Negizgi eliktep әuestengen kәsibi – ghylym,al qamshynyng sabynday qysqa ómirining mәni men maghanasy – bilim bolghan han Jәngir aghartushylyq salasynda qazaq halqynyn túnghysh ghalymy Shoqan Uәlihanovtan 34 jylgha, birinshi qazaq ústazy Ybyray Altynsarinnan 40 jylgha jәne úly qazaq oishyly Abay Qúnanbaevtan 44 jylgha ozyq túrghany tarihy aqiqat.

Biraq, belgisiz bir sebeptermen osy kýnge deyin qalyng búqaranyng osynshama iri tarihy túlghanyng ómiri men iygi isteri jayly mәlimetterden mýldem beyhabar bolyp kelgeni әri týsiniksiz, әri óte ókinishti jaghday.

Ótken jyly bir kezdeysoq júmys jaghdayymen Qazan qalasynda issaparmen bolghanymda osy jәitke kózim jetti. Sol joly Tatarstan Últtyq kitaphanasynyng diyrektory mening N.IY.Lobachevskiy atyndaghy Qazan uniyversiytet kitaphanasyna kelgenimdi, al ózim Almatydaghy QR BGhM «Ghylym ordasy» RMK-nyng Qazaqstan ghylymy tarihynyng múrajayynda júmys isteytinimdi bilgennen keyin maghan Qazan uniyversiytetining tarihy múrajayyn jәne Tatarstan Respublikasynyng Últtyq múrajayyn kórgeniniz abzal bolar edi – dep qolqa saldy.

Sonau 1804 jyly qúrylghan Qazan uniyversiytetinde 10 múrajay (muzey) júmys isteydi eken. Olar: arheologiya, geologiya, ósimdiktanu, zoologiya, etnografiya, pedagogika tarihy, uniyversiytet tarihy, kazan himiyalyq mektebi, eski zattar múrajayy men múrajay-zerthana.

Qazan uniyversiyteti tarihynyng múrajayynda kórinisti jerde osy uniyversiytetting qúrmetti mýshelerining portrettik galereyasy jasalynghan eken. Ótken ghasyrlardaghy Reseyding ghylymy men aghartushylyq salasyndaghy asa kórnekti qayratkerlerining portretteri arasynda men Bókey Ordasynyng biyleushisi Jәngirding portretin kórip tang qaladym. Qazaqstannan osynshama shalghay jerde ghylym men aghartu salasyndaghy qazaq hanynyng enbegine layyqty týrde әdil jәne joghary bagha berilgendigi meni qatty quantty!

Qalay masattanbasqa, eger birtuar túlghamyzgha óz halqy 169 jyldan beri kórsete almay kele jatqan qoshemetti bauyrlas tatar halqy kórsetip jatsa. Sol jerde esime Jәngirler izbasary – kósemsóz ústasy Qadyrdyn «Bizding tarih búl da bir qalyng tariyh, oqulyghy júp-júqa biraq taghy!» – degen qanatty sózi eriksiz týsti.

Osy kórinisting әserimen bizderde kezinde olarmen ortaq tariyh, ortaq memlekettilik bolghany, qazaq jәne tatar halyqtary arasynda әrqashan sayasi, ekonomikalyq jәne mәdeny baylanys bolghany, VI–VIII ghasyrlarda qazaqtar men tatarlar Týrki Qaghanaty qúramyna engen kezderi, taghy basqa-da arghy tarihymyz turaly oilardy esime aldym.

Sonymen qatar, XIII–XIV ghasyrlarda Povoljie men Qazaqstan jerleri – tarihta Altyn Orda atauymen әigili – Joshy Úlysy qúramyna kirdi. Al, XVII–XVIII ghasyrlarda bashqúrt kóterilisine tatarlarmen birge qazaqtar da qatysty.

Sonau 1730-1750 jyldarda tatar myrzasy Aleksey Tevkelev qazaqtardyng kishi jýzining ru bastaushylarymen olardyng reseylik azamattyqty qabyldauy turaly kelissózderdi jýrgizdi. XVIII ghasyrdyng ayaghy men HH ghasyrdyng basyna deyingi kezende tatar moldalary men kópesteri qazaqtardyng oqu-aghartushylyq tarapynda damuyna, Qazaqstan qalalarynda naryqtyq infraqúrylymdyqtyng boluyna jәne el ekonomikasynyng damuyna ýlken ýlesterin qosty.

