HH ghasyr Qazaqstanda tikeley újymdastyru 1929 jyly bastaldy. 1930 jyldyng 1 sәuirine deyin sharuashylyqtardyng 50%-y újymdastyrumen qamtyldy. Respublikalyq basshylyq F.I. Goloshekin búl әreketti Qazaqstandaghy «Kishi qazan» qajettiligimen tikeley baylanystyrdy. Újymdastyrudyng apatty saldary (on myndaghan jer audarylghandar men konslagerilerge sottalghandar, milliondaghan qúrbandar) kóshpeli halyqty josparly otyryqshy dep atalatyn jaghdaymen kýsheytti.

Sharuashylyq mәselesinen mýlde beyhabar partiya diyletanttary kolhoz ortalyqtaryna jýzdegen myng bas maldy shoghyrlandyrdy, kiyiz ýilerden taza oramdar men kósheler jasady. Qazaqtar qystaularynan quylyp, jogharydan tapsyryspen tigilgen kiyiz ýilerde joyylugha úshyrady. Ásirese Reseyding ortalyqtarynan kelgen «jiyrma bes myn» júmysshy júmys isteytin aimaqtarda shyghyn kóp boldy.

Sonyng saldarynan asharshylyq pen týrli indetterding saldarynan osy jyldary qazaq halqynyng 50 payyzy (2,5 mln.) qyryldy. Populyasiyanyng kóbengi toqtatyldy, jynystyq jәne jastyq qúrylym búzyldy. Búl býgingi kýnge deyin naqty kórinis beredi. 1929 jyly ortalyq ýkimetting tikeley qoldauymen Goloshekin respublika ýkimeti janynan Qonys audaru basqarmasyn úiymdastyrdy. Onyng Jarghysynda qonys audarushylargha arnayy jer qory bólinip, ol jerge bayyrghy últ ókilderin bekitu arqyly qúrylatyny, t.b. kóshpelilerdi jappay újymdastyru men jappay otyryqshylandyrudy jýzege asyru arqyly.

Biraz uaqyttan beri qazaqtar ýshin qayghyly saldary bolghan birqatar sheshimder qabyldandy. 1928 jyly 27 tamyzda QazSIK pen Qazaq AKSR Halyq Komissarlar Kenesining «Baylyq sharuashylyqtaryn tәrkileu turaly», sol jyldyng 13 qyrkýieginde «Tәrkileuge qarsy kýreskeni ýshin qylmystyq jauapkershilik turaly» birlesken qaulylary qabyldandy. Jәne iri jartylay feodaldyq baylardy quyp shygharu». 1930 jyly 19 aqpanda «Ýzdiksiz újymdastyru aimaqtarynda auyl sharuashylyghyn sosialistik qayta qúrudy kýsheytu jәne kulaktar ​​men baylarmen kýresu sharalary turaly» qabyldandy.

Búl zorlyq-zombylyq sharalaryna halyq keyde qoldaryna qaru alyp, ashyq qarsylyq kórsetti. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Jogharghy Kenesi Prezidiumynyng 1992 jyly 7 jeltoqsandaghy qorytyndylary men qaulysynda Qazaqstanda 1921-1931 jj. stalindik kýshtep újymdastyrugha qarsy qazaqtardyng 372 kóterilisi boldy, oghan 80 mynnan astam adam qatysty.

Olar әsirese Sozaq, Shemonaiha, Búqtyrma, Yrghyz, Qazaly, Qarmaqshy, Samara, Abyraly, Shynghystau, Qastek, Balqash, Shúbartau, Manghystaudaghy kóterilisting qayghyly zardaptarymen tanymal. Olar halyqtyng basqa respublikalargha, onyng ishinde shet elderge qonys audaruymen ayaqtaldy.

Sonymen, 1930 jyldyng basynan 1931 jyldyng ortasyna deyin Qazaqstan aumaghynan 281230 sharua qojalyghy kóship keldi. Olardyng edәuir bóligi Qytay, Iran, Aughanstan territoriyalaryna qonys audardy. Jappay asharshylyq jyldarynda Qazaqstannan 1 million 130 myng adam qonys audarsa, onyng 676 myny ýilerin birjola tastap ketse, tek 454 myny ghana elge oralghan. 1930 jyldardaghy GPU organdary jýrgizgen jazalau әreketterining nәtiyjesinde.

20 ghasyrda kóterilister men qozghalystargha qatysqany ýshin 5551 adam jauapqa tartylyp, onyng 883-i atylghan. Búl tek GPU jaghynan zardap shekken adamdar ekenin eskeriniz. Al olardyng qanshasy qolbasshylar men revolusiyalyq ýshtikterding qiyanatynyng kesirinen qaza tapty? Asharshylyq pen onymen baylanysty týrli indetterding saldarynan osy jyldar ishinde býkil qazaq halqynyng 49 payyzy qyryldy!

1931-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyqtan Qazaqstanda qansha adam ólgenin naqty eshkim bilmeydi. Qazaqstan búryn-sondy bolmaghan әleumettik eksperiymentting alyp synaq alanyna ainaldy.

Búl jerde Qazaqstan etnostarynyng dәstýrli ómir sýru jýielerin búzumen ayaqtalyp, aqyr sonynda «Artta qalghan halyqtardyng kapitalizmdi ainalyp ótip, sosializmge ótu mýmkindigi turaly» ortodoksalidi marksistik postulatty jýzege asyrugha qylmystyq әreket jasaldy. Adamzat tarihynda búryn-sondy bolmaghan apat tolyq aituga bolady.

Kerimsal Júbatqanov

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