Elimiz ýshin tarihy manyzy bar sәtterding biri – Konstitusiyagha qatysty jalpyhalyqtyq referendum. Búl jay ghana sayasy nauqan emes, memleketting ertenine, qogham men biylik arasyndaghy baylanystyng jana sipatyna әser etetin manyzdy sheshim. Óitkeni Konstitusiya – elding basty zany ghana emes, halyqtyng ómir sýru qaghidattaryn, biylik tarmaqtarynyng ózara baylanysyn, azamat pen memleket arasyndaghy jauapkershilikti aiqyndaytyn negizgi qújat.

Osy túrghydan alghanda, jana Konstitusiyany jalpyhalyqtyq dauysqa salu – elding sayasy mәdeniyetining óskenin, qogham pikirine basymdyq berilip otyrghanyn kórsetedi. Búl turaly belgili ghalym, akademiyk, Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydenti janyndaghy Últtyq ghylym akademiyasynyng viyse-preziydenti Asqar Júmadildaev ta erekshe atap ótti.

Onyng aituynsha, Qazaqstan dәl qazir óz damuynyng manyzdy bir kezeninen ótip jatyr. El aldynda túrghan ózgeristerding ishinde jana Konstitusiyanyng orny airyqsha. Akademik jana Konstitusiyanyng Qazaqstannyng qarqyndy damuyna ýlken serpin beretinine senimdi ekenin aitty. Onyng pikirinshe, búl qújatta halyq pen biylikting arasyndaghy baylanysty nyghaytatyn, qogham súranysyna jauap beretin manyzdy tetikter qarastyrylyp otyr.

Asqar Júmadildaev referendumdy halyq pikirin biluding eng joghary formasy dep baghalaydy. Rasynda da, referendumnyng basty ereksheligi – halyqtyng óz tandauyn eshqanday deldalsyz, tikeley bildirui. Múnda azamat pen memleketting arasyndaghy baylanys aiqyn kórinedi. Búl – ókil arqyly emes, tikeley dauys arqyly sheshim qabyldau mәdeniyeti. Múnday tәsil demokratiyalyq jýiening eng manyzdy belgilerining biri sanalady.

«Referendum degen – halyqtyng pikirin biluding eng jogharghy shyny. Óitkeni halyq múnda tikeley dauys beredi, eshqanday deldalsyz», – deydi akademiyk.

Shynynda da, el taghdyryna qatysty iri sheshimder dәl osynday jalpyhalyqtyq dengeyde talqylanuy kerek. Búghan deyin Atom elektr stansiyasy mәselesi referendumgha shygharylsa, endi Konstitusiya mәselesining halyq talqysyna týsui – zandy әri oryndy qadam. Asqar Júmadildaevtyng aituynsha, Konstitusiyanyng manyzy AES mәselesinen kem emes, tipti key jaghdayda odan da manyzdyraq. Óitkeni AES – belgili bir salagha qatysty strategiyalyq sheshim bolsa, Konstitusiya – tútas memleketting sayasi, qúqyqtyq jәne qoghamdyq jýiesining irgetasy.

Akademikting búl pikiri kópshilikting kókeyindegi oimen ýndesedi. Sebebi Konstitusiya – býgingi kýnning ghana emes, keleshek úrpaqtyng da ómirine әser etetin qújat. Ondaghy әrbir ózgeris elding damu baghytyna, memlekettik instituttardyng qyzmetine, azamattardyng qúqyqtyq qorghaluyna tikeley yqpal etedi. Sondyqtan múnday auqymdy mәselening halyqtyng óz dauysymen sheshilui – sayasy jauapkershilikting kórinisi.

Asqar Júmadildaev óz sózinde azamattyq belsendilik mәselesine de erekshe toqtaldy. Ol barlyq referendumdargha túraqty týrde qatysatynyn aityp, múny әrbir azamattyng mindeti dep baghalaydy. «Búl – bizding azamattyq mindetimiz. Elge, memleketke qatysty ózgeristerden shet qalmau kerek», – degen ústanymy qogham ýshin de manyzdy ýndeu.

Rasynda, qoghamdaghy ýlken ózgerister syrttan kelip jasalmaydy. Ony halyqtyng ózi tandaydy, ózi bekitedi, ózi jauapkershilik alady. Al referendum – sol jauapkershilikting naqty kórinisi. Býgin dauys beru – ertengi memleketting qanday bolatynyna yqpal etu degen sóz.

Jana Konstitusiyanyng basty artyqshylyqtarynyng biri – halyq pen biylikting arasyndaghy baylanysty kýsheytuge baghyttaluy. Qoghamda songhy jyldary keybir instituttardyng tiyimdiligine qatysty týrli pikirler aitylyp keledi. Mәselen, Senattyng róli, Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasynyng mәrtebesi, jalpy qoghamdyq ókildik instituttarynyng bolashaghy jóninde talqylaular az bolghan joq. Akademikting aituynsha, jana ózgerister osy súraqtargha naqty jauap beruge úmtylady.