1803 jyl men 1917 jyldar aralyghynda Qazan qalasy sol ónirdegi oqu okrugining ortalyghy bolghany mәlim. Qazan okrugining inspektorlary qazaq oqu-aghartu mekemelerine de jetekshilik etti. HIH-HH ghasyrlarda Qazan uniyversiytetinde jәne Qazan veterinarlyq institutynda kóptegen qazaqtar oqyp, nәtiyjesinde olar ghalym, memleket jәneqogham qayratkerleri bola aldy.

Qazan uniyversiytetining týrkitanushy professorlary N.I.Iliminskiy men N.F.Katanovtyng jeke qorlarynda qazaq halqynyng etnografiyasy men foliklory boyynsha qújattar saqtaluda. Búl zattar olardy tang qaldyrghan zerdeli qazaq hany Jәngirden alynghan eken.

Bókey Ordasynyng 1823-1845 jyldar aralyghyndaghy songhy hany – Jәngir (1801-1845jj.). Ol Bókey hannyng balasy, Abylhayyr hannyng shóberesi. Tolyq aty Jihanger – «Álem biyleushisi» maghynasyn bildiredi. Bilesizder, adam esimi kóp maghynany bildiretinin jәne kóp nәrsege mindetteytinin: «qayyqty qalay atasan, ol solay jýzedi».

Bókey Ordasy sol uaqytta Jayyq jәne Edil ózenderinining tómengi saghasyndaghy aumaqqa ie boldy. Jas kezinde Jәngir bastauysh bilimdi ýidegi múghalim-molladan aldy. Sodan keyin ol әkesining sheshimimen Astrahan gubernatorynyng otbasynda tәrbiyelendi. Sol jerde handyqty basqarudyng әkimshilik әdisteri tarapynan bilim aldy.

Ol óz zamanynyng óte joghary dengeydegi bilim iyegerine ainaldy: orys, parsy, arab, tatar tilderin bildi jәne ishinara nemis tilin de iygerdi. Jәngirge biliminen alghan paydasy jas kezinde sezile bastady. Sondyqtan ol Ordada birde de bir ýy bolmaghan kezding ózinde mektep ashu turaly pighyly men niyetin jasyrghan joq. Ol kezde Ordada han sarayy da joq bolytan.

Jәngir halqynyng dәstýrleri men salttaryn qatang ústanghany turaly zamandastary atap kórsetken bolatyn. Ol óz ortasynda – kóshpendi, sauattylar ortasynda – ghalym. Onyng pikirin basqa adamdar erekshe qyzyghushylyqpen jәne zeyinimen tyndaghan. Ol qúldarsha bas iygen tәueldi qoghamnan, shekteusiz qysy-jazy kóship-qonyp jýrgen kezderde ayanyshty ólender saryny boydy biylegen ortadan Europa dәstýri qalyptasqan oishyldar әlemine, memlekettik qayratkerlikterdi qúraytyn әleuetti ghalymdar qoghamyna batyl qadam basty.

Jәngir Euraziyalyq ghylym men mәdeniyetting kórnekti qayratkerlerimen tyghyz aralasty. Handy bilimdi biyleushi retinde ensiklopedist Aleksandr Gumbolit, ósimdiktanushy Karl Klaus, himik A.Bergman, Tartu uniyversiytetining professory F.Gebeli, A.S.Pushkinning dosy S.A.Raevskiy, etnograf jәne ózining seriktesi G.Karelin asa asa joghary qúrmettedi.

Ataqty lingvist, әri orys tilining «Týsindirme sózdiginin» qúrastyrushysy V.IY.Dali, Qazan uniyversiytetining professory Karl Fuks, memlekettik qayratker N.Musiyn-Pushkiyn, ghalym-sayahattanushysy E.Kovalevskiy, ataqty shyghys zertteushisi V.Grigoriev pen P.Nebolisiyn, geograftar Ya.V. jәne N.V. Hanykovtar, antropolog A.Haruzin jәne taghy basqalar Jәngir hanmen qarym-qatynasta boldy.

Jәngir bilimge, aghartushylyq pen mәdeniyetke boy úrmay halyq mýddesin tiyimdi týrde qorghau aldaghy uaqytta mýmkin emes ekendigin qazaq handyrynyng ishinde birinshisi bolyp týsindi. Ol bastauysh mektepteri bar meshitterdi salu ýshin qarjy jinaugha arnalghan ru biyleushileri men iri ru bólimderin mindetteytin arnayy jarlyq ta shyghardy. Búl jarlyq qazaq halqy tarapynan layyqty týsinistik tapty.

