HH ghasyrdyng 20-30 jyldarynda Kenes ókimeti qoghamdy qayta qúrudyng baghdarlamasyn jasaqtaghanda bilim beru isine, mәdeniyet pen ghylymnyng mәselelerine aitarlyqtay kónil bóldi. Sol tústa el túrghyndarynyng basym kópshiligi ne oqi, ne jaza almady, halyq sharuashylyghynyng barlyq salasynda maman kadrlardyng jetispeushiligi ótkir sezildi. Bilikti oqyghan mamandardyng tapshylyghy barlyq jerde, atap aitqanda, materialdyq-óndiris salalarynda da, әleumettik-mәdeny infraqúrylymdar da erekshe bayqaldy.

Qazaqstanda ekonomika men mәdeniyetting maman kadrlargha súranysynyng ósui tolyqqandy joghary oqu ornyndaryn ashugha erekshe yqpal etti. Sondyqtan da 1928 jyly Almatyda pedagogikalyq institut, 1929 jyly Almaty maldәrigerlik, 1930 jyly Qazaq auyl sharuashylyq, 1931 jyly medisinalyq, 1931-1932 jyldary Oral jәne Qyzylorda pedagogikalyq instituttary ashyldy. Respublikanyng mәdeny ómirinde erekshe oryn alghan  jaghday 1934 jyly  S.M.Kirov atyndaghy Qazaq memlekettik uniyversiytetining ashyluy boldy. Qazaqstannyng joghary oqu oryndary men tehnikumdary olardyng damu dәrejesi joghary bolghanymen, halyq sharuashylyghynyng kadr jónindegi qajettiligin qanaghattandyra almady, óitkeni olardyng kópshiligi әli qalyptasu satysynda, keybireuleri mýlde shaghyn bolatyn. Studentter men professor-oqytushylar qúramynda jergilikti halyqtyng ókilderining sany óte bayau ósti.

HH ghasyrdyng 20-30 jyldarynda Kenes ókimeti qoghamdy qayta qúrudyng baghdarlamasyn jasaqtaghanda bilim beru isine, mәdeniyet pen ghylymnyng mәselelerine aitarlyqtay kónil bóldi. Sol tústa el túrghyndarynyng basym kópshiligi ne oqi, ne jaza almady, halyq sharuashylyghynyng barlyq salasynda maman kadrlardyng jetispeushiligi ótkir sezildi. Bilikti oqyghan mamandardyng tapshylyghy barlyq jerde, atap aitqanda, materialdyq-óndiris salalarynda da, әleumettik-mәdeny infraqúrylymdar da erekshe bayqaldy.

Qazaqstanda ekonomika men mәdeniyetting maman kadrlargha súranysynyng ósui tolyqqandy joghary oqu ornyndaryn ashugha erekshe yqpal etti. Sondyqtan da 1928 jyly Almatyda pedagogikalyq institut, 1929 jyly Almaty maldәrigerlik, 1930 jyly Qazaq auyl sharuashylyq, 1931 jyly medisinalyq, 1931-1932 jyldary Oral jәne Qyzylorda pedagogikalyq instituttary ashyldy. Respublikanyng mәdeny ómirinde erekshe oryn alghan  jaghday 1934 jyly  S.M.Kirov atyndaghy Qazaq memlekettik uniyversiytetining ashyluy boldy. Qazaqstannyng joghary oqu oryndary men tehnikumdary olardyng damu dәrejesi joghary bolghanymen, halyq sharuashylyghynyng kadr jónindegi qajettiligin qanaghattandyra almady, óitkeni olardyng kópshiligi әli qalyptasu satysynda, keybireuleri mýlde shaghyn bolatyn. Studentter men professor-oqytushylar qúramynda jergilikti halyqtyng ókilderining sany óte bayau ósti.

