Kipr araly kresshiler ýshin músylmandardy shabugha qolayly Jerorta tenizining shyghysyndaghy eng manyzdy strategiyalyq oryn boldy. Býrjy mәmlýkteri kezinde kiprlik kresshiler qarap jatpay, Mysyr men Sham jerining teniz jaghalauyndaghy eldi mekenderine ýstin-ýstin shabuyldap, músylmandardyng tynyshyn aldy. Teniz sauda joldaryn bógedi. 1365 jyly Kipr koroli I Petr Mysyrdyng soltýstigindegi Aleksandriyagha joryq jasap, qalany otqa oraydy. Áyel demey, bala-shagha, qart demey halqyn qyrghyngha úshyratady. Qalany ýsh kýn tonap oirandaghan kiprlikter elderine oljaly oralady.

Ýlkendi-kishili múnday joryqtar teniz jaghalauyndaghy qalalargha  jiyi-jii qaytalanyp túrdy. Aleksandriyagha jasalghanday joyqyn joryq 1393 jyly Sham jerindegi Tripoly qalasyna da jasaldy. «1423 jyly kresshiler Dumyat manynda mәmlýkterding eki ýlken kemesine shabuyl jasap, ondaghy bar jýkti tonap, jýzden asa adamymen qosa alyp ketedi» [1, 423 b.]. 1422 jyly býrjiyler kezeninde biylikke kelgen sherkesh Barysbay súltan (1422-1438 jyldary 16 jyl biylik qúrghan) kresshilerding búl qorlyghyna shydamay Kipr aralyna joryq jasaugha dayyndyq jýrgizedi. 1424 jyly Kiprge jasaghan alghashqy kishigirim barlau joryghynda Limasol portyna shabuyldap, teniz qaraqshylyghyna shyqqaly otyrghan kiprlikterding ýsh kemesin basyp alyp, Kairge oljaly oralady. 1425 jyly kóbirek kýsh jinap qyryq kememen jasaghan ekinshi joryghynda Limasol qamalyn talqandap, órtep ketedi. Tarihshy ibn Hajar әl-Asqalәniyding jazuynsha «búl soghysta, ainaldyrghan jarty aidyng ishinde, Kipr jaghy bes myngha juyq adamynan aiyrylsa, músylmandar jaghynan on ýsh adam opat boldy» [2, 348 b.]. Barysbay súltannyng әskeri myngha tarta kiprlikti tútqyndap, búl joly da Kairge ýlken oljamen oralady.

1426 jyly Barysbay súltan ýshinshi joryghyna dayyndyq jasap jýrgende, Kipr koroli Yanusting «ózge europalyq korolidikterge hat jazyp shaghymdanghany, Barysbay súltangha qarsy kómek súraghany, europalyqtardyng kómekke qosymsha kýsh jibergeni» [2, 366 b.] turaly habar jetedi. Ony estigen Barysbay súltan dayyndyghyn kýsheyte týsedi. Áskery kemening sanyn arttyrady. 1426 jyly Barysbay әskeri Kipr aralyna qaray 180 kememen ýshinshi ret betteydi. Ibn Hajardyng jazuy boyynsha «Barysbay әskeri Limasolgha jetkende, bir jyl búryn ózderi órtep ketken qamaldyng qalpyna keltirilgenin, әskery tehnikamen jabdyqtalghanyn bayqaydy. Músylman әskeri qamaldy qorshaugha alghan kezde, qamaldaghy europalyq әsker ýreylene qasha bastaydy. Shabuyldaghan Barysbay әskeri qamaldyng birinshi múnarasyn basyp aldy. Áskerding jәne bir bóligi kishigirim bir auyldy qorshap alghanda, auyl túrghyndary soghyssyz beriletinderin aitady. Auyl túrghyndarynan Yanus koroli turaly súraghanda, olar onyng bes myng atty әskermen jәne jeti myng jayau әskermen soghysugha saqaday say túrghanyn jetkizedi. Múny estigen músylmandar jaghy Yanuske hat jazyp, basy aman qalsyn dese jәne әskerin, elin aman alyp qalghysy kelse, soghyssyz beriluin, olay etpegen jaghdayda ayausyz oiran salyp, sarayyna basa kóktep kiretinin, óltirgenin óltirip, óltirmegenin tútqyndap әketetinin jetkizedi. Búl habardy jetkizgen músylman elshisin Yanus koroli óltirip, órtep jiberedi. Ony estigen músylmandar eki topqa bólinip, biri tenizden, ekinshisi qúrlyqtan soqqy beruge dayyndalady» [2, 368 b.]. Barysbay әskeri Limasol qamalyn talqandaghan kezde, Yanus koroli de әskerimen jetedi. Eki jaq arasynda keskilesken shayqas bolady. Búl soghysta Barysbay әskeri sany azdyghyna qaramastan jeniske jetip, Yanus korolidi tútqyngha týsiredi. Nikosiya qalasyn baghyndyryp, Kipr araly tolyghymen sherkeshterding qolyna ótedi. Barysbay әskeri Yanus korolige qosa 3700 tútqynmen Kairge oralady. 1426 jyly 14 tamyzda Kair kóshelerinde jenispen oralghandardyng qúrmetine úzyn-sonar saltanatty sheru ótedi. Sheru artynda 3700 tútqynmen birge qoly kisendeuli koroli Yanus pen onyng әmirleri de jýrip bara jatty.

Tútqyngha týsken Yanus koroli kópshilikting aldynda Barysbay súltannyng ayaghyna jyghylyp, jer sýiip, rahymshylyq jasap bosatuyn súrap jalbarynady. Osylaysha Kipr araly Osman imperiyasyna deyin bir ghasyrgha juyq tolyghymen mәmlýk-qypshaqtardyng (sherkeshterdin) qol astynda boldy. Yaghny 1426 jyldan 1517 jylgha deyin sherkeshterge jan amandyghy ýshin jyl sayyn salyq tólep túrdy.

A.Baytúrsynúly atyndaghy Til bilimi institutynyng diyrektory Erden Qajybek ózining Feysbuk әleumettik paraqshasynda osy jyldyng 8 qantarynda: «Kipr týrikterining tili qazaq tiline óte jaqyn. Olar "geliyorum" demeydi - "kelemin" deydi», – degen bolatyn. Kipr týrikterining keybir dialektisi qazirgi qazaq tiline jaqyn boluy Kiprdi baghyndyrghan sherkesh Barysbay súltan әskerinin, yaghny sherkeshterding әserinen bolsa kerek.

Ádebiyetter:

1. Saghid Ashur. Ál-Haraka әs-Salibiya. II tom. Mәktәba әl-Anjlu әl-Mysriya. – 2010 m.
2. Ibn Hajar әl-Asqalәni. Inbә әl-Ghumr by Ábnә әl-Umr. III tom (853 h).

Qaldybay Arystanbekúly, Ál-Faraby atyndaghy QazÚU Shyghystanu fakuliteti Tayau Shyghys jәne Ontýstik Aziya kafedrasynyng dosenti m.a.

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