Adamzat ómirindegi tendesi joq eng qúndy syilyq jәne bagha jetpes zor baylyq – densaulyq. Dana halqymyz «Densaulyq – zor baylyq» dep, oghan jiti nazar audaryp otyrudy ýnemi shegeley týsui mine, osydan bolsa kerek. Óitkeni deni saudyng jany sau bolatyny aitpasa da týsinikti. Desek te, býgingi tanda aurudyng týrleri kóbeyip, adamdardyng odan zardap shegui shekten tys úlghayyp barady. Qazaqstanda 35 myngha juyq nauqas Parkinson diagnozymen ómir sýrip jatyr. Jyl sayyn olardyng qatary 2,5 myng adamgha artyp otyrady eken.

Sonymen Parkinson degen qanday auru? Ol qanday jaghdayda payda bolady? Klinikalyq belgileri, ony emdeudeuding em-domdyq týrleri qanday? Mine, osy siyaqty basqa da ózekti súraqtargha jauapty kópshilikting nazaryna úsynghandy jón sanadyq.

Parkinson – jýike jýiesining eng qauipti әri júmbaq aurularynyng biri. Búl aurugha shaldyqqanda midaghy neyrondar qyzmeti búzylady. Ádette, búl dert 55 pen 65 jas aralyghyndaghy adamdarda jәne kóbine erler arasynda jii kezdesedi. Biraq 30-40 jasynda, tipti 20 jasynda Parkinsongha shaldyqqan nauqastar da joq emes. Ókinishke oray, qazirgi medisina búl aurudyng neden payda bolatynyn dóp basyp, dәl anyqtay almay otyr.

Sondyqtan Parkinson auruy qazirgi tanda Alisgeymer auruynan keyin әlemde eng keng taraghan neyrodegenerasiyalyq auru bolyp tabylady. Neyrodegenerasiya degenimiz nerv jasushalarynyng birtindep óz qyzmetin joghaltyp, týbinde ólip qaluy. Neyrodegenerasiya adamdy mýgedektikke alyp kelui mýmkin. Býgingi kýnde әlemde parkinson auryna shaldyqqyn adamdardyng sany 4 milliongha juyq. Parkinson auruynyng orta eseppen taraluy 100 myngha shaqqanda 150-200, alayda búl kórsetkish jasy 70-80-nen asqan adamdar arasynda 300-ge deyin jetui әbden mýmkin. Parkinson auruyna negizinde egde jasqa jetken adamdar beyim bolghanmenen, songhy jyldary búl auru 30 ben 60 jas aralyghyndaghy júmys isteytin jas adamdar arasynda jiyilep ketti. Qazaqstanda PA epiydemiologiyasy zerttelmegen. Álemdik statistikany saraptaghanda bizding elimizde mólshermenen otyz bes myngha juyq adam Parkinson auruyna shaldyqqan dep sanaugha bolady. Ghalymdardyng boljamy boyynsha búl aurumen aldynghy on jyldyqta eki milliongha juyq adam auyrady. Osy statistikalyq boljamdy eskere otyryp, egemen Qazaqstanda Parkinson auruynyng keng taraluy tek әleumettik emes, ekonomikalyq yqpaldyng da әserinen tuyndauy mýmkin dep oilaugha bolady.

Parkinson auruynyng sebebi midyng jasaushalarynda alifa sinuklein degen aquyzdyng mólsherden tys jinaluy, jinalghan aquyzdyng toksin bólui jәne sol toksinderding saldarynan ortalyq mida ornalasqan qara substansiyanyng DOFAMIN degen himiyalyq zatty týzetin nerv jasushalarynyng ólui bolyp tabylady. Dofamin jetkiliksizdigi Parkinson auruynyng negizgi belgilerine alyp keledi. Olar qaytalmaly qimyl qozghalys shapshandyghy bayaulauy men búlshyqetting qajuy. Búl belgi medisina tilinde bradikiyneziya dep atalady. Bradikiyneziya Parkinson auruynyng negizgi belgisi. Aurudyng qosymsha belgileri qol men ayaqtyng dirildeui, qaqsap auruy, búlshyqetterding tyrysyp, qatyp qaluy. PA 90% jaghdayda sporadikalyq týrde payda bolady, yaghny aurudyng anyq sebebi bolmaydy. On payyz jaghdayda auru túqym qualap jýredi. Mida alifa sinuklein jinaluyna sporadikalyq jaghdaylarda birqatar risk gender men qorshaghan orta faktorlarynyng ózara qarym qatynasy alyp keledi.