Bastapqy kezende joghary mektepting eng ótkir jәne sheshilmegen problemalarynyng biri professor-oqytushylar men studentter qúramynda qazaqtardyng sany bayau ósti. Shyndyghynda Kenes ókimeti bilim beru mәselesin birsydyrghy sheshti, alayda ýrdisting manyzdy jaghyn joydasyz sayasattandyryp jiberdi.  Tәrbie men oqudyng basyna partiyalyq-taptyq prisipti qoydy.

Alghashqy besjyldyqtyn  «Kadrlar bәrin sheshedi» degen úrandy nauqannyng qyzghan kezinde jastar men komsomoldar bilim alugha úmytylushylardyng aldynghy leginde boldy.

Kezinde Jýsipbek Aymauytov últ bolashaghy oqyghan ziyalylardyng moyynynda ekenin aita kelip, oqyghan adamnyng últqa qyzmet qyluyn: «...Qazaqty tura jolgha bastaytyn da, adastyratyn da-oqyghandar. Oqyghanyn qazaq syilaydy, sonynan eredi, qadirleydi, senedi. Bilimdi, aqyldy, jaqsylyqty, ýlgini, tәrtipti, aqiqatty, әdildikti oqyghanynan kýtedi. Oqyghan adam qara halyqtyng iydealy(shyraghy), búqarasy sonsha qadyrlegenin oqyghany týsinu kerek, halyqqa qyzmet qyla bilmegen, ýlgi, shyraq bolugha jaramaghan oqyghan halyqtyng yqylasyn qayyrady, kónilin qaytarady. Halyqty ózinen alystatady, ósek arqalaydy, paydasy artyq tiymeydi»-dp kórsetken-di.

1925-1933 jyldary Qazaq ólkesin basqarghan F.IY.Goloshekin túsynda respublikada alasapyran qudalau nauqany bastaldy. Ýkimet basynda otyrghan qazaq ziyalylaryn әrtýrli «sәduaqasovshina», «mendeshevshina», «qojanovshina» siyaqty jikke bólu, iri baylar sharuashylyghy men jartylay feodaldardyng sharuashylyghyn konfiskasiyalau men jer audaru, kýshtep újymdastyru, qoghamgha «jat elementterdi» izdeu siyaqty nauqandar óris aldy.  Sol nauqanshyl qyzyl úrannyng ayasynda jýrgizilgen joghary oqu oryndarynan «jat elementterdi» izdestiru әreketi de tarihymyzdyng «aqtandaq» betterining biri.

Ákimshildik-әmirshildik jýie bilim salasynda iydeologiyalandyrdy. Partiya, komsomol jәne pioner úiymdary, oqulyqtar, múghalimder jas úrpaqtyng sanasy men minez-qúlqyna stalinizmning jattandy dogmalaryn sinirdi.

1929 jyly KSRO-nyng barlyq aumaqtaryndaghy joghary oqu oryndarynda oqyp jatqan qazaq studentterin «jat elementter» retinde aidar taghyp, oqudan shygharu nauqany bir mezgilde jýrgiziluining ózi san-saqqa oilargha jeteleytini de sózsiz. Oqudan shygharu mәselesi joghary oqu oryndary ornalasqan qalalardaghy qazaq jastarynyng jerlestik úiymdarynyng jinalystarynda qaralghan. Qazaq studentterin oqudan shygharu jóninde qúrylghan komissiyalar júmys jasaghan.

Qazaqstan Respublikasy Preziydenti múraghaty qoryndaghy saqtalghan qújattar sonyng aighaghy. Mysaly, 141 qordaghy saqtalghan №1 hattamada kórsetilgendey, 1929 jyldyng birinshi aqpanynda Tashkenttegi Orta Aziya uniyversiytetinde oqyp jatqan 263 student qatynasqan jinalys ótken.  Jinalysqa tóraghalyq etken Qazanghapov, hatshysy Ramazanov bolghan. Jinalystyng kýn tәrtibindegi mәsele Kenes ókimetine «jat element» studentterdi joghary oqu ornynan oqudan shygharu.

