ShEJIRE-MIYF, GENETIKA JÁNE ShYNGhYS QAGhAN (BASY)
«...bizding mәdeniyetimizdi, bizding psihologiyamyzdy, bizding ruhymyzdy tabandylyqpen jәne bayyppen qalyptastyrghan ata-babalarymyzdyng ózderi meken etken, jasaghan, sýigen jәne jaularyn óltirgen sol bir ghajayyp dýniyesine bet búratyn uaqyt boldy. Mifke oralatyn sәt keldi...»
Serikbol Qondybay
Alshyn – Alash
«Anyzdyng týbi aqiqat» degendi basqa últ ókilderi: «Mif eto odna iz versiy pravdy» dese, «Arghyqazaq mifologiyasy» atty tórt tomdyq ghylymy enbek jazyp ketken Alashtyng balasy, marqúm Serikbol Qondybay: «Mif degenimiz jasyryn maghynaly mәlimet» degen edi. Al endi, men ózimning jazghan «Bóri nayman» atty kitәbimde, osy Serikbol marqúmdy estimegen, onyng enbekterin oqymaghan kezderimde, shejirelerde Leonardo da Vinchiyding kody siyaqty jasyryn maghynalardyng bar ekenin aitqan edim. Yaghni, shejire degenimiz miyf, eshqanday da, Týrik ata, Manghol ata, Alash ata, Aqarys, Janarys, Bekarystar, Nayman shal men Jalayyr atalar tarihta bolghan emes, búl ataulardyng bәri de, Serikbol marqúm aitqanday, Qazaq shejiresindegi jasyryn maghynaly mәlimetter. Búnday jasyryn maghynalardyng mәnisin tek, Serikbol marqúm siyaqty qasiyetke, yaghni, ruhany quatqa ie bolghan, boylaryna qydyr daryghan, ayan kóripkeldigi basym, sezimi, yaghni, intuisiyasy myqty, qanynda shejireshiligi bar, adamdar ghana týsine alady.
Biz kótergeli otyrghan taqyryptaghy Shynghys qaghannyng shyqqan tegi de júmbaq, qazasy da júmbaq, molasy da júmbaq. Sondyqtan, osy qúpiyalardy sheshu ýshin shejireni, derekterdi, tarihti bilu jetkiliksiz. Tylsym dýniyesiz ghylymnyng dәstýrli joly bizderdi aqiqatqa apara almaydy.
Bizder qazirgi Resey múraghatyndaghy derekterden: «Leytenant Koshkarbaev pervym vorvalsya v zdanie reyhstaga» degendi oqydyq. Mine, Úly qazaqtyng bir qara balapany jýzdegen ýlken de, úly da, últtardyng ókilderining eshbireuine kezek bermey, borap túrghan oqtargha jenis bermey Reyhstagqa búzyp-jaryp kirip tu tikti! Men neshe jerden shejireshi bolsam da, osy Raqymjan atanyn, Bauyrjan atanyn, Tólegen Tohtarovtyn, Sabyr Rahimovtyn, Talghat Biygeldinovtyn, Qasym Qaysenovtyn, Mәnshýktin, Áliyanyng shyqqan tekterin, yaghni, rularyn bilmeydi ekenmin. Tipti, bilgim de, kelmeydi, óitkeni, men qazaqpyn, sondyqtan men olardy tek qana qazaqtyng úl-qyzdary dep bilemin. Al endi, Shynghys hannyng shyqqan tegin bilu bizderge, onyng qazaq bolghanyn dәleldeu ýshin ghana kerek. Naghyz qazaq, ózin onyng ýrpaghyna jatqyzu ýshin tarihty zerttemeydi. «Qanyna tartpaghannyng qary synsyn» degendey, ony qazaqtyng qanyna tartu ýshin zertteydi.
