Sukuktar shygharudy qolgha almaqshy
Elimizge Islam bankingining eng negizgi qyzmetteri birtindep kele bastady. 30 qantar kýni Almatyda Kausar Consulting kompaniyasy BNP Paribas y Encore Management S.A. qarjy instituttary shygharghan islamdyq obligasiyalar – sukuktardy biznes-ortagha tanystyrdy. Qazaqstanda islam bank jýiesining ornyghuyna tikeley atsalysyp, osy túrghyda kenesshilikpen qatar, saqtandyru( takaful), qúndy qaghazdardy (sukuk) satu siyaqty qyzmetter kórsetetin Kausar Consulting kompaniyasynyng atqarushy diyrektory Edige Alpysbaydan banktik qyzmetting jana týri turaly súrap bildik.
– Edige, sizding kompaniyanyng kenesimen qazaqstandyq naryqqa úsynylyp jatqan sukuktargha qyzyghushylyq qalay?
– Zeynetaqy jinaqtaushy qorlary, kompaniyalar tarapynan úsnystar týsip jatyr. Alayda naqty kelisimshart jasalyp ýlgerilmegennen keyin olar turaly keng maghlúmat bere almaymyn. Alayda, Alayda, búl sukuktar dollarmen esepteledi. Óitkeni qazir Qazaqstan dollarmen aliternativalyq qarjylyq qúraldar az. Onyng ýstine, BNP Paribas y Encore Management S.A. әlemge tanymal qajylyq qúrylymdar. Olardyng Qazaqstangha shygharyp otyrghan sukuktarynyng jalpy qúny әzirshe 20 million dollar mólsherinde, ol sukuktar Bahreyndegi, Kuveyttegi, Birikken Arab Ámirlikterindegi naqty aktivtermen qorghalghan, yaghny jýzege asatyn naqty jobalargha salynghan. Sondyqtan búl islamdyq obligasiyalar investorlargha qarjylaryn diyversikasiyalaugha mýmkindik beredi.
– Qazaqstangha әkelingen bir sukuktyng qúny qansha?
Olardyng baghasy әrtýrli. Alayda dәl qazirgi jaghdayda ózining qúnynan 20 payyzgha deyin arzangha alugha bolady. Eger qarapayym tilmen týsindiretin bolsaq, sukuktyng basty baghasy 100 dollar túrsa da, býkil әlemdik daghdarysqa baylanysty 80-90 dollargha tómendedi. Alayda onyng qúny qaytadan ósuge bet aldy. Sondyqtan sukukty qazir satyp alghan adamdar, odan payda kóredi.
– Sizding kompaniyanyng eng negizgi qyzmetteri qanday?
– Bizding kompaniyanyng eng negizgi mindeti – islam bank jýiesin elimizge engizuge sebeptesu. Osyghan baylanysty zannamany jasaqtaugha qatystyq. Ras keshe Senattan keri qaytaryldy. Alayda zannyng eshqanday mini joq, tek qazaqsha redaksiyasynda selkeulikter bar dep oilaymyn. Konsaltingtik kompaniya bolghandyqtan Qazaqstandyq kompaniyalargha sukuk shygharugha, Islamdyq bankting negizgi ónimderi sauda-qarjylandyru (murabaha), ýlestik birlesken qarjylandyru (musharaka), jal (idjara), aqshany senimdi basqaru (mudaraba), islamdyq bank qyzmetining auqymynda agenttik qyzmet kórsetu (vakala), syiaqysyz banktik qaryz operasiyalaryn jýzege asyru (kard әl-hasan), saqtandyru (takaful) qyzmetterimen ainalysugha kenes beremiz, treningter ótkizemiz, shetelmen baylanys jasaymyz.
– Sukuk shygharudy qolgha alghan qanday qazaqstandyq kompaniyalardy atay alasyz?
– Negizinen, memlekettik kompaniyalar sukuk shygharudy qolgha alghaly jatyr. Naqty sheshim qabyldanbaghandyqtan, olardy atap-týstep bere almaymyn. Meninshe, «Islamdyq bank jýiesi turaly» zang qabyldanbayynsha, búl is sәl kibirtikteytin bolady.
– Islamdyq saqtandyru jýiesining aiyrmashylyghy qanday?
– Dәstýrli saqtandyru jýiesinde siz jarnanyzdy sóilep túrsanyz, sizge kompaniya kepil bolady. Al takafulda kelisimshart «sol saqtandyru kompaniyasyna mýshe adamdar bir-birine kepil bolady» degen talap boyynsha jasalady. Yaghni, adamdar qiynshylyqqa úshyraghanda bir-birine kómektesu kerek degen adamy prinsip basshylyqqa alynady.
Ekinshi aiyrmashylyq – bizdegi saqtandyru kompaniyalary adamdar salghan jarnadan qúralghan aqshany investisiyagha salyp, paydasyn ózine alyp qalady. Al takaful saqtandyru kompaniyalarynda eki qor bolady. Biri – sadaqa qory. Yaghni, saqtandyru qor tútynushylaryna birdene bolghan jaghdayda beriletin qarjy qory. Ekinshisi – investisiyalyq qor. Ol qordan naqty investisiyalyq jobalargha salynyp, eselengen aqsha qor tútynushylarymen bóliniske týsedi.
Súhbattasqan Ádilbek JAPAQ
