Songhy kezde “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” degen sóz qaydan shyqqan? Sonda Manghystauda sonshama kóp әulie jatyr ma? Al solay bolghan kýnde, olardyng atyn atap, týsin týstep beretin adam balasy tabyla ma?” degen súraq júrtshylyq arasynda jii aitylyp jýrgenin qúlaghymyz shalyp jýr. Tipti búl sózdi kim bolsa sol qazbalap, kez-kelgen otyrystar men jiyndarda әngime arqauy etip, osy topyraqta tughan azamattardyng keybirin qajaghysy kelgendey synay tanytyp, týrtinektep otyrghanynyng da kuәsi boldyq. Sol sebepti býgin biz osy taqyrypqa qalam terbep, hal-qaderimiz kelgenshe oy órbitkendi jón kórdik Jәne ólke tarihyna beyjay qaray almaytyn óreli azamattardyng osy mәselege baylanysty oi-pikirlerin aitularyn súraymyz.Basy ashyq nәrse – “qalay deseng de, búl – qatyp qalghan sifr, ony eshqashan ózgerte almaysyn. Óitkeni Man­ghystauda osynshama әuliyening jat­qany ras. Oghan kýdik-kýmәniniz bolmasyn!” dep, “ayttym – bitti, kestim – ýzildi” pikir aitugha haqymyz joq. Búl – bar bolghany el auzyndaghy tirkes, fraza ghana. Sondyqtan “Sonshama әuliyeni bas-basyna úryp, kózinen tizgendey kógendep әkelip, sanamalap shyghatyn sanaly tirshilik iyesi bar” dep tújyrym jasaugha bolmaydy. Ol mýmkin de emes!

Songhy kezde “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” degen sóz qaydan shyqqan? Sonda Manghystauda sonshama kóp әulie jatyr ma? Al solay bolghan kýnde, olardyng atyn atap, týsin týstep beretin adam balasy tabyla ma?” degen súraq júrtshylyq arasynda jii aitylyp jýrgenin qúlaghymyz shalyp jýr. Tipti búl sózdi kim bolsa sol qazbalap, kez-kelgen otyrystar men jiyndarda әngime arqauy etip, osy topyraqta tughan azamattardyng keybirin qajaghysy kelgendey synay tanytyp, týrtinektep otyrghanynyng da kuәsi boldyq. Sol sebepti býgin biz osy taqyrypqa qalam terbep, hal-qaderimiz kelgenshe oy órbitkendi jón kórdik Jәne ólke tarihyna beyjay qaray almaytyn óreli azamattardyng osy mәselege baylanysty oi-pikirlerin aitularyn súraymyz.Basy ashyq nәrse – “qalay deseng de, búl – qatyp qalghan sifr, ony eshqashan ózgerte almaysyn. Óitkeni Man­ghystauda osynshama әuliyening jat­qany ras. Oghan kýdik-kýmәniniz bolmasyn!” dep, “ayttym – bitti, kestim – ýzildi” pikir aitugha haqymyz joq. Búl – bar bolghany el auzyndaghy tirkes, fraza ghana. Sondyqtan “Sonshama әuliyeni bas-basyna úryp, kózinen tizgendey kógendep әkelip, sanamalap shyghatyn sanaly tirshilik iyesi bar” dep tújyrym jasaugha bolmaydy. Ol mýmkin de emes!

