Karlagta NKVD-nyng basshysy Genrih Yagodanyng da tughan-tuystary jazasyn ótegenin bireu bilse, bireu bilmes.

Qaraghandy men Qaraghandy oblysynyng ÚQK múraghattarynda №2133 ispen Karlagta jazasyn ótegen, ataqty qanypezer Genrih Yagodanyng apasy Frida Grigorievna Frindlyand-Yagoda jayly mәlimetter saqtauly. Ol «sýiikti inisi Genrihtin» 1937 jyly atu jazasyna kesiluinen keyin-aq tútqyndalghan. Frida Yagodany sol jyly 28 tamyzda NKVD-nyng jendetteri ústap, halyq jauynyng tuysy retinde qamaugha alady. Osylay 8 jyldy arqalap, aidaugha úshyraydy.

Frida Yagoda óz jazasyn Temniyk, keyinnen Segejskiy lagerlerinde óteydi. 1941 jyldan 1945 jylgha deyin ataqty Karlagqa auystyrylyp, «tozaq mekeni» retinde sipattalatyn orynda azapqa toly auyr kýnderin ótkizedi.

Ol inisi Genrih Yagodany revolusiyanyng qaharmany dep әspettep, kameralas dostaryna «Genrih revolusiya men Stalinge qaltqysyz qyzmet etti, al Stalin onbaghan bәrin satyp, bauyrymnyng týbine jetti» dep aityp otyratyn.

1946 jyly F.G.Grindlyand-Yagoda bostandyqqa shygharylyp, Qaraghandydaghy Jana qala audanyna qonystanady. Alayda 1949 jyly «halyq arasynda antiykenestik nasihat jýrgizdi jәne Kenes odaghy enbekshilerining túrmysyna qarsy júmys jýrgizdi» degen aiyppen qayta tútqyndalady.

Karlagta NKVD-nyng basshysy Genrih Yagodanyng da tughan-tuystary jazasyn ótegenin bireu bilse, bireu bilmes.

Qaraghandy men Qaraghandy oblysynyng ÚQK múraghattarynda №2133 ispen Karlagta jazasyn ótegen, ataqty qanypezer Genrih Yagodanyng apasy Frida Grigorievna Frindlyand-Yagoda jayly mәlimetter saqtauly. Ol «sýiikti inisi Genrihtin» 1937 jyly atu jazasyna kesiluinen keyin-aq tútqyndalghan. Frida Yagodany sol jyly 28 tamyzda NKVD-nyng jendetteri ústap, halyq jauynyng tuysy retinde qamaugha alady. Osylay 8 jyldy arqalap, aidaugha úshyraydy.

Frida Yagoda óz jazasyn Temniyk, keyinnen Segejskiy lagerlerinde óteydi. 1941 jyldan 1945 jylgha deyin ataqty Karlagqa auystyrylyp, «tozaq mekeni» retinde sipattalatyn orynda azapqa toly auyr kýnderin ótkizedi.

Ol inisi Genrih Yagodany revolusiyanyng qaharmany dep әspettep, kameralas dostaryna «Genrih revolusiya men Stalinge qaltqysyz qyzmet etti, al Stalin onbaghan bәrin satyp, bauyrymnyng týbine jetti» dep aityp otyratyn.

1946 jyly F.G.Grindlyand-Yagoda bostandyqqa shygharylyp, Qaraghandydaghy Jana qala audanyna qonystanady. Alayda 1949 jyly «halyq arasynda antiykenestik nasihat jýrgizdi jәne Kenes odaghy enbekshilerining túrmysyna qarsy júmys jýrgizdi» degen aiyppen qayta tútqyndalady.

Múraghat qújattarynda Frida Yagodanyng qay kezde ne sóilegeni, kimdermen aralas-qúralas bolghany t.b. turaly mәlimetter barshylyq. Krylov mektebi ústazynyng «F.G.Grindlyand-Yagoda ýnemi kóp júmys istep, az tamaqtanatyny, sharshaytyny turaly jii shaghymdanatyny» turaly pikirleri múraghatta saqtalghan. Kuәgerlerding jazuynsha ol Qaraghandynyng kiyim-keshek, azyq-týlikpen az qamtylatyny, dýkenderde bolatyn bitpeytin kezekter t.b. turaly ýnemi shaghymdanyp, aryzdanyp jýredi.

