Din salasyn zandyq túrghydan retteu barlyq elde bar
Elimizdin parlamentine talqylaugha týsken «Dini qyzmet jәne dini birlestikter turaly» Zangha tolyqtyrular men ózgerister engizu turaly zan jobasy memleketting din salasyndaghy sayasatynyng pәrmendiligin arttyrugha baghyttalghan. Qogham jәne mәdeniyet qayratkerleri diny kózqarasy men ústanymyn kópshilik aldynda jariyalaugha múqiyat jәne saliqaly qaraghany dúrys.
Memlekettik qyzmetkerler qyzmettik babyn diny birlestikter mýddesine oray paydalanuyna tyiym saluy oryndy. El aumaghyndaghy 18 konfessiyagha tiyesili 3600 asa diny birlestikter tirkelgendigin nazargha alsaq, búl memleket pen din qatynasyn zayyrly jýiege say retteuding joly. Memlekettik basqaru jýiesining zayyrly sipatyn nyghaytu jәne memleket pen din qatynasyn jetildiru ýshin diny oqu oryndaryn qospaghanda, mektepter jәne joghary oqu oryndarynyng ústazdary diny senimdik ústanymyn jariya kórsetpeui zayyrly bilim jýiesi talabyna say. Lauazymyn ózine baghynyshty qyzmetkerlerdi diny ghibadatqa qatysugha mәjbýrleu maqsatynda qoldanugha bolmaytyndyghy uaqyt talabynan tuyp otyr. Basshysynyng diny senimge qatysty kózqarasyn qyzmettik mansabyn saqtau jәne qyzmetin ósiru jolynda paydalanudy qalaytyndargha tosqauyl qoyylady Memlekettik qyzmetkerlerding diny senimge qatysty kózqarasynyng jariya kórsetilmeui oryndy. Dini ghibadat memlekettik qyzmetten tys uaqytta iske asyryluy zayyrly sipatqa say. Zayyrlylyq pen ziyalylyq, ruhanilyq pen dindarlyq mәdeniyeti últtyq órkeniyetimizding janghyruyna qyzmet jasauy tiyis. Oraza ústau, namaz oqu, qajylyqqa baru PR maqsatynda qoldanylmauy qajet.
Diny senimdi sayasy maqsatqa jәne naqty top mýddesine oray qoldanu dinning sayasilanuyna alyp keletin qadam. Diny top úiymdastyru jolymen qoghamdyq pikir men qoghamdyq psihologiyagha yqpal jasau sekulyarly memleket qaghidasyna kereghar. Memleket pen din qatynasynyng saliyqaly filosofiyasy – ózara әriptestik, týsinistik jәne taghattylyq. Qoghamdaghy túraqtylyqty jәne birlikti saqtau, nyghaytu memleket pen din qatynasynyng basty ólshemi. Memleketting din salasyn retteu, qadaghalau mehanizmderinin zannamalyq jәne qúqyqtyq tetikterin jetildiru uaqyt talabynan tuyndaghan qadam. Býgingi qoghamda din jәne diny úiymdar halyqtar dýniyetanymyn ózgerte alatyn quatty kýshke ainaldy. Jahandyq oiynshylar dinder kómegimen adamdar sanasyn biyleudi qalaydy. Songhy jyldary qogham men adamnyng dýniyetanymy men sayasy minez-qúlqyna dinning yqpaly ósude. 2011 jylghy arab kóktemi aimaqtyq jobasy ayasynda Tuniys, Mysyr, Liviya, Yemen, Siriya elderining jastarynyng sanasyn sharpuynda Facebook, Twitter jelileri ózindik ról atqardy. Diny senim jastardyng qorshaghan ortagha degen narazylyghyn kórsetu qúraly retinde kórindi. Soltýstik Afrika jastary qoghamnan izdegen әdilettilik, tendik, meyirimdilik pen aqiqatty, yaghny óz qiyal-armanyndaghy júmaqty radikaldy diny iydeologiyalardan tapty. Transúlttyq dengeyde diny úiymdar men terrorlyq kvaziymemleketting payda boluy býgingi postmoderndik zaman tuyndylary. Postsekulyarlyq mәdeniyet dindarlyqtyng jana formasy kvaziy-psevdo teokratiyalyq memleketting qúryluyna jol ashty. Suyq soghystan keyin kommunistik jәne kapitalistik iydeologiyanyn ornyn әsire dinshildik pen әsire últshyldyq iyelendi. Dinderding sayasilanuy zamanauy diniy-sayasy ýderisterge tәn qúbylys. XXI ghasyrda qogham men adam ómirin, minez-qúlqyn, dýniyetanymyn janghyrtuda din manyzdy ról atqara bastady. Hristiandyq órkeniyet ayasynda birikken euroodaq elderi ýshin dini biregeylik zayyrly mәdeny qúndylyqty saqtau manyzdy. Europa elderinde pәrәnji, nikab mәselesi qoghamda talas-tartys tudyrghan bolatyn. 2011 jyly sәuirde Fransiya qoghamdyq oryndarda niqab, hijab, burka kiige tyiym saldy. Qoghamdyq orynda hijab kiygenderge 150 evro aiyppúl salyp jәne bir saghat genderlik tendik, zayyrly qúndylyqtar turaly dәris tyndatady. Áyelin, qyzyn, qaryndasyn hijab, niqab kiige mәjbýrlegen erkekterge 30 myng evro aiyppúl salynady nemese bir jylgha bas bostandyghynan aiyrady. 2016 jyly Niyderlandtyng tómengi palatasy qoghamdyq oryndarda hijab, niqab kiige tyiym saldy. Zang búzushylargha 400 evro aiyppúl salynady. 2011 mamyrda Beligiya parlamenti qoghamdyq oryndarda pәrәnji, niqab kiige tyiym saldy. Zandy búzushylargha 15-20 evro aiyppúl salynady. Elding oqu oryndarynyng basshylary hijab mәselesine qatysty sheshim shygharu ókilettiligine iye.
