Memlekettik syilyqqa úsynylyp otyrghan «Semser jýzindegi sert» roman-trilogiyanyng ýshinshi kitaby «Ruh» dep atalady...

Basy: Kesek tuyndynyng keskini

Jalghasy: Azattyqqa aparar azapty jol

Trilogiyanyng songhy kitabyndaghy negizgi oy jelisi ekinshi tomnyng ayaghynda Kenesarynyng auzymen aitylady. Maytóbedegi sheshushi shayqas aldynda ólmey berispeytinin sezip, han júbayy Janylgha: «Japar men Tayshyq erjetti. Senderge bas-kóz bolar. Men olay-búlay bolyp ketsem Nauryzbay handyqqa ie bolyp, tizgindi qolyna alsa, senderdi jeke otau etip ústap otyrar. Syzdyqty erekshe kýt. Betinen qaqpa. Mening isimdi jalghastyrar sol bolar. Kýnimjan bәibisheni tyndap, ajyramandar, birge bolyndar. Alla joldaryndy ongharsyn. Hosh-sau bolyndar!» deydi. Búl otbasymen ajyrardaghy qoshtasuy әri әrbir shanyraq mýshesine jýktegen mindeti edi. Al, ólim aldynda, ajalmen betpe-bet kelip túrghan han Kene aqyrghy sózinde: «Janymdy auyrtpay, basymdy qolynyng daghdysy bar bireu dәti jetse óz qylyshymmen shapsyn. Biraq sender astymdaghy atymnan, qoynymdaghy qatynnan, aldymdaghy asymnan, moynymdaghy basymnan aiyrsandar da, boyymdaghy qazaq degen ruhtan aiyra almaysyndar! Qylsha moynym semserding jýzinde túrghanda sert etem, oryndalmaghan armanym – úrpaghyma amanat! Solar ruhymdy qayta tiriltedi, basqynshylyqqa qarsy kýresimdi qayta jalghastyrady! Qazaqty osal júrt demender, jauyn almay qoymaydy! Han Kene qúlasa da, qazaqtyng tuy jyghylmaydy! Qazaq týbi tәuelsizdigin alady!» deydi. Búl – aqyrettik amanat sózi edi.

Osydan arada tórt jyl ótkende Syzdyq qol bastap, auylyna qater ýiirgen qoqan әskerine qarsy attanady. Qanaghatsha degen pansatbasshysyn nayzamen týirep attan audaryp, qan maydanda opat bolghan ózining tu ústaushysyn óngerip әketpek bolyp, er ýstinen jerge enkeygeninde tura alqymynan sýngi qadalady. Qadalady da әri tútamynan synyp ketedi, soydiyp-soydiyp aghash saptyng túqyly kórinip túrady. Birden esten airylyp, attan auyp jerge týsedi. Qoqandyqtar tútqyndap, Sozaqqa әkeledi. Uaqyt ozghan sayyn súltannyng hali mýshkil tartyp barady. Shәridegi ústanyng birin saymanymen aldyryp, eki iyghynan eki jigit basyp túryp, sýngini suyryp alady. Bozbala esinen tanyp ketedi. Jentek-jentek úiyghan qan aqtarylghan oqpanday ornyna maqta tyghyp, tanyp qoyady. Sóitip shalajansar qalpy Qúdiyar hannyng aldyna alyp barady. Qoqan hany әskerin әdeyi jiberip, niyeti – han әuletin әrtýrli ailamen ózine beyimdey týsu edi. Syzdyqty emdetip, kýtip, jazylghanda syi-syyapatymen at mingizip, beline qylysh baylap, Qanaghatshanyng ornyna pansatbasy degen sardarlyq dәreje beredi.

Kitaptyng birinshi betinen bastap, oqyrman shygharmanyng qym-quyt oqighalargha, atys-shabys, taqtalas pen baqtalasqa toly ekenin ә degennen úghady. Sondyqtan bolar, jazushy oqyrmanyn adastyrmay jәne shatastyrmay, tәptishtep, olardy jik-jigimen órbite bayandaugha barynsha tyrysady. Áriyne, romannyng basty taqyryby men ózegi – últ-azattyq qozghalysy. Osy orayda qalamgerding negizgi oi-maqsatyn dúrys tújyrymdaghan jón. Sol kezdegi qazaq dalasyndaghy qoqandyqtargha, ózbekterge, orystargha qarsy jasalghan kez kelgen dýrbelendi últ-azattyqqa, erkindik pen tәuelsizdikke úmtylys dep qabyldaghan oryndy. El aghalary bir rudyng nemese aimaqtyng bostandyghyn kóksegen joq. Bar qazaq dalasynyng azattyghyn armandaghan.

Romannyng ekinshi betindegi myna sózderge ýnilip, zerdelesek, sol kezdegi ahualdy anyq angharasyz. «Hannyng óler aldyndaghy eng songhy ósiyetin oryndap jәne Kenening balalarynyng ishindegi yqylasy erekshe aughan on jasar Syzdyqty Kýnimjan bәibisheden bastap qatyn-qalash, bala-shagha bastaryna jygha qylyp shanshyp, airyqsha qasterledi. Sondyqtan qarshaday úlgha tizgindi berip, bәri sonyng au-jayyna qarady. Biraq, әbden qasiret shekken el qarsaqsha jaltaqtap, qoyansha búghyp, Betpaqtyng shólinde, Jetiqonyrdyng jelinde jan saqtap, kýneltti» dep jazady.  Songhy sóilemin taghy bir oqyp shyqsan, sol kezdegi qazaqqa jasalghan әdiletsizdik pen basqynshylyq sening de zyghyrdanyndy qaynatady.

Syzdyq 14 jasynda atqa qonyp, qol bastaydy: qoqannyng bes jýz sypayyna pansatbasshy bolady. Býgingi tilmen aitqanda batalion komandiyri.  «Sol-aq eken, qazaq jigitteri aghylyp әsker sabyna kelip qosyldy. Olardyng arasynda Kenesary han әuletine qarasty rulardyng azamattary da boy kórsetti. Kóp úzamay Tayshyq pen Ahmet te sahara sardarlaryna ainaldy».

