Islam ómir filosofiyasy, qoghamnyng әrbir mýshesining eng úly kisilik, qúndylyq iyesi bolyp qalyptasuyna, adamdy sýiyge, әdilet, adaldyq, basqa dinge qúrmet pen tózimdilik týsinigin egetin din dep týsinemiz. Sol ýshin islamnyng tarihyn, jýrip ótken jolyn, ózimizding osy joldaghy ata-babalarymyzdyng islam órkeniyetine qosqan ýlesin tanu arqyly bilu bizding býgingi paryzymyz. Biz últtyq tәuelsizdigimizdi bayandy etu maqsatynda qoghamdaghy әrbir adamgha jalpy adamdyq qúndylyqtardy, islamnyng negizderin uaqyt pen kenistik talaby shenberinde týsindirumen qatar, islamdaghy ziyandy aghymdardyng negizgi strategiyasyn, mýddesin qoghamdyq payda túrghysynan ashyp kórsetuimiz qajet.

Islam ómir filosofiyasy, qoghamnyng әrbir mýshesining eng úly kisilik, qúndylyq iyesi bolyp qalyptasuyna, adamdy sýiyge, әdilet, adaldyq, basqa dinge qúrmet pen tózimdilik týsinigin egetin din dep týsinemiz. Sol ýshin islamnyng tarihyn, jýrip ótken jolyn, ózimizding osy joldaghy ata-babalarymyzdyng islam órkeniyetine qosqan ýlesin tanu arqyly bilu bizding býgingi paryzymyz. Biz últtyq tәuelsizdigimizdi bayandy etu maqsatynda qoghamdaghy әrbir adamgha jalpy adamdyq qúndylyqtardy, islamnyng negizderin uaqyt pen kenistik talaby shenberinde týsindirumen qatar, islamdaghy ziyandy aghymdardyng negizgi strategiyasyn, mýddesin qoghamdyq payda túrghysynan ashyp kórsetuimiz qajet.
Qazirgi tanda qoghamymyzda ghasyrlar boyy qalyptasqan dәstýrli qazaq músylmandyghyn islamgha jat dýniyetanymdaghy jeke aghym retinde kórsetu beleng alyp barady. Qazaqtyng dәstýrli diny týsinigin synap, onyng negizgi ústanymdary men iydeyalaryn joqqa shygharu әreketi kózge týsedi. Yaghni, diny tanymdaghy әrbir úghym, kategoriya, simvoldar men túghyrlardyng Qúranda oryn almaghandyghy negizgi ólshemge ainaldy. Tarihy qúndylyq kózine ainalghan, dәstýrli músylmandyq týsinigimizding ainasy bolghan Iasauy múrasyn aksiologiyalyq qabyldau ayasynan shygharugha úmtylatyn kýshter nemese toptardyng belsendiligi kózge týsedi. Búqaralyq aqparat qúraldarynyng din men sayasat araqatynasyna nemqúrayly qarauy jәne dindi sayasy toptardyng qúralyna ainaldyruy da negizgi faktor. Álemdik jaHandyq qúbylyspen birge kele jatqan islamofobiya, terrorlyq әreketting dinge, islamgha negizdeluine kózjúmushylyq, týsine almaushylyq siyaqty psihologiyalyq kedergilerding barlyghy jalpy alghanda diny tanymgha tirelip otyr. Qoghamymyzda syrtqy jәne ishki toptardyng әreketi arqyly tarihy sabaqtastyqqa, sanagha qarsy júmys jýrgizip, ótken tarihymyz ben diny tәjiriybemiz turaly teris pighyl tudyryp jatyr. Sopylyq týsinigine qarsy shyghu degen býkil tarihymyzgha, mәdeniyetimizge, sayyp kelgende, qazaq halqynyng tarihyna qarsy shyghu bolyp tabylady. Óitkeni, Iasauiyden bastap Asan Qayghy, MәshHýr Jýsipke deyingi qazaq danalary sopylyq mәdeniyet negizinde oy tolghady. Búl – qazaqtyng dәstýrli músylmandyq týsinigining ainasy – sopylyq filosofiya degen sóz.
Býgin uahabiylik jolyndaghy missionerler qazaq músylmandyq týsinigine onyng tarih boyy jinaqtalghan, bolmysqa ainalghan, týsinik tanymyn joqqa shygharyp baghuda. Búl degeniniz zardaby keshegi kommunistik iydeologiya jýrgizgen últsyzdandyru sayasatynan da asyp týsetin qasiret. Búlar qazaqty býgin ghana músylmandyqty qabyldaghan el siyaqty kórsetip, ózderin taza islam atynan, key jerlerde Allanyng atynan sóilep halyqty qalypty diny senimi men tanymynan bezdiruge júmys jýrgizip jatyr. Demek olar qazaqtyng san ghasyrlyq tarihy men diny tәjiriybesin joqqa shygharudy maqsat etken. Búl naghyz revolusiyalyq tendensiya. Al islamnyng ruhynda revolusiya emes, evolusiya ghana bar ekendigin neosalafiyler sezinbeydi de. Tek ózderining tanymyn ghana tyqpalay beredi. Yaghni, erkin súhbatqa emes, psihologiyalyq qysymgha negizdelgen ruhany ekspansiyasyn jýrgizip otyr. Búl zayyrlylyq ústanymyna qayshy әreket. Olar Qazaq músylmandyq týsinigindegi әuliyelerge qúrmet, molalardy qasterleui, ólikke eskertkish ornatuy, zikir jasauy, túmar taghu – olardyng islamgha әkelgen biydghattary dep qaraydy. Búl qoghamdy qayshylyqtar men kelensiz jaylargha aparyp soghuda. Muzyka, teatr, óner, tuylghan kýn toylaudy haram, kýnә dep esepteydi. Búlar, uahaby aghymyndaghylar ýshin Allagha serik qosu (shirk) jәne dinge janalyq qosu (biydghat). Mine osynday qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining negizderi joqqa shygharylyp shyndyghynda bizding ata-babalarymyz qay islam dinine sengen? Degen psihologiyalyq tanymdyq qobalju tuatyndyghy sózsiz. Uahabiylerding týsinigindegi «kәpir» úghymyna qazirgi Qazaqstan halqynyng 100 payyz kiredi. Uahhabiylik aghymnyng ereksheligi – senim mәselesinde fanatizmge boy aldyrsa, ózinen basqa týsiniktegi músylmandargha ekstremistik óshpendilikpen jauap beredi. Mysaly, eger bir adam Qúdaydyng qúly retinde Alla zanyna (sharighatqa) emes, konstitusiyagha baghynsa, ol adam Bir Qúdaygha senu formulasyn búzghany ýshin «kóp Qúdaygha tabynushy» (arabsha – mýshrik, kәpirding bir týri) atanady. Uahabiylik «ilimdi» ústanushylardyng pikirinshe, ajaldy pendeler oilap tapqan konstitusiyagha baghynu arqyly ol adam konstitusiyany Qúday zanyna tengerip, ony jazghan adamdardy Qúdaygha sanaghanmen birdey kýnә jasaydy. Búl degeniniz qúday betin aulaq qylsyn erteng olar Qazaqstanda eli ishi býlik shygharugha negiz bolatyn iydeologiyalyq kenistik jasap jatyr. Olar kórshilerin osy pәtua arqyly tonap kete beretin bolady.