Onyng pikirinshe, búl jerde eng manyzdysy – halyq pen biylikting arasyndaghy kópirding nyghangy. Yaghni, memleket tek klassikalyq parlamenttik mehanizmmen ghana shektelip qalmay, qoghammen baylanys ornatudyng qosymsha, iykemdi әri últtyq sipattaghy formalaryn qalyptastyruy kerek. Solardyng biri – qúryltay instituty.

Asqar Júmadildaev qúryltaydyng róline erekshe mәn beredi. Onyng aituynsha, qúryltay – parlamentting dәl ózi bolmasa da, halyq pen biylikting arasyndaghy baylanysty kýsheytetin manyzdy alan. Songhy bes jyl ishinde búl institut ózining konstruktivti, paydaly organ ekenin dәleldedi. Qoghamdyq pikirdi jinaqtap, el ishindegi ózekti mәselelerdi kóterip, úsynystar aitu arqyly qúryltay sayasy kenistikte ózindik ornyn qalyptastyrdy.

Qyzylordada ótken besinshi qúryltaygha toqtalghan akademik búl jiynnyng ayaqtaluyn jenilis dep baghalaugha bolmaytynyn aitady. Kerisinshe, onyng oiynsha, qúryltaydyng missiyasy jana sapalyq dengeyge kóterildi. Yaghni, qúryltay atauy men iydeyasy jana parlamenttik qúrylymgha, halyq kenesi sipatyndaghy jýiege auysyp otyr. Búl – últtyq sayasy úghymdardyng janghyruy ghana emes, memlekettilik pen dәstýr sabaqtastyghynyng da belgisi.

«Qúryltay – naghyz qazaqtyng sózi. Halyqtyng atynan sóileytin, el mýddesin jetkizetin jýie osy úghymmen ýndesui kerek», – degen mazmúndaghy pikiri de tereng maghynagha iye.

Búl jerde bir manyzdy nәrse bar: jana sayasy jýie tek zandyq ózgeristerden túrmaydy. Ol qoghamnyng tarihy jadyn, últtyq úghymdaryn, dәstýrli sayasy mәdeniyetin de eskerui tiyis. Qúryltay úghymynyng janasha mazmúnda qayta oraluy – osynyng bir dәleli. Al onyng Qazaqstan halqy Assambleyasymen, qoghamdyq kenes sipatyndaghy qúrylymdarmen ózara baylanysta qarastyryluy – qoghamdaghy әrtýrli pikir men mýddeni bir arnagha toghystyrugha baghyttalghan útymdy qadam.

Asqar Júmadildaev múny «óte útymdy konstruksiya» dep baghalaydy. Óitkeni halyq pen biylikting arasyndaghy baylanys tek parlamentpen shektelmeui kerek. Oghan qoghamdyq instituttar, pikir alandary, kenesshi qúrylymdar, últtyq sipattaghy ókildik formalar da aralasuy qajet. Sonda ghana memleket pen qogham arasynda senim kýsheyedi, al reformalar shynayy mazmúngha ie bolady.

Jalpy, songhy jyldary Qazaqstanda jýrgizilip jatqan reformalardyng basty maqsaty da – biylik pen qogham arasyndaghy alshaqtyqty azaytu, azamattyng ýnine qúlaq asatyn memleket qaghidatyn naqty tetikke ainaldyru. Jana Konstitusiya dәl osy baghyttaghy iri qadamdardyng biri retinde baghalanuy tiyis. Óitkeni kez kelgen reforma zanmen bekitilgende ghana túraqty bolady. Al Konstitusiya dengeyindegi ózgeris – sol reformalardyng úzaqmerzimdi kepili.

Sondyqtan býgingi referendum – jay ghana dauys beru emes. Búl – elding bolashaq modelin tandaugha qatysu. Búl – azamattyng memleket isine tikeley aralasuy. Búl – qoghamnyng sayasy salmaghyn arttyratyn naqty qúral.

Asqar Júmadildaevtyng payymynsha, bolashaqta jana Konstitusiya da, qúryltay da ózining bedelin halyqtyng belsendiligi arqyly, konstruktivti úsynystar arqyly, naqty konstitusiyalyq ister arqyly nyghayta týsedi. Búl – óte manyzdy oi. Óitkeni eshqanday zan, eshqanday institut halyqtyng qatysuynsyz ómirsheng bola almaydy. Konstitusiyany da, reformany da shyn mәninde kýsheytetin – azamattyq sana men qoghamdyq belsendilik.

Endeshe, jana Konstitusiyagha qatysty referendum – Qazaqstannyng sayasy janghyru jolyndaghy manyzdy beles. Búl – memleket pen halyq arasyndaghy senimdi kýsheytetin, elding ertenine yqpal etetin, reformalardyng berik irgetasyn qalaytyn tarihy tandau. Múnday sәtte әr azamattyng dauysy – el bolashaghyna qosqan ýles.

Ayana Qaztay

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