Qazaqta «Qayyq su betinde túrsa da, taghdyry eskekke baylanysty» degen sóz bar. Býgingi Qazaqstan ekonomikasynyng hәli de dәl sonday: syrttay qaraghanda makroekonomikalyq kórsetkishter bar, sonymen qatar, budjet tolyp túrghanday kórinedi, biraq el ishindegi әleumettik ahual, óndiris quaty men halyqtyng túrmysy búl kóriniske say emes. Demek, problema tek syrtqy faktorlarda emes, eng aldymen ózimizding ekonomikalyq basqaru jýiemizde, tandaghan jolymyzda jatyr.

Qazaqstan tәuelsizdik alghannan beri ekonomikasyn negizinen múnay, gaz, uran jәne metaldargha sýiep keldi. Búl modeli bastapqy kezende aitarlyqtay nәtiyje berdi jәne budjet toldy, infraqúrylym salyndy, әleumettik tólemder artty. Alayda, uaqyt óte kele shiykizatqa tәueldilik eldi damytudyng emes, tyghyryqqa tireluding basty sebebine ainaldy.

Álemdik naryqta múnay baghasy qúldyrasa – budjet qysqarady, tenge әlsireydi, halyqtyng tabysy tómendeydi. Biz әli kýnge deyin ózimizding ekonomikalyq taghdyrymyzdy London men Niu-Yorktegi birjalargha baylap qoyghan elmiz. Búl – ekonomikalyq egemendikke qayshy jaghday.

                                Óndeu ónerkәsibining әlsizdigi

Ekonomika tek qazba baylyqty satumen damymaydy. Damyghan elderding barlyghy qosylghan qúny joghary ónim óndiruge kóshken. Al, Qazaqstanda óndeu ónerkәsibi jalpy ishki ónimning kishigirim ghana bóligin qúraydy. Biz múnaydy shiyki kýiinde eksporttaymyz, astyqty da kóbine tereng óndeusiz syrtqa shygharamyz. Sonyng saldarynan jana tehnologiya damymaydy, túraqty júmys oryndary ashylmaydy, jastar ghylym men óndiristen emes, sauda men qyzmet kórsetu salasynan nәpaqa izdeydi. Búl úzaq merzimdi ekonomikalyq damugha qauip tóndiretin ýrdis.

Memlekettik basqarudaghy tiyimsizdik

Ekonomikanyng tyghyryqqa tireluining taghy bir sebebi – basqaru sapasynyng tómendigi. Qaghaz jýzinde baghdarlamalar kóp: industriyalandyru, sifrlandyru, importty almastyru. Biraq olardyng kóp bóligi naqty nәtiyje bermey, esep ýshin jasalghan jobalar bolyp qaldy.

Bir problemany әr ministrlik әrtýrli týsinedi, jauapkershilik shashyranqy, al naqty nәtiyje súralatyn jýie әlsiz. Jauapsyzdyq pen formalizm ekonomikany ilgeri bastyrmaydy. Qarapayym kәsipker ýshin ereje kóp, talap auyr, al qoldau tetikteri kýrdeli әri qoljetimsiz.

Qazaqstan ekonomikasynda kvaziymemlekettik sektordyng ýlesi óte joghary. Últtyq kompaniyalar men olardyng enshiles úiymdary naryqtyng ýlken jaghyn baqylauda ústap otyr. Búl jeke biznesting damuyna kedergi keltiredi. Memleket ózi kәsipker bolyp ketken jerde bәseke әlsireydi, tiyimdilik tómendeydi, sybaylas jemqorlyq qaupi artady. Shaghyn jәne orta biznes ekonomika tiregi boluy kerek desek te, is jýzinde ol iri qúrylymdardyng kólenkesinde qalyp otyr.

Áleumettik tensizdik pen ishki súranystyng әlsireui

Ekonomika halyq ýshin júmys isteui tiyis. Biraq Qazaqstanda tabys tensizdigi jyldan-jylgha artyp keledi. Bay men kedeyding arasy alshaqtaghan sayyn ishki naryq әlsireydi. Sebebi halyqtyng kóp bóligi kýnkóris qamymen ghana ómir sýrse, ekonomikanyng ósui mýmkin emes.

Ishki súranys – kez kelgen el ekonomikasynyng qozghaltqyshy. Al halyqta aqsha bolmasa, óndiris te damymaydy, biznes te keneymeydi. Búl – túiyq shenber.

Ekonomikanyng tyghyryqqa tireluining eng qauipti túsy – bilim men ghylymnyng naqty óndiristen alshaqtauy. Uniyversiytetterde myndaghan maman dayyndalady, biraq olardyng bilimi naryq talabyna say kele bermeydi. Ghylymy zertteuler kóbine esep ýshin jasalady, naqty ónimge ainalmaydy.

Al damyghan elderde ekonomika men ghylym ózara tolyqtyryp túrady. Elimizde osy baylanys óte әlsiz.

Áriyne, әlemdik daghdarystar, geosayasy túraqsyzdyq, sanksiyalar Qazaqstan ekonomikasyna әser etpey qoymaydy. Degenmen, barlyq problemany syrtqy kýshterge jabu – jauapkershilikten qashu. Negizgi problema – ishki qúrylymnyng әlsizdiginde.

Ekonomikamyz daghdarysqa mýlde dayyn emes, sebebi ol әrtaraptandyrylmaghan, iykemsiz jәne burokratiyagha túnshyqqan.

Tyghyryqtan shyghudyng joly bar. Alayda, ol batyl әri jýieli sheshimderdi talap etedi: shiykizatqa tәueldilikten naqty bas tartu, óndeu ónerkәsibin shyn mәninde damytu, shaghyn jәne orta biznesti qorghau, memlekettik apparattyng jauapkershiligin kýsheytu, bilim, ghylym jәne óndiristi bir arnagha toghystyru.

Eng negizgisi – ekonomikalyq sayasat halyqtyng әl-auqatyn arttyrugha baghyttaluy tiyis. Sebebi ekonomika sifrlar ýshin emes, adam ýshin júmys isteui kerek.

Qazaqstan ekonomikasy tyghyryqqa kezdeysoq tirelgen joq. Búl – jyldar boyy jinalghan qúrylymdyq qatelikterdin, jartylay sheshimderding jәne batyl reformalardyng jetispeuining nәtiyjesi. Eger biz osyny moyyndap, shynayy ózgeristerge barmasaq, kezekti «baghdarlama» men «jol kartasy» jaghdaydy ózgertpeydi.

Al, eger el bolashaghyn shynymen oilasaq, ekonomikany tek baylyq tiregi demey, últtyq qauipsizdik pen túraqtylyqtyng negizi retinde qarauymyz kerek. Sonda ghana tyghyryqtan shyghatyn jol tabylady.

Beysenghazy Úlyqbek,

Qazaqstan Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi

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