Jalpy kenestik rejim kezinde túqymy sebilgen uahabiylik tendensiya ótken ghasyrda KSRO qúlaghan song postkenestik elderding ishki tynyshtyghyn búzu ýshin «ilim» retinde Orta Aziya elderi men Kavkaz aimaghyna kirgizildi. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde búl diniy-sayasy doktrina Sheshenstan men Ózbekstandaghy, Qyrghyzstan men Tәjikstandaghy talay qaruly qaqtyghystar men janjaldardyng shyghuyna basty sebep boldy. Búl qúbylystan Qazaq eli de tys qalmasyna kuә bolatyn uaqyt ta tayap qalghan sekildi. Oghan býgingi diny ahualgha saraptama jasaghanda kóz jetkizip otyrmyz. Sonymen uahabiylik jalghan salafiylik tendensiya aqyldan kóri sezimge beriletin, oilaugha emes, elikteushilikke úmtylatyn naghyz fundamentalistik baghyttaghy islamofobiya qúbylysyna qyzmet etetin jaldandy toptar. Búlardy der kezinde memlekettik dengeyde baqylap tiyisti sheshimder arqyly tizgindemesek, erteng qazaq bolmysynan airylyp, din dep arab mәdeniyetining soyylyp soghyp ketuimiz ghajap emes.
Biz keshe ghana músylman bolghan el emespiz. Dәstýrli diny tirshiligimizdin, әriyne, músylmandyq negizdegi bastauy qarlúqtardyng M.751 jyly arabtarmen tize qosa otyryp, Syrdariya men Balhash kólining arasyndaghy Talas boyynda qytaylardy Úly Týrkistan topyraghynan quyp shyghuymen tikeley baylanysty. Mine sodan beri týrikter aralarynan әl-Faraby (870-950), Ibn Sina (975-1037), әl-Buhary (hadisshy), әl-Maturidy (kalamshy) (944), Ahmet Iasauy (1103-1166) siyaqty ghúlamalardy ómirge әkelip, bilim, mәdeniyet, filosofiya, óner ókilderi retinde islam órkeniyetinen óz oryndaryn aldy. Týrik-islam mәdeniyeti men órkeniyeti HI-HII ghasyrlardaghy Qarahan memleketi kezindegi týrik tilinde jazylghan enbekter arqyly óz bolmysyn naqty kórsete bastady. Mine, búl kez-kelgen mәdeniyetting ózining damuy men janghyruyn tól tili arqyly ghana jýzege asyratyndyghyn kórsetetin týrkilik renessans dәuiri bolatyn. Búl jaghday týrki halyqtary ýshin dindi oqytu men úghynudyng negizgi ústanymdarynyng irgetasyn qalady. Sol kezdegi týrik dalasynda, yaghni, Otyrar, Isfidjab, Balasaghún, Yasy, Sauran, Syghanaq, Shash, Sýtkent, Jent, Vesiyj, Kudur, Shilji, Otluk, Ózkent jәne Mauarannahr qalalarynda H ghasyrdan bastap týbegeyli islamdyq ilimderding damuy baghytynda tәlim-tәrbiyelik ordalardyng – medrese, tekkelerding ornyghuymen birge qoghamdyq, ruhaniyattyq, moralidyq-etikalyq prinsipterimen ekonomikanyn, saudanyng damuyna negizdelgen jana memlekettik sipattaghy jýieler qalyptasa bastady. Mysaly, Sayram qalasy sol kezdegi Abbasidter halifatynyng shekarasy bolghan. Isfidjabtan islamdyq fiyqh (qúqyqtanu) mektebining hanafy mazhabynyng kóptegen ókilderi shyqqan Isfidjab sayasi, ekonomikalyq, sauda qolóner ortalyghy bolumen qatar, qala H ghasyrda músylman dinin sol aimaqqa jәne Deshti Qypshaqqa taratu ortalyghy da bolghan. Balasaghún, Ózkent qalalaryndaghy medreseler týrikter arasyna islamdyq ghylymdardy taratyp, dindi týsindirushiler (mufassirler), hadisshiler (muhaddister), islamdyq qúqyqshylar (fakihter) tarihshylar (muarrihter), tilshiler (mantiyq(iyn)shylar) men әdebiyetshilerding (adibterdin) ósip-jetiluine yqpal etti. Osy dәuirlerde Qúrannyng alghashqy audarmalary men týsindirmeleri jasalyp, әsirese qúqyqtanu (fikh) salasynda hanafy fikhynyng (qúqyq mektebinin) Sarahsi, Bazdaui, Dabusy men Marghinany siyaqty ókilderining enbekteri týrikterding hanafy mazhabyna kiruine әser etti. Býgingi diny psihologiyalyq jәne tanymdyq mәselelerding sheshilui men memlekettiligimizding tarihy әri órkeniyettik negizderi men ústanymdaryn qúndylyq retinde sezinu, tanu ýshin de dәstýrli diny tirshilikting bastauy bolghan Qarahandyq kezeng men Iasauy mәdeniyetining janasha zerttelui kezek kýttirmeytin mәsele bolyp túr. Búl – negiz, Qazaqstandyq dintanu men teologiyalyq bili berudegi eng basty iydeyalyq әri ústanymdyq jelisi bolmaq.
