Tanatar Tabynúly. Jurnalistika – biylik pen halyqtyng arasyndaghy kópir
Jurnalist - búl kýn sayyn bos túrghan kenistikti toltyratyn adam, - depti Deym Rebekka Uest. Biraq qalay toltyrady? Nemen toltyrady? Búl jerde jurnalisting qanday BAQ-ta qyzmet etetini manyzdy ekeni ras. Óitkeni, joghary lauazymdy bir sheneunikting nemese deputattyng biylikke qatysty emosiyamen aitqan «bir auyz sózi» - oppozisiyalyq BAQ-tyng «azyghy». Alayda, qoghamgha shynayy aqparat beretin BAQ-tyng ókilderi múnday uaqytsha «azyqqa» aldanbaydy. Mysalgha, Qazaqstandaghy parlamenttik jurnalisterdi alayyq. Birinshiden, zang shygharatyn negizgi organnyng kýndelikti qym-quyt tirshiligin tereng boylap jazatyn jurnalister joq emes. Olar Ýkimetten keletin qújattar men zang jobalaryna ózinshe taldau jasay alady. Árbir zang jobasynyng artyqshylyqtary men kemshilikterin saralap, saraptap, birneshe taraptyng oi-pikirin bilip, sonynan saraptamalyq material dayyndaydy. Búl - qúptarlyq jaghday. Ekinshiden, Parlamentting zang shygharushylyq qyzmetin, tәjiriybesin týsinbeytin, keybir deputattardyng auzynan shyqqan orynsyz sózderdi «qaghyp» alyp, gazet betinen nemese telearna efiyrinen «ayqaylatyp» material beretin jurnalister de bar.
Jurnalist - búl kýn sayyn bos túrghan kenistikti toltyratyn adam, - depti Deym Rebekka Uest. Biraq qalay toltyrady? Nemen toltyrady? Búl jerde jurnalisting qanday BAQ-ta qyzmet etetini manyzdy ekeni ras. Óitkeni, joghary lauazymdy bir sheneunikting nemese deputattyng biylikke qatysty emosiyamen aitqan «bir auyz sózi» - oppozisiyalyq BAQ-tyng «azyghy». Alayda, qoghamgha shynayy aqparat beretin BAQ-tyng ókilderi múnday uaqytsha «azyqqa» aldanbaydy. Mysalgha, Qazaqstandaghy parlamenttik jurnalisterdi alayyq. Birinshiden, zang shygharatyn negizgi organnyng kýndelikti qym-quyt tirshiligin tereng boylap jazatyn jurnalister joq emes. Olar Ýkimetten keletin qújattar men zang jobalaryna ózinshe taldau jasay alady. Árbir zang jobasynyng artyqshylyqtary men kemshilikterin saralap, saraptap, birneshe taraptyng oi-pikirin bilip, sonynan saraptamalyq material dayyndaydy. Búl - qúptarlyq jaghday. Ekinshiden, Parlamentting zang shygharushylyq qyzmetin, tәjiriybesin týsinbeytin, keybir deputattardyng auzynan shyqqan orynsyz sózderdi «qaghyp» alyp, gazet betinen nemese telearna efiyrinen «ayqaylatyp» material beretin jurnalister de bar.