Parkinson auruyn әlemde dәrilik jәne hirurgiyalyq әdistermen emdeu qolgha alynghan. Dәrilik emning negizi midaghy dofamin jetkiliksizdigin qayta qalpyna keltiretin «Levodopa» dәrileri taghayyndalady. Qazaqstanda búl aurugha qarsy tirkelgen «Levodopa» dәrileri nakom, levokarbisan jәne madopar deytin týrleri bar. «Levodopa» dәrilik preparaty Parkinson auruy emindegi altyn standart bolyp sanalady. Qazirgi tanda levodopagha qaraghanda júmsaq dәriler shyqty. Olardyng ishinde Qazaqstanda tirkelgenderi «Mirapeks», «Aziylekt». Alayda, kóptegen Parkinson auruyna qarsy jana dәriler bizding elimizde joq.

Parkinson auruyn hirurgiyalyq jolmen emdeuding eng útymdy әdisi – midyng tereng stimulyasiyasy dep atalady (Deep brain stimulation). Búl әdis Qazaqstanda 2013 jyldan bergi uaqytta Shashkin Shynghys Saqaúly degen neyrohirurgting qolymen qoldanylyp kele jatqany belgili.  Osy kýnge dәiin ol 200-den astam Parkinson auruymen auyratyn adamgha midyng tereng stimulyasiyasyn jasap ýlgerdi. Alayda, búl operasiya parkinson auruynyng negizgi sebepterin týbegeyli joya almaydy, biraq aurudyng asqynu belgilerin óte jaqsy basady. Operasiya jasalghan adamdar kóp dәri ishpeydi. Úzaq ómir sýredi. Búl operasiyany Qazaqstan azamattary ýshin tegin kvota aludyng kezegine der kezinde túru arqyly jasaugha bolady.

Qazirgi tanda әlemde parkinson auruynyng belgilerin basatyn dәriler ghana bar. Biraq aurudyng ýdeuin bayaulatatyn jәne sebebin joyatyn dәriler men әdister әli oilap tabylmaghan. Sol sebepti ghalymdar izdenis ýstinde. Alayda kóptegen eksperiymenttik әdister әlemning týpkir týpkirinde qoldanylyp jatyr. Olardyng ishinde migha dofamin týzetin baghanaly jasushalardy implantasiya jasau, genetikalyq әdistermen auru shaqyratyn genderding qyzmetin qalpyna keltiru jәne taghy basqa zamanauy әdister kiredi. Osy әdisterdi qoldanu әli de keng qoldanysqa engizilmegenine qaramastan, bolashaqta osy әdister ózining útymdy paydalylyghy men qauipsizdigin dәleldep, keng dәrejede qoldanylyp, Parkinson auruyn tolyq emdeuge alyp keledi degen ýmit ghalymdarda bar.