Adamzat tarihynda memleket ózining quatyn dinnen alyp, dindi qorghau maqsatynda óte qatang sharalar qoldanghan, sonymen qatar memleket dindi óz baqylauynda qysyp ústap, eng soraqysy dinsiz qogham ornatqan kezender de bolghan. Zayyrlylyq tek qana qúlshylyq pen senim bostandyghy nemese memleket pen dinning ózara ajyratyluy ghana emes. Zayyrlylyqtyng negizgi maqsaty jeke túlghany dinderding jәne iydeologiyalardyng qysymynan qútqaru ekendigin biluimiz kerek. Búl túrghydan kelgende Qazaqstandaghy diny ekstremistik baghyttar, «salafiyler» men hristian missionerlerge óz azamattaryn berip qoi, baqylausyz qaldyru memleketting qauipsizdigine qanshalyqty ziyan ekendigin bireu bilse, bireu bilmeydi. Qazirgi qoghamdaghy «salafiylerdin» barlyq is әreketteri qogham qauipsizdigine keri әserin tiygizip otyr. Zayyrlylyq memleketting demokratiyalyq, rasionaldy ústanymdargha negizdeluin bildiredi. Al islamda jogharyda aitqanday «din adamy» nemese «din adamy emes» degen bólektenu nemese status, «kasta» bolmaghan. Olay bolsa, respublikalyq jýiedegi memleketterdegi «zayyrlylyq» ústanymyn әsirese, islam órkeniyeti men mәdeniyetine etene jaqyn nemese sol mәdeniyet negizinde qúrylghan memleketter ózindik kommentariy jasau arqyly biylik pen qogham arasyndaghy ýilesimdilikti qamtamasyz etuge úmtyluy kerek dep oilaymyn. Sebebi islamda meshit Batystaghyday shirkeu siyaqty bola almaydy. Óitkeni shirkeu katolikterde ruhany biylik retinde dinning resmy ókili. Al islamda meshitting shirkeu siyaqty Allanyng atynan biylik jýrgizetin missiyasy joq. Sondyqtan Batys pen Shyghys nemese hristiandyq pen islam arasyndaghy basty erekshelikterdi negizge ala otyryp zayyrlylyq ústanymyn ózimizding memlekettilikting bayandylyghy men qauipsizdigi ýshin ózindik tekste qayta tújyrymdaugha qúqylymyz degen oidamyn.
Zayyrlylyq bilim men ghylymgha, erkin oigha sýiengen ústanym. Sondyqtan dinge qarsy bolu nemese dinge soghys ashu degen maghynagha kelmeydi. Jeke túlghanyng jeke isine, senimine, ot basymen qayshylyqqa týspeydi de dindarlyghyna da aralaspaydy. Laisizmdi dinsizdik dep úghynu ony dúrys týsinbeu degen sóz. Sondyqtan zayyrlylyq degende onyng ishki jәne syrtqy funksiyalaryn ózindik tekstpen qoghamgha týsindiru qajettiligi bar dep esepteymin. Onyng ýstine ótken jyly qabyldaghan jana zanymyzda osy «...zayyrly el» degen tirkesting ishki mazmúny men ústanymdyq funksiyalaryna týsindirmeler jasalu kerek dep esepteymin. Ol týsindirmeler de mәdeni, tarihy sana men dini, órkeniyettik tәjiriybemizdi eskerip jasaluy tiyis. Sebebi din qúbylysy kiyeli, moralidyq tújyrymy bar, diny ghúryptyq qyrymen qosa, aksiologiyalyq senim men qúlshylyqtar instituty.