2016 jyly qarashada Bolgariya parlamenti qoghamdyq oryndarda hijab, niqab kiige tyiym saldy. Zandy birinshi ret búzushylargha 100 evro, qayta búzghandargha 750 evro aiyppúl salynady. Zandy lauazymdy qyzmetkerler búzsa 250 evro, qayta búzushylargha 1000 evro aiyppúl salynady. 2016 jyly qazanda Avstriya zandy týrde qoghamdyq oryndarda pәrәnji, niqab kiige tyiym saldy. Zang búzushylargha 150 evro aiyppúl salynady. 2017 jyly qazanda Kanadanyng Kvebek ýkimeti avtobus jýrgizushilerine, kitaphanashylar jәne memlekettik qyzmetkerler ýshin pәrәnji jәne niqab kiige tyiym saldy. 2017 jyly sәuirde Germaniya parlamenti memlekettik qyzmetkerler, sudiyalar jәne әskeriyler ýshin júmysta pәrәnji jәne niqab kiige tyiym saldy. Biylikting ústanymy boyynsha búl zang elding ózge mәdeniyetke qatysty taghattylyq shegin kórsetui tiyis. 2010 jyly Germaniya Ghylymy kenesi jariyalaghan diny bilim beru mәselesi men bolashaghy turaly bayandamada dini bilim beru tek memlekettik oqu oryndarynda iske asuy tiyis dep kórsetilgen. 2012 jyly Tubingen uniyversiytetinde islam teologiyalyq ortalyghy ashyldy. Bilim beru jәne zertteu federaldy ministrligi (BMBF) islam teologiyalyq ortalyqtaryn qoldaugha 20 million evro bóludi kózdeude. Ortalyq bakalavr akademiyalyq dәrejesimen islam teologtaryn dayarlaydy. Fransiya, Italiya, Beligiya, Niyderland syndy elder shet elderde diny bilim alghan imamdardy qayta oqytu kurstarynan ótkizude.
Ortalyq Aziya elderinde 1990 jyldary bastalghan diny renessans ishki diny súranys jәne ata-baba ústanghan diny dәstýrge qayta oralu, imandylyq – últtyq sana men bolmystyng nәri degen ýmitpen baylanysty qarastyryldy. Qoghamnyng diny súranysy men ruhany qajettiligin mýddeli syrtqy jәne ishki kýshter óz maqsatyna qoldanugha úmtyldy. 1990 jyldardyng ortasynda aqidalyq ústanymy aimaqtyng dәstýrli ilimimen siyspaytyn aghymdar diny senimdi iydeologiyalyq yqpal etu retinde paydalandy. Postkommunistik jәne postateistik iydeologiya qúrsauynan endi shyqqan keybir adamdar radikaldy iydeologiya toryna shyrmaldy. Búl tәjik elindegi azamattyq soghysqa alyp keldi. Postkenestik elderdegi birden-bir diniy-sayasy partiya Tәjikstan islam órleu partiyasynyng qúryluy dinning memleket isine aralasuyn aiqyndady. Tәjistan 2013 jyly Iran, Mysyr, Liviya, Saud arabiyasy elderindegi diny oqu oryndarynda oqiytyn studentterin keri shaqyryp aldy. Alghashqy diny bilimdi elde alghan song arnayy komissiyanyng rúqsatynan keyin shet eldin diny oqu oryndarynda bilim alugha rúqsat etiledi. 2015 jyly Ortalyq Aziya elderindegi birden-bir diny partiya Tәjikstan islam qayta órleu partiyasyna tyiym salyndy. 2015 jyldan beri Tәjikstanda dindar azamattardyng saqaly 3 sm. aspauy tiyis degen talap bar.
1999-2000 jyldary Tashkent jәne basqa qalalarda bolghan jarylystan song memleket din salasyn qadaghalaudy kýsheytti. Shetelderding diny oqu oryndarynda oqityn ózbekstandyq studentter elge qaytaryldy. Eldegi sheteldik diny oqu oryndar jabyldy. El músylmandarynyng syrtqy beynesi men kiyim ýlgisi naqty qatang sharalarmen retteldi.
