Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng mazaryna qamqorlyq kerek
QR Preziydenti N.Nazarbaev «Bolashaqqa baghdar: ruhany janghyru» atty maqalasynda: «Tughan jerding әrbir sayy men qyrqasy, tauy men ózeni tarihtan syr shertedi. Árbir jer atauynyng tórkini turaly talay-talay anyzdar men әngimeler bar. Árbir ólkening halqyna suyqta pana, ystyqta saya bolghan, esimderi el esinde saqtalghan birtuar perzentteri bar. Osynyng bәrin jas úrpaq bilip ósuge tiyis» degen bolatyn. Tarih adamzattyng әri asyl, әri bay qazynasy. Altynnan da qymbat sol bir telegey-teniz tarihty saqtap kele jatqan halyqtyng sanasy, aqyl-oyy keremet. Biz halqymyzdyn, asa bay tarihyn, sol tarihymyzda óshpes iz qaldyrghan batyr babalarymyzdyng ómir joldaryn oqyp biluge әri boryshtymyz, әri mindettimiz. Jasúrpaqtyn shynayy patriottyq sezimin arttyru, ólkemizding tarihyn keleshek úrpaqqa jetkizu maqsatymen qút qonghan qasiyetti Qaratóbe ónirinde ómir sýrgen Júmyr-Qylysh batyr turaly sóz etpekpin.
Elimizdegi "Úlytau" toby dauylpaz aqyn, kýishi, batyr Mahambettin "Júmyr-Qylysh" kýiin әlemdik sahnada últtyq naqyshqa keltire oryndap, dýniyejýzine tanymal boldy. Osy kýiding keyipkerleri Júmyr men Qylysh kim ekeni jәne olardyng shyghu tegi turaly júrttyng kóbi bile bermeydi. Oiymsha, "Úlytau" tobynyng mýsheleri de tolyq bilmeytin sekildi. Olay deytinim, kýy turaly beynetýsirilimde Júmyr men Qylyshtyng tughan jerleri t.t. eshqanday aitylmaydy jәne aqparat qúraldarynda atalmysh kýiding shyghu tarihy jóninde mәlimet bergenin estimedik.
Songhy kezde belgili ólketanushylar men tanymal tarihshylar (aty-jónderin jazbaudy jón sanadym) Júmyr men Qylyshtyn shyqqan jerleri men tekteri turaly esh shyndyqqa janaspaytyn, tarihy derekterge sәikes kelmeytin qisynsyz maqalalar jazyp, dәieksiz oilaryn aityp jýr. Atyraulyq ólketanushy Júmyr men Qylysh batyr Atyrau ónirinde ómir sýrgen, onyng ruy - Aday dep jazsa, endi bireui ruy - Alasha dep keltiredi. "Altyn Orda" gazetine shyqqan "Júmyr, Qylysh degen kim?" atty maqalasynda avtor anshylyq kәsippen ainalysqan jezdesining sózine ghana sýiene Júmyr batyr turaly bylay jazady: "... Týlkini atyp jaralap, endi jayau qualay bergende, ol jaqyn jerdegi molagha qaray qashady. Molagha jaqyndaghan týlkini taghy bir ret atady. Týlki aqsandap baryp beyitting bas jaghyna qúlaydy. Batyp bara jatqan kýn sәulesine eki kózi shaghylysyp ot bolyp janyp túrady. Qolyndaghy myltyghy jerge týsip ketedi. Sol jerde jezdem búl Júmyr atanyng molasy ekenin biledi..." Qaydan, qalaysha bilgeni, qanday tarihy derektemege sýiengeni turaly esh mәlimet keltirilmeydi. Búl aityp otyrghany Atyrau aumaghy. Qazaq shejirelerin aqtara otyryp, Aday jәne Alasha ruy ishinen Júmyr atauyn izdep taba almadym. Al, Ál-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq últtyq uniyversiytetining dosenti, tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty "Batyrlardyng әskery ailasy" maqalasynda: "Júmyr batyr jaugha shapqanda qylyshty silteui basqalardan mýlde ózgeshe bolghan jәne moyynan qylysh týspegen, tipti tósekke jatqanda da qylyshyn asynyp jatady eken. Osynday qasiyetteri ýshin Júmyrdyng atyna qylysh atauy tirkelgen" dep óz boljamyn jazghan. Ghylymy negizderge, múraghat qújattaryna, tarihi derekterge esh sýienbesten, andar baryp tyghylghan molalardy, "ana batyrdiki, myna handiki",- dep jaza bersek jәne shejirege sýienbey belgili adamdardy óz ruyna qaray búryp, tegin ózgerte salsaq, onda tarihty pen shejireni búrmalap, oqyrmandy aldap jәne bolashaq úrpaqty qatty adastyramyz, ata-baba aruaqtaryn qorlaymyz. Sayasy sauatty, tarihy dәleldi mәlimet beru - jasúrpaqtyng sayasy sanasyn dúrys qalyptastyrady, eline sýiispenshiligin jәne qazaq tarihyna degen qyzyghushylyghyn arttyrady.
