QR Qylmystyq kodeksinde joq, qarastyrylmaghan bappen «sottalghandar»
QR Preziydenti N.Á.Nazarbaev myrzagha
QR Jogharghy sotynyn tórghasy
J.Q.Asanov myrzagha
QR Bas prokurory Q.P. Qojamjarov myrzagha
Atalghan, biraq atauy joq «qúdiretti bap» QR Jogharghy eks-tóraghasy zang ghylymdarynyng doktory «ghalym» Qayrat Mamy myrzanyng taptyrmaytyn tuyndysy, óitkeni ózi tóragha bolghan jyldary osy atauy joq «super bap» jiyi-әkkilikpen qoldanyldy. Osynday sybaylasqan óz mýddelerin últ mýddesinen joghary qoyghan basshylardyng kesirinen tәuelsizdik jyldary «Biyliktin kózi bolyp tabylatyn halyq sudiyalardyn qoljaulyghyna aynaldy.
Elimiz býginde әlemdegi damyghan eleuli elu elding qatarynan ozyp shyghyp otyzdyqqa iligudi múrat etip otyrghan jayy bar. Al biz qataryna qosylugha úmtylghan búl elder sayasy qúrylysynda zangha tolyq ýstemdik beru arqyly órkeniyetting tórine shyqqan, qúqyqtyq demokratiyalyq memleketter.
Qazaqstandy osy elderding qataryna jetkizuge bastama kótergen Elbasy, qúqyqtyq reformanyng sybaylastyqqa shyrmalyp, zaman talabyna say ótkizilmeuine baylanysty búl elderding qatarynan kórinui ekitalay ekendigine qalay, kýmәndanbay ma eken? Múndaghy kýdik tughyzyp kedergi jasaushy sebepting biri Elbasy - ózi búiryghymen taghayyndaghan sudiyalardyng halyqtyng әdiletti sot jýiesin qajet etken talabyn ayaq asty etuinde bolyp túr. Sot jýiesine әrtýrli kýdikti jolmen kelgen, biliktiligi tómen, sybaylastyqqa salynghan әr satydaghy sudiyalar korpusy búl «Núrly jolgha» kedergi jasauda. Egerde qogham damuyna kedergi bolghan, uaqyt talabyna qyzmet etuge jaramay qalghan qúqyqtyq salagha shynayy reforma jasap, dereu shara qoldanbasa, onda jogharydaghy órkeniyeter úyasyna úmtylghan talpynys bos sóz, «kommunizm» úghymy sekildi qiyal bolyp qalatyny eshkimge de qúpiya emes. Al osy uaqyt talap etip otyrghan qúqyqtyq reformany talapqa say jýrgizuge sybaylastyqpen kedergi jasaghandary ýshin, keleshek úrpaq aldynda atalghan salanyng qazir basynda otyrghan lauazym iyeleri jauap berui tiyis.
Sudiyalardyng sybaylastyq әreketterining etek alghandyghy sonshalyqty olar shygharylghan zang normalaryn (baptaryn) óz ynghaylaryna say búrmalap, óz jeke bas mýddelerine mýltiksiz qyzmet etetin etip әrtýrli qiytúrqy tәsildermen búryp, zandastyryp alghan.