Osy atalghan sebepter Frida Yagodanyng taghy da on jylgha lagerge aidaluyna sebep bolady. Múraghatta saqtalghan ýkimde onyng asa qauipti qylmysker ekendigi jazylghan (Qaraghandy jәne Qaraghandy oblysyndaghy ÚQK múraghaty. №0456, 36 p.).

1949 jyly ol Stepnoy lagerige aidalady. 6 jyldan keyin raqymshylyq jasalady.

Frida әielding taghdyry mine osynday! Búl әiel de ózge aqyn, jazushy, sayasatkerler siyaqty Stalin zamanyndaghy qúityrqy sayasat pen jýiening qúrbany boldy. F.G.Frindlyand-Yagodanyng jeke qújatyndaghy mәlimetterden bayqaytynymyzday onyng taghdyry jaqsy ayaqtalady. 1958 jyly 24 aqpanda ol sauyqtyru qúqyghyn alady. Ol kezde onyng jasy 59-da bolady. Bayghús әiel ómirining 18 jylyn qanysher inisi qúrghan tajal shenberinde ótkizedi.

-       Iya, Genrih ýlken kýnә jasady, ol qanshama adamnyng qanyn moynyna jýktedi,- dep moyyndaydy ol. - Ol tek adamdardy atugha búiryq berip qana qoymay, Stalinning jaularyn azaptap óltiru ýshin u dayyndaytyn laborotoriya qúrdy. Aytyndarshy, mening ne jazyghym bar? Mening tughan-tuystarym men bauyrlarymdy ne ýshin azaptaydy? Biz bәrimiz Genrihti adamgershil etip tәrbiyeleu ýshin barymyzdy saldyq, oghan joghary medisinalyq bilim de berdik. Ony adamdardy óltirsin dep emes, dәriger bolyp adam ómirin qútqarsyn dep tiledik.

Osylay degen ol:

-  Bәrining kesiri - Genrihting biylikke qúmarlyghynda edi... Ol eshnәrsege kózi toymay, bolghan sayyn bolsam dedi. Kommunistik iydeologiya adamdardy ómirding ózi kýres dep ýiretti. Olardyng oiynsha qoghamnyng damuy taptardyng kýresinen túrady. Mening inimdi osy oy tәrbiylep shyghardy. Ol Stalinge qarsy shyqqannyng bәrin qyryp-jongdy kózdedi. Qojayynyna berilgeni ýshin ózine layyq syilyqqa da qol jetkizdi...

Genrih bolishevik partiyasynyng iydeyasynan basqagha senbedi. Tipti Jaratushynyng bar ekenine de senbey, naghyz ateist ekenin dәleldedi. Biraq keyinnen әrbir atu jazasynan keyin qúdaydan kýnәsin keshirudi tileytindi shyghardy.

Yagodanyng kýnәsi telegey-teniz bolatyn. Eduard Radzinskiy ózining «Staliyn: ómir men ólim» atty kitabynda bylay dep jazady: Ol alghashqy jyldary Leninning «Árbir partiyashyl chekist boluy tiyis» degen sózin «terendetip» «әrbir azamat chekist boluy qajet» dep týsindi. Osydan keyin adamdardyng bir-birining ýstinen jinaytyn aqparattary kóbeydi. Yagodanyng qatysuymen oryn alghan alghashqy aty-shuly is Donbass shahtasyndaghy «ziyankesterge» arnalghan «shahtashylar isi» bolatyn. 53 injener tehnikany býldiru arqyly kómir óndirisi men energetikagha ziyan keltiredi. Osylaysha olar beybit ómirdegi halyq jaularyna ainalyp shygha keldi. Yagoda Stalinning qolyn alyp, qoshemet estigennen keyin múnday is jalghasa berdi. Óitkeni «tap kýresi jalghasyp jatqan» edi.

