Resey Federasiyasyndaghy Qazaqstan Respublikasy Elshiligining baspasóz ortalyghynda elshilikting úiyqty boluymen Qazaqstan men Resey arasyndaghy diplomatiyalyq qatynastardyng negizin qalaushy Oraz-Múhammed Ondanúlynyng túlghasy men qyzmeti turaly halyqaralyq konferensiya ótti.

«Qazirgi tarihtaghy Oraz-Múhammed Ondanúlynyng róli» atty ghylymy konferensiyagha Qazaqstan men Reseyding tarihshy ghalymdary, uniyversiytet professorlary qatysty.

Konferensiyany ashqan Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng Reseydegi Tótenshe jәne Ókiletti Elshisi Imanghaly Tasmaghambetov XVII ghasyrdyng basynda Oraz-Múhammed Ondanúly qazaq memleketi men Mәskeu memleketi arasynda diplomatiyalyq negiz qalaugha at salysyp, airyqsha miras qaldyrghanyn atap ótti. Ol qazaq halqymen Oraz-Múhammed súltandy aragha ýsh jarym ghasyr salyp qayta qauyshtyrghan jazushy Múhtar Maghauinnyng «Alasapyran» romany ekenin eske saldy.

«Barsha Alash júrty ýshin bayraqty babamyzdyng jat elde jarty patshalyq qúruy anyzgha bergisiz aqiqat! Al onyng el men eldi tabystyrghan qyzmeti – mәrtebeli abyroy. Óitkeni Oraz-Múhammed orys jerine jeke dara kelgen joq. Ol býkil el amanatyn, úly dalanyng dos peyili men beybit yqylasyn ala keldi. Sodan bolar tabighy tәkapparlyghy men batyldyghynyn, zerektigi men әdildigining arqasynda ýlken bedelge ie boldy. Osy elding taghdyrsheshti syn saghatyna aralasty. Atqa qonyp, enseli erteni ýshin kýresti. Adamdar tarihy prosesterding logikasyn úghynugha tyrysyp qana qoymaydy, sonymen qatar prosessting iynersiyasyna әser etip, oqighalardyng barysyna betbúrys jasaghan qaharman túlghalar turaly aqiqatty da bilgisi keledi. Úly Dalada ghana emes, jat júrtta, orys jerinde danqty isterimen tanymal bolghan Súltan Oraz-Múhammedti osynday túlghalardyng shoghyryna jatqyzugha bolady», - dedi elshi óz sózinde.

Oraz-Múhammed súltannyng eki elding tarihynda qaldyrghan erekshe rólin zerttep, zerdeleu jәne nasihattaudy maqsat etken konferensiyada alty qatysushy bayandama jasady, onyng ishinde Resey ghylym akademiyasynyng Áleumettik ghylymdar turaly ghylymy aqparat institutynyng Órkeniyetterdi salystyrmaly zertteu ortalyghynyng jetekshisi Iliya Zaysev:

«Oraz-Múhammed Reseydi azamattyq soghys alauy sharpyghan búlghaq kezenindegi oqighalarda manyzdy ról atqardy. Ol osy kezendegi belsendi memleket qayratkerlerining biri boldy. Onyng tarihy róli әli de baghalanbaghan boluy mýmkin», - dedi. Ghalym qazaq súltanynyng tarihy oryny ghana emes sayasy qyzmeti turasynda da jalghasty zertteuding qajettiligin aitty.

Halyqaralyq biznes uniyversiytetining әleumettik ghylymdar jәne gumanitarlyq ghylymdar kafedrasynyng professory Múrat Ábdirov tegi týrki ýsh biyleushinin: Sibir hany Kóshim, qazaq súltany Oraz-Múhammed jәne Petr Urusov atymen tarihta qalghan noghay hanzadasy Oraqtyng – keyinnen ýlken euraziyalyq derjavagha ainalghan sol tústaghy Mәskeu patshalyghy kezeninde tәlkekke týsken toghysqan taghdyrlary turaly sóz sóiledi.