Tayshyq «kókiregi oyau, kónili sergek...» jan retinde suretteledi. Ol patsha biyligining Syr ónirine nazary týskenin o bastan bayqaghan. Ony Tashkentke ketip bara jatqan orys kópesimen ekeuara әngimede avtor jaqsy keltiredi. El kezgen bedekshi tek saudasyn ghana kýittegen kisi bolyp kóringisi kelgenin Tayshyq súltan birden angharady. «Patshagha sauda ghana kerek bolsa, nege eldi qyrghyngha úshyratady? – deydi de, tóre ary qaray oiyn bylaysha jalghastyrady, – Saudany damytu kerek dep otyrghanyn, sol arqyly mesheu qalghan dalalyqtardy kiriptarlyqqa týsirip, tespey sorudyng amaly emes pe?» Kópes onbay ústalghanyn seze qoyyp, azar da bezer bolyp, «Jo-oq, o ne degeniniz, súltan? Saudagerler patsha әskerinen alys jýredi. Olardyng búl jaqqa túmsyghyn súgha týsui, mening biluimshe, «ónirge aghylshyndardyng yqpaly búryn jýrip kete me?» dep qorqatyn synayly».

«A-a, aghylshyndardan búryn damymaghan mesheu ónirdi bauyryna basyp, qarpyp qalghysy kelgen eken ghoy».

Búnday dәl joramal estiymin dep oilamaghan saudager sasyp qalyp, Ýndistandy otar elge ainaldyryp, Pәkistannyng betin búryp, Aughanstangha kózi týsip otyrghan aghylshyndar «erik berse, Týrkistangha da tarpa bas sap, úmtylmaq. Sodan keyin ghoy orystar dala adamdaryn qauipten qorghap, ara týsuge kele jatyr» deydi beti býlk etpey.

«Oypyrym-ay, otardaghy qoydy syrttaghy qasqyrdan búryn baqtashy kóbirek jeytinin el bilmeydi deysing be?».

Tayshyq súltan kópespen orys tilinde pikirleskenin aita ketsek artyq emes shyghar. Sebebi han әuleti dúshpan júrttyng tilin bilu ýshin patshalyq esirey tútqyndaryn qoldarynda ústaytyn әri ózining bala kezinde Orynborda oqyghany bar.

Orysiya Syr ónirin bayaghyda-aq jaulap alar edi, oghan Kenesary hannyng qaharly aibyny men patsha basqynshylyghyna qarsy jýrgizgen jenilissiz shayqasy múrshalaryn keltirmedi. Rusyzdardy Ordan beri (Orsk qalasy) asyrmady. Esterinizde bolsa osy sәtsizdikterden keyin general-gubernator Perovskiy óz qyzmetinen ketken bolatyn. Sol eski «tanys» Vasiliy Alekseevich Perovskiy Orynbor men Samara guberniyalaryn biriktirgen son, atalghan guberniyanyng general-gubernatory bolyp, aragha segiz jyl salyp qayta oraldy. Orynbor guberniyasyn alghashqy basqarghan jyldary, onyng qazaq dalasyndaghy últ-azattyq kóterilisti órshitpeudin, Kenesary hanmen mәmilege keluding birden-bir joly beybit kelissózder jýrgizip, halyqty ózine qaratu sayasatyn ústanghan. Al, ekinshi ret general-gubernatorlyqqa taghayyndalghanda «songhy segiz jyl ishki Reseyde jýrgen kezinde onyng jabayylargha degen kózqarasy mýlde ózgerip ketken edi».  Endigi bar kóksegeni Syrdyng orta túsyna deyingi qazaq jerin kartagha týsirip, týbinde Aqmeshitti jaulap alu boldy. Osy maqsatty iske asyru ýshin birneshe josparlar qúryp, joryqqa dayyndaldy.

General-gubernator Perovskiy bir kenesinde qol astyndaghylargha naqty tapsyrmalar  berip túryp: «... Búl rette Aqmeshit bekinisine zor mәn berilui tiyis. Eger Aqmeshitke baryp toqtasaq, qaysaq júrtyn otarlau sayasatynda patshalyq әkimshilikke zor mýmkindikter tuady. Ol – Týrkisten elining (Ol kezde qazaq elining týstigi men Orta Aziya handyqtarynyng aumaghy Týrkistan dep atalghan) kindigi bolyp esepteledi. Orta Aziya handyqtaryna jaqynday týsemiz» – deydi. Alayda, olar qansha tyrashtanghanymen eki mәrte jasaghan shabuylynan týk ónbeydi, Syzdyq pen Tayshyq tarapynan jýrgizgen maydanda sәtsizdikke úshyraydy. Sondyqtan, qatarynan eki dýrkin auzy kýigen Perovskiy aqtyq joryqqa attanbas búryn, qazaqtardyng toytarysynan qorqyp, bir jylgha juyq tynghylyqty dayyndalady. Joryqty Perovskiyding ózi bastap shyghyp, ay jarym mezet jol jýrip, shildening basynda Aqmeshitting irgesine tayandy. Jalpy, búl maydangha gubernatordan bólek 1 general, 6 shtab ofiyseri, 34  ober-ofiyser, 16 sheneunik, 113 unter-ofiyser, 9 kerneyshi, 1561 qatardaghy jauynger, 424 saptan tys jauyngerler, myng atty kazaktar jәne segiz jýzge tarta erikti qazaqtar qatysty. Olargha qosymsha Syrdariya ózenining aghysymen «Perovskiy» atty keme men «Obruchev» barjasy birge ilese jýzip keldi. Barjagha qosymsha azyq-týlik, qaru-jaraq, oq-dәri tiyelgen. Bir rotaday tenizshiler de shabuylgha dayyn túrdy. 1853-shi jyly 8-shi shildede Aqmeshit bekinisine oq jaudyryla bastady. Soghys ýsh aptagha sozyldy. Bekinisti qorghaushylar erlik pen batyrlyqtyn, janqiyarlyqtyng tendessiz ýlgilerin kórsetip jatty. Osy kýnderi atys-shabystan әbden qajyghan general-gubernator ózining jaqyn dosy Bulgakov degenge jaghdayyn sipattap: «Shaghyn ghana bekinistegi shayqasymyz jarty aidan asty, qamaldy alatyn týrimiz joq. Ári, bekinistegi 300 adamdy óz erkimen beriluge mәjbýr ete alar emespiz» dep jazady.

