Barlyghy barlaudan bastalady

Barlanghan qorlar ósimi aimaqtyng ertengi kýnge degen senimin arttyrady. Tabighy resurs qorlarynyng tolygha týsui elimizding әleumettik-ekonomikalyq damuyna serpin beretin faktorlardyng biri. Ónerkәsipting qaryshtap damuy, jana júmys oryndarynyng ashyluy, jas jetkinshekterge  bilim beretin  mektepter men bala-baqshalardyn   jәne zamanauy qúral-jabdyqtarymen qamtylghan auruhanalardyng boy týzeui - osynyng barlyghy ekonomikalyq damumen baylanysty jaghdaylar ekeni barshagha belgili.

Búny bilu ýshin adamgha arnayy ekonomikalyq bilim aludyng qajeti shamaly shyghar...    Bir qyzyghy búl turasynda kóp aitylady, tipti, erinbegen ekining biri sóz etedi, alayda naqty ne jasaldy? Retimen toqtalyp kóreyik.

Tabighy resurstar

Mәselening mәnine terenirek ýnilseng sharuanyng ontaylanuy úqsatyp ústau men ýnemge baryp tireletinin bayqaysyn. Osy jaytqa әrkez mәn berip otyratyn elimizde  2010 - 2014 jyldargha arnalghan  Miyneraldy-shiykizat keshenin damytu jóninde arnayy memlekettik baghdarlama qabyldanghan bolatyn.  Atalghan baghdarlama boyynsha, barlyq negizgi paydaly qazbalar qory arttyryluy tiyis.

Barlyghy barlaudan bastalady

Barlanghan qorlar ósimi aimaqtyng ertengi kýnge degen senimin arttyrady. Tabighy resurs qorlarynyng tolygha týsui elimizding әleumettik-ekonomikalyq damuyna serpin beretin faktorlardyng biri. Ónerkәsipting qaryshtap damuy, jana júmys oryndarynyng ashyluy, jas jetkinshekterge  bilim beretin  mektepter men bala-baqshalardyn   jәne zamanauy qúral-jabdyqtarymen qamtylghan auruhanalardyng boy týzeui - osynyng barlyghy ekonomikalyq damumen baylanysty jaghdaylar ekeni barshagha belgili.

Búny bilu ýshin adamgha arnayy ekonomikalyq bilim aludyng qajeti shamaly shyghar...    Bir qyzyghy búl turasynda kóp aitylady, tipti, erinbegen ekining biri sóz etedi, alayda naqty ne jasaldy? Retimen toqtalyp kóreyik.

Tabighy resurstar

Mәselening mәnine terenirek ýnilseng sharuanyng ontaylanuy úqsatyp ústau men ýnemge baryp tireletinin bayqaysyn. Osy jaytqa әrkez mәn berip otyratyn elimizde  2010 - 2014 jyldargha arnalghan  Miyneraldy-shiykizat keshenin damytu jóninde arnayy memlekettik baghdarlama qabyldanghan bolatyn.  Atalghan baghdarlama boyynsha, barlyq negizgi paydaly qazbalar qory arttyryluy tiyis.

Býgingi tanda biz negizinen kenes dәuirinde ashylghan eski ken oryndaryn paydalanudamyz. Alayda ne nәrsening de ólshemi, shegi bar: qazaq jerindegi qazbalar  qory da sheksiz emes. Eger geologiyalyq barlau júmystaryn jýrgizbesek, jiyrma-otyz jyldan keyin shiykizat bazasynsyz qaluymyz mýmkin. Búl - әli de zerttelip bitpegen bay qazynaly Qazaqstanda boluy yqtimal jayt!

Baghdarlamany iske asyruda elding iri ónerkәsiptik kompaniyalary ýlken roli oinaydy. Býginde geologiyalyq barlau salasyndaghy eng belsendi júmysty QMG BÓ kompaniyasy atqarady. Mysaly, bir ay búryn kompaniya kómirsutektik shiykizatty barlau boyynsha birden tórt kelisimshartqa qol jetkizgendigin jariyalady.