Jasyratyny joq, otandyq keybir BAQ-tarda Ýkimet mýshelerin, Parlament deputattaryn mensinbeushilik, әiteuir synau kerek bolghan song kelekeleytin «әdet» bar. Onda da halyq qalaulylarynyng kýndelikti isteytin júmysyn emes, qalghyp-mýlgip otyratynyn orynsyz aiyptap jatady. Jalpy otyrysta deputattyng ýndemey otyruy onyng kýlli júmysynyng baghasy emes qoy! Bәlkim, ol búghan deyingi jiyndarda (mysaly, júmys tobynyng otyrysynda, zangha qajetti úsynystar engizude, basqa elderding tәjiriybesine oqyp-bilude) erekshe belsendilik tanytyp, sol kýni zannyng qabyldanghanyna quanyp, әriptesterin ýnsiz qoldap otyrghan shyghar?!. Aqiqatqa jýginsek, deputattyng qyzmeti bir jinalysta sóilegen-sóilemegenimen ólshenbeytini belgili. Olardyng memleketke, Parlamentke jasaghan qyzmetin baghalau ýshin mynaday obektivti kriyteriylerdi tizbelep shyghuymyz kerek: qanday zang jobalaryna qajetti úsynystar berdi, qansha zang jobasyn dayyndaugha ýles qosty, óz saylaushylarynan qansha hat aldy, saylaushylarynyng qanday mәselelerin Parlament minberinen kóterip, ong sheshiluine ýles qosty, últtyq jәne memlekettik mәselelerge qatysty qanday bastamalar kóterdi jәne t.b. Mәjilis deputattary Quanysh Súltanov, Núrtay Sabiliyanov, Aygýl Solovieva, Baqytbek Smaghúl, Aldan Smayyldy mysalgha keltiruge bolady. Bir ghana Quanysh Súltanovtyng atqarmaghan qyzmeti joq: elshi, joghary lauazymdy basshy, deputat. Sol tamasha tәjiriybesin zang shygharushylyq qyzmetinde de paydalanyp keledi. Núrtay Sabiliyanovtyng Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysynyng týgelge derlik shalghaydaghy audan, auyldaryn aralap, halyqtyng mún-múqtajyn biylikke jetkizuining ózi ólsheusiz enbek emes pe?!. Bile bilsek, elimizding barlyq aimaqtarynan eng kóp hat alatyn deputat ta osy - N. Sabiliyanov. Bauyrjan Momyshúly turaly «Qaharman» atty kitap jazyp-shygharghan últjandy azamat, aughan soghysynyng ardageri Baqytbek Smaghúldyng últtyq, memlekettik mәselelerge kelgende ýndemey qalghan kezi joq. «Memlekettik rәmizderimizdi qorlaghandardy qatang jazalau ýshin, Qylmystyq Kodekske ózgeris engizuimiz kerek!» dep batyl mәlimdedi ol Parlament minberinen. Aldan Smayyldyng bir ózi ghana býkil qazaq ruhaniyatynyn, mәdeniyetining ózekti degen mәselelerin kóterip, onyng sheshu joldaryn jerine jetkizip kórsetip jýr. Nege ekenin bildmedik, bizding kóptegen әriptesterimiz osynday nәrselerdi ne kórmeydi, ne kórse de «qojayynynyn» aitqanynan shyqpay kózge ilgisi kelmeydi. Kerisinshe, jekelegen deputattardyng orynsyz, oqys mәlimdemelerin estip alyp, «týimedeydi týiedey etip» BAQ-da kórsetuge qúshtar. Olar ýshin halyqtyq sózin sóilegen deputattyng saualynan góri, jinalysta «úiyqtap» otyrghan deputattyng qylyghy qymbatyraq. Biraq, býite bersek «adam janynyng injenerlerinin» de, halyq qalaulylarynyng da qadirinen ne qalady?
Parlament degen sózding ózi fransuzshadan audarghanda «sóileytin jer», «sóileytin minber» degen maghynany bildiredi. Sodan shyghar, deputattar aldaryna esep beruge kelgen ministrlikter men vedomstvolardyng basshylaryna ótkir saualdaryn qoyyp, mәselening mәnisin qúzyrly adamnan estigisi keledi. Múnday jaghdayda keybir deputattardyng jekelegen ministrlerge ótkir saual qoyatyn kezderi de bolyp jatady. Alayda, onday «ayqaygha» jel berip, qanday da bir ministrlikting qyzmetindegi kemshilikti dabyraytyp halyqqa jetkizetin - jurnalister. Búdan kimge ziyan keledi? Eng aldymen, tútas bir ministrlikting qyruar júmysy kólenkede qalyp, kishkene kemshiligi algha shyghady. Gazet betinen nemese teledidar ekranynan múndaydy kórgen halyq: «E, búlar júmys isteuding ornyna, osynday jaman nәrselermen ainalysady eken!» degen pikirde qalady. BAQ-tardyng qoghamdyq pikirge yqpaly degen osy emes pe?