Búrynghy Premier-Ministr Ahmetov S., Rektor Aryn Erlan, redaktor Ghabdulliyn Biygeldi, Umiriyaev M., Abdiyshev B., Usenov K., Ny Vasiliy t.b. atalghan qoldanystaghy Qylmystyq kodekste mýldem joq «atausyz super bappen» jasaghan qylmystary ýshin jazadan bosatylghandar. Sonday-aq kinәli bolmasa da ózderin biylikting qysymymen zorlyq jasauy barysynda týrmeden shyghu ýshin ghana ózderin jazyghy bolmasa da «kinәlimiz» dep erkisiz «moyyndaghandar» redaktor Janbolat Mamay, Túnghyshbay Jamanqúlov, ressjisser Talghat Jәnibekov t.b.,
Naqty atap aitar bolsaq múnday búrmalaushylyqtar QR APK-degi 16-baby men QR QPK-ning (QIJK) 25–babynda kózdelgen tómendegi tarmaqtarda kórinis beredi:
Dәleldemelerdi ishki senim boyynsha baghalaytyn 16-baptyng 1 tarmaghynda «Sudiya iste bar dәleldemelerdi olardyng jiyntyghymen әdil, jan-jaqty jәne tolyq qaraugha negizdelgen ózining ishki senimi boyynsha baghalaydy, búl orayda ol zang men ar-úyatty basshylyqqa alady» - dep normalanghan. Al úyaty joqtar «neni» basshylyqqa alady? Ony býgingi ómir kórsetip otyr.
Dәleldemelerdi ishki senim boyynsha baghalau degen QR QPK-ning 25-babynyng 1 tarmaghynda: «Sudiya, prokuror, tergeushi, anyqtaushy dәleldemelerdi qaralghan dәleldemelerding jiyntyghyna negizdelgen ózderining ishki senimi boyynsha baghalaydy, búl rette ol zang men ar-ojdandy basshylyqqa alady». «Alqaby dәleldemelerdi qaralghan dәleldemelerding jiyntyghyna negizdelgen ózining ishki nanymy boyynsha baghalaydy, búl rette ar-ojdandy basshylyqqa alady.» - dep jazylghan.
Sudiya memleket atynan sot sheshimin shygharghanda (QR AIJK-nin 16-baby, QR QPK-ning 25-babynyng 1 tarmaghy) Dәleldemelerdi ishki senim boyynsha baghalap, ózining ishki nanym-senimine sýienedi dep zandastyryluy kózboyaushylyq, zannyng negizgi gumanistik mәnine qayshy jalghan qaghida.
Qazirgi tәuelsiz el atalghan Qazaqstanda órkeniyetti eldermen zang salasynda terezemiz ten, bizdede qúqyqtyq reforma jýrgizildi dep salystyrghanda kóretinimiz tek europa elderining dәstýrine ainalghan, әdilettilikting simvolyna ainalghan sudiyalardyng ýstindegidey «mantiyalardy» kiii ghana. Bizdegi sot-qúqyqtyq reforma әzirshe osy janalyqpen shektelip, toqtap túr.
Al qoldanystaghy zandardaghy azamattardyng bostandyqtaryna, demokratiyalyq qúqyqtaryna býginde kedergi bolyp otyrghan, jogharyda atalghan baptardaghy zang talaptarynyng halyq mýddesine qayshy boluy. Tipti búl baptardaghy zang normalary bastauyn sonau ótken ghasyrlardaghy sayasy qúrylysy mýldem bóten, zamany әbden eskirgen qazirgi uaqyt talabyna say kelmeytin, oghan kerisinshe qayshy bolatyn otarshy-imperiyalyq kózqarastaghy patshalyq Reseydin XIX ghasyrdyng 60-jyldarynda qabyldaghan qúqyqtyq reformasynyng negizinde jasalghan qaghida bolyp tabylady. Sol kezde qoghamdyq qúrylysy ózgeshe elde qoldanylghan atalghan zang normasy, býginde tәuelsiz el Qazaqstan zanynda oryn alyp «Sudiya iste bar dәleldemelerdi olardyng jiyntyghymen әdil, jan-jaqty jәne tolyq qaraugha negizdelgen ózining ishki senimi boyynsha baghalaydy, búl orayda ol zang men ar-úyatty basshylyqqa alady»-degen baptaghy «sudiya ishki senimi boyynsha baghalaydy» dep qayta kórinis tauyp, negizinen sol kýiinde qaltyrylghan. Al kenes dәuirinde ol bap sol kýiinde ózgerissiz qoldanylghan. Tek oghan sol kezde sosialistik mazmún berilip, sonymen tolyqtyrylyp sol talap boyynsha jana zansyzdyqtargha jol ashqan. Múnday nanym–senimge sýienu degen XXI ghasyrdaghy damudyng órkeniyet satysynan alyp qaraghanda, ol halyqty kezekti aldau olardyng mýddelerimen sanaspay aqmaq etu bolyp tabylady.