Jinalystyng barysynda Orta Aziya uniyversiytetinen H.Aqpaev, H.Isataev, IY.Dusetov, A.Asanbekov, A.Seydaliyn, H.Qarataev, Túrsynov, Bókeyhanov, R.Qoyaydarov, S.Qashqynbaev, N.Sultangereev, M.Buralkiynev, Q.Aqpaev siyaqty studentterdi «jat element» ókilderi retinde joghary oqu ornynan shygharu turaly sheshim qabyldaghan.

Komissiya bir qyzyghy, osy uniyversiytette oqyp jatqan H.Dosmúhamedovtyng qyzyn qaldyrugha sheshim qabyldaghan. Búl sheshimge keybir studentter óz narazylyghyn ashyq bildirgeni hattamada kórsetilgen. Mysaly, oqudan shygharylghan «jat element» H.Isataev jinalysta sóz sóilep: «Mening pikirim boyynsha komissiyanyng bizderge qatysty  shygharghan sheshimine jәne bizderdi oqudan shygharuyna kelispeymin. Kelispeytin sebebim komissiya óz tarapynan Kenes ókimetining jauy bolghan, alashordashylardy qorghaushy, Alash Ordanyng Batys bólimshesin basqarghandardyng biri Halel Dosmúhamedovtyng qyzy  Rabigha nege oqudan shygharylmaydy»,-dep ózining pikirin bildirgen. Búl pikirdi student Bókeyhanovta qoldaghan.

Búl kezde Rabigha Halelqyzy Orta Aziya uniyversiytetining medisina fakulitetinde oqityn edi.  Ol ýshinshi kursta oqyp jýrgende әkesi júmys babymen Almatygha auysty. Ákesi bir jyldan keyin oqudan shygharyp, Almatygha óz qasyna aldyrady. Rabigha Almatyda medisinalyq arnayy oqu orny bolmaghannan keyin Qazaq pedagogikalyq institutynyng biologiya fakulitetine oqugha týsti.

Búl nauqan Mәskeu qalasynda oqyp jatqan qazaq  studentterinde ainalyp ótpegen. Múraghattaghy saqtalghan qújattardy saralasaq tómendegidey jaghdaydyng kuәsi bolamyz.

1929 jyldyng 22 aqpan kýni «jat elementter» retinde Mәskeu qalasyndaghy joghary oqu ornyndaryn qazaq studentterinen tazartu, yaghny oqudan shygharu komissiyasynyng otyrysy ótken. Komissiya qúramynda Q.Tashtitov, Qojaqaev, Mýsiraliyev, Sizonov jәne hatshysy M.Dәuletqaliyev boldy. Q.Tashtitov keyin Qazaqstan Ortalyq komsomol komiytetining birinshi hatshysy boldy. 1930 jyly Moskvadaghy Sverdlov atyndaghy kommunisttik uniyversiytetin bitirgen. M.Dauletqaliyev qogham qayratkeri, 30-jyldardyng basynda asharshylyqtyng qazaq halqyna әkelgen zardabyn jenildetu ýshin tәuekelge bel buyp, batyl әreketke barghan beseuding biri. M.Dәuletqaliyev halyq sharuashylyghy institutyn  1930 jyly bitirgen.

Oqudan shygharylghan studentterding qatarynda Batys Alash Ordanyng belsendi mýshelerining biri B.Atshybaevta bar.