Jәngir HIH ghasyrdyng 30-shy jyldarynyng ortasynda han ordasynda ortalyq mektep úiymdastyru mýmkindigin oilastyra bastaydy. Onyng boljamy boyynsha búl mektep balalardy reseylik arnayy oqu oryndaryna týsu ýshin dayyndaugha kerek bolatyn. Búl mektepting ashyluy 1841 jyly han Ordasynda ótti. Mektepti ústau ýshin júmsalatyn shyghyndardy han óz mindetine aldy. Ómirding songhy kýnine deyin, yaghny 1845 jylgha deyin han óz tabystarynyng arqasynda mektepti ústady, oqushylardan ózi emtihandardy aldy. Ol is jýzinde mektepting birinshi múghalimi edi, al mektep isinde onyng kómekshisi – Sadriddin Amin degen tatar azamaty bolghan.

Búl mektep sol dәuirde býkil qazaq dalasyndaghy jalghyz mektep bolatyn, yaghny býgin Jәngirdi qazaqtyng alghashqy aghartushysy dep aitugha tolyq negiz bar. Han mektebi qazaq halqynyng belgili bir dengeyde sauattylyqqa әuestigin, bilim jәne mәdeniyetpen baylanysyn oyatugha mýmkindik berdi. 

Orynbor kadet korpusyn bitirgen Jәngir mektebining týlekteri bilimmen qatar ofiyserlik shender alyp otyrdy. Mektep Qazaqstanda jalpy mәdeniyetting damuy qozghalysynda aitarlyqtay manyzdy róli atqardy. Búghan Jәngirdin ózi bylay dep jazghan pikiri dәlel: «Bizding balalar qoghamgha izgilikti týrde qyzmet etu ýshin bilim ala otyryp, barlyq ghylymdy bile alady dep jar salamyn. Osynyng bәri meni qatty quantady, sebebi bilimge qoly jetui – mening halqym ýshin eng ýlken baqyt».

Jәngir han qazaq halynyng aldaghy tarihy kezende kóshependilik dәuirden otyryqshy ómir sýru kezenine ótuin qoldady, jerdi jeke menshikke beru sharalaryn jýrgizdi. Tauar ainalymynyng dengeyin kóteru maqsatymen jәne kópesterding sanyn arttyru ýshin onyng sauda sayasaty jәrmenkeler úiymdastyrugha baghyttalghan bolatyn. 1832 jyly ol Bókey Ordasynda sauda jәrmenkesin ótkizdi, medisinalyq bólimder men dәrihana ashty (1838), múraghat pen handyqtyng kartasyn qúrastyrdy.

Jәngir sol kezdegi qazaqtartardyng túrmystyq zattarynyng múrajaylyq toptamasy men mәdeniyetining tarihyn jasady. Bókey Ordasynyng mәdeny ómirinde eng bedeldi oryndy «qaru-jaraq bólmesi» aldy. Qazaqstandaghy múrajaylyq isiting alghashqa qadamy da osydan bastalady. «Qaru-jaraq bólmesi» otbasy-dinastiyalyq qaru-jaraq toptamasynan, sonymen qatar qúndy qújattardan túrghan bolatyn.

HIH ghasyrda Qazan uniyversiyteti Resey ghylymynyng aldynghy qatarynda boldy. Ol kezde Bókey Ordasy aumaqtyq túrghydan Qazan oqu ónirine jatatyn. Qazan – uniyversiytet qalasy men oqy okrugynyng ortalyghy bolghan. Sondyqtan, Jәngirding nazary Qazan qalasyna audy.

1826 jyly Bókey Ordasynyng hany Jәngir Reseyding Nikolay I patshasynyng tәj kiygizu jorasyna Mәskeu qalasyna shaqyryldy. Qaytar jolynda ol Qazangha at basyn tiredi. Jәngir Qazandaghy óz saparyn uniyversiytetten bastady.  Jәngir Qazan uniyversiytetin aralaghan kezde ózining súraqtaryn sypayy jәne abaylap qoydy – dep professor Karl Fuks aitqan bolatyn. Ol arab jәne tatar monetalaryna, arab jәne tatar manuskripterin erekshe kónil kónil audarghan, әdemi jazylghan alkarondardy jәne jazba kitaptaryn qyzygha qaraghan. Sodan keyin hangha globustyng maghynasyn týsindirildi. Zoologiya kabiynetinde Jәngir qústardyng túlyptaryn qarady jәne qazaqtar ang aulaghan kezde paydalanatyn jәne jaqsy kóretin súnqúrlardy izdedi. Jәngir Karl Fukspen әngimelesken kezde oghan ózininng eki balasynyng óskennen keyin Qazan uniyversiytetinde tәrbie alsa iygi bolar edi degen tilegin aitty. Sol joly ol: «Bizding qazaqtar da ózdirining jeke mektebinde bilim alatyn uaqyty әli keledi!» – dep aitqan bolatyn.