Zayyrly elde memleket dinge aralaspaydy degen sóz, dinning iman, qúlshylyq, diny oqu jәne oqytu isterine kedergi bolmaydy, sonymen qatar belgili bir dinning jeteginde de ketpeydi degenge sayady. Olay bolmasa, Qazaqstan siyaqty halqynyng 70 payyzy músylman elde halqynyng diny qajettilikterin qanaghattandyrugha kómektespeydi degen sóz emes. Sonymen laisizm ólshem, tepe-tendikti qamtamasyz etetin jýie. Búl jýiede din men memleket ózara avtonomdy ómir sýrui tiyis. Biraq Qazaqstanda ghylymy túrghydan rasionaldy dengeyde zayyrlylyqtyng anyqtamasy jasalynbasa, zang jәne qúqyq kitaptaryna engen jana termin retinde ýlken qayshylyqty pikirtalas tudyruy mýmkin. Ol ýshin búl ústanymgha memlekettiligimizding bayandylyghyn negizge alatyn jana funksiyalar ýstep, qayta tújyrymdau shart degen oidamyn. Eng aldymen memleket pen din arasyndaghy qatynas naqtylanuy tiyis. Búl qatynas zayyrlylyq arqyly naqtylanghan. Biraq, búl jerde memleketting dinge degen tarapsyzdyghy, din isine aralaspaytyndyghy ghana pash etilgen. Al din fenomeni men memleket arasynda eshqanday baylanys kórsetilmegen. Kez kelgen demokratiyalyq elding zannamasyna nazar audarsanyz, din baby óz aldyna bólek qaralady. Sodan keyin baryp, diny birlestikter, tirkeu jәne baqylau prinsipteri jәne olardyng týsindirmeleri oryn alady. Bizding zanda keshegi kenestik ústanym qalyp qoydy. Ondaghy sekulyarizm ústanymyndaghy, ghylymy ateizmdi negizge alghan keshegi kenestik jýie zany ýshin din jeke fenomen retinde qabyldanbaghandyqtan, jeke din babynyng qajeti bolmady. Olar tek qoghamdaghy diny kórinisterdi, minez qúlyqty ghana esepke aldy. Bizding býginge deyin qoldanyp kelgen zanymyz da keshegi kenestik jýieden qalghan miras bolatyn. Qazaqstan memlekettiligining negizinde qazaq mәdeniyeti jatyr, tili qazaq tili deytin bolsaq, onda, Qazaqstan, tarihy ontologiyalyq túrghydan islam dinindegi memleket dep kórsetip, basqa әlemdik dinderdi de qúrmetteytindigin engizuimiz kerek. Búl zayyrlylyq ústanymynyng retteushilik qyzmetining jandanuy degen sóz. Zayyrlylyqtyng retteushilik qyzmeti qazaq elining memlekettiligining bayandylyghynyng kepili bolady. Sonda qaptaghan missionerler men konfessiyalardyng qarqyny azayady. Tirkeu isinde de zang negizinde jana týsindiruler men talaptar payda bolady. Ekinshi zayyrlylyq ústanymy últtyq qúndylyqtardy kýsheytuge baghyttalu kerek. Islam dini ýshin din, millәt jәne ýmmet kategoriyalary birtútas qaralady. Búl onyng әlemdik, adamgershilik, bauyrmaldyqty, beybitshilikti pash etetin din ekendigining kórinisi. Degenmen, songhy kezderi ummetshilikting jasyl jalauyn jelbiretkisi kelip, birtútas halifat qúrghysy keletin diny toptardyng sayasaty men yqpaly bizge de az әser etip otyrghan joq. Sonymen qatar búl qyzmet demokratiyalyq týsinikting ýstem boluyna da kómektesedi. Sebebi, halifa, halifalyq degen týsinikter «Allanyng orynbasary, jerdegi ókili jәne solardyng qúrghan memleketi» degenge sayady. Ýshinshiden, negizinen demokratiyalyq qoghamda, respublikalyq jýiedegi memlekette ghylymy tanym men diny tanym basqa tanymdyq instituttargha qaraghanda basym bolyp, ózara paralleli bәsekelestik jaghdayynda bolady. Osy bәsekelestikti rettep otyratyn negizgi tetik zayyrlylyq prinsiypinde jatyr. Búl jerde diny senim men diny tanym arasyn ajyratyp kórsetu kerek. Diny senim dogmagha, ayangha al, diny tanym adamnyng bilim alu mazmúnyna, tәjiriybege, ómir sýrgen ortasyna, jamaghat mýsheligine qatysty qalyptasady jәne býgingi ghylym salalary arqyly damidy. Mine osy eki tanym arasyn rettep otyratyn da zayyrlylyq ústanymy boluy tiyis. Sonda qoghamdaghy baqsy, balger, tilenshi duanasy, dýmshe moldasy, qaptaghan tәuip pen kóripkelderding halyqty aldauyna jol bermey, ghylymy rasionaldy әdisterding órkendeuine jol ashady. Ári din ghylymy da damidy. Tórtinshiden, diny tanym әr tekti bolady. Sondyqtan әrbir diny tanym diny aghymdardyng qalyptasuyna negiz bolyp, olardyng arasyndaghy psihologiyalyq qayshylyqtardy terendete týsedi. Ár top óz jolyn basqa aghymdaghylargha qaraghanda aqiqat dep biledi. Búl qúbylys qordalanyp eki top arasyndaghy diny óshpendilikke aparyp soghady. Búdan da soraqysy eki diny top qoghamdaghy eki sayasy aghym nemese partiyanyng qúralyna da ainalyp ketui mýmkin. Búl islam tarihynda jii oryn alghan qúbylys. Sondyqtan osynday әrtektilik pen tanymdyq qayshylyqtardy rettep otyratyn zayyrlylyq ústanymynyng qyzmetine qajettilik bar. Besinshiden, din ar, ojdan, jýrekting mәselesi. Búl mәsele tikeley adam men Alla arasynda ghana tarazygha tartyluy tiyis. Songhy kezde keshegi jetpis jyldyq ateistik rejimning saldaryn algha tartyp, kóptegen mazhabtar men diny aghymdar óz qataryna qysymmen, zorlyqpen qaratudy da әdetke ainaldyrghanyn estip qalamyz. Al islamnyng mәninde zorlyq joq. Qúranda «la ikraha fid diyn» ústanymy osynyng aighaghy. Olay bolmaghan jaghdayda din sayasat qúralyna ainaldy dey beriniz. Adam erki taptalady. Onyng da jaratylghan bolmys ekendigi ekinshi kezekte qalyp, jamaghattyn, diny toptyng yqpalynda kete beredi. Mine osy qúbylysty shektep otyratyn da zayyrlylyq ústanymy. Altynshydan, zayyrlylyq ústanymy qoghamda bilim beruding tútastyghyn qamtamasyz etui shart. Jogharyda aityp ótkendey memleket pen din araqatynasy rettelgen kez kelgen memleketterde diny bilim beru memleketting qúzyryndaghy is. Sonda ghana ne ekseng sony orasyn. Memleket din isterine aralaspaydy, ne oqysa oqy bersin deseniz, búl memlekettik qauipsizdiginizge nemqúrayly qarau degen sóz. Odan da soraqysy búl memleketting qolymen qoghamdy bólshekteu degen sóz. Sondyqtan bilim beruding kez kelgen týri ol dini, sayasi, kәsiptik, tehnikalyq jәne t.b. bolsyn memleketting qarauynda boluy shart. Jetinshiden, osy zayyrlylyq ústanymyn syltauratyp, keybir alpauyt elder, bizdegi kóptegen din ókilderin súq sausaghymen kórsetip, memlekettigimizge, últtyq tәuelsizdigimizge qol súqqylary keledi. Zayyrlylyq pen demokratiyany bir dep kórsetkileri keledi. Zayyrlylyq pen qúqyqtyq memleketti bir dep kórsetkileri keledi. Búl әriyne sayasy oiyn. Ár memleketting ózining tarihi, mәdeny bolmysyna baylanysty qogham qajetin qanaghattandyratyn qúqyqtyq normalaryn eshkim joqqa shyghara almaydy. Búl tabighy qúbylys. Biraq búl normalar osy qoghamgha qatysty immanentti, al halyqaralyq qúqyq standarttaryna trassendentti bolyp tepe tendik saqtap otyrady. Sebebi Qazaqstan jabyq qogham bola almaydy. Sol siyaqty әrbir memleket ýshin zayyrlylyqtyng da ózindik kommentariii bolatynyna dau joq. Búl kommentariy әrbir memleketting tarihy, mәdeniyeti, dini, jalpy bolmysy negizinde jasalady. Zayyrlylyq ústanymyn qayta qarap, memlekettik jәne qoghamdyq qauipsizdik túrghysynan týsindirer bolsaq, onda qoghamymyzdaghy kóptegen hristian dinine qatysty sektalar syrtqy basqaru ortalyqtarynan qol ýzgen bolar edi.