Degenmen, búl jaydan-jay aityla salgh­an әngime de emes. Ony da eskeru kerek. Dana halqymyz dalbasalap, auzyna kelgenin sandalyp, aitargha sóz tappay qalghan eshtenesi joq. Nemese kez kelgen bos bylshylbay, bósteki әngimeni jadynda jattap, qadym zamandardan beri, qanshama ghasyrlar boyy qasterlep, osy kýnge deyin jetkizbeydi. El sanasy – estigeni men kórgenin elep-ekshep, qatang syn men qatal talqydan ótkizip baryp, eng bir aqiqatqa jaqyn aibozym sózderdi ghana úrpaqtan úrpaqqa úlastyryp, zamannan zamangha, qoghamnan qoghamgha qaymaghyn búzbay, saf tap-taza qalpynda sary altynday saqtap, jetkizip otyrghan. Biz bilsek, búl tirkes Manghystau topyraghynyng qasiyettiligin menzegen halyq yqylasyn bildiretin, shynayy sezimge toly shyn jýrek týbinen shym jibekshe shiratylyp, sýzilip shyqqan sózding sóli, maqaldyng mәiegi, qanatty sózding qany sorghalaghan shyndyghy sekildi. Sondyqtan búl jerde tyrnaq astynan kir izdep, “Sol ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeni jiktep-jiliktep, sanap ber!” dep sanasyz súraq qoyyp, iә bolmasa, “Endeshe, onyng – ótirik. Ýsh jýz alpys eki әulie shyn mәninde joq bolsa, búl sóz nege aityl­ghan? Demek, búl – qyzdy-qyzdymen qymyz iship, qymyrangha toyyp alghan әldebireuding jelpinip otyryp, jeligip aita salghan әngimesi” dep, jel sózge erik beruding de qajeti joq. Halyqtyng senimi men nanymyn, aruaqtar men әuliyelerge degen ystyq yqylasyn, qasiyet pen kiyege degen qaltqysyz kónilin qadirlep, baghalay bilgen jón.

Osy orayda biz osydan on bir jylday búryn jaryqqa shyqqan (al búl kitap onyng aldynda 7 jyl búryn, 1993 jyly jazylghan bolatyn) “Beket ata” atty kitabymyzdyng “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” atty betashar tarauyna qaytadan oralyp soqqandy jón kórip otyrmyz. (Óitkeni odan bergi uaqyt ishinde sol kezdegi oi-tújyrymdarymyz ben kózqarasymyz da kóp ózgere qoyghan joq).

“…Manghystau sonadaydan

tozanytqan,

Jýregin talay erding qobaljytqan…”.

Osy bir el auzyndaghy eki auyz eski әn joldarynda qasiyetti Manghystaudyng Qaroyyn mekendep jatqan ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyening aruaghy men sesi atoylap túrghan sekildi. “Asyly, Man­ghystaudyng jer kindigi ekeni ras bolar. Ýsh jýz alpys eki әulie búl ólkeni tekten-tek jerlenip jatqan joq. Bir qasiyetti bilip jatyr ghoy” degen búryn­ghylardyng sózderi búl kýnderi qay-qaysymyzdy da qasiyetti Manghystaugha tәu etip, bas iige mәjbýr etedi.

Talantymen talaydy tamsandyrghan tarlan aqyn Uәiis Qayralapov:

…Bastan keshken jortuyl,  joryqty kóp

Ayta almaymyn “er halyq qoryqty” dep.

Halyq anyz qylady “Manghystauda

Ýsh jýz alpys әulie bolypty” , –

dep nege tolghanyp, tolqydy deysin?!

Qolpashtaghangha qolq ete týspeytin, qol­qalaghanda qolyna dombyra almay, shiki­reyip, shirenip te qalmaytyn Qosymbaev Melstin:

…Qara jer de tisin maghan qayrasyn,

Qasqighanda iyilmeydi Ay-basym.

Ýrip-ýrip qalamyn ba it bolyp,

Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliye, qaydasyn?! – dep alasúrghanynyng astarynda da “aytpay bil” aqiy­qat, “ishing bilsin” iltipat, shynyraudaghy shyndyq jatyr.

Birde “ýsh jýz alpys әuliye”, endi birde eki sany ýs­temelenip, “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliye­li Manghystau” delinip jýrgen halyq auzyndaghy qanatty sózding qalay bolghanda da, qapysy joq. “Atalghan sannyng sanatyna kire­tin aruaqtardyng aty-jónin alaqangha salghanday etip aiqyn atap, anyq sanap shyqqan adamdardyng arghy-bergi tarihta bolghandyghy ayan” dep boljauymyz­gha negiz de joq emes. Biraq býginde olardyng esim­derin jatqa bilip, jatqyzyp-órgizetin kómbeli keude, kóregen kisi joqtyghy taghy da ras. Qalay ekenin qay­dam, bizding estip-bilgenderimiz ekin­shi tirkesting aqiqattyghyna at baylata beredi. Yaghny “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” degenimiz jón shyghar.

Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliye! Nege tek qana ýsh jýz alpys eki? Nege bes jýz alpys eki nemese bes әulie emes?! Nege ekenin qyryq birinshi perishtemiz Keneshan biler, biz bilsek, múnda bir múhittay tereng syr bar. Halyq qaraptan-qarap “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” dep aita salmaydy. Anyq kimder ekeni belgisiz, atyn atap, týsin týstep berer kisi bolmasa da, búldyr-búldyr búrynghydan kelip jetken búl sózderding astarynda astronomiyalyq aqiqat, jaghrapiyalyq jalpylyq, ónerge tәn ólshem, әdebiyettik әdipteu, matematikalyq dәldik bar. Qazaqsha ait­qanda, qasiyet bar!

“Manghystau týbeginde 362 әulie ómir sýrgen” degen sóz ras pa? Búl turaly boljamdargha qalay qaraysyz?” degen súraqty 1999 jyldyng qarasha aiynda 60 jas­qa tolghan toyyn atap ótu ýshin elge kelgen saparynda әigili jerlesimiz Ábish Kekilbaevqa qoyghanymyzda, ol kisi ózi tuyp-ósken ónir – Myrzayyr-Basqúdyq jerinde túryp, asyghys sapar kezi, atýsti bolghandyqtan, oilanyp-tolghanyp jat­pas­tan qys­qa qayyryp, bizge bylay dep ja­uap bergen edi:

“Búl turaly boljamdargha keler bolsaq, “360 әuliye” sózi basy Mekke-Mәdinadan bastap, ar jaghy Sinay týbeginen kele jatqan dәstýr – “Qúdaydyng 360 kýnining iyesi bar” degennen shyqqan boluy kerek” dep esepteymin. Alghashynda Sinayda, onyng bergi jaghynda “Mekke-Mәdinanyng janynda 360 әulie jatyr” degen esep bolghan. Bir kezderde әr taypanyng ózining piri bolghan. Sol pirlerding barlyghy “әuliye” dep sanalghan. Sol dәstýr barlyq Orta Aziya territoriyasyn mekendegen halyqtar siyaqty bizding Úly Túrangha da kelip jetken boluy kerek. Bәlkim, ol dinnen de búrynyraq jetken boluy mýmkin. Keyin taza Islam dini kelgende, sol dәstýrdi jalghastyryp әketken. Bizding Islam dinining erekshe bir týrleri bolghan. Onyng eng erekshe jetilgen týri – sufizm. Sufizm – Shyghys filosofiyasynyng eng ýlken tarmaqtarynyng biri. Osy aghymnyng jolyna týsip, Týrkistan, Búharadan taraghan shәkirtter búl ilimdi jer-jerlerge taratqan.

Al Manghystaugha keler bolsaq, Man­ghystau – sonau pútqa tabynushy, kiyege tabynushy zamandardan bastap ýlken kiyeli oryndar ornalasqan jer. Óitkeni Manghystaudyng osy jatqan landshafty, jer renkining ózi osyghan iytermeleydi. Adam, ejelgi adam ózinen kýshtige, ózining ruhy jeter-jetpesin bilmeytin jerlerge tabynghan. Shyndyghynda da, alghashqy adamdardyng eng bir toqyrasqan, úshtasqan jeri – osy Atyrau (Hazar, Kaspiy – R.Q.) tenizining manayy. Sondyqtan da búl jerlerdegi әuliyelerding kóbi – sol alghashqy adamdar zamanynan bermen qaray kele jatqan kiyeli oryndar. Sony osy manaygha soqqan barlyq dinder ózderine menshiktep, әr jerge ózderining әuliyelik belgilerin ornatqan. “Manghystaudyng oiynda – 360 әuliye” sózining ar jaghyndaghy eng týpki manyzy osynday” dep esepteymin men. Biraq onyng bergi jaghynda osy jerdi jaylap jatqan elderding barlyghy, onyng ishinde bizding qazaq halqy da osy ólkeni jaulap alu kezeninen bastap ózining kósem­derin әulie tútqan. Búl túrghydan kelgende, Manghystaudyng oiynda shyndap kelgende 360 emes, myndaghan әulie jatuy mýmkin..”.