Mahambettanushy - jazushylar B.Amanshinnin, IY.Kenjaliyevtin, N.Ábutaliyevtin, Á.Álimjanov pen Á.Saraydyng "Mahambet batyr" turaly turaly enbekteri men zertteulerin jәne "KSRO oqu - aghartu isinin ýzdigi" belgisin taqqan tarih pәnining ozat ústazy Túrsynghaly Qatauovtyng jazyp qaldyrghan jazbasyn, sonday-aq, eski qúlpytastardaghy jazulardy tújyrymdap, Júmyr (shyn aty- Sadyr) jәne Qylysh batyrdyng shyqqan tegine toqtalyp ótpekpin. Shejireshi - ólketanushy әkem, Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng shejiresin Baytory ruynyng sol kezdegi kónekóz aqsaqaly, Júmyr batyrdyn shóberesi Qaydar qariyadan (1911 jyly dýniyege kelip - 1982 j. qaytys bolghan) kózi tirisi kezinde jazyp alghan. Kishi jýzding on eki ata Bayúlynyng Baybaqty ruynan taraghan Sholan batyrdan: Týkish, Dat, Baytory jәne Esenbay taraydy. Búl jerde Dat - bi, sheshen, ataqty batyr Syrymnyng (shyn aty - Syrlybay) әkesi. Sholannyng tórt balasynyng naghashylary Alasha ruynan eken. Aqyn naghashysy jiyenderine arnap:
«Jayqalghan qyzghaldaqtay Týkish pen Dat.
Baytory bolghan eken minezi jat.
Dýniyede esh nәrsening parqyn týsinbes,
Aparyp Esenbaydy bazargha sat», - dep әzil ólenin shygharypty. Patsha zamanynda súltandar men starshyndardyng әdiletsizdikterin, halyqqa jasap otyrghan ozbyrlyqtaryn tura aityp, tik minezimen jaqpaghan Baytorydan: Kósherbay, Jaylau, Jazyq, Sattyq, Qonysbay jәne Janabaybaqty órbiydi. Júmyr batyr Baytory atanyn Jaylau bóliminen taraghan. Qazirgi uaqytta úrpaqtary Qaydarov Maqsot pen Qaydarov Hasan Qaratóbe audanynda túrady. Olardyng jeti atasy bylay taraydy. Ákeleri Qaydar, atalary - Erlepes - Shyrman - Júmyr - Jaylau - Baytory. Al Qylysh batyr Baybaqty ruynyng Qynyq bóliminen.
Qazaqstan Ensiklopediyasynda: «Júmyr (19 ghasyr) – Isatay Taymanúly bastaghan últ-azattyq kóteriliske qatysqan batyr. Kishi jýz qúramyndaghy Bayúly taypasynyng Baybaqty ruynan shyqqan. Mahambet Ótemisúlynyng ýzengiles serigi bolghan. Mahambet Júmyr batyrgha arnap “Júmyr – Qylysh” kýiin shygharghan. Ziraty qazirgi Batys Qazaqstan oblysyndaghy Qaldyghayty auylynyng manynda» dep qysqasha týsinikteme bergen. Naqtyraq aitsaq,
Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng mazarlary Qaratóbe audany, Qaldyghayty auylyna qarasty Tólen eldi mekeninen (Tólen auyly – Baytory ruynyng bayyrghy jeri) 15 km jerde ornalasqan. Belgili jazushy, mahambettanushy, "Mahambetting taghdyry" romanynyng avtory Berqayyr Amanshin (Alasha ruynyng Kenjeghara bólimi) әkemning zamandasy әri anasynyn nemere inisi (naghashysy) bolyp keledi. Kenes túsynda B.Amanshin óz tughan jerine kelgende, әkemdi osy eki ýlken mazargha ertip aparyp, ózining ghylymy payymdauynsha búl beyitter Mahambet batyrdyng ýzengiles adal dostary, senimdi serigi, tóresin aitar by bolghan Júmyr jәne Qylysh batyrdiki ekenin jәne ekeui eki adam ekenin aitady. Múny Qaydar aqsaqalda Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng ziraty ekenin aitqan.