Biraq islamda diny jәne dýniyauy ister eki bólek bolsa da, negizinen sayasat ta, din de ózara tyghyz baylanysty. Dindi búrys týsinuden tuyndaghan birneshe problemalardyng eng basynda keletini osy sayasat mәselesi. Din jәne sayasat baylanysynan tuyndaghan keybir mәselelerding tarihta da, býginde de ózektiligi jalghasyp keledi. Din jәne sayasat arasynda din jәne sayasat qatynasyndaghy tepe-tendikting bolmauy tek músylmandar ýshin ghana emes, barlyq dinderde kezdesedi. Osy túrghydan alghanda Qazaqstanda din jәne memleket qatynasy men din jәne qúqyq baylanysy tóniregindegi mәseleler talqylanghanda eki týrli qatelikterge boy aldyryp jatqandyghyn bayqaugha bolady. Birinshisi búrynghy kenestik jýieden qalghan qúqyqtyq sana jalghasyp otyrghandyghy (din túrghysynan), ekinshisi qazaq dәstýri men saltyn joqqa shygharyp, Qúran men sunnagha oralu aghymy beleng alyp otyr. Birinshi mәsele boyynsha qatelik, negizinen, din qúbylysynyng qoghamdaghy orny men róline ghylymy bagha berilmeuinen, sabaqtastyqty dәstýrli diny tәjiriybege sýiengen diny tanym men qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining negizderi men erekshelikterine mәn bermeushilikten tuyndap otyr. Al ekinshi mәselege qatysty, mazhabty joqqa shygharu túrghysynan óte yqpaldy jaqtastary bar sayasilanghan aghymgha ainalyp, taqyr jerge qaytadan islamdanudy negizge alghan «negizsiz tújyrymdama». Diny tәjiriybe tarihyndaghy әuliyeler men mazhab qúrushylaryn joqqa shygharyp, yaghny býkil tarihty mansúqtap, әrbir músylmannyng Allanyng kitabyna tikeley jýginui nasihattalyp jatyr. Nәtiyjede, sózdik maghynasymen audarylghan mәtinderde ózderine «qajetti» sóz alynyp, bolmasa oghan ýsteme maghyna jýktelip, ruhany ústaz, mazhab ústyndaryn elemey, Qúrannan tikeley ýkim shygharu, fatua beru, ijtihad erkindigi modagha ainaldy. Abaysha aitqanda «Bas basyna mýfty bolu» beleng alyp barady. Múnday islamdaghy revolusiyashyl psihologiyanyng eng basty mәseleni úmytqandyghy kórinip túr. Ekstremist, fundamentalisterding shyghuy men islamnyng sayasilanuynyng oppozisiyalyq úrangha ainaluynda, dәstýrden airylyp qalu, uaqytqa say naqty metodologiyalyq ústanymsyz Qúrangha, Sunnagha jýginuding de әseri bar. Bizde dini, sayasat, qúqyqtyq negiz jәne zayyrlylyq ústanymynyng funksiyalarynyng naqty anyqtamasy jasalynbaghan. Al qoghamda adamdar sóz ben uәjder arqyly oilanady. Naqty memlekettik tәjiriybe, institut bolmaghandyqtan әr top ózinen ýstem, biylikke ótimdi toptyng aldynda eziluden qútyla almaydy. Din jәne memleket baylanysynda múqiyat boluy tiyis nәrse - әrbir oi, teoriya jәne praktikanyng artynda qúndylyqtar jýiesi men rasionaldy shyndyq bazasynyng jatqandyghy. Islamnyng negizgi ústanymy boyynsha halyqtyng ózin-ózi basqaruy, adam qúqy, oy erkindigi qamtylghan. Qúran adamdardyng Alla erkine say tirshilik etui ýshin negizgi ústanymdar men normalardy kórsetken. Al búl ústanym men normalar әr kenistikke qaray adam erkine qaldyrylghan. Bayqap qarasanyz islam qúqyghy funksiyalar jiyntyghy siyaqty. Qúranda bar ma, joq pa? - degen súraq payghambar kezinde әbes emes edi. Dәleling bar ma? Qúranda ne bar? jәne t.b. súraqtar qazirgi tanda Qazaqstanda negizgi ólshemge ainaldy. Olardyng osy súraghynyng ózi olardyng diny tanymdyq erekshelikterin kórsetedi. Yaghny qazaq músylmandyq týsinigining negizindegi Hanafy fikh mektebining metody, ústanymy men iydeyasyna say emes degen sóz. Boluy tiyis súraq, Qúranda bar ma joq pa emes, Qúrangha say ma, teris pe deseniz, búl naghyz Hanafy Mazhabynyng metodyna say bolghanynyz. Týiindey kele, býgingi mәselelerdi sosiologiyalyq perspektiva túrghysynan qarastyru qajet. Islam dini de ýkim bergende qoghamdaghy qúbylys arqyly әreket etudi ústanym retinde qabyldaydy. Payghambar da әrbir qúbylystyng sebep-saldar baylanysyn negiz retinde alghan. Mysaly, qoghamdaghy kelensiz ahualgha birneshe bolymsyz sebepter ýderis arqyly tap bolsa, ol eger anyqtalsa, onda sol bolymsyz sebepterdi ózgertu kerek ekendigi ózdiginen ortagha