Kelisimsharttar Temir, Terisken, Qaraton-Saryqamys bloktarynda jәne Ózen, Qaramandybas ken oryndaryna qarasty aumaqtarda barlau jýrgizudi qarastyrady.  Barlau júmystarynyng jalpy qúny  43,8 mln AQSh dollaryn qúraydy. Kompaniyanyng baghalauy boyynsha barlyq bloktardaghy geologiyalyq resurstar múnay ekvivalentinde 1,5 mlrd. barrelidi qúrauy mýmkin. Búl bloktardaghy júmys boyynsha sharalar jospary jasalghan, oghan sәikes aldaghy birneshe jylda 2D jәne 3D seysmikalyq barlau, 6-17 únghyda әr týrli blok boyynsha izdeu-barlau búrghylau júmystary men jekelegen qúrylymdar boyynsha mәlimetterding óndelui men taldauy jýrgiziledi. Mysaly, 2011 jyly Aqtóbe oblysyndaghy Terisken blogynda Diyar jәne Manysay qúrylymdary boyynsha seysmikalyq barlau mәlimetterin óndeu jәne taldau júmystary josparlanghan.

Resurstyq bazany damytu ýshin qarjy tartu - kompaniyanyng maqsatty sayasaty. Ótken jyly ol geologiyalyq barlaugha 47 mln AQSh doll. kóleminde salym jasady. 2011 jyly geologiyalyq barlaugha jasalghan investisiyalar 150 mln-nan astam AQSh dollaryn qúrady.

QMG BÓ ýshin ótken jyl  sәtti boldy, sonyng ishinde geologiyalyq barlau ýshin de. Kompaniyanyng barlau bloktarynyng biri Limanda múnay qory tabyldy. Qazir onda seysmikalyq zertteuler nәtiyjelerin óndeu men taldau jәne barlau, búrghylau júmystary jýrgizilip jatyr.

2010 jyly QMG BÓ Qazaqstannyng qúrlyqtyq bóliginde barlau jýrgizuge kelisimsharttary bar birqatar kompaniyany satyp aldy, BG Group-pen Soltýstik tenizdegi White Bear blogynda birlesken barlau júmystaryn jýrgizu jóninde kelisimshartqa qol qoydy. Mamyrda QMG BÓ «QazMúnayGaz» kompaniyasymen Ózara týsinistik turaly memorandumgha qol qoydy, sol arqyly birqatar múnay-gaz jobalarynyng mәlimetterine qol jetkize aldy, sonyng ishinde Kaspiy tenizining qazaqstandyq sektoryndaghy jobalargha da. Jobalardyng tizimine teniz bloktary - «Jambyl», «Ýstirt» («Óli Qúltyq»), «Jenis», «Godina», «S-1» y «S-2», sonymen qatar, Óriktau kiredi. Qazir osy jobalardyng investisiyalyq tartymdylyghynyng tehnikalyq-ekonomikalyq jәne kommersiyalyq baghalauy jýrgizilip jatyr. Alynghan nәtiyjelerge sәikes QMG BÓ-ning iske asyrugha qatysuy qarastyrylady.

Osy siyaqty jobalar men salymdar kompaniyagha qarajattyng birden qaytuyn, paydanyng jyldam keluin qamtamasyz etpeydi. Alayda búl - bolashaqqa salynghan investisiyalar, olar keleshektegi júmys oryndaryn qamtamasyz etuge, aimaq ekonomikasyn damytugha, aralyq óndiristerdi damytugha mýmkindik beredi.

Ónerkәsipti damytu

Álemdik ekonomikanyng damu qarqyny bәsendegenine qaramastan, Qazaqstandaghy óndiris kórsetkishteri ósuin toqtatqan joq. Ázirge búl ósimdi negizinen shiykizat sektory qamtamasyz etude. Alayda Qarqyndy industrialdy-innovasiyalyq damudyng memlekettik baghdarlamasyna sәikes paydaly qazbalar óndirisinen týsken kiris shiykizattyq emes óndiris salalaryna kómektesui kerek. JIÓ-degi salmaqty ýlesti aqparattyq tehnologiyalar, transport, baylanys, mashina qúrylysy, qosymsha qúny joghary basqa da tauarlar óndirisi men qyzmet kórsetuler qúraytyn bolady.

