Qazaq kýresin qaytip damytamyz?
Kýres ónerdin tóresi, ony oiynshyqqa,
saudagha ainaldyrugha bolmaydy!
(Baluan Sholaq)
Qazaqstan kýres sporty basqa sport týrlerine qaraghanda kenje qalyp barady. Kenes ókimeti kezinde Qazaqstan respublikasynda tәrbiyelenip, ósip shyqqan paluandar: klassika kýres sheberleri Vladimiyr Bakuliyn, Valeriy Rezansev, Anotoliy Nazarenko, Shәmil Serikov, Jaqsylyq Ýshkempirov, Anatoliy Kolesov, Knyazi Ahmetov, Dәulet Túrlyhanov, Yuriy Melinichenko, Baqtiyar Bayseyitovter, al erkin kýres sheberleri Amangeldi Ghabsattarov, Ábilseyit Ayhanov, Amanjol Búghybaev, Aleksandr Ivanov, Petr Surikov, Baumbah, Ramazan Núrmanov, Mәlik Nadyrbekov, Jaqsyjol Kórpebaev, Amangeldi Músabekov, Saylau Múqashov, Amangeldi Japparov, Musan Abdulmýsilimov, Serik Alshynbaev, Múrat Mayauyzov, Mәulen Mamyrov, Islam Bayramukovtar elimizdin atyn odaqtyq, әlemdik jәne olimpiada jarystarynda talay ret aspangha shygharghan edi.
Sol kezdegi qazaq jastary men jasóspirimderdin sportqa qúlshynystary, onyn ishinde kýres pen boksqa degen qúmarlyqtary erekshe bolatyn. Kenes ókimeti zamanynda densaulyqty saqtaugha asa manyz berilip, memleketting basty baylyghy, tútqasy retinde, biylikting tarapynan sportqa asa qatty kónil bólinushi edi. Mektep oqushylarynan bastap, pensionerlerge deyin «Otandy qorghaugha dayyn bol!» deytin, birneshe satyly normativter tapsyrylatyn uaqyttar, әli esimizde.
Ótpeli kezen ótip, el jaghdayy týzelip, ondy-solymyzdy týgendep kele jatqanda sportqa da, onyn ishinde halqymyzben birge atam zamannan bergi jasasyp kele jatqan óneri kýrestin damuynyn elimizde jetekshi oryn almay kele jatqany qynjyltady. Qazaqtar o bastan kýres, at sporty, sadaq atu, nayzalasu, semserlesu men sayystar, kókpar siyaqty batyrlyq pen erlikti talap etetin jekpe-jek týrlerine qatty kónil bólgen. Bayaghyda batyr babalarymyz jaularymen jekpe-jekke shygharda qarsy jaqtyn batyryna: «Alyspaq kerek pe, atyspaq kerek pe, ne shabyspaq kerek pe?!» dep súrau salghan. Yaghni búl kýres ónerinin o bastan Úly Babalarymyzdyng jauyngerlik, batyrlyq sipatynyn qúramdas bóliginin biri bolyp sanalghanynyn belgisi. Úly Babalarymyz Kiyeli paluandar dep:
1.«Tayqazandy» kótergender - Áz Gharab Alatau Batyr jәne Basqarau paluandy atapty.
2.«Alty-taban» - dep, búlar boylary «Syryqtay», týielerdi iyghyna salyp jýre beretin alyptardy atapty.
3.«Qos qaqpaly» - dep, Jonghar – Qazaq maydanynyn qaharmany, Abylay Hannyng Bas Batyry Ashamayly Kerey Qanay Datqaúly Qúlanhayyr Hanbas Batyrdy atapty.
Al kýshine qarap berilgen paluannyng aldyn:
1. «Týie tartar» – dep ataghan, yaghny búl paluan bir shaqyrymgha deyin týieni arqalap baralghan.
2. «Ógiz tartar» - dep, yaghny búl ataqty bir shaqyrymgha deyin ógizdi arqalap barghan paluangha bergen.
Al Eldin kez-kelgen búryshynda paluandargha beriletin shender bylay atalypty:
1. Atan paluan
2. Týie paluan
3. Ógiz paluan
4. Shalys paluan
5. Qarys paluan
6. Qaugha paluan
7. Jigit beldi
8. Bala beldi
9. Sәby sinir – dep ataghan eken.
Qazaq kýresinin nebir alyptary, tarihta qalghan Úly batyrlar: Iman Jýsip, Baluan Sholaq әlemnin birneshe dýrkin chempiony Qajymúqandar shyqqan elde kýres ónerinin basqa sport týrlerine qaraghanda kóp biyik túruy kerek-aq jәne búl ózi erlik pen órlikti biyik tútqan Qazaq halqy ýshin tabighi zandylyq bolugha tiyisti qúbylys bolar edi.