shyghady. Qúrandaghy «qogham ózi ózgermeyinshe, Alla ol qoghamdy ózgertpeydi» (13/11) ústanymyna nazar audarsaq, qogham moralidyq, sayasy qúndylyqtary jәne qúrylymdyq túrghydan qanday jaghdayda bolsa, memleketting de, dinning de qúrylymy sol qoghamgha ýilesimdi bolady. Saldardyng ózgerui - sebepting ózgeruine baylanysty. Al memleket - maqsaty jaghynan qoghamdyq jýienin, әdilettin, qoghamdaghy iygilikterding ýstemdik etuin qamtamasyz etetin sayasi, әleumettik qúrylym. Demek, memleket funksiyasy jaghynan profandy, yaghny osy dýniyege qatysty. Biraq sol memleket ózining qúrushy azamattarynyng túlgha retinde aqiyretpen qatysty senimderining osy dýniyedegi kórinisterimen ainalysugha mәjbýr. Sonymen qatar, memleket óz qúrushylarynyng senimi, mәdeniyeti men bolmystyq qúndylyqtaryn әleumettik ómirding jýielenuinde negiz retinde aluy tiyis. Olay bolmaghan jaghdayda memleket qúrushy elementter әleumettik jýieden taba almaghan qúrylymdy ansaumen, memleketke qarsy top qúrugha bet alady. Búl - memleket, qúndylyq jәne sayasat teoriyalarynda bar tújyrym. Osy psihologiya eskerilmese ornyn memleketten tys kýshter alyp qoiy yqtimal. Qazaq eli óz tәuelsizdigin alghaly da biraz jyldyng jýzi boldy. Qúdaygha shýkir, elimiz jyl sanap nyghayyp, әlemdik qauymdastyqta óz ornyn belgilep te aldy. Oghan bireuler qyzygha qarasa, endi bireuler qyzghana qarap jýr. Áriyne, ol Elbasymyzdyng jýrgizip kele jatqan syndarly sayasatymen baylanysty ekendigine eshqanday dau joq. Biraq, bizde bәri jaqsy, tynyshtyq dep aitugha әli erte. Óitkeni, úzaq jyldargha sozylghan otarlyq búghau men ateistik tәrbie halyqtyng jaqsy men jamandy, aq pen qarany, adal men aramdy ajyrata alatyn týisikterin joyyp, kózsiz kóbelekke ainaldyrghany ashy da bolsa shyndyq.
Al islam atyn jamylyp kelgen uahabiya, "hizb at-tahriyr", «tablighy jamaghat», «ahmadiya» siyaqty t. b. aghymdardyng sonyna ergender qanshama. Qazirgi kýni Qazaq memleketining memlekettik tútastyghyna basty qauip osy aghymdar әreketinen tuyndap otyr. Qazaq halqynyng ghasyrlar boyyna qalyptasqan diniy-ruhany kózqarasy men mәdeny múralary osy aghymdar tarapynan ayausyz soqqy kórude. Qazirgi kýni qazaq halqy ózderining diny kózqarastaryna qaray әrtýrli topqa jiktele bastady. Al, 2004 jyldyng sәuir aiynyng tórti kýni Tashkentte bolghan jarylystar qarsanynda Týrkistan qalasynyng bazarynda halyqty Ózbekstan preziydenti I. Karimovke qarsy kýreske shaqyrghan ýnparaqtar taratylady. Jarylys bolghan kýni Shymkent qalasyndaghy Qoshqar Ata meshiti aldynda "hizb at-tahriyr" mýsheleri halyqty ózbekterge jәrdemge barugha shaqyrady. Arys qalasynda osy top mýsheleri milisiya bólimine baryp, Ózbekstangha baru ýshin qaru beruin talap etedi. Búl faktiler el ishindegi diny ahualdyng qauipti shepke jaqyndap qalghandyghynan habar beredi. Múnday jaghday 80-shy jyldar sony men 90-shy jyldar basynda Ózbekstanda qalyptasqan edi. Meshitter "hanafiyler meshiti", "uahabiyler meshiti" bolyp ekige bólinip ketken bolatyn. Ózbekstan ýkimeti búl bólinushilikti әli kýnge qalpyna keltire almay, kýshpen basyp otyr. Tәjikstanda jaghday ushyghyp birneshe jylgha sozylghan qandy shayqasqa úlasqany belgili. Biz de sol kórshilerimizding qateligin qaytalaghymyz kelmese, el ishindegi diniy-ruhany ahualdyng odan әri shiyelenisuine jol bermeuimiz kerek. Ókinishke qaray, jaghdaydyng kýrdelenip bara jatqanyna alandaushylyq bildiruding ornyna, keybir oblys, audan әkimshilikteri, kerisinshe, onday faktilerdi býrkemeleuge tyrysuda. Býgingi kýni Qazaq halqy qaytadan shanyraq kóterip, jeke Tәuelsiz memleket bolghanda sol iritki qazaq halqy arasyna qayta týsip otyr. Búl keselding aldyn alyp, әreket etpesek, tarihtaghy qatelikti taghy da qaytalauymyz mýmkin. Óitkeni, kez-kelgen syrttan kelgen ruhany aghymnyng basty nysanasy qazaq halqynyng ghasyrlar boyyna tirnektep jinaghan ruhany múrasy men mәdeniyeti bolmaq. Al, mәdeniyetinen, ruhany tireginen airylghan halyq óz memlekettiligin ústap túra almaytyndyghy dәleldeudi qajet etpeytin aksioma.