Iri kompaniyalar, sonyng ishinde múnay-gaz sektorynyng kәsiporyndary jyl sayyn jetkizushilerge jetkizilgen tauarlar men kórsetilgen qyzmetter ýshin ondaghan mlrd tenge tóleydi. Qazaqstandyq qúramdy damytu jónindegi memlekettik sayasattyng arqasynda býginde ónerkәsip flagmandary barlyq qajetti tauarlardy otandyq óndirushilerden satyp alugha tyrysady. Demek shaghyn jәne orta kәsiporyndardyng kepildi ótkizu rynogy men anyq ósimi payda boldy.

Aymaghymyzdaghy memleketting qatysuy bar iri qazaqstandyq kompaniyany taghy da mysal retinde úsynugha bolady, búl - QMG BÓ. 2010 jyly ol 13,3 mln tonna múnay óndirip, Qazaqstandaghy múnay jәne gaz óndirisi boyynsha alghashqy ýshtikke endi. Ótken jyly qabyldanghan Ósim strategiyasyna sәikes kompaniya kómirsutek óndiruding jyldyq orta qarqynyn 3% dengeyinde ústamaq.

Býgingi tanda QMG BÓ satyp alularyndaghy qazaqstandyq qúram ýlesi 50%-dan astam dengeydi qúraydy. Ótken jyly kompaniya otandyq tauaróndirushilermen 15,7 mlrd tenge mólsherinde kelisimsharttar jasady. Al 2011 jyldyng qantarynan mamyryna deyingi aralyqtaghy kelisimsharttar 10,7 mlrd tengeni qúrady. Kompaniyadaghy óndiris ósimi keleshekte jergilikti kәsiporyndardyng tauarlary men qyzmet kórsetulerine degen súranysty arttyrady.

Qazir QMG BÓ kóptegen tauarlardy shetelden satyp alugha mәjbýr, sebebi Qazaqstanda olar әzirge óndirilmeydi. Búl - týrli himiyalyq (qyshqyldar, poliakrilamiyd, hlorly kalisiy jәne t.b.), qúbyrlar (búrghylau, ýlken diametrli pisirgish qúbyrlar jәne t.b.), kýsh kabelideri, elektrodvigatelider, moyyntirekter, pakerler, baqylau-ólsheu qúrylghysy jәne kóptegen t.b

Dәl osynday ónimder óndirisin qazaqstandyq kәsiporyndar bazasynda úiymdastyrugha bolady. Oghan qosa, qazaqstandyq qúramdy arttyru ýshin zauyttar mýmkindikterinshe importtyq emes, otandyq shiykizatty satyp alu, otandyq kәsiporyndar qyzmetterin paydalanu arqyly lokalizasiya payyzyn arttyru qajet. Otandyq óndirushilerding jana, súranysqa ie ónim týrlerin óndirui óndeushi ónerkәsiptegi óndiris kórsetkishterining artuyna, jana júmys oryndaryn ashugha, kәsiporyndar ornalasqan aimaqtardaghy әleumettik salanyng damuyna mýmkindik beredi

Áleumettik infraqúrylym

Aymaq әl-auqaty - búl onyng túrghyndarynyng dәuleti. Tauar óndirisi men qyzmet kórsetulerding ósimi halyqty týraqty júmyspen qamtamasyz etip qana qoymay, jalpy ómir sýru sapasyn jaqsartugha, adam kapitaly damuyna investisiya jasaugha mýmkindik beredi.

Statistka agenttigining mәlimetterine sәikes Atyrau jәne Manghystau oblystary Qazaqstan aimaqtarynyng arasynda enbekaqynyng orta dengeyi boyynsha әdette alghashqy oryndarda túrady (160 jәne 150 myng sәikesinshe). Búghan qosa eng joghary baghalanatyny - qatal klimattyq jaghdayda kәsip etetin múnayshylardyng auyr júmysy.