Mysal ýshin, Mәjilistegi eki Ýkimet saghatyn alayyq. Aghymdaghy jyldyng 17-shi qyrkýiegindegi Ýkimet saghatynda Mәjilis deputattary Auyl sharuashylyghy ministri Asyljan Mamytbekovke ózderin tolghandyrghan aluan týrli súraqtaryn qoydy. Ministr bolsa minberge shyghyp, ministrlikting atqaryp jatqan is-sharalaryn, kýn tәrtibindegi ózekti mәselelerdi ret-retimen bayandap berdi. Mәselen, deputat Ergen Doshaevtyn: «2016 jyly eksportqa 60 myng tonna et shygharamyz degen Elbasynyng tapsyrmasy oryndala ma?» degen saualyna ministr bylay jauap qayyrdy: «Endi qaranyz: siyr 9 ay buaz bolady, erkek búzau 18 aida ósip-jetiledi, yaghni, 27 aidan keyin et beredi. Búl baghdarlama ótken jyly ghana iske qosyldy. Qazir túqymdyq mal әkelip jatyrmyz. Búl baghdarlamanyng alghashqy nәtiyjelerin 2-2,5 jyldan keyin kóre alamyz. Biraq, nәtiyjesi bolatyny anyq. Qaghaz jýzinde mal basynyng kemu mәselesi bar, biraq búl - virtualdy kemu!». Atap aitarlyghy, 60 myng tonna et eksporttau baghdarlamasyna otandyq biznes qauymdastyq belsendi at salysuda. Auyl sharuashylyghy ónimderin óndirushiler ótken jyly mal basyn satyp alu sharalary boyynsha jospardy asyryp oryndady. Biylghy jylghy qarqyn da jaman emes. Mine, nәtiyje!
«Songhy eki jylda búl ministrlik jemqor sheneunikterding ordasyna ainaldy. Bas Prokuraturanyng qúqyqtyq statistika komiytetining mәlimetteri boyynsha, 2011 jyly 35 qyzmetker sottalyp, taghy 45-ine qatysty qylmystyq is qozghalghan. Jemqorlyq faktileri boyynsha 80 adamgha aiyp salynsa, sonyng ishindegi 20-sy basshylyqtaghy adamdar... Búl qashangha deyin jalghasady?», - dedi Múhtar Tinikeev. Jurnalistermen jýzdeskeninde búl saualgha Asyljan Sarybayúly: «Mening oiymsha, baghytymyz dúrys. Barlyq júmysymyzdy halyqaralyq standarttargha sәikestendirip jatyrmyz. Áriyne, búrynghy qalyptasyp qalghan mýddelerge ziyan kelude. Sonday mýddeler bir jerden bolmasa bir jerden osylay tesip shyghady!» dep jauap berdi. Búl jerde Auyl sharuashylyghy ministrligin basqa vedomstvolarmen salystyru dúrys emes. Mysaly, 2011 jyly jemqorlyqqa qatysty 35 adam sottalsa, sonyng ishinde 8-i ghana A. Mamytbekovtyng túsynda týrmege otyrghandar. Onymen qosa, songhy 2 jylda búl ministrliktegi jemqorlyqpen kýres kórsetkishteri jaqsaryp keledi. Eger 2011 jyly 35 qyzmetker sottalsa, al 2012 jyldyng 9 aiynda bar-joghy 13 adam sottalghan. 2010 jyly tәrtiptik jazagha tartylghandardyng sany 256 adam bolsa, búl kórsetkish 2011 jyly - 80-ge, 2012 jyly - 29-gha deyin azayghan. Yaghni, isting aq-qarasyn ajyratyp alu - ardyng isi. Múnday jaghdayda jurnalister qauymy mәselening mәnisine terenirek ýnilui kerek. Auyl sharuashylyghy ministrligining qúrylymy ýlken. Sondyqtan búl vedomstvonyng bólimsheleri kóptegen baqylaushylyq funksiyalardy atqarady. Mysaly, ministrlikte rúqsat beru proseduralary jetildirile týsude. 2011 jyldan beri úzyn-sany 54 memlekettik qyzmet týrlerining 48-ining standarttary bekitilgen. Aghymdaghy jyldyng aqpan aiynan beri astyqty eksportqa shygharudy liysenziyalau shegerildi. Ónim óndirushiler búrynghyday liysenziya alugha uaqyt júmsamay, shetelderge astyq tasymaldau ýshin tikeley kelisim-sharttardy ózderi jasaydy. Búdan basqa da ministrlikte atqarylyp jatqan is-sharalar jetkilikti. Al, jurnalister she? Ministrlikter men agenttikterding istegen isine, joghary jetistikterine basyn qatyrmaydy. Gazetke ótkir maqala (teledidardan ótkir sujet) beremin dep, bireuding sózimen tútas bir ministrlikti «kýielep» kórsete salady. Qalay desek te, múndayda kez-kelgen jurnalisting kәsiby sheberligi, zerdesi, әdebi kerek-aq.