Handy uniyversiytette ózimen birge alyp jýrgen professov Karl Fuks «Qyrghyz hany Jәngirding Qazanda boluy» atty maqala jazyp, ony jariyalaghan song Bókey Ordasyna jiberdi.

Jәngir han Qazan uniyversiytetining birinshi rektorlary Karl Fuks jәne N.IY.Lobachevskiymen tyghyz qarym-qatynasta boldy. Olarmen hat jazysty, jogharghy oqu ornynyng jebeushisi boldy. Qazaq jastary sol mekemede bilim aluy ýshin ol óte kóp isterdi jýzege asyrdy. Ol qazaq halqynyng auyz әdeby shygharmashylyghyn zerttedi jәne qazaqtyng shejire kitaptaryn jinady, ózi birneshe epikalyq shygharmalar jazdy. 

Han uniyversiytetpen baylanysty eshqashan ýzgen emes. Jәngir 1839 jәne 1844 jyldary Qazangha qayta bardy jәne uniyversiytet kitaphanasyna arab, parsy jәne týrki tilderinde 6 qúndy ejelgi jazbalardy syigha tartty. Solay ol shyghys fakulitetining kitap qoryn toltyrugha at salysty. Jәngir qaytys bolar aldynda uniyversiytet kitaphanasyna parsy tilindegi ýsh siyrek kezdesetin qoljazbany syigha tartty. Ózining 1844 jylghy Qazangha barghan songhy sapary kezinde ol kóptegen arnayy qonaq astarynda, by rәsimderinde bolyp, Karl Fukstyng әdebiyet keshine qatysty.

Qazanda bolghan kezde Jәngir han Qazan uniyversiytetining professory, ataqty shyghystanushy Qazym Bekten músylmandar ýshin asa manyzdy kitapty baspadan shygharugha kómek beruin ótindi. Ol osy «Muhteseruli-vikgaet» («Qysqartylghan zantanu») atty ejelgi arab shygharmasyn dayyndady jәne baspadan basyp shyghardy. Búl kitapty barlyq músylmandyq mektepterde klassikalyq shygharma dep esepteydi. Qazym Bek Jәngir handy aghartushylyqtyng qorghaushysy retinde qúrmettep, hannyng tilegin búljytpay oryndady. Sol ýshin 1844 jyly 18 qarashada Jәngir han onyng ótinishin óte jaqsy oryndalghanyn atap ótip, ghalymgha alghys hatyn jiberdi. Kitap Jәngir hannyng qarjylyq kómegimen Euraziya aumaghynda alghashqy ret dýniyege keldi. Kazem Bekpen tanystyq dostyqqa ainaldy. Olar hat jazyzyp túrdy. Qarym-qatynastarynyng sonshama jaqyn balghandyghyna olardyng qúrdas bolghandyghy da yqpal etti.

Qazan uniyversiytetining ghalymdary 1844 jyly Jәngir hannyng jan-jaqtyly biliminin, oilary men pikirlerin joghary baghalaldy. Hannyng aghartushylyqqa kóp kónil bóletinin, shyghys tarihy boyynsha zertteulerge belsendi qatysatynyn eskerip, onyng bilim men ghylymgha tiygizgen kómegin baghalay otyra ghalymdar ony Qazan uniyversiytetining qúrmetti mýshesi etip taghayyndauyn birdauyspen qoldady. Jәngir ózining osynday qúrmetti ataghyn maqtan etti. Uniyversiytetting materialdyq bazasyna kómek bergeni ýshin han osynday abyroygha ie boldy. Jәngir Qazan uniyversiytetining kitaphanasyna VIII-XI ghasyrlardyng alty siyrek qoljazbasyn syigha tartty. Ol osy kóne dәuir rariytetterining әuesqoyy, izdeushisi jәne bilimpaz bilgiri boldy. Han bergen materialdarda qazaq halyqynyng ghasyrlar boyy auyzdan-auyzgha berilip kelgen epikalyq poemalarynyng núsqalary boldy.