«Oraz-Múhammed súltan qazaqtyng hany boluy mýmkin edi. Ol Shyghay hannyng ómirden erte ozghan ýlken úly Ondannyng balasy retinde mýmkin qazaq handyghynyng taghyna otyrar ma edi? Tipti, Boris Godunov patshanyng eng senimdi serikterining biri bolghan Shynghys túqymy Oraz-Múhammed ómirining songhy betteri qúpiyagha toly. Resey jerindegi qazaq hany mezgilsiz ajal qúshpaghanda, Reseydegi alasapyrannyng qalyng túmanynan aman shyqqanda Mәskeu patshalyghy taghynda otyrar ma edi? Tarihy derek Oraz-Múhammedting balasy jalghan Dmitriy II-ge әkesi oghan qarsy jospar qúryp jatqanyn aitty dep jazady. Búl fakt pe, joq pa, dәp basyp aitu qiyn. Biz búl núsqanyng tamyry qaydan shyqqanyn bilmeymiz. Nelikten úly búlay istedi? Tarih ýnsiz, jәne biz búl turaly eshqashan bilmeytin shygharmyz», - dedi professor.

Resey ghylym akademiyasynyng Orys tarihy institutynyng agha ghylymy qyzmetkeri Andrey Belyakov Oraz-Múhammed eki el arasyndaghy diplomatiyalyq baylanystardy jay ghana bastaushysy emes, eki elding yqpaldasuyna әser etken túlgha dep qaraydy.

«Mýmkin, Oraz-Múhammed Qazaqstannyng Reseydegi túnghysh elshisi, izgi niyetti diplomaty bolghan shyghar. Oraz-Múhammedting jәne XVI ghasyrdyng 90-jyldarynyng ortasyndaghy diplomatiyalyq baylanystardyng arqasynda Oraz-Múhammedting tәlimgeri bolghan Qadyrghaly Jalayyrdyng әigili «Shejireler jinaghy» tuyndysy payda boldy. Alayda, búl qazaq súltany turaly jauapsyz súraq kóp. Ákesi Ondan súltan qaytys bolghanda ol qayda boldy, kimning janynda boldy, Oraz-Múhammed Sibir handyghyna qanday sebeppen bardy – búlar týsiniksiz?! Onymen birge әjesi, anasy, jary siyaqty handyq әuletting әielderi de tútqyngha týsti. Olardyng da songhy taghdyry belgisiz. XVI-XVII ghasyr tarihy turaly Resey jazbalarynda Shynghys túqymdarynyng barlyq әielderi, qyzdary patshayym atalghan», - deydi Andrey Belyakov.

Al, «QR Túnghysh Preziydenti – Elbasy» qory janyndaghy әlemdik ekonomika jәne sayasat institutynyng bas sarapshysy Radik Temirghaliyev qazaq pen orys qatynastarynyng resmy diplomatiyalyq qatynasy Oraz-Múhammed túsynda ornady dep sanaydy. «Mәskeu biyligi Tәuekel hangha deyingi qazaq handaryn odaqtas retinde paydalanugha talpynghan shaqtary bolmasa qoy barys-kelis jasaghan joq. Tútqyngha týsken qazaq súltany Oraz-Múhammed siyaqty Qazan, Qyrym, Sibir, Astrahandy biylegen tóreler de orys patshalyghynda amanatta boldy. Soghan qaramastan qazaq súltanyn kótermeledi. Áriyne, Oraz-Múhammedting qolbasshy, sayasatker, diplomat retindegi óz qayratkerligi de airyqsha sapagha iye. Degenmen, ol ózine nazar audartu arqyly Mәskeu biyleushilerin qazaq handyghymen sanasuy tiyis ekenin úghyndyrdy», - dedi tarihshy.

QazÚAU «Ruhany janghyru» gumanitarlyq zertteuler ortalyghynyng jetekshi ghylymy qyzmetkeri, tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, dosent Núrlan Atyghaev Oraz-Múhammedting mýlde zerttelmey jatpaghanyn, onyng qayratkerligi turaly dissertasiyalar qorghalyp jatqanyn aita kele, qazaq súltany turaly keybir saualdargha toqtaldy. «Birinshi, biz Oraz-Múhammedti Ondan súltannyng úly retinde bilemiz. Arhivterde kezdesetin tatar tarihshysy Shihabaddin Marjanidyng myna deregin qaranyz. «Nasr ad-Din Abuli-Fath Oraz-Múhammed han ibn Ondan, ibn Shyghay, ibn Jәdik, ibn Jәnibek, ibn Baraq han, ibn Qúiyrshyq, ibn Orys, ibn Batu» dep beredi. Jaulaushy mәnindegi osy Nasr ad-Din Abuli-Fath men ýshin súraq. Búl qaydan shyqty? Tatar әriptesterimnen súrap kórdim. Mýmkin Marjany bizge tolyq jetpegen bir derekke sýiengen shyghar. Búl qosymsha zertteudi qajet etedi», dep saualdar kóterdi ghalym.