Qazir, elimizde qanshama kýres mamandary bolsa da taza kýres mektepteri joq. Búrynghyday talantty balalardy izdep tauyp, olardy arnayy mektepterge tartu men onyn ishinde auyr salmaqtaghy paluandar dayyndau jolgha qoyylmaghan.
Qalalarda, jer-jerlerde arnayy kýres zaldary joqtyn qasy. Kóbisi jalpy bilim beretin mektepterding sport zaldaryna ornalasqan. Tipten Shymkentte oblystyng qúrama komandasynyn jattyghatyn kýres zaly joq. Sport mektepterinin kópshiligi biyiktigi tómen, búrynghy bala-baqshalardyng jas sәbiyler tәrbiyelenetin bólmelerine ornalasqan. Bir jattyghuda paluandardyng qanshama ter tógip, qanshama tekshemetr aua jútatyny belgili. Al múnday biyiktigi 3 metrge jetpeytin bólmelerge kiyeli sport týri kýresti tyghyp tastau degenin, búl bile-bilgenge qylmys! Kýres ónerinin kóp qajyr-qayrat pen kýsh júmsaudy, asqan tazalyqty qajetsinetin sport týrine jatatyny belgili. Sanitarlyq gigiyenagha say jattyghulardan keyin juynyp-shayynatyn, qazirgi zaman talabyna say sport ghimarattary ýlken qalalarymyzdyn ózinde sausaqpen sanarlyq, óte az.
Songhy jyldary, kýresting súlulyghy men erlik sipatyn joghaltuyna әkelgen halyqaralyq kýres federasiyasy FILA-nyn erejelerining negizinde, әsirese erkin kýresting negizgi әdisteri parterlerde jasalyp, paluandar jylandargha úqsap, kilem ýstinde myng búralyp aunap jatatyn. Búrynghy erlik pen órlikti biyikke kóteretin tóske jәne jambasqa alu, ayaqqa ótip kóterip úru, diyirmen, tobyqtan shalu, ishten shalu siyaqty әdisterdin óte siyrek, tipten az qoldanylylyp ketip edi.
Búl erejelerge asa beyimdelushilik jastardyn erkin kýreske degen qyzyghushylyghyn azaytyp, onyn kósegesin kógertetin taktikalar emestigin uaqtysynda kóre bilgen FILA, ótken 2004 jyly Afina olimpiadasynan keyin, bedeli tizeden tómen týsip ketken kýres ónerin búrynghyday joghary kótergeni sport mamandaryna belgili.
Jәne aita keter mәselening biri, ókinishke oray songhy jyldary kýres te, basqa sport týrleri siyaqty kommersiyalanugha úshyrap barady. Jattyqtyrushylarymyz ózimizdin Qazaq elinde jaqsy paluandardy әlemdik, olimpiadalyq jarystargha dayyndaudyn ornyna basqa jaqtan, basqa elderden dayyn paluandardy shaqyryp, olargha azamattyq jәne pәter berip, qazaq elinin atynan jarysqa dayyndaudy әdetke ainaldyrghan. Mysaly klassikalyq kýres sheberleri Sur-sumiya - Gruziyadan, Manukyan - Armeniyadan shaqyrylsa, erkin kýres sheberleri G.Laliyev - Osetiyadan, Mutalibov - Kavkaz respublikalarynyn birinen, Spiridonov - Yakutiyadan shaqyrylghan. Sonda búl qalay? 16 milliondyq Qazaqstanda paluan úldar tuatyn analar qúryp qaldy ma? Shetelderden dayyn paluandardy әkeluge sonshama qarjy júmsaghansha, sol aqshalargha ózimizde nege óz jastarymyzdan paluandar dayyndamasqa... Álde, múnda biz bilmeytin basqa qúpiyalar bar ma?... Rezervter dayyndaumen jәne jastarmen júmys istep, olardy jarystargha jiyirek qatystyryp, tәjiriybe jinaqtasa, ózimizden de nebir tamasha paluandardyn shyghary sózsiz. Jәne aita keter manyzdy mәselenin biri jaqsy jattyqtyrushylarmen birge qúrama komandagha myqty psihologtar da asa qajet.
Al, eger bizdin jattyqtyrushylarymyz, jaqsy paluandar dayynday almasa, onda olardyn ornyna shetelderden myqty jattyqtyrushylar shaqyru kerek. Jaqsy bir jattyqtyrushy ondaghan myqty sportshylar dayyndaydy, al shaqyrylghan 5-6 sportshyn algha qoyghan maqsattaryn oryndaghasyn, elderine tayyp túrady.