Atalghan baptarda «sudiya isti qaraghan kezde onda bar dәleldemelerdi olardyng jiyntyghymen әdil, jan-jaqty jәne tolyq qaraugha negizdelgen ózining ishki senimi boyynsha baghalaydy, búl orayda ol zang men ar-úyatty basshylyqqa alady»- delinip zandastyrylyp normalanghan.
Birinshiden, qoldanystaghy qazaq tilining sózdigine jýginetin bolsaq, nanym-senim (qos sóz) – bir nәrsege ilanu, senu, kýmәndanbau, shýbә keltirmeu; ar-úyat (qos sóz) – ar, namys, әdep; ishki týisik (ishki nanym-senim) – aqyl-oy, sezim, zeyin, tanym.
Ar-úyattyng kórsetkishi bolatyn ar-namys kez-kelgen adamnyng adamy bolmysyn anyqtaytyn psihologiyalyq qasiyet. Ar-namys ol jeke adamnyng boyyndaghy adaldyq, әdilettilik, aqiqattan attamaushylyq, ar, abyroy, tektilik, tәrbie kórgendilik sekildi qasiyetterding jiyntyghynyng kórsetkishi turaly týsinik. Namys ol adamgha tua bitken qasiyet, adamgershilikke jat-әreketterden saqtandyrushy, aramdyq, pasyqtyqqa, satqyndyqqa qarsy túratyn ruhty kýsh.
Sudiyalardyng atalghan nanym-senimi qalay qalyptasady, ol bar ma, joq pa, bar bolsa ol qanday dәrejede sot sheshimin shygharada ol nanym-senim aqiqattyn qay jaghynda bolady, әdilettilik jaghynda ma, әlde әdiletsizdik jaghynda ma, ony tap basyp aitu mýmkin emes. Jәne sudiyalardyn jan-dýniyesindegi nanym-senimine әser etetin sezim kýshi osy atalghan eki jaqtyng qaysysyn tandaydy, ony da retteytin kórsetkish bar ma, joq? Áyteuir sudiya degen atauy-mәrtebesi bolghan son onyn nanym-senimi erekshe, adal bolugha tiyisti degen jalpy gumanistik úghymgha baghynyp júrt ony eriksiz әdilettiliktin nyshany retinde qabyldaugha, oghan senuge tiyis bolady.
Býginde sudiyalardyng nanym-senimi qanday dәrejede ekendigin anyqtaytyn eshqanday qúral, tetik joq, onyng dәrejesin emtihan arqyly anyqtauda mýmkin emes. Ar-úyaty bar, joqtyghynyng kepili bolatyn arnayy qújat ta berilmeydi. «Detektor ljiy» qondyrghysynan da ótkizilmeydi. Sonymen, sudiyalardyng ishki jan-dýniyesining bir salasy bolyp tabylatyn nanym-senimining bar joghyn, sudiyagha layyqty ma joq pa, ony anyqtaytyn býginde birde- bir kórsetkish joq. Sot sheshimin әdil shygharu ýshin nanym-senim qanday boluy kerek, onyng týrin, dәrejesin eshkim anyqtay alghan joq jәne anyqtay da almaydy.
Ádil sheshim shygharugha arqau bolatyn nanym-senimdi sudiya boyyna qalay qalyptastyrady, әlde onda erekshe nanym-senimdi qalyptastyratyn arnayy oqu orny bar ma? Onday bilim beretin oqu orny da joq.