Oghan berilgen patent-madaqtamany ol ózining qonaq bólmesinde qúrmet jiyektemesinde saqtady. S-Peterburgting «Soltýstik ara» (1844) gazetining korrespondenti Jәngir han turaly óz pikirin kelesi sózdermen dәiektedi: «Jәngir siyaqty aduyn qúpiyasynyng iyesin, osyshamam bilimi bar adamdy dala mekendeushisinen tapqan kezde, oghan tang qalmau mýmkin emes. Onyng pikirleri jәne jalpy oi-óristik joldaulary Europa órkeniyettiligining kóbin ol óz boyyna sinirip alghandyghyn angharttyrady.

Qazan uniyversiytetinde student Lev Tolstoy, V.Uliyanov (Leniyn), A.Rykovtar leksiya tyndaghan akt zaly men zang fakulitetining auditoriyasy býgingi kýni de júmys isteydi. Múrajaydyng kórinetin jerinde uniyversiytetting eki týlegi – Qazan uniyversiyteti rektorlarynyng portretteri ornalasqan. Olar: matematiyk, evklidtik emes geometriyanyng qúrastyrushysy N.IY.Lobachevskiy jәne himiyk, organikalyq zattardyng himiyalyq qúrylys teoriyasyn qúrastyrushysy A.M.Butlerov.

Qazan uniyversiytetining týlekteri qatarynda S.Aksakov, V.Hlebnikov, A.V. Vishnevskiy, A.E. Arbuzov jәne taghy basqalar edi. A.M.Gorikiy Qazan uniyversiytetining abiturenti bolghan. Uniyversiytetke jas kezinde Fedor Shalyapin jii kelip jýrdi. Osynda kórnekti fiziolog, psihiatr jәne psiholog V.M.Behterevting keshendi eksponattary bar. Qazan uniyversiytetining tarihy múrajayynda ótkenning siyrek kezdesetin jәdigerleri saqtalghan: Nobeli syilyghynyng laureaty L.Landaudyng qoyyn dәpteri, Nobeli syilyghynyng laureattary V.Ginzberg jәne IY.Tammnyng qoltanbalary jәne kóptegen basqa erekshe eksponattar.

XIX ghasyrda qazaq-orys mәdeny baylanystary qalyptasqan kezde Reseyde ghylym jәne bilim gýldendi. Osy kezdegi oqu oryndary sanynyng kóbeyui bilimning órkendeuine Reseyding ózinde ghana emes, sonmen birge últtyq aimaqtardy da osy proseske tartuyna kómektesti

XIX ghasyrda qazaq qoghamynyng ishinde sauatty adamdardyng qajettiligi payda boldy. Osynday qajettilik handyqtyng soltýstik kórshimen syrtqy baylanysyn nyghaytuyna yqpal etti. Jәngir han búl baghytta belsendi týrde júmys istedi. Ol S.-Peterburg pen Mәskeuge birneshe ret sapar jasady, imperatordyng tәj kiygizu jorasyna qatysty, Qazan, Orynbor, Astrahangha baryp jýrdi.

Aghartushylyq ómir saltyn nasihattau maqsatymen Jәngir Ordada aqsýiekter jinalystaryn ótkizdi, balalardy oqugha beruge shaqyrdy. HIH ghasyrdyng 30 jyldarynyng sonynda qazaq balalary men jasóspirimderin Resey oqu oryndarynda oqytuy Bókey handyghynda qoghamdyq qoldau aldy. Resey oqu oryndarynda balalardy oqytugha arnalghan ýgit-nasihaty Jәngir han sayasatynyng negizgi bóligine ainaldy. Han ózining barlyq balalaryn, sonyng ishinde qyzdaryn da, orys oqu oryndaryna bergeni Orda túrghyndaryna ýlken әser etti.