Konferensiyagha moderatorlyq etken qazaq ghylymnyng qara shanyraghy, Sh.Sh. Uәlihanov atyndaghy Tarih jәne etnologiya instituty diyrektory Ziyabek Qabyldinov qorytyndy sóz sóilep, konferensiyany týiindedi.

Ziyabek Qabyldinov:

- Oraz-Múhammed qazaq memleketi men Reseyding ghana emes basqa elderding de tarihynda iz qaldyrghan úly túlgha. Onyng ishinde Irannyn, Litvanyn, Polishanyng múraghattarynda da esimi altyn әrippen jazylghan. Týiindep keletin bolsaq,

Birinshiden, Oraz-Múhammed tútqyngha týsip, bóten elde, jat jerde Mәskeu memleketinde jýrse de ózin myqty ekenin, Úly dalanyng úly túlghalary qanday batyl bolghanyn dәleldep ketti. Ol Shynghys hannyng ýlken balasy Joshynyng tikeley úrpaghy. Reseylik әriptesterimning esterine sala keteyin, Joshy hannyng jatqan jeri Qazaqstannyng Qaraghandy oblysy, Úlytau audanynda.

Ekinshi, Oraz-Múhammed tútqynda bolsa da Mәskeu memleketining eng joghary satysyndaghy biylik elitasynda oiyp oryn alyp, olardyng qúrmetine bólengen dara túlgha. Mysaly, qazaq súltany Fedor patshanyng taghynyng sol jaghyna otyrghan. Ong jaghynda basqa tóreler, Kóshim hannyng úrpaqtary otyrdy. Ony eshqashanda úmytpauymyz kerek. Búl onyng tóre túqymy bolghanynan da shyghar. Degenmen ózining minezining ereksheligin, 16 jasyna deyin Úly dalada jýrip alghan tәrbiyesin jat jerde jýrgende kórsetti.

Ýshinshi, Oraz-Múhammed eki el – Mәskeu memleketi men Qazaq handyghy arasynda túraqty týrde diplomatiyalyq baylanystyng eng birinshi ýlgilerin kórsetti, ózi sonyng sebepkeri boldy. Mysaly, 1594 jyly Tәuekel han Mәskeuge Qúl-Múhammed atty myqty elshini jibergendegi ýsh tapsyrmasynyng biri osy Oraz-Múhammedti alyp kelu edi.

Tórtinshiden, Oraz-Múhammedting Resey jerinde jýrgen kezdegi әr izi múraghattarda jaqsy saqtalghan. Shynyn aitu kerek, XVI-XVII kezenindegi qazaq handyghy turaly derekter az. Osy kezeng ýshin qúndy derekter Mәskeuge kelgen elshi Qúl-Múhammedting Oraz-Múhammedpen әngimesi arqyly saqtalyp qaldy. Jay ghana saqtalmay, bolghan oqighalardy ghana aitpay, Qazaq handyghynyng ishki-syrtqy jaghdayyn, basqa memlekettermen qarym-qatynasyn әdemi suretteydi.

Besinshi, Oraz-Múhammedting tarihy Resey memleketining damuyna әser etti. II Ljedmitriy 1610 jyly Oraz-Múhammedti qastandyqpen óltirgen son, onyng dosy Petr Urusov anshylyqqa shyqqanda II Ljedmitriydi óltirip, qarulas serigining kegin alyp, I Petr kezinde alyp imperiyagha ainalghan Mәskeu patshalyghy biyligine 1613 jyly Romanovtar әuleti keluine alghyshart jasady.