Nanym-senim tek sudiyalargha ghana tәn sezim be, joq, nanym-senim kez kelgen adamnyng boyynda onyng ishki jan dýniyesining qoghamdaghy qúbylystardy tanyp biletin kórsetkishi barometri ispetti jәne ol ainalasyndaghy qúbylystardy boyyndaghy bilim dәrejesine, sanasyna, óresine say baghalap qabyldaytyn qasiyet.
Biylikting kózi bolyp tabylatyn halyq mýddesine qarsy jazylghan osynau baptardaghy sudiyalardyng sot sheshimin shygharghanda ishki nanym-senimine (po vnutrennemu ubejdenii) sýienedi degen norma, zandy qúrmetteytin sottan әdilettilik izdegen adal adamdardyn, yaghny halyqtyng nanym-senimine mýldem qayshy, әdiletsiz, jat ózgeshe bolyp túr yaghny qogham qajetine say jetilmegen. Sonda qalay, sot sheshimin búrmalaghan, yaghny adam taghdyryn oiynshyq etken sudiyalardyng nanym-senimi erekshe zandy (legitimdi) bolady da, әdilettilikti talap etken búqara halyqtyng nanym-senimi týkke túrghysyz zansyz bola ma? Olardyng sheshimderin erekshe etip túrghan jaghday, ol zangha qayshy sheshim shygharghan sudiyalardyng jauapkershilikke tartylmauy. Býginde sudiyalardyng sot sheshimin shyghararda jýginetin ishki nanym-senimi bastapqy kózdelgen әdilettilik mazmúnynan alshaq, tek tapsyrys bergen yqpaldy lauazym iyelerining nemese biyligi, aqshasy barlargha qyzmet etumen shektelip, negizgi zannyng mәnin tәrik etude.
Al endi osy әr adam basynda әr dәrejede boluy da, bolmauy da mýmkin osy qasiyetter әr sudiyanyn boyynda bolady degen tújyrym aqiqattan attaghandyq, shyndyqtan alys úghym.
Alayda nanym-senim, ar-úyat adamdarda birdey bolmaytynyna eshkim talasa almas. Búl qasiyetter adamgha alghan biliminin, janúya men ósken ortadan alghan tәrbiyenin barysynda beriletin adamgershilik qúndylyqtar. Al qazirgi sudiyalardyng barlyghy óz ómirlerinde tek nanym-senimi adal bolatyn tәrbiye, bilim aldy dep aita almaymyz. Al qazirgi qyzmettegi sudiyalardyng barlyghy tegis әdiletti, sot prosesterinde dau tudyrghan mәselege qatysty dәleldemelerdi jan-jaqty múqiyat zerttep zerdeleydi, sonyng negizine sýienip, zandy ghana basshylyqqa alyp sheshim shygharady, ar-ojdany, úyaty bar dep aytu da qiyn. Ókinishke oray búl pikirimizdi olardyng shygharghan kýndelikti sheshimderi dәleldep otyr. Mysaly, Jogharghy sottyn sudiyalary E.N.Ábdiqadyrov pen G.Ak-kuova, B.Júmaghúlovtar ózderi shygharghan 17 shilde 2013 jylghy № 3gp-474-13 nómirli qadaghalau satysy sotynyng sheshimine, biylikterin asyra paydalanyp eshbir sot satysyna kuә bolyp kelmegen adamdardy (studentter-G.Tekeshovany, J.Malikovany, J.Serikovny t.b.) «keldi dep» olardyng aitpaghan sózderin «aytty dep» sheshimine jazyp qyzmettik jalghandyq jasap «tapsyryspen» qarsy tarap lauazym iyesi rektor Ádilovting mýddesine say әdiletsiz sheshim shyghardy. Alayda osy zangha qayshy sybaylastyq әreketterding betin ashugha talpynghan 6 jyl boyghy zandy әreketime E.Ábdiqadyrov pen G.Ak-kuovalar, qoldaryndaghy biylik lauazymdaryn asyra paydalanyp QR Konstitusiyasymen bekitilgen zandy qúqyghymdy shektep, kýni-býginge deyin kedergi jasauda.