Jazushy bekinistegi shayqasqa deyingi ómirdi Jaghypar imam, onyng әieli Qatsha jәne asyrap alghan qyzdary Darigha arqyly suretteydi. Beybit, tynysh jәne mamyrajay tirshilik keshken halyq. Eshkimge ziyany joq, kórshi-qolan, saudasy qyzyp, kýibeng tirligi ýirenshikti әdetpen tany atyp, kýni batyp jatqan qazaqy qalashyq.

Ókinishke oray, ýzdiksiz atys-shabystyng saldarynan Aqmeshitting hakimi Ábdiuәly oqqa úshady, sarbazdardyng qatary siyrep, oq-dәrileri tausylyp, qamal qúlaydy. Qala men qamaldy bermegen 74 qaharman qolgha týsip, tútqyndalady. Soghys qaynap jatqan kezdegi bekinisting ishindegi hal-ahual da osy ýsh keyipkerding basynan ótkenderi arqyly jazylady.

Orys imperiyasy «meyirman patshasynyn» jymysqy, zimiyan otarlau sayasatynyng týp maqsaty atalghan qiyamet-qayym soghystan tiri qalghan Darighanyn  jәne 74 qaharmannyn  taghdyrlary arqyly tasqa tanba basqanday aiqyndalady.

Resey patshasy tamyzdyng 31-inde general-gubernatorgha arnayy hat jazady. Ol hatynda: «Aqmeshit bekinisin imperiyagha qaratu isinde airyqsha qajyrlylyq pen tabandylyq kórsetkeni ýshin general-gubernator V.A. Perovskiyding qúrmetine búl bekinis «Perovskiy ailaghy» dep atalsyn» degen jarlyghy qosa jiberipti. (Perovski qalasy  1922-shi jyly Aqmeshit bolyp ózgertildi. 1925-shi jylghy shildeden Qyzyl-Orda atalyp keledi. Á.O.)

Alayda, Aqmeshitti patsha әskerleri basyp alsa da, soghys ayaqtalghan joq. Tashkenttegi jәne Hiua handyghynyng qarauyndaghy qazaqtar Aqmeshitti atjalmandargha talatyp qoyyp, qarap otyra almady. Syr elining bir bóligin iyeliginde ústaytyn Kenesarynyng úldary ýlken qayratkerlik tanytty. Osy orayda jazushy Syzdyq súltannyng azattyq jolyndaghy kýrestegi alar ornyn, onyng óz sózimen aishyqtaydy.

«– Tús-tústan antalaghan qansorghysh qandaladay eldi buyp, otarlyq ezgisine salghan sarqylshyq sýndetsizderding sazayyn tartqyzyp, halyqty basqynshy júrttyng qanauynan qútqaru kerek. –Taqymyndaghy Sandalkógin oinatyp, qalyng nópirding aldynda Syzdyq súltan almas qylyshyn sermey, ruh shaqyra sóiledi. – Olardyng otty qaruyna qaramastan halqymyzdyng tәuelsizdigin әperu ýshin, ensesin jatqa bastyrmau ýshin qazaqtyng atpal azamattary atqa qonyndar! Jaudan ólsek – sheyitpiz, óltirsek – qazy. Qúldyq qamytty moyyngha kiyip, tiri jýrgennen azap eshteme joq!».

Tóreler orysqa qarsy kýreske jeti myng jigitpen kelip qosyldy. Atalghan әskerding qolbasshysy Tayshyq, әri ol Sozaq bekinisining hakimi bolatyn. «Aqmeshit aimaghy alash balasy ýshin ýzdiksiz maydan dalasyna úlasyp bara jatty» dep týiindeydi avtor.

Jazushy maydan dalasyndaghy shayqastarmen qatar, Qoqan handyghyndaghy oqighalardy qosa bayandaydy. Óitkeni ontýstik ónir ol kezde qoqannyng yqpalynda edi. Kenesarynyng әuleti Qarataudy ainala Sozaqqa deyin mekendeydi. Ári úldary birer jyldar qoqan әskerining yqpaldy qolbasshylary bolghan. Álgi mezette impershil patsha basqynshylyghymen qatar Qoqan handyghyndaghy taqtalastyq qandy oqighalargha jalghasyp jatty.

Tóreler әuleti jan-jaqtan qyspaqqa úshyrap, «qaytsek elimizdi, qatyn-balany tajaldyng auzynan aman alyp qalamyz» degen saualgha dushar boldy. Sýiekti kisiler bas qosyp, orysqa elshilik jibermekke kelisti. Ol elshilikti jasy 24-25-ke kelgen hannyng kenje úly Jegey bastap barady. Jegey kelissózden oralyp, patsha biyligining tartu-taralghymen yqylasty qabyldaghanyn jetkizedi. Alayda orystyng qol astyna barugha týpkilikti sheshim qabyldanbaydy. Biraq, Syzdyq óz oiyn bildirip: «El-júrt týgel qalmay baryndar. Men әli de bolsa músylmannyng qylyshyn shauyp kóreyin, sender týgel barsandyr bir meni joqtay qoymas. ...Qoqan qolymen qosylyp, orysqa qarsy shabamyn» deydi. Sóitip, Syzdyq qasyna óz erkimen ilesken qyryq jigitti jәne qos júbayyn ertip, Týrkistandaghy qoqan әskerine qayyra baryp qosylady. Kenesarynyng ózge balalary әli de bayqastay túrudy jón kóredi.