Ózbekstanda joghary diny bilim imam Buhary atyndaghy islam instiytuty men Tashkent islam uniyversiytetinde, al orta diny bilim medreselerde beriledi. 2017 jyly Islam órkeniyeti halyqaralyq zertteuler ortalyghy jәne islam akademiyasy ashylatyndyghy jariyalandy. Ortalyq Aziyadan shyqqan imam Buhari, imam Nauai, imam Termizy jәne imam Maturidy múralaryn zertteu men nasihattaugha biylik tarapynan qoldau kórsetilude. Eldegi islamtanulyq bilim beru jýiesi birizdi jәne birynghay oqytu baghdarlamasyn ústanady. Qyrghyzstan men Týrkimenstanda alghashqy jәne negizgi diny bilimdi el aumaghyndaghy oqu oryndarynda beru mәselesi zandyq túrghyda sheshilude. Resey músylmandar túratyn aimaqtarda el músylmandary ústanatyn aqida jәne fiyqh mazhabtaryna say bilim berudi qolgha aluda. Qazirgi Ortalyq Aziya elderinde desekulyarizasiya prosesinin ornyna resekulyarizasiya prosesine nazar audaryluda.
2017 jyly qyrkýiekte Tatarstanda Búlghar islam akademiyasy ashyldy. Akademiyada magistratura jәne doktorantura bólimderi bar. Oqu – tegin. Biylik jana oqu ornyn islam bilim-ghylymy salasyndaghy elding iydeologiyalyq derbestigining túghyry retinde qaraydy. Negizgi maqsat – diny radikalizmning taraluynyng aldyn alu, islamtanulyq ghylymy mektep qalyptastyru jәne diny oqu oryndarynyng bәsekege qabilettiligin arttyru. Akademiya ayasynda diny ýkimder beretin ghúlamalar kenesi qúryldy. 2018 jyly qantarda RF tergeu komiyteti sheteldik diny oqu oryndarynda bilim aludy qalaytyn jastardy irikteu kerektigin úsyndy. Resey preziydenti әkimshiliginde islamdyq jobalardyng ýilestirushi-kuratorlary islam mәdeniyeti, bilim jәne ghylym qoryn qúryp, islamdyq bilim beru úiymdaryn memlekettik qarjylandyru kózderin izdestirude, búl kóbine diny ekstremizm men terrorizmmen kýres maqsatyna baghyttalady. Resey biyligi ýshin jahandanu jaghdayynda Resey músylmandarynyng etnodiny biregeyligin qalyptastyru men dәstýrli dindarlyqty jetildiru manyzdy. Sheteldik din ghúlamalarynyng pәtuasyna qúlaq salyp, jat-júrttyq din ústazdaryna elikteytin әri qasterleytin dindarlardyng qalyptasuy men kóbengi qauipti qúbylys. Sondyqtan tarihy qalyptasqan dәstýrli diny sana men dindarlyq mәdeniyetine say diny ústanymdy qalyptastyru ýshin reseylik músylman din ghúlamalarynyng mektebin ashu memleketting din salasyndaghy ústanymy. Dәstýrli diny sana men dindarlyq mәdeniyetine say diny ústanymdy qalyptastyru ýshin Reseyde islamtanulyq bilim beruding ýsh dengeyi medrese-joghary oqu orny-akademiya jýiesin qalyptastyru ýshin maqsatty júmystar jýrude. Qytay halyq respublikasynda islamy bilim alugha niyetti jastardy eldegi diny oqu oryndarynda oqytu jýiesi bar. Batys europa elderi óz músylmandaryn memlekettik biregeylik mәdeniyetinde tәrbiyeleu maqsatynda әreket jasauda.
Elimizde songhy jyldary jii kóteriletin hijab taqyryby týrli aitys-tartystyng ózegine ainaldy. Elimizding mektepterinde qyzmet jasaytyn ústazdardyng 98-99% әielder. Demek, qyz balalardyng ózge kózderden býrkenui ýshin negiz joq. Olardyng mektep ýlgisine say kiyinui dýniyetanymynda újymdyq biregeylikti qalyptastyrady. Úzyn saqal jәne qysqa shalbar kii islamnyng alghashqy jyldarynda músylmandardy ózge diny qauymdardan ereksheleytin belgi retinde әri islamgha deyingi qauymgha úqsamau maqsatynda qoldanyldy. Últtyq mәdeniyetimizde saqal kópti kórgen danalyqtyng jәne parasattylyq pen tazalyqtyng rәmizi.
Elimizding diny qyzmet turaly zanyna tolyqtyrular men ózgerister engizui aumaly-tókpeli zamana tynysynan tuyndauda. Eldegi memleket jәne din qatynasynyng ózekti tústary: zayyrly qaghidany saqtau jәne nyghaytu, ar-újdan bostandyghyn qamtamasyz etu, totalitarlyq radikaldy iydeologiya jәne destruktivtik diny aghymdarmen kýres, syrtqy diny yqpaldy tejeu mehanizmderin jetildiru, dinning sayasilanuynyng aldyn alu, dәstýrli dindarlyq mәdeniyetining sapalyq túrghydan ósuin qoldau jәne joghary ruhaniylyqty jetildiru.
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