Uahabiylik iydeologiyanyng Orta Aziyagha kelui, búl iydeologiyany jergilikti músylmandardy dәstýrli diny tanymy men mәdeniyetinen aiyrudyng qúraly retinde paydalanbaq bolghan Kenes ókimetining sayasatyn da ashyp kórsetu asa qajet. Olay bolmasa, uahabiylikting Kenes ókimeti ydyraghannan keyin tez taralu sebepterin týsine almaydy. Uahabiylik әlem músylmandaryna qauip tóndirip otyrghan basty dini-iydeologiyalyq baghyt bolyp otyrghanyn, uahabiylikti qabyldau kez-kelgen halyqtyng dәstýrli mәdeniyetinen ajyrata alatyn quaty bar býldirgish ekenin týsindiru jәne ol aghymnyng jahandanu ýderisinde transúlttyq korporasiyalardyng qolyndaghy dini-iydeologiyagha ainalyp otyrghanyn jastar sanasyna jetkizilui tiyis.
1. Dәstýrli diny rәsimder imamdar tarapynan tәrk etilude. Búl, әsirese, janazalau kezderinde airyqsha bayqalady. Mәselen, mәiit jóneltu sәtinde, marqúmdy jerlep bolghannan song qyryq qadamnan keyin oqylatyn qúrandargha maqsatty týrde tyiym salynuda. Osy qúrandardyng oqylmauyn janaza shygharghan imam qatang baqylaydy. Ghasyrlar boyy oqylyp kele jatqan osy qúrandargha rúqsat bermeu arqyly imamdar kópshilik týisigine ata-babalarymyz din jóninen nadan bolghan eken degen úghymdy tyqpalauda. 2. Zayyrly qoghamda din qyzmetkerlerining memleket isine aralaspauy tiyis ekeni siyaqty, olar jeke adamnyng qúqyghyna da qol súqpauy kerek. Osy tәrtip olar tarapynan óreskel búzyluda. Mәselen, qaytys bolghan adamnyng tuystarynyng kópshilikke as beru-bermeui, janazany kimge shyghartuy óz qalauynsha jýzege asuy kerek bolsa, jergilikti imamdar osyghan da aralasyp, mәiit shyqqan ýiden ýsh kýnde deyin tamaq berilmeuin, janazany tek qana meshit qyzmetkerleri shygharuyn qatang qadaghalaydy. Búl tek zayyrly qoghamnyng zannamasyna ghana emes, sharighatqa da qayshy keletin is. Osy túrghyda olar kópshilik sanasyna teokratiyalyq qoghamdaghy din isteri ministrligi siyaqty әser etude.
3. Jergilikti imamdardyng uaghyzdarynda salt-dәstýrdi dinnen bólip kórsetu jii kórinis beredi. Bir mәseleni «dinimizde bylay», «salt-dәstýrimizde olay» degen baghytta әngime órbitu – nigilistik ústanymdy sanagha әbden sinirgen kenesting qoghamnyng «shapanynan» shyqqan qauym ýshin últtyq qúndylyqtyrdy ashyq týrde teristeumen bara-bar. Shyn mәninde, últtyq mәdeniyetimizdegi barsha qúndylyqtar ghasyrlar boyy islam dinimen bite qaynasyp, onyng berik ornyghuyna qyzmet etip, sharighat pen muammilattyng qúramdas bóligine ainalyp ketken. Sondyqtan oghan núqsan keltiru – dәstýrli dinimizge de núqsan keltiru bolyp tabylady.
4. San ghasyr boyy qazaq qauymynda otbasy mәselelerinen bastap, iri memlekettik keleli ister dastarhan basynda sheshilgen. Sondyqtan da dastarhan – qazaq ýshin eng kiyeli qúndylyqtyng biri. Sol sebepti dastarhandy attamaq týgili, ony ainalmaydy da. Sonymen qatar, ol – qoghamdyq tәrbie túghyry. Ýlkennen búryn asqa qol salmau, bata jasalmay túrmau, as ýstinde tek ghibratty sózder aitu, bir qaraghanda, kýndelikti tirshilik kórinisi siyaqty ghana kóringenimen, onyng berer qúndylyghy ólsheusiz. Búl daghdylar – yntymaqtyn, ýlkendi qúrmettep, kishige izet kórsetudin, yaghny otbasy baqytynyng kepili. Al kópshilik ýshin jayylghan dastarhannyng auyl-aymaq, ruly el ýshin dәl osynday mәni bolghan. Búl jerde qyzyqshylyqqa arnalghan dastarhannyng ghana emes, janazalau kezindegi astardyng da orny ýlken. Osy dәstýrlerdi jong últtyq bir tipti mentaliytetimizge, yntymaghymyzgha, birligimizge orasan ziyan keltiretini shyndyq. Jergilikti imamdar osy dәstýrlerdi de teristeumen birneshe jyldar boyy ainalysumen keledi. Osyghan baylanysty, búryn aiyrmashylyghy bolmaghan as beru, janazalau rәsimderinde qazir ala-qúlalyq payda boldy. Alysqa barmay-aq, kórshi auyldar men kórshi audandardy osy mәseleler jóninen salystyryp kórseniz, eleuli aiyrmashylyqtar barlyghyn bilesiz. Búl – últtyq mәdeniyetke syna qaghylyp jatqanynyng belgisi. Osyny basqalar emes, din qyzmetkerleri atqaruda.