Bala shaghynan bolashaghyna jol salyp, elu jyldan astam uaqyttan beri el tarihyn zerdelep kele jatqan kemenger Kekilbaevtan asyp biz de eshtene aita almaymyz. Desek te, ghúlama jazushynyng tereng bilimdi, parasatty pikirine qosyla otyryp, el ishinde jii aitylyp jýrgen “Ertede búl jerge sonau Arabiyadan músylman dinin taratu maqsatymen 362 shәkirt kelip, jerlenipti. “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” sózi sodan qal­ghan” degen pikir de bar ekenin aita ketkendi jón kórdik. Biraq arghy tegi sol din taratushy qojalardyng túqymy Ahmethan Omar qajy búl pikirge ýzildi-kesildi qarsy bolyp: “Mekke-Mәdinadan 362 shәkirt sonday maqsatpen shyqqan kýnning ózinde, barlyghy birdey bir jerge kelip, shoghyrlanyp qalyp qoyy mýmkin emes” degen óz oiyn aitty. Týbek tarihynan az-kem habarymyz bar ekeni bolmasa, din tarihynan anau aitqanday tereng sauatymyz bolmaghandyqtan, biz búl pikirge de tóre­lik aita almaymyz. Qalay desek te, Resey men Ýndistandy, Parij ben Pekindi jalghap jatqan Úly Jibek jolynyng altyn-kýmis, asyl zattar ar­qalap shúbyrghan, tekshe-tekshe teng tiyegen kiyeli keruenderin óz ýstinen ótkizip jatqan ólkenin, Isantýbek, Bozashy, Týpqaraghan atty ýsh týbekten túratyn bir týbekting búl da bir – kýni býginge deyin kýrmeui sheshilmey kele jatqan kýrdeli týiinderining biri.

“Kir juyp, kindik kesken kiyeli qazyq – atajúrtta jaqsylyghymen jan bitkenge jarqyn ýlgi bolyp ketken atyshuly әu­liye­ler arghy-bergide az ótpegen” desedi. Aqyndardyng jýregi­ne alapat shabyt, aqteniz tasqyn әkelgen atameken Man­ghys­tauda, әiteuir, әuliyeler әuleti ómir sýrip, ósip-ónip, órken jayyp, órbigeni ótirik emes.

U.Qayralapovty qaytalap sóiletsek,

Oylandyryp, oyatyp oi-sanany,

Halyq sózi kónilge oy salady.

Qazir de el bireudi qúrmettese,

“Ol adam әulie ghoy” dey salady”, – degendey, ekining birinin, elding auzynda aitylyp jýrgen “Ólkeden shyghyp, óner qughan óreli azamat Ábish Kekil­baev ýsh jýz alpys ýshinshi әuliyemiz bolady” degen qaljyny aralas halyq yqylasy, mandayaldy azamatyna Man­ghystau elining ýlken senim bildirip, ýmit artuy әste kezdeysoq emes. Mú­nyng ózi týbek júrty týgel jatqa biletin “Manghystauda ýsh jýz alpys eki әulie bar” degen nemese “Manghys­taudaghy әuliyeler sany – 360, qyrda – Beket, oida – Sanazarmen 362” degen qaghidanyng qatesizdigin aighaqtay týse­di. Demek, “Ýsh jýz alpys әuliyeli Man­ghystau” sózi bertinde emes, Beket atanyng zamanynan da әride aitylghan әngime boluy kerek.

“Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyening úzyn sanynyng úshyghyna shyghyp, “mynau, mynau” dep barmaghyn býgip, sausaqpen sanap bererlik sarabdal kónil jan joq” ekeni de aqiqat. Eshkim olardyng eshqaysysyn aspandaghy aidy núsqaghanday ap-ayqyn etip aityp bere almasy haq. Alayda tanymal tarihshy Serikbol Qondybevtyn: “Halyq arasynda aitylyp jýrgendey, týbekte 362 әulie ber eken. Mәsele – olardyng dәl sanynda emes, olardyng bar ekendiginde” dep jazghanynday, әngime olardy tizip jazyp, tin tartyp órgizude emes, bar ekenin moyyndap, basyndy iyip, baghalauda emes pe?!