QR Jogharghy sottyng jalghyz sudiyadan túratyn erekshe tapsyrma alghan qúramy, azamattardyn ótinishterin qadaghalau tәrtibimen qarau ýshin, aldyn ala kassasiyalyq-qadaghalau óndirisine qabyldau kezinde negizsiz is qozghaudan bas tartuy, azamattardyng Jogharghy sottyn kassasiyalyq-qadaghalau alqasy arqyly isti talapqa say sheshu mýkindiginen aiyryp, konstitusiyalyq qúqyghyn shekteu bolyp tabylady
Atalghan sudiyalar lauazymdy biylikterin teris paydalanu arqyly konstitusiyamen bekitilgen azamattardyng qúqyghyn qorghauyna kedergi jasap, olardy mәjbýrlep bas tartqyzu arqyly-adam qúqyghyn shekteytin, naqty qylmystyq jazagha alyp keletin auyr qylmyspen birdey әreketke baruda. Oghan mysal, Almaty qalalyq sotynyng apellyasiyalyq alqasynyng sudiyasy Ahmediyev Bekennin Bostandyq audandyq sotynyn meni qyzmetten zansyz shygharghan degen sheshimin 10 shilde 2012 jyly № 2a-4120/12 nómirli qaulysymen búzyp, týp núsqasy joq syrttay jalghan qoldary qoyylghan studentterdin aryzdarynyng jala ekendigin bile túra, oghan qasaqana saraptama jasaudan bas tarta otyryp, qarsy taraptyng yaghny lauazym iyesi rektordyng mýddesin jaqtap, sybaylastyq әreketke baryp zangha qayshy әdiletsiz sheshim shygharuy dәlel.
Sudiyalar tәuelsiz tek ózining nanym-senimine ghana jýginedi degen shylghy ótirik kózboyaushylyq, korrupsiyalyq әreketterdi jasyryp aqtau ýshin, halyqty «sendiru» ýshin aitylatyn syltau ghana ekendigin osy mysal dәlel bola alady. Osynday tәrtippen shygharylghan sudiya sheshimi kez-kelgen zannan da joghary túrady. Onday әdiletsiz sheshim shygharghan sudiya eshkimning aldynda jauap bermeydi. Al órkeniyetti elderde sot sheshimderi tek zang normalaryna negizdelip, aighaqtardy saralau barysynda ghana shygharylady. Bizdegidey nanym–senimge sýienu degen olardyng týsiniginde halyqty aldau, qorlau bolyp sanalady.
Óitkeni biylikke tәueldi, sottyng tóraghalaryna tәueldi, sudiyalardyn nanym–senimge sýienip shygharghan sheshimderi eshuaqytta әdil bolmaydy.
Sonymen birge qazirgi sudiyalardyng tóraghalarynyn kóbi bir ghana jýzding ókilderi, onyng ishinde nanym-senimi ózge adamdardan «erekshe» ru ókilderi bar. Al qalghandary ózining emes, ózderi tәueldi basshylarynyng nanym-senimining aitqanymen jýretinder. Al Preziydentting búiryghymen taghayyndalatyn sudiyalardy jasaqtaytyn biylik, әr adamnyng jaratylysynan bólip alugha bolmaytyn qasiyetteri nanym-senimderining sudiya bolugha jaraytynyn jaramaytynyn qalay biledi. Tandau qalay jýrgiziledi. Tipti biliktilik emtihan tapsyrghanda da búl nanym-senimning qanday ekenin tekserip onyng qanday dәrejede bolatyny jәne bar joghyn sudiya bolugha jaray ma, joq pa anyqtau tipti de mýmkin emes.