Jәngirding S.-Peterburg, Astrahani, Orynbor, Qazan oqu oryndaryna qazaq jastaryn qabyldaugha vakantty ashyq bos oryndardyng rúqsatyn aluyna qoly jetti. Kezinde Orys geografiyalyq qoghamynyng mýshesi bolyp saylanghan jәne osy qoghamnyng kýmis medalimen marapattalghan (Sh.Uәlihanovtan keyingi Orys geografiyalyq qoghamy mýshesine saylanghan ekinshi qazaq jәne ghylymy júmystary ýshin kýmis medalimen marapattalghan birinshi qazaq) – HIH ghasyrdyng ortasyndaghy bilimdi qazaqtardyng biri jәne Ordadaghy Jәngir mektebi týlekterining biri Múhambet-Salyq Babajanov bylay dep jazghan: «1801 jylgha deyin bizding qazaqtargha «hat» degen sóz týsiniksiz boldy. Ol anyz әreket siyaqty kózge elestetildi, mysaly auada samghap qalqu siyaqty. Osy uaqyttan bastap, yaghny halyqymyz Oral ózeniging ong jaghyna kóshken kezden bastap bizde hattyng anyz emes ekendigi moyyndaldy. Onyng bólek jaghdaylarda tilekti auyzsha bildiruden kýshti ekenin el týsine bastady».

Hannyng bilim salasyndaghy baghdarlamasy men mektepti ashu maqsaty onyng Sh.Núraliyevke jazghan hatynda anyq kórinedi. 1841 jyly Jәngir bylay dep jazghan bolatyn: «Sizderdi tiyisti ijdaghattaryn jәne jaqyndary men dostaryn, sonymen birge barlyq kerek adamdardyng aqyldaryn tiyisinshe qoldanasyzdar degen senimdimin. Eger ghylym qazirgi uaqyttyng ózinde qoghamgha osynshama ýlken paydany әkelse, bolashaqta bizding nemerelerimiz ghylym men bilimsiz jaqsy ómir sýre almaydy. Búdan bylay sauatsyz jәne orys tilin bilmeytin adamdardy juapty júmystargha belgilemeydi. Qazaqtar arasynda emshilerding boluy bizge óte paydaly jәne tiyimdi. Ár bir ynta, aqashalay qarajattyng әr bir shyghyny jasósprimderdi oqytugha ketetin bolsa, onda ol bolashaqta jýz ese artyq tabys әkeledi. Qarajatty ghylymnyng damuyna, iygi iydeyalargha jәne halyqqa adal qyzmet etuige júmsaghanymyz dúrys bolar edi».

Jәngirding atqarghan isteri dalagha ketken joq. Ordadaghy han mektebi men Bókey handyghyndaghy basqa mektepterde oqu oqugha tilek bildirushiler sany jyldan jylgha kóbeye bastady. Jәngir han biylek etken kezendegi Bókey handyghynda aghartushylyq mәdeniyetining qyzmetindegi jetistikter Qazaqstannyng basqa aumaqtaryna da ýlken әserin tiygizdi.

Oral qalasyndaghy Jәngir han eskertkishi

Resey mәdeniyetining Bókey handyghyna tiygizgen әseri qazaq balalarynyng orys bilimin aluy boyynsha sәtti jýrdi. Hannyng aghartushylyqty órkendetu salasy boyynsha júmsaghan kýshi tekke ketpedi. Onyng qazaq jasóspirimderin Qazan uniyversiytetine oqugha ornalasuyna qoly jetti. 1877 jyldan bastap Qazan uniyversiytetinde qazaq jastary bilim ala bastady. Osy uaqyttan bastap 1917 jylgha deyin atalmysh uniyversiytette 33 adam kurstan ótti, onyng ishinde 20-sy oqudy sәtti ayaqtady.

Qazaq qoghamynyng aldynghy qatarly ókilderi ózderinde bastauysh mektepterin ashty. Ol mektepterde Qazan jәne Ufadan shaqyrylghan diny múghalimder sabaq jýrgizdi. Qazannyng diny adamdary qazaq qoghamynyng islamdanuynda belgili dәrejede qoldau kórsetti. Ordagha Qazannyng mollalary shaqyryldy, al qazaq balalary Qazandaghy diny mektep-medresege oqugha bardy. Bókey Ordasynda 20 jyl biylik etken Jәngir han óz maqsatyna jetti – «...kiyiz ýy jәne basty meshittegi mollalardyng ornyn tabighy qazaqtar basty».

Tәuelsizdik jyldarynda qazaqstandyq tarihshylar Jәngir handy esterine óte siyrek alady. Onyng sebebi: kenestik iydeologiya taptyq qarama-qayshylyq taqyrybyn 70 jyldan astam paydalandy jәne qazaq halqynyng birtuar túlghasyn qanqúmar, paydalanushysy, menmensingen, masayraghan, oi-órisi shektelgen zerdesi tayyz qaradýrsin eser adam etip beynelegen. Jәne búnday jalghan surettemeni halyqtyng sanasyna әbden qúiyp tastaghan. 