Naghyz әulie qaysysy, naqty kimder ekenin, birnesheuin ghana atay alghanymyz bolmasa, biz de bilmeymiz. Áy­teuir “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Man­ghystau” degende, aldymen auzymyzgha Shopan ata, Shaqpaq ata, Qoshqar ata, Qaraman ata, Qangha baba, Kentti baba, Súltan Epe (“Súltan Ýfi” dep te jazylyp jýr), Siysem ata, Masat ata, Sislam ata, Temir baba, Altyqúlash әuliye, Beket ata, Bekbauly ata, Berdaly әuliye, Mәti әuliye, Mynkisi ata, Asar súpy, Dolan apa, Esenaman, Úlanaq, Qalyng Arbat, Danysman, Aqshora-Beltúran, Qyz әuliye, Esmәmbet ata, Qalipan, Ýshtam, Ýshqatyn qorymdary, Bala әuliye, Baraq әuliye, Shilkóz әuliye, Jal­ghyzaghash әuliye, Qúlbaraq, Qússhy, Qúrmanaly әuliye, Áuetalyq әuliye, t.b. ondaghan qasiyet iyelerining attary týseri anyq. Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyege qosyla ma, joq pa – ol jaghyn biz bilmeymiz (óitkeni, “Ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” degen sóz búlar ómir sýrgen kezennen búrynyraq tughan boluy da yqtimal), búghan agha­yyndy, tumalas túlghalar Aynazar men Sanazar, Kipiya men Kiljan, Nesibek pen Núrdy da qosynyz. Nemese keremettigining kemi joq Sәduaqas baba, Aytqúl ata, Esimqúl esepshiler she?! Sonday-aq keyin tughan, keshe ghana ótken kisiler Orazmaghanbet ishan, Aydar ishan, Týite ahun, Núrniyaz ahun, Erjan haziretterding de әuliyeligining kemi joq, búlar da qúr adamdar emes. Búghan әlginde Ábish aghamyzdyng dualy auzynan shyqqan dúghaday sózdegi “..onyng bergi jaghynda osy jerdi jaylap jatqan elderding barlyghy, onyng ishinde bizding qazaq halqy da osy ólkeni jaulap alu kezeninen bastap ózining kósemderin әulie tútqan..” degen oiyna den qoyyp, jýzdegen qol bastaghan kósemder men sóz bastaghan she­shen­derdi qosatyn bolsaq, әuliyening aldy mynnan asyp jyghylyp, әrige ketui mýmkin.

Qazirgi kýni adam jerlengen eski qorymdar men ata-baba qoyymshylyqtarynyng bәrin halyqtyng “әuliye”, “әuliyelik oryn” dep ataytynyn eskersek, sol túrghydan qarastyratyn bolsaq, Man­ghystaudaghy әuliyelerding sany ýsh jýz alpys eki әulie týgili, ýsh myng әuliyeden de asyp ketui kәdik.

Sondyqtan “ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” sózine kýdikpen qarap, kýmәn keltiruge de, “әrbir әuliyeni tizbelep, sanamalap shygham” dep, ónbeytin isti quudyng da keregi joq.

Manghystau qanshama ghasyrlar boyy “ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystau” dep atalghan jәne solay bolyp qala beredi de. Al onyng asqaq baghasyn týsirem dep astamshylyqqa baryp, tyrashtanudyng keregi joq. Odan týk te shyqpaydy. Sa­yyp kelgende, búl – sol qasiyetti ólkeni mekendep, jerlenip otyrghan jergilikti halyqty jәne olardyng nanym-senimin, kózqarasy men ata dәstýrin, salt-sanasyn syilamaghandyq bolyp shyghady. Al múnday abyroysyz isting aqyry qashanda jargha jyghary sózsiz.

Qalay bolghanda da olar (әuliyeler) – Qúday bergen qasiyetining arqasynda siz ben bizge qaraghanda Alla Taghalagha bir taban jaqyn túrghan erekshe qa­siyet iyeleri. Ony moyyndau kerek.

“Bәzbireuler aitty eken, jaghasyna jarmasty eken” dep, ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli Manghystaudyng ýreyi men súsy, ataghy men aibyny eshqashan alasarmaq emes.

Endeshe, mәrtebeng mәngilik biyik bolsyn, ýsh jýz alpys eki әuliyeli, qasiyetti Manghystau!!!

Rahat QOSBARMAQ,

Qazaqstan Jazushylar odaghynyng mýshesi.

Abai.kz