Qazaqstan men Ortalyq Aziyada Parkinson auruymen jýieli týrde ainalysatyn Parkinson ortalyghy qazirgi tanda әzirge tek Almaty qalasynda ghana bar. Búl ortalyq «Standardneuro ortalyghy» dep atalady. Búl ortalyq Parkinson auruynyng Qazaqstan aimaghy boyynsha medisinanyng joghary sanatyndaghy bilikti dәriger, izdenimpaz ghalym, bastamashyl mamandar – Qayyrjanov Rauan Baghdanúly men Parkinson auruyn neyrohirurgiyalyq jolmen emdeytin Shashkin Shynghys Saqaúlynyng tikeley úiymdastyruymen qúrylghan. Býgingi tanda búl ortalyqta birqatar Parkinson auruyna qatysty maman-nevrolog dәrigerleri, parkinson reabilitologtary, psihologtar, sóileu men jútynu joldaryn emdeu mamandary, midy magnitti stimulyasiya jasau mamandary, neyrohirurgtar júmys isteydi. Ortalyq 2018 jyldyng nauryz aiynda ashylyp býgingi kýnge deyin 500-den astam Parkinson auruyna shaldyqqan syrqattardy qarap, olargha dәl diagnoz qoyyp, dispanserli esepke alghan. Birneshe ay boyy ortalyq Parkinson auruynyng kompleksti reabilitasiyasyn jasaudy týbegeyli qolgha alghan. Kompleksti reabilitasiyagha reabilitologtyng qarauyna qosa onyng jeke reabilitasiyalyq programmasynyng qúrastyryluy, odan keyingi jekeshe týrde instruktormen jattyghu zalynda, jýzu basseyninde jalghastyru, psihologpen ainalysu, dauysty jaqsartu jattyghulary, sonymen qatar ózining tiyimdi paydalylyghyn klinikalyq zertteulermen dәleldengen toptasymen jasalatyn tango biyi, Rony Gardiyner muzyqalyq әdisi, skandinaviyalyq tayaqpen jýru arqyly býtkil dene qúrylysyn serpiltu, shynyqtyru, kino-yoga әdisteri kiredi. Standardneuro ortalyghynan reabilitasiyadan ótken adamdar onyng paydasyn kórip jatyr. Standardneuro Ortalyghy Parkinson auruyn emdeuding tolyqqandy siklyn qamtudy jedel týrde qolgha alghan. Yaghny aurudyng diagnozyn der kezinde dәl anyqtau, dispanserli esepke alu, parkinson auruynyng auyrlyghyn anyqtaytyn halyqaralyq shkalany jasaqtau, aurudy tiyimdi dәrilik jolmen emdeu, reabilitasiya jasau, midy magnitti stimulasiyalau, aurudy hirurgiyalyq jolmen emdeu taghy sol siyaqty emdeu tәsilderi atalmysh siklding qúramyna kiredi. Standardneuro Ortalyghynda auru adamdar men olardyng tuystary ýshin «Parkinson auruy mektebi» úiymdastyrylyp otyr. Búl óz kezeginde tegin týrde Parkinson auruy jayly tolyq aqparat beru, onyng útymdy em-domy jәne diyetasy, ómir jasyn úzartugha qatysty týrlishe jattyghulardyng útqyrlyghyn arttyru jóninde útymdy aqparat alyp otyru ýshin jasalghan eng útymdy taptyrmasqa mýmkindik bolyp tabylady. Óitkeni qazaq elinde Parkinson auruymen auyratyn adamdar qayda, kimge bararyn bilmey, aurudyng der kezinde diagnozyn anyqtay almay jәne der kezinde útymdy em-domgha qolyn jetkize almay, óz ýiinde shekten tys zardap shegip jatqan syrqattardyng sany qanshama... Olay bolsa, Parkinson auruyna dushar bolghan adamdardyng qamy ýshin qúrylghan asa qajetti «Klinikalyq Standardneuro Ortalyghyna» әrdayymda sәttilik tileymiz.

«Klinikalyq Standardneuro Ortalyghynyn» meken-jayy: Almaty qalasy, «Qalqaman» yqsham audany, Bәiken Áshimov kóshesi, 2, №1 qalalyq auruhananyng ghimaratynda ornalasqan. Úyaly tel.: 8 701 550 50 26.

Moldaghaly Matqan, Álem halyqtary Jazushylary Odaghynyng mýshesi, Halyqaralyq Mústafa Kemal Atatýrik atyndaghy Altyn medalding iyegeri, qogham qayratkeri, publisist-jazushy, akademiyk

Abai.kz