Jәngir handyqty basqarugha kirisken kezde, qazaq dalalaryndaghy sayasy jaghdayy tym shiyelenisip ketkeni bәrimizge belgili. Jer bólgen kezde jiberligen jetispeushilikterge baylanysty, ol qolaysyz sharalar jasaugha mәjbýr boldy.

Jәngir jýrgizgen sayasattyng nәtiyjesi 1836-1837 jyldardaghy әigili Isatay Taymanov jәne Mahambet Ótemisov bastaghan halyq tolquyna әkeldi. Kóterilis qazaq feodaldary men Resey sayasatyna qarsy baghyttaldy. Jәngir reseylik әsker kómegimen  ony basty. Búl hannyng qateligi emes edi. Ol keresinshe jas biyleushi ýshin auyr qasiret jәne jazylmaytyn jan jarasy boldy. Sebebi Jәngir tekti jaratylysynan, ýlgili tәrbiyesi men adal peyili túrghysynan ózining sanaly ómirining songhy kýnine deyin óz halqynyng solqaraly oqighasyn qabyrghasy qayysyp qayghyra bilgen asyl túlgha. Dәl Shoqan Uәlihanov siyaqty.

Byltyr Tatarstan Respublikasynyng Bilim jәne ghylym ministrligi men Mәdeniyet ministrligi, Qazan uniyversiytetining basshylyghy men Batyr Kenjetaev bastaghan Qazan qalasyndaghy qazaq diasporasynyng «Qazaqstan» qoghamy, Jәngir han atyndaghy Batys-Qazaqstan agrotehnikalyq uniyversiytetindegi Jәngir han muzeyining diyrektory Núrjan Tólepov pen Oraldyq zertteushi-publisist Jaysan Aqbaylardyng sanaly týrde Jәngirdi qúrmetpen eske alghandary tek hannyng tuystary men jerlesterin ghana qatty quantty.

Osy mekemeler men jeke túlghalardyng zeyini men jigerlerining arqasynda HIH ghasyrdyng kórnekti qazaq aghartushysy jәne biyleushisi, Qazan uniyversiyteti jebeushilerining biri – Jәngir hangha 2013 jyldyng 12 nauryzynda Qazan federaldyq uniyversiytetinde memorialdyq taqtasynyng saltanatty ashyluy ótti. Rәsimge Qazaqstannan kelgen delegasiya Batys-Qazaqstan oblysy әkimi N.Noghaevtyng bastamasymen, Qazaqstannyng Reseydegi Tótenshe jәne ókiletti elshisi G.Orazbaqov, Qazan federaldyq uniyversiytetining preziydenti M. Salahov jәne shyghystanu men halyqaralyq qatynastar Institutynyng diyrektory L.Latypov qatysty.

Kezinde «Anau qyrda tatar túr, basqalarmen qatar túr» -–dep aitqany ýshin S.Torayghyrovqa da kinә taghylan. Al, ótken jyly «endi býgin ústaraly, múrty auzyna týspegen» 22-degi egemen «qalyng eli – qazaghy, qayran júrty» Jәngir handay tarihy tól túlghasyna 169 jyldan beri alauyzdyq pen ishtarlyqtan qimay kele jatqan qúrmet-qoshametti syldyr sóz emes, is jýzinde órkeniyetti tatar aghayyndarymyz eng joghary dәrejede kórsetip berdi. Byltyrghy jyly qatar túrghyndyqtan bolar, «egeuli nayza qolgha almay-aq» týbimiz bir tatar halqy óz elinde qúbyjyq bolyp jýrgen qasiyetti qazaq hanynyng atyn tarihyna altyn әrippen jazyp, ony barsha әlemge pash etti!

Al, biz she: "Myna oida qazaq túr..? «Biz «bayaghy jartas, bir jartas» bolyp Mahambetke deyin el auzynda keng tarap әbden jauyr bolghan jalpylama janayghay: «han emessing - qasqyrsynnyn» shyrmauynan shygha almay jýrmiz. Aqiyq aqyn búl shumaqtardy hannyng ózine arnasa, ol taqpaghyn «Áy, Jәngir...; Ei, Jәngir...» dep bastar edi. Mysaly: «Eskendir Zúlqarnayyn erding eri», «Qara qatyn degende, qara qatyn», «Bir qyz bar Maraldyda Qorlan», «Balasy Qojaghúldyng Birjan salmyn», «Esen-aman jýrmising Lәilim shyraq», «Qyzy eding Ybyraydyng Balqadisha», «Ózge emes, ózim aitam óz jayymdy» siyaqty jelispen.