Tәuekel men halqynyng múrat-maqsatyn bayraq etip kótergen Syzdyq súltan, eline tóngen bodandyqqa qarsy bes qaruyn asynyp, maydangha bel sheship kirisedi. «Úzynaghash shayqasyna» da at óksitip jetedi. Ol Tashkent qúshbegi Qanaghat shahtyng tapsyruymen Úzynaghashty ainalyp ótip, әbden mashyqtanghan azyn-aulaq qolmen Almatydaghy túrghyzylghan bekiniske shabuyl jasap, basyp alady. Kenesary úldary eki rotaday jaudy jer jastandyryp, birnesheuin tútqyndaydy. Qazannyng 20-synda bekinistegi tiri qalghandardyng barlyghyn «kazarmanyng manyndaghy alanqaygha otar qoyday iyiredi».  Solardyng aldynda Syzdyq súltan sóz sóileydi. Búl ashugha mingen yzaly adamnyng sózi emes. Basqynshylyqqa jәne otarshyldyqqa qarsy aitylghan naghyz pamflet dersiz! Onyng bәrin qaytadan qaghazgha týsiru mýmkin bolmaghanymen myna bir kishigirim bóligin mysal retinde keltire keteyin. «Mening búghan deyingi ómirimning bәri ata-babalarymnyng qas jaularymen kezdesuge әzirlikpen ótti. Momyn halyqty qinap, ozbyrlyq tanytasyndar, týbi qatygezdikke úshyraysyndar! Shyraq – sóner aldynda týtindeydi. Orystyng artyndaghy shalasy, qazirding ózinde byqsy bastady. Alla bәrin bilushi, eki jýz jyl óter, ýsh jýz jyl óter, sary dalada sandalghan sarqylshyqtar osy saharada ólgeni ólip, ólmegeni jút aldyndaghy yqqan baqa-shayanday kelgen jaghyna qaytatyn bolady» – deydi Syzdyq súltan.

Romannyng ýshinshi bólimi orystardyng Úzynaghash boyyndaghy jenisimen jәne otarlau sayasatynyng ýdeuimen ayaqtalady. «Oryspen shayqastyng jalpy auanyn sýzgiden ótkizip, baghamdaghan Kenesary balalary ózara oilaryn ortagha saldy. Tayshyq súltan: «Qoqan әskeri Aqmeshit manynda jenilip edi, osy joly da orystardan tize býkti. Búl handyq endigi jerde ózin qorghay alatyn týri joq. Sondyqtan orys jaghyna shyghayyq» dedi.

Myna baylam Syzdyq súltangha únamady, biraq, qarsylyghyn ashyq aitpady. Tek, óz ústanymyn ghana anghartty.

– Ata-babamyz ústaghan joldan tayyp, orys jaghyna shyqpaymyn! Olar Qoqandy alsa, Búhargha baramyn. Eger Búhardy alsa, basqa da memleketter bar ghoy, kez-kelgen bir músylman eline ótemin. Qalayda ata-baba jolynan aumaymyn! Mening baghytym – basqa. Ata-babam men bauyrlarymnyn, halqymnyng kegin quyp kóremin... ózgelering aralaspandar» – deydi.

Tayshyq eldi saqtap qaludyng birden-bir amaly orys jaghyna ótudi úigharady. Búl tústa Perovskiy óz ótinishimen general-gubernatorlyqtan bosap, onyng ornyna Katenin degen general-adiutant taghayyndalady. Jana gubernator saqtyq jasap, belsendi әskery qimyldargha barmay, әleumettik mәselelerdi sheshumen shúghyldandy. Shekara aimaghyndaghy júmystardy jandandyrugha mәn berip, oghan búqaramen shayqas tәsilin mengergen adamdy layyq kórdi. Syrdariya әskery shebining bastyghy bolyp, taulyqtarmen shayqasyp tәjiriybe jinaghan general-leytenant Debu taghayyndalghan edi.

Han әuletining úigharymyna Syrdariya әskery shebining basshysy general-leytenant Debu esi shygha quandy. Tayshyqqa zauryad-horunjiy ober-ofiyserlik shen berip, qazaqqa qarsy salady. Patshalyq imperiya biyligine qarau jónindegi nasihat el arasynda týsinbeushilik tudyrady. Aqyry oqigha tórening qazasymen jalghasady. Tayshyq Telqojanyng qylyshynan jan keshedi. Syzdyq aghasy Tayshyqty óz qolymen Qyzylkólge jetkizip, jer qoynyna tapsyrdy. Osynda ol qartayyp qalghan qos anasyna (Kýnimjan jәne Janyl) jolyghyp, qayghy-sherding qasiretine kómilgen keypin kórgende qabyrghasy qayysady.

Tayshyq aghasynyng ólimine tikeley sebepker bolghan patsha biyligining basty ókili Debudi Syzdyq Jólek bekinisining basynda atyp óltiredi. Súltan ony bekinis manyndaghy qamystyng arasynda eki tәulik boyy jasyrynyp jatyp, aqyry, alystan qalpaqtay týsiredi. «Generaldyng ajal qúshuy – myng soldatty qyryp salghanmen ten» degen emes pe?

Strategiyalyq jospargha ainalghan basqynshylyq bәribir tiylmaydy. Orynbordan arnayy tapsyrmamen shyqqan polkovnik Verevkin bastaghan qol Perovski ailaghynan attanyp, beyqam jatqan qazaq dalasyna zenbiregin sýiretip jetedi. Endigi oilary, Túran júrtynyng jýregine ainalghan Týrkistan mediynesin alu. Kóp úzamay Týrkistangha talasqan shayqas bastalady. Alayda, Syzdyq súltan Týrkistan bekinisining basshylyghymen bir pikirge kele almaydy, oghan qosymsha qala túrghyndarynyng arasynda opasyz, satqyndar da bolghan. Sondaydyng biri Jantay esimdi qariya tangha juyq Týrkistannyng tórt qaqpasyn jaugha ashyp beredi.

