qoy ústaydy. Siyr tóli 2 jyl, qoy tóli 1 jyl ústalady degen eseppen osynshama malgha jayylymdyq jer men shabyndyqty auyl әkimshiligining qúziretine bólinbeytin negizde bekitsek. Bas-basyna jer beruding qajeti joq. Egistik jerding jóni mýlde basqa.

Dey túrghanmen, kóshi-qon ýrdisi ýnemi qaytalanatyn qúbylys bolghandyqtan, auyldaghy әr otbasy sanyna qaray tym bolmasa 2 gektar egistik jer de qarastyrylyp, ol da bólinbeytin negizde auyl әkimshiligining qúziretine ótkeni dúrys bolar edi. Sonda ghana auyldan bireu kóship ketkenmen, kóship kelgen adamnyng óz-ózin júmyspen qamtuyna mýmkinshilik tuady. Jer mәselesi sheshilgen son, «Sybagha», «Altyn asyq» baghdarlamalaryna ózgerister engizsek. Ol ózgeris auylda túryp, otbasyn qúraghan jastargha auyl әkimshiligining «Jem-shóppen qamtamasyz etiledi» degen anyqtamasymen nesiyege qol jetkizse. Jayylymy ken, qystyq mal azyghyn dayarlap alugha mýmkinshilik bar bolghandyqtan, jastar qalagha aghyluyn toqtatar edi. Osy sharalargha memleket tarapynan eshqanday qosymsha qarjy bóluding qajeti joq.

Solay bola túra, ainalasy 2–3 jylda et pen sýt ónimi molayady. Auyl túrghyndarynyng túrmys-tirshilik dengeyi artady. Eng negizgisi – auylda jastar túraqtap, qaladaghy kelensizdikter azayar edi. Kelesi bir mәsele – auyldyng jeke túlghalaryna kórsetiler qoldanys sanalatyn ónimge arnalghan subsidiyanyng beriluin ózgertu. Sýt zauyttary, qant zauyttary sýt pen qant qyzylshasyna beriletin subsidiyany alsa. Ol qarajat shiykizatty satyp alu baghasyna qosylsa. Sonda ghana bayaghy zamandaghyday auyl túrghyndary baqshasyna qant qyzylshasyn eger edi.

Negizi, auyldardaghy jeke túlghalardyng azyq-týlik óndiretin ýlken kýsh ekenin eskerip, osy kýshti barynsha tiyimdi paydalanudyng joldaryn qarastyru qajet. Ár ónirdegi jaghdaygha baylanysty ókim týri әrtýrli boluy mýmkin. Biraq auyl malsyz kýn kóre almasy anyq. Sondyqtan auyl manyndaghy jayylymdyq, shabyndyq jerler auyl iygiligi ýshin paydalanylatynday zandargha ózgerister engizu әli de bolsa mýmkin.

Núrqasym ASUBEKOV,

zeynetker

Almaty oblysy,

Qaratal audany,

Tastóbe auyly

«Obshestvennaya pozisiya»

proekt «DAT» №44 (315) ot 17 dekabrya 2015 g.