Taghy bir mysal. Ádilet ministri Berik Imashev ta Parlamenttegi Ýkimet saghatynda ózi basqaratyn ministrlikting qyzmeti jóninde egjey-tegjeyli, sauatty týrde әngimelep berdi. Ministrding bayandamasynda әdilet salasyndaghy janalyqtar, mezgil mәseleleri keninen kórinis tapty. Elimizding әrbir azamaty ýshin manyzdy jәne qyzyqty nәrseler aityldy. Ókinishke oray, «qazanshynyng erki bar, qaydan qúlaq shygharsa» degen keybir jurnalister onday nәrselerdi halyqqa jetkizbedi. Kerisinshe, ministrding memlekettik tildi erkin mengermegenin synaghan deputattardyng әreketine ekpin týsirdi. Sonday-aq, bizding zandarymyzdyng býgingi zamannyng shyndyghyna say kelmeytini jiyi-jii synalatyny ras. Alayda, ondayda synaghysh júrt kýlli jahanda sonday qúbylystyng baryn esten shygharyp alady. Óitkeni, ómir ózgeredi, zang janarady. Zang eshqashan ómirding aldyna shyqpaydy. Yaghni, zamannyng ózgerisine qaray zandar da janaryp otyrady. Alayda, kóne dýniyening oishyly Seneka aitqanday, jazylmaghan keybir zandar jazylghan zandardan da qatalyraq. Yaghni, jurnalister qanday da bolmasyn úsaq-týiekting ózinde eng aldymen shynshyl bolugha mindetti.
BAQ-tarda obektivtilik prinsiypi degen úghym bar. Ony әr jurnalist ózining óresine, dengeyine qaray týisinedi. Keybir otandyq gazetter men telearnalar (attaryn atamay-aq qoyayyq) Qazaqstannyng әleumettik-ekonomikalyq ómirining kólenkeli jaqtaryn, yaghny qoghamdy «qaralap» bergenge әues. Olar ózderinshe «baspasózdi baqytsyzdyq asyraydy» degen tәmsildi ústanyp alghan. Olardyng kórsetetini - qiraghan ýiler, tartylghan sular, qyrylghan balyqtar, ýiilgen qoqystar, ýi-kýii joq sorlylar, janjaldasqan júrt jәne t.b. Bir sózben aitsaq, qúldyraghan qoghamnyn, ensesi týsken elding bet-beynesi. Múny kórip otyrghan kórermender de, oqyp otyrghan oqyrmandar da oilanyp qaluy mýmkin ghoy. Kýn sayyn elimizge keletin myndaghan sheteldikter teledidardaghy ýreyindi úshyratyn janalyqtardy kórip: «Shynynda da Qazaqstan osynday el eken ghoy!» dep oilauy bek mýmkin. Tang qalarlyghy, múnday BAQ-targha Qazaqstannyng jetistikteri jóninde әngimeleu, qoghamnyng janaruyn aitu - Aygha Jerden tikeley tas jol salumen bara-bar. Al, elimizdegi jana kәsiporyndardyng ashyluy, qabat-qabat ýiler men tas joldardyng salynuy, balabaqshalar men mektepterding kóbengi arqyly qoghamymyzdaghy jaghymdy ózgeristerdi júrtqa jetkiu - resmy jәne keybir erikti BAQ-tardyng mindetine ainalghan. Sonda obektivtilik, shynshyldyq prinsipteri qayda qalady? Óitkeni, jurnalister - biylik pen qoghamnyng arasyndaghy kópir ekenin esten shygharmauy tiyis. Kópir myqty bolsa, onyng biylik pen halyqtyng qarym-qatynasyna yqpaly da sonshalyq jaghymdy bolady. Eng manyzdysy sol, BAQ - qoghamnyng da ainasy, biylikting de baqylaushysy. Olay bolsa, sol ainanyng taza, baqylaushynyng әdil bolghany abzal.
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