Ózge emes, óz ólkemizding tarihyn ózimiz zerttep bileyik
Júmyr men Qylysh batyr turaly maghlúmatty jasúrpaqqa kenirek jetkize otyryp, olardyng óz ólkesine sýiispenshiligin arttyru maqsatynda jәne mazar qashan salynghanyn, qanday materialdan túrghyzylghanyn zerttetudi qolgha alu ýshin Oral qalasynan 270 km qashyqtyqta ornalasqan qos batyrdyng mazary basyna baryp, suretke týsirdim. Áli kýnge deyin jartylay bolsa da túrghan eki mazardan Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng eki adam ekenine kóz jetkizemiz. 2 ghasyrgha juyqtaghan, aidalada ornalasqan mazargha maldar sýiengesin jәne tabighattyng týrli qúbylysy (jauyn-shashyn, jel t.t.) saldarynan jartysy qúlap qalghan. Qorshaulary bolmaghasyn, eki batyrdyng beyiti dalada jayylghan maldardyng yqtyny bolyp, әbden tapalyp qalghan. Aynalasynda eshqanday qúlpytastar nemese ózge de belgilerdi taba almadym. Alayda, osy mazargha jaqyn jerdegi eski qauymdarda, eskishe arabshamen jazylghan 3 metrlik ýlken qúlpytastardy kezdestirdim. Ondaghy jazulardy suretke týsirip, Oral qalasyna kelip Qazaqstan músylmandary diny basqarmasynyng BQO boyynsha ókili, dintanushy Ruslan qajy Súltanov pen Zelenov audany, Asan auyldyq meshitining bas imamy Múratbek Qajy Jahatovqa әkelip kórsettim. Olar arab grafikasyna negizdelgen qúlpytastaghy jazulardy: «Baybaqty ruy, Sholan taypasy, Baytory bólimi, Jaylau aimaghy Júmyr batyr nemeresi Kenjebek qajy Qúmatúly 58 jasynda opat boldy", - dep esh qinalmastan oqyp berdi. Eski tarihy qúlpytastaghy jazylghan jazular B.Amanshin men әkemning aityp ketken sózderin tolyqtyra týsedi. Qúlpytastaghy arabsha jazulardy oqyp berip, Júmyr batyr turaly әr qily etip jazyp jýrgen dauly jaghdaygha nýktesin qoygha sebepshi bolghan imam - qajylar R.Súltanov pen M.Jahatovqa alghysymyz sheksiz.
Týiin
Tarih - jeke dara ghylym salasy. Onyng da ózindik ústanymdary, talaptary men zertteu әdisteri men teoriyalary bar. Kim de kim tarihy mәseleni jazghysy kelse tarih ghylymynyng talaptaryn oryndaulary paryz. Avtor ózi zerttep qozghaghan mәseleni búrmalamay, adal jazuy (dobrosovestnosti avtora) enbekting "ghylymy apparaty" boluy, yaghny әr mәlimet kimnen, qaydan alynghanyn kórsete jazuy tiyis. Jogharyda aitqanymday Júmyr-Qylysh batyr turaly maqalalaryn eshbir derektemege silteme jasamay, syldyr sózben jaza salghan. Ata-babamyz "óli riza bolmay, tiri bayymaydy" dep tegin aitpasa kerek. Endeshe, Elbasynyng "Ruhany janghyru" baghdarlamasy ayasynda erlikteri men esimderi anyzgha ainalghan, últ-azattyq kóterilisting kósemi, dauylpaz aqyn Mahambetke pana bolghan Júmyr men Qylysh batyrdyng aruaqtary razy bolsyn degen niyetpen Qaratóbe audanyna qarasty Tólen auylynan 15 km jerdegi qúlaugha jaqyn qalghan mazarlaryn jergilikti basshylar jәne tiyisti mekemeler qamqorlyqqa alady dep ýmittenemiz.
Talghat Qatauov, jurnalist, ólketanushy
Abai.kz