Býgingi kýni nanym-senimine sýiengen sudiyalardyn әdildiginen góri әdiletsizdigi kóp jaghdayda basym bolyp jatyr. Sot sheshimin shyghararda zangha jinaqtalghan dәleldemelerge sýienip, olardy basshylyqqa alatyn nanym-senimi әdilettilik sheshimmen úshtasatyn sudiyalar býginde sausaqpen sanarlyqtay. Óitkeni tanym bolmay onyng nanymy bolmaytyny aqiqat.
Býgingi kýndegi sudiyalardyng «nanym-senimine sýienip» shygharatyn sot sheshimderi olargha berilgen «tapsyrys» pen «paranyn» mólsherine baylanysty deydi halyq .
Ózge elderding sudiyalaryna eliktep, eger «mantiya» kiyse sudiyanyng nanym-senimi әdilettilikti qorghaytynday dәrejede bola qalady eken degen oi- adasushylyq bolyp tabylady. Búl pikirding adasushylyq ekendigine býgingi sudyalardyng memleketting atynan sybaylastyqpen shygharyp, keyin ile-shala qaulylary jatqan qaulylary dәlel.
Al býgine osylay nanym-senimge sýienu degen kózboyaushylyq, «ziyandy virus» bolyp taralghan, sudiyalardyng korrupsiyalyq әreketterge, eshteneden qauiptenbey-aq, baratyn tóte - tura joly bolghandyghy júrtty alandatyp otyr. Qoldanystaghy zandardy basshylyqqa almay-aq, olardyng baptaryna sýienbey-aq, baptardaghy kórsetilgen talaptardy, normalardy oryndamay- aq, ony búrmalap tek qana ózderining «ishki nanym-senimderine ghana sýienushilik» ol sudiyalardyng ózderining jeke bas mýddesin jýzege asyru bolyp tabylady.
Osynday qaghida-reseptpen shygharylghan sudiya sheshimi zangha qayshy sybaylastyqqa negizdelgen bolyp shyghady. Múnday әdiletsiz sheshim shygharghan sudiya, atalghan baptaghy qaghidany «basshylyqqa aldym» dep sybaylastyghyn sol bappen býrkemelep zan aldynda jauap bermeydi.
Bizde QR qoldanystaghy qylmystyq kodekste 418 - bap «Kórineu әdiletsiz sot ýkimin, sheshimin nemese ózge de sot aktisin shygharu» dep atalatyn arnayy bap bar. Alayda ol bap tek dekarasiya ony qoldanu mýmkin emes, sudiyalar zansyz sheshim shygharghanda atalghan bap boyynsha tek Bas prokuratura ghana is qozghay alady alady. Al qarapayym azamattardy búl bap boyynsha shaghym jazu qúqyghynan qúityrqy tәsilmen aiyrghan. Al tәjiriybe kórsetip ootyrghanday Bas prokuatura sudiyalargha qylmysy ýshin eshuaqytta qylmystyq is qozghap kórgen emes. Tek biylikten arnayy tapsyrys bolghan jaghdayda ghana qylmystyq is qozghaydy. Sonda atalghan kodekstegi osy bap júmys istemese ony kodekske jazyp qajeti qansha? Jәne múnday sybaylastyq maqsattaghy alalau sudiyalardyng qanday sheshim shygharam dese ózderi sheshetin aiyryqsha derbestik berip qoyghan. Al sudiyalar ózderi әdiletti dep memleket atynan shygharatyn sheshimderin, ýkimderin belgili bir «taksa» boyynsha baghalap tovargha ainaldyrghan.
Osylay sudiyalardyng jalghan әdiletiz sheshim shygharghany ýshin jazagha tartylmaytyn etip biylik basyndaghylar qyzmettik lauazymdaryn teris paydalanyp halyqtyng erkindigin bostandyghyna shekteu qoyyp keldi.