Osy arada qoqan handyghynda da qym-quyt oqighalar oryn alyp jatqan edi. Qoqan handyghy men Búqar әmirligining arasyndaghy kóneden kele jatqan óshpendilik pen dau órbip, otarshyl orys biyligi osy qolayly jaghdaydy qúr jibermey Qoqan handyghyn ekige bóludi maqsat etedi. Búqar әmiri Múzaffargha Qoqannyng ontýstigin iyemdenuge Chernyaev astyrtyn adamy arqyly kelisimin beredi. Áriyne, búl aldamshy uәde edi. Bir qyzyghy, handyqtar men biylikter arasyndaghy kez-kelgen teketires pen atys-shabys sonynda Syzdyq súltangha kelip tireledi de, oghan deyin bolghan oqighalar Syzdyq súltannyng kólenkesinde qalyp qoyady.

Osy aralyqta Syzdyq súltan óz jasaghymen Shym shәrine (Shymkent) jetip, ayaldaydy. Birer kýnnen song Qoqan handyghynyng atalyghy әri әmirlәshkeri Álimqúl molda Shym shaharyna orysqa qarsy qol bastap keledi. Syzdyqty kórgennen atalyq ishtartyp, múrtynan jymiyady. Ol kezde Syzdyq súltannyng general-leytenant Debudy atyp óltirgeni elge mәlim bolyp, ataghy jer jaryp túrady. Sondyqtan atalyq ony qoqan әskerining «mynbasy» etip taghayyndaydy.

Búghan ile-shala Týrkistannan polkovnik Verevkinning de jasaghy Shymkentke jetip, Álimqúl moldanyng qoly orystarmen soghysty bastap ketken edi. Ekinshi kýni basqynshylardy búqtyryp, jandy alqymnan alghanda Ombydan attanghan aq patsha polkovniygi Chernyavting «auyr zenbirekter sýiretken, ishteser vintovka asynghan úbaq-shúbaq otryady» ýstilerine týsti. Bel alyp ketken orystar qazaqtardy taghy tyqsyrdy. Aqyry patsha әskeri Shymkentke bes shaqyrymday jerge kelip toqtaydy.

Búl jerde de Shym qalany qorghaushylar ekige bólinedi: bir jaq qalany ólispey berispeymiz dese, ekinshi jaghy orystarmen kelisimge keleyik degen úsynys jasaydy. Basqynshylardyng da osynday mәmilegerlikke niyeti bar eken, ol polkovnikten kelip týsken hat arqyly mәlim bolady da, aqyrynda Chernyavpen kelissózder jýrgizu Syzdyq súltangha jýkteledi. Syzdyq súltan basqynshy orystyng kópti kórgen polkovniygimen iyq tirestirip, teng dәrejede pikir alysty. Polkovnik súltandy syrttay biledi eken. Úzynaghashty ainalyp baryp Almatyny basyp alghanyna, eki rota soldatty qyryp ketkenine basyn shayqady. Osy jerde Chernyaevting Syzdyq súltannyng qolbasshylyq qabiletine qatysty aitqan sózine súltan bylay dep jauap beredi: «El seniki, jer seniki bolghan son, ajaldan qaymyqpaysyn. Jýrektilerden ajal ainalyp ótedi» – dep jauap beredi.

Oqyrmandy kelesi bir bey-jay qaldyrmaytyn sujet – Chernyaevting otryadyndaghy tilmәsh bolyp jýrgen Shoqan Uәlihanov pen Batyrbek datqanyng kezdesui. Búl jay ghana jýzdesu bolmady, búl tarihy bettesu boldy. Olar ózderining kózqarasyn, tanymyn, maqsatyn syngha, tarazygha saldy. Mәsele, kimning biyik, kimning tómen boluynda emes. Ángime, ashy shyndyq pen ayausyz aqiqatta. Áriyne, ekeui talay әngimening qazanyn qaynatty. Solardyng toqeterine keletin bolsaq, ol Batyrbek datqanyng Shoqandy shygharyp salghandaghy aitqan myna sózinde jatyr-au deymin. «Júmaqtyng kilti – Allanyng qolynda. Alla ata-babasyn izdegenderdi sýiedi. Qansha asyp-tasyp ketseng de Qúdayyndy, qazaghyndy úmytpa» deydi Batyrbek datqa. Datqa nege osynshama qatty ketti deysiz ghoy? Onyng syry – Áulieatanyng qan keshkenin datqa kóz aldynan ótkergen edi. Batyrbek datqa Shoqannan: «Sen bauyryng Syzdyq súltandy kórmegen shygharsyn?» dep súraydy. «Joq» dep jauap beredi Shoqan. Batyrbek: «Kezdesuing kerek. Ol – qazaq ýshin jaralghan jigit, tamasha azamat. Batyr, qolbasshy, halqyna qayyrymdy. Syzdyqtan bólek Ahmetpen sóiles. Olarmen ghana emes, han әuletin izdip baryp bir kýn bauyrlarynnyng ortasynda qonaq bolyp syrlassan, ómirge basqasha renmen qaraytyn bolasyn. ...Ar jaghynda babang Abylay han jatyr. Áziret súltangha baryp, minәjat et, babannyng basyna qúran oqy» deydi. Jazushy «Múhammed-Qanafiyanyng jýregi shym etti» dep qorytyndylaydy osy әngimening sonyn.

Orystardyng Shymkentti «azat» etudi kózdegen shayqasy onay-ospaq bolghan joq. Olardyng basyp kiruine halyq taban tirese qarsylyq tanytty. Shymkent ýshin shayqas ayaqtalghan song polkovnik Chernyaev soghys ministrine mynaday bayanhat joldady. Onyng sonynda: «Batyrbek datqa jóninde barlyq aqparatty zamandastary Bayzaq, Shoqay, Sapaqtardan bilip alghan son, ekinshi ret ol kisini ózime taghy da shaqyrtyp sóilestim. Birinshi kezdesuimizde әngimege rotmistr Sh. Uәlihanov qatysqan bolatyn. Ekinshi kezdesuimizde rotmistr qatysqan joq, ol ekspedisiyadan ketip qaldy. Rotmistrding ketuine, estuimshe, Batyrbek datqanyng tikeley qatysy bar. Sebebi, ekeui onasha kezdeskende, ol rotmistrdi «jatdindilerge kómektesip, óz halqyna qarsy soghysyp jýrsin» dep kinәlap, aiyptaghan kórinedi. Osylargha shydamaghan rotmistr Sh. Uәlihanov ekspedisiyadan ketti» dep jazylghan joldar bar.