B.Atshybaev 1923 jyly Tau-ken akademiyasyna(qazirgi Gubkin atyndaghy Múnay instituty) oqugha týsken. Birinshi kursty ayaqtap, maman kadrlardyng jetispeushiliginen oqudan qol ýzip, 1923-1928 jyldary aralyghynda Mәskeudegi «Santoniyn» tresinde Is jýrgizu bólimining mengerushisi, «AROSPO» aksionerlik qoghamy tekseru komissiyasynyng mýshesi, «Kazkraysoyzdyn» Mәskeu ókildiginde ekonomikalyq tekserushi, RKFSR Joghary sotynda audarmashy bolyp júmys jasady. 1928 jyly Tau-ken akademiyasynyng múnay fakulitetining geologiya bólimshesine týsti. Komissiya B.Atshybaevty «ómir boyy student» retinde jýrgenin atay otyryp, ol 1923 jyldan osy oqu ornynyng studenti ekendigin, qazirgi uaqytta 2 kursta әli otyrghanyn erekshe atap ótedi. Qazaqstannyng oqyghan maman kadrlargha óte zәruligine qaramastan «alashordashy», «jat element» degen aiyppen Tau-ken akademiyasynan shygharady. Oqudan shygharylghan B.Atshybaev Guriev(Atyrau) qalasyna kelip, «Embimúnay» tresine qarasty geologiya-barlau kensesinde geolog, keyin dalalyq geologiyalyq-kartirovka seksiyasynynyng mengerushisi bolyp istedi.

Al 24 aqpan kýngi komissiyanyng otyrysynyng hattamasy negizinde 3 kurstan  M.Qalmenov, S.Bókeyhanov bastaghan 18 student oqudan shygharylghan.

M.Qalmenov halqymyzdyng qayratker úldarynyng biri, patshalyq Reseyding I Dumasyna deputat bolghan Alpysbay Qalmenovtyng balasy.  Keyin 1933 jyly Mәskeuden tau-ken injeneri mamandyghyn alady, Qiyr Shyghysqa joldamamen jiberiledi. Osynda óndiris júmystary kezinde, ýstine tas qúlap, qaytys bolady. Búl әuletting úrpaqtary úzaq jyldar boyy qughyn-sýrgin kórip, qudalandy.

Yazyazit (múraghat qújatynda osylay atalady, Bayazit boluy kerek) Óteghaliyúly Ibragimov  1927 jyly Timiryazov atyndaghy  auyl sharuashylyq akademiyasynyng agronomiya fakulitetine oqugha týsken. Komsomol qataryna ótken jәne memlekettik stiypendiya alyp túrghan.  NKVD-nyng qyraghy qyzmetkerleri onyng shyn tegi Tanashev ekendigin anyqtaghan, әkesi patsha zamanynda balyq ónerkәsibindegi iri kәsipkerding biri bolghan. Kezinde Tanashevtar әuleti Bókey Ordasy aumaghyna ghana emes, Resey imperiyasyna da ataghy shyqqan әulet. Qazaqtyng túnghysh dәrigerlerining biri M.Shombalov  әuletinen, osy akademiyanyng studenti Tayyr Shombalovta oqudan alystatyldy.

1-shi Mәskeu memlekettik uniyversiytetinen Túyaq Qaybaldiyn, al Serjan Shonanov halyq sharuashylyghy institutyndaghy oquynan shygharyldy.

Saratov auyl sharuashylyghy institutynda oqyghan Sh.D.Kýsepqaliyevta «jat elementting balasy» retinde oqudan quyldy. Onyng әkesi Dәuletshe Kýsepqaliyev joghary bilimdi alghashqy qazaq dәrigerlerining biri, Batys Alash Orda qayratkeri. Ataqty Núraly hannyng túqymy bolatyn. 1928 jyly kýz aiynda  «jartylay feodal»  retinde tәrkilengen. Tәrkileu turaly qújat joghary da atalghan múraghat qorynda saqtalghan.

«Jat element», «alashordashyl» dep aidar taghylyp, qughyndalghan búl azamattardyng kópshiligining taghdyry qayghyly ayaqtaldy.

...Sebebi, alda olardy qasiretti 1937-1938 jyldar kýtip túr edi.

Aqqaly Ahmet

H.Dosmúhamedov atyndghy

Atyrau memlekettik uniyversiyteti,

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