Sonda qalay, qarsylasynyng atyn aitpay ymdap synasa has batyr Mahambet úyalshaq nemese qorqaq bolghany ma? Álde dauylpaz sóz zergerining aqyndyq sheberligi shenberli bolghan ba? Búl logikalyq túrghydan da, janrlyq túrghydan da ýlken kýmәn tughyzatyn dýniye, sondyqtan ólenning Jәngirge tikeley qatysy joq deuge tolyq negiz bar.

Taghy bir eskeretin jaghday: Jәngir - aqsýiek, aghartushy, kóshbasy.Mahambet - hannyng inisi, qyzmetkeri, halyq ókili. Aqynnyng erekshe daryny men tendessiz adamgershiligine esh kýmәn joq! Degenmen, tórdi esikpen, basty ayaq-qolmen shatystyrghanymyz dúrys pa? Sondyqtan, arystardyng aruaqtary riza boluy ýshin endi eki jaqty da alalamay Narynnyng qos janarynyng qarashyghynday este saqtaghanymyz abzal bolar. Olardyng әrqaysysynyng El tarihynda óz ornyn aluy, ózindik tiyisti túghyryna sharyqtap shyghuy zamana talaby. Ásirese Jәngir mәselesi tez arada «Tarih tolqynynda» sheshilui qajet dep esepteymin.

Eger 1801 jyly Bókey han, al 1822 jyly – onyng úly Jәngir bolmaghanda egemendi Qazaqstannyng býgingi batys shekarasy Jayyq ózenining qaq ortasynyn óter edi de,respublikamyz 1991 jyly transkontiynentaldy Euraziyalyq memeleket bolyp qapiyada shygha kele  almas edi.

Bókey men Jәngir osynday – qazaqqa tiyimdi, orystar jaghyna tiyimsiz – kýrdeli mәseleni metropoliyamen nayzanyng emes qalamnyng ýshimen, diplomatiyanyng qúdiretti kýshimen sheshe aldy. Jeri kóp, halqy az biz siyaqty el ýshin búl tәsil – jemisti syrtqy sayasattyng sara joly. Ol, Bókey men Jәngir joly. Sәl keyinirek Ybyray men Abay, Alihan men Ahmet joly. Onyng negizgi qaruy: «aqyl, enbek, tereng oi».

Tek bir ghana túlghanyng – Bókey ordasynyng hany Jәngirding arqasynda Qazaqstanda europalyq ýlgidegi alghashqy mektep, alghashqy arhiyv(múraghat) pen alghashqy qazynashylyq qyzmeti, alghashqy muzey (múrajay), alghashqy dәrihanaashylynuyna, auruhana men meshit salynynuyna,poshta qyzmetining dәiekti mekemesi, is jýrgizu dәstýri engizilinuine, shól dalada «jasyl oaziys» - qaraghayly qara orman payda boluyna búryn-sondy bolmaghan mýmkindik tudy.

Qazaq dalasynda medisinanyn, sot isinin, saudanyng damuy Jәngirding esimimen tyghyz baylanysta.

Resey imperiyasynyng qúramynda bolgha túra Bókey ordasy ózining ishiki basqarushylyq mәseleri men sharuashylyq qúrylymyndaghy derbestigin saqtay aldy. Búnday jetistikter Jәngirding kóregendigi men dimplomatiyalyq daryndylyghynyng arqasynda iske asty.

Batys-Qazaqstan oblysynyng shenberinde 2001 jyly Bókey ordasy 200 jyldyghy men Jәngir hannyng 200 jyldyq mereytoyy atalyp ótken bolatyn. Onda býgingi Qazaqstandyq egemendikting negizi osydan eki ghasyr búryn Bókey ordasynda qalanghany turaly alghash ret aitylghan bolatyn.

Jәngirding tek oblystyq dengeyidegi emes últtyq dәrejedegi sayasy túlgha ekendigi sol toyda 2001 jyly aitylghanymen, odan tiyisti qorytyndy, ókinishke oray, jasalynghan joq. Sondyqtan, Jәngir han turaly әngimeni pessemistik sarynmen tәmәmdaudyng sebebi osynda jatyr.

Ahmet Dýisenbaev, QR BGhM GhQ, «Ghylym ordasy» RMK, Qazaqstan ghylymynyng tarihy múrajayynyn qor saqtaushy-ghylymiy qyzmetkeri 

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