Serikbol Qondybay marqúm: «Tekti úl tegin izdeydi, teksiz qúl nesin izdeydi?» degen eken. Shynghys hannyng shyqqan tegin izdep jýrgen bir tóreni kórgen emespin. Tipti, tórelerding shejireshisi Arman Qiyattyng ózine menin: «Áy, ainalayyn, qashanghy «jabayy tatar» bolyp júre beresinder, tórelerdin tizimin jighansha, shejireden atannyng izin qumaysyng ba?» degenim de, bolghan. Búlar atalarynyng izin qughandy qoyyp, Aman Shotaev degen bireui ózin súltan atap, Qazaqstandaghy kýlli tórening atynan sóilep: «Bizder, Shynghys hannyng úrpaqtary eshbir rugha múqtaj emespiz, sondyqtan bizdi rugha tartushylargha qarsymyz!» degen eken. Búlardyng týbining merkit emes ekenderin de, men dәleldep bergen edim. Osyghan deyin kýlli qazaq búlardy merkitke sanaghan. Búl, sharighat jolynda jýrmin degen súltansymaq Shynghys handy sonda, núrdan jaraldygha sanap kýpirshilik jasap, Allahqa seriktik etip otyr. Búndaylargha Úly qazaq ta, múqtaj emes.
Bizder qaralar, olardyng handyghyn, súltandyghyn bayaghyda tartyp alghanbyz. Búl «jabayy tatarlar» (qytaylar aitqan) eshqashan da, endi handyq qúra almaydy, biylikke kele almaydy. Óitkeni, Shynghys qaghanday adamdy tóreler qayta dýniyege әkele almaydy. Shynghys qaghan siyaqtynyng dýniyege endi bir keluin búiyrtsa, onda, ony tek qana qan-qaryndastyqty saqtaghan qazaqtar ghana әkele alady. Qazirgi tóreler qazaq halqynyng ishinde jәy ghana bir, rugha kirmeytin jamaghat bolyp qalghan. Sondyqtan da, men kitәbimning «Naymandar jәne tóreler» atty tarauynda jazghandarymda, Shynghys hannyng úrpaqtarynyng Nayman handarynyng úrpaqtarymen sýiek-shatys bolghandardyng ghana tórelerding eng aldy ekenderin aitqanmyn. Naymannyng ghúlama shejiresi Ghúlam Qadyr, Naymandy biylegen Kóshek hannyn: «Nayman baspaghan jer jetim, Naymannan qyz almaghan er jetim» degen sózderin bizderge jetkizip ketken edi.
Qazaqtar tekti adamdy «qarakókting túqymy» deydi. Yaghni, naghyz tektiler, naghyz qarakókter, qaradan shyqqan myna bizder - Úly qazaqtarmyz. Men tórening basyn almas qylyshpen shauyp tastaghan nayman Kókjal Baraqtyng qara shanyraghyndaghy úrpaghy bolamyn. Osy jóninde, belgili aqyn-jazushy, til qayratkeri, Kókjal Baraq әuletining әigili kelini, egemendik alghanymyzda babamyzgha óz kýshimen eng alghashqy eskertkishti qoydyrtqan, babamyzdyng jatqan jerin tapqan aqnaymandyq Shekerbanu jengemizdin «Kókjal Baraq batyr» atty, tarihy derekterding negizinde jazylghan kitәbinde aitylghan. Sondyqtan aitarym, osynday tórelerdi qorazdandyrmay, rushyl bolyp Shynghys qaghangha talaspayyq, bir qu kerey aitty eken dep, tólengitti tórge sýirep búlargha kýlki bolmayyq aghayyn!
Shynghys qaghan eki ayaghy salbyrap aspannan týsken joq. Ony jer betindegi bir taypa dýniyege әkeldi. Bizge bar bolghany, sol taypanyn Úly qazaq taypasy ekenin dәleldeu kerek. Osy dәleldeude bizder eng aldymen genealogiyalyq, yaghny shejirelik saraptamany, jәne de, osynyng dәleli retinde genetikalyq saraptamany ústanamyz.