5. Diny radikaldy toptardy tany bastaghanymyzdan beri, oghan qarsy túrarlyq birden-bir kýsh retinde jaghymdy mәnde qoldanylyp kele jatqan «dәstýrli din» atauy songhy jyldary qoldanystan shyghyp bara jatyr. Ony da әldebir syrtqy kýshterding yqpaly sanaly týrde jasap otyr deuge bolady. Búl ataudy mýftiyat ókilderi «Imam Aghzam mәzhaby» atauymen almastyryp qoldanuda. Búl diny ekstremmistik toptargha da qolaylylyq tughyzyp, olar óz iydeyalaryn osy atau arqyly ótkize bastady. Al olar óz kózqarastaryn «dәstýli din» atauyna olay tana almas edi. Onyng ýstine, Imam Aghzam (Ábu Hanifa) mәzhaby dәstýrli dinning qúramdas bóligi ekeni de týsindirilmey qalyp otyr. «Bizding jolymyz» degende, birinshi kezekte, diniiy-qúqyqtyq mektep emes, aqida túruy kerek ekeni eskerilmey, búl qatelik jogharydaghy qauipterge jol ashuda.
6. Sopylyq jol (Onyng ishinde, Qoja Ahmet Yasauiydin) dәstýrli dinimizding negizi ekeni mýldem aitylmaydy dese de bolady. Onyng ornyna san aluan diny aghymdaryng biri retinde kórsetilude. Onda da, kóbine, qauipti aghym etip kórsetilude. Osy aqiqattyng búrmalanuy qazirgi diny ahualymyzdyng mýshkildigining eng basty sebebi deuge túrarlyq. Yasauy ilimining mәni ghana emes, etikalyq, ghúryptyq jaghy da «Negizinen, búl sharighatta (nemese Qúranda) joq» degen siyaqty, bir qaraghanda, kereghar bolyp kórinbeytin frazalar arqyly tәrk etilude. Múnday bekerge shygharulardyng úsaq-týiegi bolmaytynyn eskeretin kez keldi. Óitkeni olardyng últtyq sana tiypine tiygizer keri әseri, alauyzdyq tughyzushy yqpaly óte kýshti.
Sóz sony
Memleket jәne din arasyndaghy qatynas naqty emes. Yaghni, memleket dindi konstitusiyalyq shenberde qúbylys retinde qabyldamaghan. Konstitusiyada naqty kórsetilmegen.
Eger qabyldansa, JOO men mektepterde qazaq mәdeniyetining islam órkeniyetindegi orny oqytyluy tiyis edi. Oghan da kadr, baza, material, GhZY kerek.
Degenmen Elbasynyng «Mәdeny múra» baghdarlamasynda oryn alghan enbekter bilim beru ýderisinde joq. Enbegen. Ol diny bilim beru bolsyn, tarihi, mәdeny bolsyn, kórinbeydi.
Memleket býgingi diny ahualdyng әrtektiliginen tuyndaghan saldarlarmen ghana kýresude, aldyn alu ýshin memleket dindi jýieli mehanizmder arqyly qolgha alyp, qadaghalap damytugha mýddeli boluy tiyis. Egemendik alghaly beri qoghamdaghy diny tanym әrtekti bolyp qalyptasty. Ózara dialektikalyq qayshylyqtar, tanymdyq tendensiyalar kórinis berdi. «Din isteri agenttigi qúryldy. Biraq nәtiyje alynbay keledi. Sebebi búl agenttik din fenomenine qatysty barlyq mәselelerding sheshu joldaryn ózinde toptay almay keledi. Mysaly, diny bilim beru – QR BGhM qarasty, oghan agenttik tikeley yqpal ete almaydy. Zang ayasynda bolsa da. Tirkeu júmystary da, Ádilet ministrligining de oghan tikeley yqpaly joq.
Memleket pen qogham arasynda din mәselesinde dәneker bolady dep sengen agenttik, qoghamdaghy diny mәselelerge taldau, baghalau túrghysynan memleketting diny sayasatyn aiqyndau kerek edi. Búl onyng diny mәselelerge jasaghan anyqtamasynan, dintanushylyq, tarihy túrghydan baghalauynan kórinui tiyis edi. Biraq ol әli kórinbeydi. Osy orayda diny sayasat, Elbasynyng «Syndarly on jyl» enbeginde naqty kórsetilgen. Biraq búl enbek agenttik tarapynan nazargha ilinbey kele jatyr.
Qazaqtardyng dәstýrli músylmandyq týsinigi reviziyalanyp jatyr. Agenttik ýn qospaydy, sheshim úsynbaydy. Qoghammen baylanysu tetigi joq. Ghalymdarmen ortaq saraptama, qoghamdyq payda turaly baghyty, ústanymy joq. Óz mamandarymen, toptarymen, belgilengen baghdarlama shenberinde praktikalyq konferensiya ótkizumen óz esepterin berip jýr. Esepterine qarasanyz, osy jyldar ishinde mynnan astam әrtýrli is-shara ótken, biraq mehanizmdi sheshu joldary úsynylmaghan.
Osy Agenttikke qarasty aimaqtardaghy departamentterdi joi mәselesi bar. Búl dúrys emes. Departamentter jergilikti ishki sayasatqa berilmeu kerek, qayta osy agenttik qaramaghynda damytyluy tiyis. Eger ishki sayasatqa berilse, odan sayyn din sayasattyng taqyrybyna ainalady.
Dinning sayasilanuy óte qauipti is. Odan shyghu joly tek azamattyq dýmpu arqyly ghana jýzege asady. Qúday onyng betin aulaq qylsyn.
Jyl sayynghy Preziydent joldauy, Týrik kenesindegi tapsyrmalary, mysaly, tarihy túlghalardyng enbekterin nasihattau (Farabi, Yasaui) oryndalmay keledi.
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