Jalpy alghanda, roman-trilogiyanyng songhy onynshy tarauyna deyin tek soghystar, shayqastar turaly bayandalady. Chernyaev Tashkentti basyp alu ýshin bir jylda eki ret shabuyl jasaydy. Týrkistan, Qazaly manynda qiyan-keski soghys bolady.  Shardara tónireginde de orys basqynshylarymen qoyan-qoltyq atys-shabystar órbidi. Jyzaqtaghy, Búhardaghy, Núratadaghy, Qyshkópirdegi, Hiuadaghy soghys ta onaygha týspeydi. Songhy Qashghariyadaghy soghystar da joryqqa shyqqan jasaqtargha mol qiynshylyqtar әkeldi. Osy maydandardyng barlyghyna Syzdyq súltan ayanbay atsalysty. Bir shayqasta ol mynbasy, bir soghysta qolbasy-әmirlәshker, ýlken shayqasta bas qolbasylyq senip tapsyryldy. Ol óz mindetin minsiz atqardy. Ony júrt «sahara sardary» dese aq patsha bandylary «sahara baskeseri» dedi.

Syzdyq súltan birde-bir soghysta oisyray jenilgen joq, alayda, shegindi. Sheginu jenilis emes qoy. Syzdyq súltan ózi qatysqan soghystyng barlyghyna múqiyat jәne jan-jaqty dayyndaldy. Ol mindetti týrde jaudyng osal da úrymtal túsyn anyqtaugha tyrysty. Shayqastyng qaynaghan ortasynda ózi jýrdi. Jýrip qana qoyghan joq, qylysh ta siltedi, nayza da laqtyrdy. Sarbazdaryna ruh berdi, qoldady, zil batpandargha iyghyn tosty. Biraq, soghys pen shayqastyng barlyghynda adamnyng miyna kirip-shyqpaytyn satqyndyq pen opasyzdyqqa tap boldy. Mysaly, Hiua hany Múhammed Rahim II-shi onymen birge soghysugha kelisip, ózining bekteri basqarghan jasaq bóledi. Alayda, Hiua әskeri shayqastyng eng sheshushi shaghynda, jaudy yghystyra bastaghanda, ýn-týnsiz úrys dalasyn tastap ketip qalady. Opasyzdyqtyng soraqy týri! Osynday jaghday Qashghariyada da qaytalandy.

1874-shi jyly Syzdyq súltan Qashghariya hany Jaqypbekting tikeley bas qolbasshylyqqa shaqyruymen Ahal men Tekelerding elinen Aughanstan arqyly Shyghys Týrkistangha keledi. Ol Syzdyq súltandy: «Bizge siz siyaqty sardarlar kerek! Jetisharynyng bas qolbasshysy qyzmetine bekitemin» dep, qúrmet pen qoshemet kórsetti. Súltan birden maydan dalasyna attanyp, qalyng qoldyng ortasyna barady. Áskerding ahualymen tanysyp, Jetishәri aimaghyn entelegen qytaylardan tazartady. Syzdyq súltannyng Qashghardyng bas qolbasshysy bolyp taghayyndalghany turaly habar Reseyde de, Qytayda da naghyz ýrey tughyzdy. Olar Syzdyq basqarghan qolgha qarsy әreketter men amal-aylalar josparlap, jantalasyp jatty. Alayda, qytay tarabynan qarymta joryq shabuyldar bastalar aldynda Syzdyqtyng bedelinen, qolbasshylyq qabiletinen, daryny men qarqynynan qoryqqan Jaqypbek ony bas qolbasshylyqtan yghystyryp, shayqasqa qoldy ózi bastap barady. Soraqy opasyzdyqtyng taghy bir týri!

Áriyne, atalghan roman-trilogiyany oqyp shyghu onay emes. Myndaghan adamnyng aty atalady. Kóptegen auyl-aymaq, kólder men ózender, shaharlar sózge arqau bolady. Qantógis shayqastar, adam qazasy kóp bolghan soghystar, handyqtar men biylikterding ishindegi baqqa jәne taqqa talasyp, sonyng saldarynan birin-biri ayamay óltirip, bauyry men tuysyn qúrbandyqqa shalu, satqyndyqtar men opasyzdyqtardyng tizbegi, memleketterding qiytúrqy, aramza sayasy oiyndary oqyrmannyng jadynda saqtala bermeydi jәne shyny kerek, sharshatuy әbden mýmkin. Sondyqtan jazushy oqyrmannyng jýikesine salmaq týsirmeu ýshin onyng óte oryndy amalyn tapqan. Bes qaruyn asynyp, qylyshynan qan tamghan, jauyna qansha qatygez әri qaharly qolbasshy  bolghanymen, qar jastanyp, múz tósenip jýrse de Syzdyq súltan da et pen sýiekten jaralghan kәdimgi qarapayym adam. Oghan adamy quanysh, tuystyq meyirim, tughan jerge degen sýiispenshilik, bauyrmaldyq jәne tughan-tuystaryna degen ystyq yqylas jat emes. Osy sezimder ony erekshe eljiretedi, boyyna jylulyq qondyrady.

Búghan dәlel retinde roman-trilogiyanyng taraularynan birneshe mysal keltire keteyin. Jazushy roman-trilogiyanyng segizinshi bólimining I-shi tarauynda: «Túrannyng tastýlegi el qamy ýshin toqtausyz jortqan joryqtardan Shudyng saghasynda otyrghan qaraormannyng oryny – júrtyna oraldy. Sonadaydan kózine «han әuleti» dep atalatyn auyl ottay basyldy. Ano-ou oqshau túrghan segiz qanat aq orda Kýnimjan sheshesiniki, onyng qasynda әdettegidey әkesining «ereuil kenes-ýii» túr» dep jazady.