Jalpy alghanda búl aimaqtardaghy ómir sýru sapasyn aitarlyqtay jogharu deuge bolmaydy. Eldi mekender arasyndaghy ýlken qashyqtyqtar, kommunikasiyalardy jýrgizuding tehnikalyq kýrdeliligi men qymbattyghy, joldar tyghyzdyghynyng tómendigi, túshy su kózderining jetispeushiligi jәne qalyptasqan basqa da faktorlar halyq ómirining dengeyine әser etedi. Alayda ólkening әleumettik infraqúrylymyn damytu maqsatynda kóp sharalar jasaluda.

Mysaly, QMG BÓ aldynghy qatarly múnay kompaniyalarynyng biri retinde tek ózining negizgi kәsibimen ghana ainalyspaydy, sonymen qatar, mektepter, túrghyn ýiler, joldar jәne sport ghimarattarynyng qúrylysyn qarjylandyrady. Dossor múnayynyng 100 jyldyghyna qarsy kompaniya Dossor kentinde 80 oryndyq bala-baqsha saldy, dene shynyqtyru-sauyqtyru kesheni men stadiondy janartyp qalpyna keltirdi. Sonymen qatar, birneshe orta mektep aumaghynda jasandy jabyny bar sport alandary ornatyldy. Dossor múnayynyng 100 jyldyghyna oray eskertkish qoyylghan alleya múnayshylar kentine kórik berip túr.

Dossor siyaqty eski ken oryndary ónerkәsiptik jәne kommersiyalyq mәnin joghaltsa da, sol ónerkәsipte júmys isteytin auyl túrghyndarynyng keleshegi ýshin jauapkershilikti QMG BÓ ózine jýkteytinin aitady. Sondyqtan adamdar óz erteni ýshin senimdi.

QMG BÓ jekelegen әleumettik jobalarmen shektelmeytinin aita ketu kerek. Ol óz júmysshylarynyng jәne olardyng otbasylarynyng enbek jaghdayyn jәne ómir sýru sapasyn jaqsartu boyynsha keshendi әri jýie júmysty túraqty týrde jýrgizip otyrady. Búl júmysty óndiris ósimimen birge keleshekte de jalghastyra bermek.

2011 jyly Manghystau múnayynyng 50 jyldyghyna oray Kaspiy tenizining jaghalauynda Janaózen qalasyna jaqyn  ornalasqan  «Kendirli» demalys aimaghynda  balshyqty emhanasy bar biregey medisinalyq-sauyqtyru ortalyghy ashyldy, búnda tek múnayshylar men ónerkәsip ardagerleri ghana emes, kez-kelgen adam em qabyldap, demala alady. Sonday-aq «Kendirlide» 250 oryndyq balalargha arnalghan sauyqtyru lageri qoldanysqa berildi. Atalmysh eki nysannyng  qúrylysyna QMG BÓ 1,5 mlrd-tan astam tenge bóldi.

Kompaniya mýgedek balalargha, kópbalaly jәne jaghdayy tómen otbasylargha, soghys jәne enbek ardagerlerine, jalghyzilikti qarttargha әrqashan kómek kórsetip keledi jәne bolashaqta da jәrdemdesedi. QMG BÓ - júmyssyz zeynetkerlerge qoldau kórsetetin sanauly kompaniyalardyng biri, ol óz qamqoryna ýsh mynday adamdy alghan. QMG BÓ әleumettik jauapkershiligi, sonday-aq, sport pen salauatty ómir saltyn da qamtidy. Jalpy alghanda Atyrau jәne Manghystau oblystarynyng әleumettik infraqúrylymdaryna salynghan investisiyalar osy jyly 4,8 mlrd-tan astam tengeni qúrady. Kompaniyanyng keleshektegi damuy, barlanghan qorlardyn  ósui jәne múnay óndirisi dengeyining artuy QMG BÓ-ge aksionerlik qúndy arttyrugha mýmkindik beredi, demek budjetke qúiylatyn salyqtar, sonyng nәtiyjesinde aimaqtar damuyna salymdar da ósedi.

«Abay-aqparat»