418-bap. Kórineu әdiletsiz sot ýkimin, sheshimin nemese ózge de sot aktisin shygharu
1. Sudiyanyng (sudiyalardyn) kórineu әdiletsiz sot ýkimin, sheshimin nemese ózge de sot aktisin shygharuy - belgili bir lauazymdardy atqaru nemese belgili bir qyzmetpen ainalysu qúqyghynan bes jylgha deyingi merzimge aiyra otyryp, eki jyldan alty jylgha deyingi merzimge bas bostandyghynan aiyrugha jazalanady.
2. Bas bostandyghynan aiyrugha sottyng zansyz ýkimining shygharyluyna baylanysty nemese ózge de auyr zardaptargha әkep soqqan dәl sol is-әreket - belgili bir lauazymdardy atqaru nemese belgili bir qyzmetpen ainalysu qúqyghynan on jylgha deyingi merzimge aiyra otyryp, alty jyldan on jylgha deyingi merzimge bas bostandyghynan aiyrugha jazalanady
Al órkeniyetti elderdegi sudiyalardyn sot barysynda shygharghan sheshimderi sol elding halqynyng mýddesine say, olardyng óz erikterimen qabyldanghan demokratiyalyq mәni bar zandargha ghana negizdelip shygharylady.
Qúqyqtyq memleket atanghan elderdegi sudiyalargha qoyylatyn talap, kókirek kózi qiyaldaghyny shalatyn, oiy oramdy, zandy ghana bilip qoymay, ony tap basyp, әdiletti baylam jasay alatyn, aqiqattan attamaytyn әrdayym halyq kónilinen shyghatyn zandy ghana basshylyqqa alatyn túlgha boluy shart. Eger zandy basshylyqqa almaghan jaghdayda sudiya ózining sudiya degen mәrtebesine núqsan keltirip, joghaltady. Sondyqtan, olar әldiden zәbir kórgen әlsizding joghyn joqtap, әdiletten attamaugha tyrysady.
Ótken tarihtan belgili qazaq biylerinen qalghan qasterli múra, danalyq, qara qyldy qaq jarar әdildikting adal oghy, satylmaghan qazaqtyng kiyeli auyzdy biylerinen shyqqan әdiletti sheshim bolyp shyqqan-sózder býgingi tanda da qazaq qoghamyna auaday qajet bolyp túr.
Óitkeni, Zang ýstemdigi bolmaghan jerde qúqyqty memlekette bolmaydy. Tipti ejelgi dýnie adamdary da erkindikti ansaghanda zannyng ýstemdigi arqyly ghana bostandyqqa jetuge bolady dep topshylaghan eken. Sol zamannyng ataqty filosofy Siyseron: "Búl zannyng qúly bolghanda ghana erkin bola alamyz"-dep dәl aitqan kórinedi. Qúqyqtyq-memleketting adamgha bergen syilyghy emes, olay dep týsinu mýlde qate. Qúqyq adamnyng tabighatymen birge tughan. Búl turaly amerikanyng tәuel¬sizdigi deklarasiyasyna engen ózining tamasha sózinde Tomas Djefferson qúqyqtyq memlekettegi demokratiyalyq ýkimetting irgetasyn qalaytyn negizgi qaghidany atap kórsetken. Onda demokratiyalyq ýkimet Djefferson aitqanday bostandyqtyng basty týrlerin halyqqa syilay salmaydy, ýkimet әr adam tughannan bastap ie bolugha tiyisti bostandyqty qorghau ýshin ghana qúrylady - degen. Al bizde qalay eng songhy faktylar J.Mamaygha shygharylghan sot sheshimi, million dollar para alghan Vasiliy Niy –ge shygharylghan sot sheshimi t s.s. Zang ýstemdigi me, joq tapsyryspen shygharylghan sheshim be? Ony júrt jaqsy biledi.
Esenghazy Quandyq, tarih ghylymdarynyn doktory, professor
Abai.kz