Jýiening adamdy jazalaushy mehanizmi jәne adamdardy bir-birine aidap salu arqyly Yagodanyng dәureni jýrip túrdy. Osy arqyly ziyalylar men erkin oilylardyng bәri azap shekti. Onyng bastamasymen Troskiy, Kamenov, Zinoviev siyaqty serkelerge ýkim shygharghan «Prompartiiy», «iygostali» dep atalatyn aty shuly ister qaraldy. Atalghan túlghalar Resey territoriyasynda terroristik top qúru, Stalinge, partiyagha, memleketke kez-kelgen uaqytta qauip tóndiru faktilerimen jauapqa tartyldy. Shyn mәnisinde Troskiy, Kamenov, Zinovievter praktik emes, teoretikter bolatyn. Troskiy der kezinde shet el asyp NKVD-nyng shengelinen uaqytsha bolsa da qútylsa, Kamenov pen Zinoviev bolishevikterge degen songhy ýmitimen elde qalghan bolatyn. Búl senim ózin aqtamaytyn edi. Tergeushi Chertok Kamenevke «Sen nege shet elge qashpadyn? Sender qorqaqsyndar. Ony Leninning ózi aitqan. Eger biz senderdi bosatsaq, birinshi kezdesken komsomol jazalaryndy beredi. Eger senbesender olardan ózdering súrandar. «Kamenov pen, Zinoviev kim?» dep súrasandar, «Olar otannyng jaulary!» dep jauap beredi» deydi.

G.Yagoda Stalinge revolusiyanyng iri ókilderinen, partiya men KSRO-daghy iri bәsekelesterinen qútylugha kómektesken. Ol qojayynynyng núsqauymen Kuybyshev, Gorikiy, Menjinskiy, Chicherinderdi shyghystyng ataqty azaptap óltiru әdisterimen ajal qúshtyrghan.

Yagoda qúrghan azaptau abaqtylary men laborotoriyalary NKVD-nyng qúramynda kóp uaqyttar boyy saqtalyp túrghan. Búl oryndar qanqúily Ejov, Beriya jәne Abakumovtardyng dәuirinde de talaylardy opat etken...

ygoslaviya marshaly IY.Tito Stalinning yqpalynan shyqqan uaqytta ony óltiruding de joldary qarastyrylghan. NKVD-nyng laborotoriyasynda dayyndalghan tez әser etkish uly gaz KSRO elshisi Grigulevichting IY.Titogha syilaghan brilliant jýzigi arqyly iyesine jetedi. IY.Tito jýzik qorabyn ashyp, qolyna taqqannan keyin-aq ólim qúshady.

NKVD laborotoriyasynda dayyndalghan arnayy operasiya osylaysha ayaqtalady.

Stalin dәuirinde eshbir operasiya sәtsiz ayaqtalmaghan. Qazirgi tanda Yagoda iri túlghalargha ólim sebumen ghana emes, adamdardy jappay qyryp-joyshy retinde tariyhqa endi. Mәskeu-Volga kanaly qúrylysy kezinde Yagodanyng bastamasymen qanshama tútqyn júmysqa jegilip, azaptan ajal qúshqan. Osy qúrylystyng týbinde qanshama bozdaqtyng sýiegi jatyr. Azap lagerlerining Yagodanyng búiryghymen shamamen 3 milliongha juyq adam qaytys bolghan.

Stalin Genrihting júmysy bәribir kónili tolmaydy. Óitkeni onyng ólim laborotoriyasy «óte bayau qimyldaghan» bolatyn. Árbir troskiyshil men zinovievshildi tabugha úzaq uaqyt sarp etildi.

Yagodanyng bir ereksheligi bolghan. Ol әrbir «halyq jauyn» atqannan keyin oqtyng oqshantayyn alyp, «Zinoviev», «Kamenev» degen jazu japsyryp jәshikke salady. Bir kýni osyny Stalinge kórsetkende ol:

-  Bar-joghy bir jәshik qana ma? - dep súraghan eken.