Jazushynyng myna joldary tipti әserli emes pe! «...Syzdyq kiyiz ýilerge qaray bettedi. Kózdep kele jatqany Kýnimjan sheshesining ordasy». Aldymen óz tughan anasyna barmay, әkesining ýlken júbayy Kýnimjannyng qúshaghyna tura tartyp kele jatyr. Áke tәrbiyesin, әkening aruaghyn qasterleuding tendessiz ýlgisi emes pe?! Ary qaray oqiyq kitaptaghy jazulardy: «Jaqsy janalyq qúlaghyna tiygen ýlken ýidegi anasy mәsisining syrtynan kebisin kiyip, syrtqa shyghyp ýlgerdi. «Oy, qúlynymdap» qúshaghyn ashyp, ózine bettedi. Múny kórgen Syzdyq túra jýgirdi. Kishkentay kezinen tughan analarynan góri osy Kýnimjan bәibishening tәrbiyesinde, ordanyng tónireginde kóbirek jýrip edi» delingen.

«– Balapanym-au, múnshama saghyndyryp, at izin salmay ketkening qalay? – Ishindegi bazynasyn da býrkey almay ana balasyn bauyryna basty. – Amansyng ba, qúlynym! – Betinen sýiip, mandayynan iyiskedi» – dep jalghasady.

«Al, qúlynym, Janyldyng da qaybir jany jýr deysin, baryp sheshenning mauqyn basyp kel. Kózine bir kórinsen, aspandaghy aidy alyp bergendey bolasyn».

Syzdyq súltannyng auylgha oralghanyn estip, jan-jaqtan amandasugha adamdar kele bastady. Solardyng biri bolyp Qarataudyng arghy betinen jiyrma jastaghy jalyndaghan Jambyl jetti. Shýu degennen sózderi jarasyp, erteden etene adamdarday sheshile sóilesti.

Osynday úzaqqa sozylghan әngime dýken barysynda Syzdyq súltan Jambylgha kópten beri kókeyinde jýrgen oiyn bylay dep jetkizedi: «Qyrghyzdaghy batyrlardyng qorymy jatqan jerge baryp, aruaqtargha baghyshtap mal shalghym keledi. Ákemning qabiri tabylsa, sýiegin elge әkelsem... Qoldy bolghan búiymdaryn qaytarsam deymin». Syzdyq súltan oiyndaghy armanyn iske asyryp, úly jýzding Sarybay biyin ertip, qyrghyz eline barady. Qyrghyz elindegi súltannyng uәji, júrtpen jýzdesuleri, Kenesary men Nauryzbay turaly qyrghyz halqynyng estelikteri jan sýiindiredi. Aq qalpaqty aghayyn Syzdyqtyng jolyna bir aqbozdy shalyp, iyghyna shekpen jauyp, basyna bórik kiygizip, aq batasymen shygharyp salady. Ákesi Kenesarynyng erin jәne jýzigin Kýnimjan sheshesine әkelip beredi.

Aytpaqshy, roman-trilogiyanyng toghyzynshy bólimining IV-shi tarauynyng 459-shy betinde «Jezdesi Mәdeliqoja da erding eri: bir jaghy – aqyn, bir jaghy – batyr. Naghyz iske mәttaqam» degen joldar bar. Demek, әngime qojalar turaly bolmaq. Atalghan tarauda qojalardyng han әuletimen qúda boluynyng jayy qysqa týrde bayandalady. Onyng tarihy aryda, terende jatyr eken. «Abylay hannyng bir әieli – Sarghaldaq qojanyng qaryndasy da, ýlken úly Uәliyding әieli Ayghanym – qyzy. Búlar – әbiybi qojalar edi» degen joldar bar. Jogharyda sóz bolghan Mәdeliqoja segiz jyl boyy sonynan qalmay jýrip, Qasymnyng úly Esenkeldining kishi qyzy Halipagha ýilenedi. Qojalar elindegi han әuletinen shyqqan «qiqar» qyzdyng erkeligi de tartymdy surettelgen.Taghy bir qyzyq derek keltiriledi. «Ámir Temir jarlyghymen Qoja Ahmet Yasauiyding kesenesine arnayy jeti týrli metaldan qúiylghan kiyeli tayqazan kim-kimge de qymbat búiym. Eskining kózi, әri-beriden keyin qazaq júrtynyng yrys-nesibesi sonda túrghanday. Sonda da bolsa qoqan biyligi alyp ketuge bekindi» degen joldar bar. Mine, osy tayqazandy bermey, qazaqtyng iyeliginde qaldyrugha arnalghan bas kóterude Mәdeli qoja jәne qúlshyghash Jamanqara qol bastap, qoqandyqtargha qarsy shyghyp, tayqazandy alyp qalady.

Roman-trilogiyanyng ýshinshi tomyn oqyp otyryp, oqyrmannyng oigha shomary anyq. «Uaqyttyng iyleuinen temir de tozady, jel men dauyldan tau-tas ta ýgitiledi, eki adamnyng qúshaghyna syimaytyn qaraghay da qúlaydy. Al, Syzdyq súltannyng tóziminin, shydamynyng shegi bar ma? Osynshama atys-shabysty, soghys-shayqasty, opasyzdyqty, satqyndyqty basynan keshti. Nege qayyspaydy? Nege týnilmeydi? Onyng qaysarlyghynyng qaynar kózi qayda? Keudesin sauyttan bosatyp, attan týsip, jat jerden eline nege qaytpaydy? Nege tynysh úiyqtamaydy?» degen saualdar keletinine dau joq. Osynday saualdardyng bolatynyn jazushy da sezedi. Kitaptyng onynshy bólimi osy súraqtargha týbegeyli jauap beredi.