Ótken olimpiadada ózbek komandasynyng atynan týsken Gruziyadan shaqyrylghan erkin kýres sheberi bergen súqbatynda óz elinde ekinshi oryn alyp, ózbekter atynan týsip chempiondyq syilyqqa alghan 100 000 myn AQSh dollaryn ózinin Gruziyasyna audaratynyn aityp jәne Gruziyanyng patrioty ekenine maqtanyp, ózaghamdardy býkil әlem aldynda masqarasyn shyghardy... Mine búl "qasqyrdy, qansha asyrasan da ormangha qarap úlityndyghynyn" keri...
Sporttyn densaulyq saqtaudaghy ornynan basqa, onyng asa manyzdylyghy elding atyn shygharatyndyghy. Jenimpaz sportshynyn qúrmetine, sol elding әnúrany oryndalady. El Basshymyz basqa elderge barghanda nemese basqa elding basshylary elimizge kelgende oinalatyn әn úran, sporttyn ainalasynda jiyi oryndalyp, Erlerimiz Eldigimizdi býkil dýniyege tanytady....
Sporttyn tek qana densaulyq saqtau men súlulyqqa, Otandy qorghaugha da dayyndaytyn shara ghana emes, asa ýlken tәrbie mektebi ekeni de belgili. Qazirgi nashaqorlyq pen maskýnemdiktin kóbeygen zamanynda, jasóspirimder men jastardy kompiuter oiyn zaldary men neshe týrli barlarda temekige kómilip otyrudan da aryltatyn sport alandary men mektepterin, ondaghy sport ýiirmelerin kóbeytetin uaqyt keldi. Respublika túrghyndarynyng densaulyqtaryn kýsheytude jәne semizdik pen jýrek taghy basqa aurulardyn aldyn aluda da, sport pen dene tәrbiyesin damytatyn halyqtyq jalpy fizkulituranyng orny da erekshe.
Últtyq sporttyn týrleri kýres, sayys, kókpar, sadaq atu, jekpe-jek, at sportyn damytu men olardyng tiyisti bazalaryn kýsheytu jәne arnayy kýres saraylaryn kóptep salu da, býgingi kýnning kezek kýttirmeytin mәselesine ainalyp otyr.
Osy ómirimizdin asa manyzdy salasy fizkulitura men sportty, onyn bazalary men sport industriyasyn, sport kiyimderi men qúraldaryn dayyndaytyn kәsiporyndaryn, ghylymiy-zertteu jәne ortopediya (jasóspirimderding jalpaq taban aurularynyng aldyn alu ýshin) instituttaryn ashyp, olardyn júmystaryn ýilestirip otyratyn, tәuelsizdiktin alghashqy ekonomikalyq qiyn uaqyttarynda jabylyp qalghan «Fizkulitura men sport» ministrligin qayta ashyp, Sport ministrligi búl aitylghan is-sharalardy odan әri jandandyratyn uaqyty keldi dep esepteymiz.
Jәne bir kónil bóletin jaghday naghyz erler ainalysatyn kýres týrlerimen, auyr atletika shtangamen nәziktikke, pәktikke, arulyqqa jaratylghan qyzdarymyzdyng aynalysa bastauy... Búl óz kezeginde, tabighat pen Úly Jaratylystyn zanyna qarsy túrushylyq pen qayshylyq bop shyghu emes pe?.. Qyzdargha mysaly, súlulyq pen әsemdik jarasady. Dýniyege jana úrpaq әkeluge jәne ardaqty ana dep atalugha, súlulyqtyn simvoldary tap-taza inkәrlik pen mahabbat ýshin jaralghan kórkem beynelerding ornyna, jauyryndary qaqpaqtay, moyyndary búqanyn moyynynday, jylqy túmsyqty, pil tirsekti sportshy qyzdardy elestetudin ózi tipti, sanagha auyr... Auyr sport týrlerimen ainalysu, qyzdardy ana bolu baqytynan mәngilikke aiyryp, olardy kәdimgi kýsh, yaghny arbagha jegetin júmys attaryna ainaldyryp jiberedi. Halqymyzdyng sanyn kóbeyte almay jýrgende, bizge osynday erkekshoralar qajet pe? Qyzdarymyzgha súlu sporttyn týrleri, sinhrondy jýzu men kórkem gimnastika, taghy da basqa sporttyn әielderge arnalghan týrleri jarasymdy-aq. Oiyna ne kelse sony istep ýirengen, shekten shyghyp, azghyndanyp, búzylyp bara jatqan batysqa eliktey beru eshkimge abyroy әpermes... Múnday әueyilikke negizdelgen ózimbilemdilikke, ozyq ýlgili salt-dәstýrge, búljytpay oryndalugha tiyisti Úly Babalar rәsimine, últtyq bolmysqa negizdelgen últtyq tәrbiyeni, barlyq әdemi naqyshty qanyq boyauymen qarsy qoya bilgen dúrys dep oilaymyz.
Ilesbek Bayjanov, Shymkent shahary
Abai.kz