Frindlyand-Yagoda ózining qanypezer Yagodanyng bauyry ekenin úzaq uaqyt boyy jasyryp kelgen. Ol familiyasyn súraghan adamgha «Frindlyand» dep jauap beredi. 1958 jyly sauyqtyru qúqyghyna ie bolghannan keyin ol ózining Genrihpen tuystyghy turaly ashyq aita bastaghan.

F.Yagoda ómirining songhy kýnderin Qaraghandydaghy «Túran-Álem» bankining qasynda Taysiya esimdi apasymen birge ótkizedi. 1959-1965 jyldary kýzetshi, injener-ekonomist bolyp qyzmet etken Maksim Maksimovich Shohor kitaphanada júmys istegen F.Yagodany enbeksýigish, әngimeshil dep suretteydi. Onyng atuynsha Yagodanyng otbasy týgel repressiyagha úshyrap, qyrylady. Anasy Mariya Gavrilovna 8 jyl Tomskidegi lagerge aidalyp, alghashqy sәtterde-aq jýregi shydamay qaytys bolady. Áyeli ózimen birge atu jazasyna kesiledi. 5 әpke-qaryndasy 8 jyldan kem emes merzimge týrli lagerlerge aidalyp ketedi. Múnyng bәri atalghan merziminen de úzaq qiyndyq kórdi. F.Yagodanyng 18 jylyn tar qapasta ótkizgenin mәsal ete alamyz.

G.Yagodanyng úly - Garik balalar ýiine ótkiziledi. Ol osy jerden Tomskidegi әjesi Mariya Gvarilovnagha eki ret hat jazady. Birinshisinde «Qúrmetti әje, ayauly apatayym. Sen mening jalghyzymsyn, men de sening jalghyzynmyn. Eger men ólmey, tiri qalsam, ýlken bolyp ósemin. Al sen ol kezde tipten kәri bolasyn. Men seni sol kezde asyraymyn. Sәlemmen Gariyk» dep jazsa, ekinshisinde «Qúrmetti әje, men әli ólmedim. Men saghan búryn jazghanymdy aityp otyrghanym joq. Biraq men talay ret ólip kelemin. Sәlemmen nemeren» dep jazghan.

F.Yagodanyng әpkesi Taysiyanyng Viola esimdi qyzy bolady. Sauyqtyrudan keyin óz qyzyn әreng degende balalar ýiining birinen tabady. Biraq ol osy uaqytqa keyin NKVD-nyng tәrbiyesin kórip, boy týzegen edi. Ol ózining anasy men tuystaryn «halyq jauy» retinde jek kórip, namystanatyn.

Taysiya Grigoriyevna jýregi qan jylap, qyzyn beri qaratu ýshin baryn salady. Aqyry sonynda ananyng qajyr-qayraty qyzynyng qatqan jýregin jibitedi. Viola Medisina uniyversiytetine týsip, keyinnen Leningradqa ketedi. Sol jerden anasyn qasyna shaqyrady. Anasy búl shaqyrudy quana qarsy alady. Biraq taghdyrdyng jazuymen qyzyna sәl jetpey, jalghanmen qoshtasady.

Frida Grigorievna da Qaraghandyda ómirining sonyna deyin qalmaydy. Onyng jýregi de qyzy ómir sýretin Gorikiy qalasyna tartyp túrady. Aqyry jolgha shyghyp, sol jerde qaytys bolady.

Stalindik jýie qanshama otbasyna qayghy әkelip, bala men anany bólip әketti. Qanshama adamnyng jýregi qan jylady. Jýieden ajal qúshqan adamnyng sanynda esep bolmady. 1956 jyly KPSS-ting HH sezinde Stalinning jeke basqa tabynushylyghy aiyptalyp, qughyndaghy talay azamattargha jenildik jasaldy. Kóptegen jәitting beti ashyldy. Ghalymdar әli kýnge deyin halyqqa qarsy nelikten jappay qughyn-sýrgin úiymdastyryldy, onyng qyrtysty tústary qanday edi, búl nege úlan-ghayyr atyrapty qamtydy degen saualgha jauap izdeude. Biz de osy saualgha bir sәt jauap izdep kóreyikshi.

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