Altynshydan, ol jay ghana qarapayym súltan bolyp, Boris Godunovtyng tórinde otyrmay Kasimov handyghynyng biyleushisi boldy. Halyqtyng túrmysyn jaqsartyp, bir-birimen arazdyghyn toqtatyp, kópúltty ókilderding ózara tatulyghyn saqtaghan, erekshe әdispen óz handyghyn biylegen sayasatkerligi orys tarihynda altyn әrippen jazylyp qaldy. Oraz-Múhammed 1812-1845 jyldardyng ortasynda Edil men Jayyq arasynda qúrylghan ishki orda Bókey ordasyn, Jәngir handy eseptemegende, Reseyding ishki jaghynda jýrip, han bolghan jalghyz túlgha. Ol Mәskeuding týbinde otyrsa da qazaqtyng memleket basqaru ýlgisin kórsetip ketti. Ózining tarihy otany qazaq handyghynyng mýddesin de oilap otyrdy.  

Jetinshiden, 16 jasqa deyin myqty bilim, jaqsy әskery tәlim alghan qazaq súltany Mәskeu memleketinde qyzmetke barghanda ózin jaqsy sardar, ýlgili qolbasshy retinde kórsete bildi. Mysaly shvedtermen shayqasta, Qyrym tatarlarynyng Mәskeuge shabuylyn toqtatugha kópten kóp enbek etti.

Segizinshi, Oraz-Múhammed eki elge ortaq tarihy túlgha. 22 jylyn Reseyde ótkizgen ol ant bergen Mәskeu memleketine adal qyzmet etti.

Osynday túlghanyng esimin qalay nasihattau kerek? Qazir Qazaqstanda,  Shoqan Uәlihanov atyndaghy Tarih jәne etnologiya institutynda 3 tomdyq tarihy ensiklopediya jasalyp jatyr. Sonyng ishinde Oraz-Múhammedke oiyp oryn berip, keninen dәripteuimiz kerek.

Qazaqstanda 1 jyl búryn jariyalanghan Elbasynyng «Úly dalanyng jeti qyry» maqalasy ayasyndaghy «Úly dala esimderi» jobasyna enetin 100 túlghanyng arasynda Oraz-Múhammed oiyp oryn alatynyna senimdimiz.

Osy túlghagha Qazaqstandaghy mektep oqulyqtarynyn, Orta ghasyrdaghy Qazaqstan tarihyn bayandaytyn 7 synyptaghy tarih oqulyghyna, joghary oqu oryndarynda oqytylatyn tarih kitaptarynda da jeke paragraf arnau kerek.

Shynyn aitqanda, Qazaqstanda dayyndalyp jatqan tarih mamandary arasynda orta ghasyr tarihymen ainalysatyn mamandar óte az. Tarihshylardy osy kezenge baghyttau qajet. Onyng ishinde Sibir handyghyn, Qasym handyghyn, Oraz-Múhammed siyaqty túlghalardy zertteuimiz tiyis. Sonday-aq jenil tilde jazylghan monografiyalardy dayyndap, qazaq, orys, aghylshyn jәne basqa da tilderde audaryp taratu kerek. Ári, basqa da elderding múraghattaryn terendey zerttep qosymsha hrestomatiyalar әzirleu artyq emes. Sóz sonynda Qazaqstannyng Reseydegi elshiligine, elshi Imanghaly Núrghaliyúlyna myng da bir alghys bildiremiz! Eki elding tarihshylarynyng basyn qosyp, Babamyzgha taghzym etip, eki jaqty da moyyndatyp, Oraz-Múhammedting qanday myqty túlgha bolghanyn pash etip jatyr. Soghan shyn jýrekten raqmet aitamyz. Oraz-Múhammed súltanday túlghalarymyz zerttelip, esimderi ardaqtala berui tiyis!

Konferensiyagha qatysushylar tek bilim men pikir almasyp qana qoymay, bir-birine qazaq-orys qarym-qatynasy turaly songhy monografiyalaryn úsynyp, konferensiya úiymdastyrghan elshilik júmysyna rizashylyq bildirdi.

Ayta ketetin bolsaq, 15 qarashada Resey Federasiyasynyng Ryazani oblysy, Qasymov qalasynda Eski tatar ziratynda Joshy úlysynan, qazaqty biylegen Shynghys túqymynan shyqqan Oraz-Múhammed súltangha(hangha) memorialdy taqta ornatylady.

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