Syzdyq súltan Qashqarda oryn alghan songhy bir shayqasta qolynan jaralandy. Sondaghy Syzdyq súltannyng myna sózderi oqyrmandy bey-jay qaldyrmaydy. «Men qanshama jyl orys patshasyna qarsy soghysyp kelemin. Orystarmen shayqasu ýshin әrtýrli elderde boldym. Talay mәrte jeniske jettim, talay generaldardyng ayaghyn kókten keltirdim. Biraq barlyq jerde tabansyzdyq pen satqyndyqtan týpkilikti tabysqa jete almadym. Endi mine, qolym jaralanyp, әlsiregen haldemin. Jaraly kókjal – ashynghan kókjal. Ashynghan arlan ajaldan tayynbaydy. Esh mannan әdildikke, adaldyqqa, aqiqatqa qiyanatyn tiygizbeytin hauipsiz jer taba almadym. Resey – ayar da qu әri quatty memleket. «IYilgen basty qylysh kespeydi» degen atalar sózine jýginip, aqyrynda, orystyng yqpalynda qalghan tughan jerime ótuge mәjbýr bolyp otyrmyn. Óltirse – óltirsin, sýiegim tughan jerde qalar. Bәlkim, orys mening kinәmdi kesher, biraq men keshirim súramaymyn. Men elge baryp ornyghyp, Ahmet súltan jәne ózge de bauyrlarymmen birge ómir keshemin. Basqa amal da, jol da joq. Endi alda qúdaydyng basqa salghanyn kóremin» deydi.

Syzdyq súltannyng 14 jyldan song 42 jasynda elge oraluy jaqsy bayandalghan. Elge oralyp, bauyry Ahmetpen kezdesu sәti asa bir jylylyqpen surettelip, túla-boyyndy eritip jibergendey bolady.

Kenesary hannyng óler aldynda aitylghan «Qylsha moynym semserding jýzinde túrghanda sert etem, oryndalmaghan armanym – úrpaghyma amanat! Solar ruhymdy qayta tiriltedi, basqynshylyqqa qarsy kýresimdi qayta jalghastyrady!» degeni – sóz kýiinde qalmady. Onyng óreli isin úrpaghy jalghastyrdy, halqy qoldady. Kezinde kózqarasy ýilespegeni ýshin auylyn shauyp, úly Altynsaryny óltirgen Balghoja biyding nemeresi Ybyray últyn, elin sýigen úlandardy tәrbiyelep shyghardy. Ol әkesin ajalgha baylasa da jasyryn týrde Kenesary hannyng asyl múratyn, elining tәuelsiz derbes júrt bolghanyn úghyndyra aldy. Alash qayratkerleri asyqtay kezinen Altynsarinning aldyn kórgen azamattar edi. Keyin kemeline engen kenes uaqytynda sarayy ashyq úlandardyng kókeyinde búratanalyqtan tútanghan namystyng shoghy alau bolyp janyp jatty. Sol alau әrbir jastyng sanasyna erkindikting úshqynyn taratty. Aqyry jarty әlemdi qúrsaulaghan proletariat diktaturasyn tas-talqan etken 1986-shy jyl tudy. Ne bary 17 jastaghy qarshaday Lәzzat Asanova qyzyl imperiyanyng qyzylkóz jendetining aldynda «Qazaqtar! Kiriptarlyq qúldyqta ómir sýrgenimiz jetedi! Biz elimizding tәuelsizdigin jenip alghan kezde ghana azat bola alamyz!» degendi úrandatyp aita aldy.

Sot aldynda Qayrat Rysqúlbekov:

... – Kýnәdan taza basym bar,

Jiyrma birde jasym bar,

Qasqaldaqtay qanym bar,

Boztorghayday janym bar,

Alam desen, alyndar!

Qayrat degen atym bar,

Qazaq degen zatym bar.

«Erkek toqty – qúrbandyq»,

Atam desen, atyndar! – dedi tayynbay.

Arada bes jyl ótkende temir shynjyrgha tanylghan 15 respublika búghauyn búzdy. Qazaqtyng songhy hany úrpaghyna amanat etken Azattyq saltanat qúrdy.  «Qazaqty osal júrt demender, jauyn almay qoymaydy! Han Kene qúlasa da, qazaqtyng tuy jyghylmaydy! Qazaq týbi tәuelsizdigin alady!» degeni aqiqatqa ainaldy. 1991-shi jyly qazaq dalasynda ýsh ghasyrdan song Tәuelsizdik ornady.

Romannyng «Ruh» ataluy da azattyqty ansaghan ata-baba ruhynyng ólmeytinin, týpting týbinde tau qoparyp, jerdi jaryp shyghatynyn naqty aighaqtaghan.

Qazaq ýshin, qazaqtyng azattyghy men tәuelsizdigi ýshin qasyq qany qalghansha, jan alysyp, jan berisip, talay jaudyng omyrtqasyn opyrghan, atyn estise jauyz elderding patshalary shoshyp oyanghan Syzdyq súltan turaly býtindey bir roman osylay ayaqtalady. Bir qyzyghy ol ómirden ozghan 1910-shy jyly ekinshi dýniyejýzilik soghysta aty anyzgha ainalghan diviziya komandiyri Bauyrjan Momyshúly ómirge kelgen edi...

Ekinshi bir ózim ýshin janalyq – «búratana» degen sózdi biletin edik, sóitsek onyng el arasynda «búratara» dep qoldanylatyn qarama-qarsy maghynadaghy antonim sózi bar eken. «Búratana» ezilushi el bolsa, «búratara» ezushi ýstem el, «búratana» – bodan júrt bolsa, «búratara» – basqynshy júrt degen mәn beredi eken.

«Semser jýzindegi sert» roman-trilogiyasy – Azattyqtyng aq tuyn aspandatqan tól әdebiyetimizding últtyq shygharmasy dep aitugha әbden layyq tuyndy. Sonday-aq, onyng memlekettik syilyqqa úsynyluyn qyzu qoldaymyz. Elimizding eng jogharghy marapaty dәl osynday halyqtyq tarihymyzdy aqiqatpen jazghan asqaq ruqty shygharmagha berilui tiyis.

Álihan Omarbekov,

otstavkidegi polisiya polkovniygi

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