Serikbol Qondybay marqúmnyng joldastary: «Serikboldyng jazghandaryn qazirgi ghalymdar týsinuge dayyn emes, óitkeni, olardyng sanalary ótken dәuirdegi kommunistik iydeologiyamen ulanghan!» degen eken. Alay da, Serikboldy týsingen adamdar tabylghan. Olar, yaghni, eng alghash týsingender Aqseleu Seydimbek, Qoyshyghara Salgharaúly, Imanghaly Tasmaghanbet edi. Yaghni, búlardyng da, boyynda qasiyet, arqa bar. Al endi, Kenes dәurindegi arqaly ghúlama - Álkey Marghúlan edi. Ol kisi Qonyrattyng bosagha tanbasyn kýlli qazaqtyng tanbasyna jatqyzghan. Búl danalyqtyng túbinde tereng maghyna jatyr!
Alshyn degenderimiz kimder? Kishi jýz qúramyndaghy Bayúly men Álimúlyn Alshyn toby dep ataydy. Jetiru alshyndargha jatpaydy, búlar Tәuke han qalyptastyrghan naymannyn, kereydin, dulattyn, arghynnyn, telesterding sayaqtary. Qytay derekterinde alshyndar eng alghash, bo-ma, hela, elu-chjy dep atalghan. Búl sózder Ala at, Ala atshy, Aalaatshyn, Alshyn degendi bildiredi. Qytaydyng «Tundyani» tekstinde: «Turky (tuszue) pegih koney nazyvayt hela (ala); eshe izvestna strana Hela».
Yaghni, búl jerde ala attargha mingen el jóninde aitylyp túr. Demek, Alshyn etnoniymining bastapqy atauy alaatshylar, týrikshe alatchin bolghan. Osymen qatar Alatshyn sózi Alash sózimen ýndesedi. Qazaqtardyn: «Alash-Alash bolghanda, ala tay at bolghanda» degeni, qytaylardyng aitqan alaatshylar elining Alash, yaghni, eng alghashqy qazaqtar ekenderin bildirip túrghanday.
Men jazghan kitәbimde qazanat túqymyn nayman Qaptaghay batyrdyng arabtyng dýldýl tektes tenbil kók aighyryn jabygha qosyp alghanyn aitqan edim. Aday jylqysynyng da, sipatynda arabtyng tenbil kógi bar. Tenbil at degenimiz súr týsti, qarauytqan daqtary bar at. Orystar «seraya v yablokah» deydi. Ala tayymyz osy sipatty at bolsa kerek. Óitkeni, Amerika qúrlyghyndaghy mustang, yaghni, jolaq ala attar qazaqta keng taramaghan. Aday jylqysynyng da, qazanattyng sipatyndaghy qúima túyaghy bar. Meninshe, Aday jylqysynyng týbi tenbil kók arab, jәne de, jogharghy alaatshyndar osynday attargha minip jýrip osylay atalghan.
Tarihta Alashtyng kim bolghanynyng naqty dәleli joq. Meninshe Alash, Alshyn degendirimiz bir úghym – Qart qazaq. Osy túrghydan qaraghanda qazirgi Alashtar osy Alshyn toby bolyp keledi. Alashqa qatysty "Alash mynyn" eske alatyn bolsaq, Ábilghazy aitqan Alanshy han, Qara han túsyndaghy mangholdardyng naqty ataulary Myn+qol Alash, ne bolmasa Myn-qol Alshyn boluy mýmkin. Búl 9-10 ghasyrlardaghy Qimaq dәuiri. Arghymaq degendi Serikbol Arghy+Imaq, yaghni, Arghy Qimaq dep týsindiredi. Orhon jazularynda Alash, Alshyn ataulary kezdespegendikterinen bizder, búl Alash qauymynyn, yaghny ala at mingenderding 8-shi ghasyrdan keyin payda bolghandaryn týsinemiz. Ábilghazynyn: «Alynsha han bolghannan keyin mal basy kóbeyip, halyq baylyqqa mas bolyp, tәnirdi úmytty, dinnen ajyrady» degeni, Qimaq dәuirinde bolghan. Yaghni, «qoy ýstinde boz torghay júmyrtaqalaghan», «Alash – alash bolghanda, Ala tay at bolghanda, Qoy ensiz, tay tanbasyz bolghandaghy» qart qazaq-alshyndardyng zamany osy kezen.
(jalghasy bar)
Qayrat Dәukeev, Shejireshi
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