2023 jyldyng sәuirinde Sudanda bastalghan elishilik soghys býgingi tanda әskery kýshterding kýresinen asyp, memleketting qúlauyna,әleumettik apatqa ainalyp barady. Búl turaly Mezgil.kz aqparattyq portaly jazdy. 

Býgin Sudandaghy soghys ne bolyp jatyr, BÚÚ ne dep dabyl qaqty jәne Sudannyng jartysyn jaulap  alghan Múhammed Hamdan Daglo kim degen súraqtargha az-kem jauap izdeymiz...

FAShIRDING QÚLAUY – SUDANNYNG BÓLINUI

2025 jyldyng 26-27 qazanynda Jedel әreket etu kýshterining (RRF) Fashir qalasyn basyp aluy tek Darfurda ghana emes, býkil Sudanda biylik pen egemendik turaly týsinikti týbegeyli ózgertken betbúrysty oqigha boldy.

Shynynda, Fashirding RRF-ding baqylauyna ótui elding eki geografiyalyq bólikke bólinuine yqtimaldylyqty arttyrdy. Soghystyng búl kezeninde – azamattyq qogham qos taraptyng da nysanasy na ainaldy. Al Halyqaralyq qauymdastyqtyng dәrmensizdigi Sudandaghy qazirgi jaghdaydyng osynshalyq ushyghuyna kóp sebepting biri sanalady.

Fashirdi qorshau bir jyldan asa uaqytqa sozyldy. Qaladaghy ashtyq, shól, dәri-dәrmek tapshylyghy jýieli týrde qaru retinde qoldanylyp, gumanitarlyq kómekting jetkiziluine tosqauyl qoyyldy. BÚÚ dereginshe, qorshau ishinde úzyn-yrghasy 250 mynnan asa halyq qalyp qoyghan. Olardyng teng jartysy bala-shagha. Jedel әreket etu kýshteri (RRF) qalany syrtqy әlemnen tolyghymen oqshaulap, azyq-týlik pen dәri-dәrmek aghynyn bógep, topyraqtan 56 shaqyrymdyq bóget salyp tastady.

Jedel әreket etu kýshteri (RRF) Fashirdi basyp alghannan keyin qaladaghylar jappay ólim jazasyna kesildi, maqsatty óltiruler jәne jýieli zorlyq-zombylyq tolqyny bastaldy. Onyng jarqyn mysaly – qalagha kirgiziletin gumanitarlyq kómekti rettep ýlestiruge jauapty bolghan Siham Hasan Husbolla Áliyding jariya týrde óltirilui boldy. BÚÚ-nyng Adam qúqyqtary jónindegi Jogharghy komissary men týrli tәuelsiz úiymdar RRF sodyrlary adamdardy etnikalyq negizde óltirip jatqany turaly dabyl qaqty.

Sudan armiyasynyng kýshi barghan sayyn bәsendep barady. Resmy armiya Fashirden shegindi. Sudan egemendigi kenesining tóraghasy general Abdulfattah әl-Burhan búl sheshimdi aqtap, múny «taktikalyq qadam» dep atady. Alayda, resmiyanyng búl sheginisi qarapayym halyqtyng azap qorshauynda qalyp qongyna sebep boldy jәne halyqtyng armiyagha senimiz azaytty.

Resmy armiyanyng búl sheginisinen song Jedel әreket etu kýshteri (RRF) ortalyghy Darfun bolatyn ónirlik basqaru qúrylymyn qru turaly týpti iydeyasyn odan sayyn kýsheytti. Búl degeniniz – paralleli ýkimet qúru degen sóz. Búl óz kezeginde Sudannyng bólinui degendi bildiredi.

HALYQARALYQ QAUYMDASTYQ NEGE DÁRMENSIZ?

Sudandaghy elishilik soghysta Halyqaralyq qauymdastyq dәrmensiz kýide qalyp otyr. BÚÚ Bas hatshysy Antoniu Guterrish Fashirdegi jaghdaydy «súmdyq jaghday» dep shektelse, Afrikalyq odaq «adamzatqa qarsy qylmys» turaly sóiledi. AQSh pen EO, Týrkiya men Mysyr taraptardy «atysty dereu toqtatugha» shaqyrdy. Chad bosqyndardyng jana legi aghylady degen qauippen shekara kýzetin kýsheytti. Biraq, búl aitylghandardyng barlyghy tek sóz ghana. Naqty is-әreket bolghan joq.

Búl jerde nazar audararlyq mәsele: Halyqaralyq qauymdastyq Sudandaghy jaghdaydy eki general arasyndaghy biylikke talas dep qana baghalaydy.

MÚHAMMED HAMDAN DAGLO DEGEN KIM?

Múhammed Hamdan Daglo, yaghny Hamidty — Sudannyng әskeriy-sayasy sahnasyndaghy eng yqpaldy túlghalardyng biri. Onyng qaruly toby — Jedel әreket etu kýshteri (RRF) býginde elding jartysyn baqylap otyr. Jaqynda olar Darfurdyng batysyndaghy songhy manyzdy qala — Fashirdi basyp aldy.

Hamidtiydi qarsylastary jek kóredi jәne qorqady, al jaqtastary onyng tabandylyghyna, qatygezdigine tәnti.

Hamidty týie ósirumen ainalysatyn arab tildi riyzeygat taypasynyng mahariya ruynan shyqqan. Bala kezinde otbasy Chadtaghy soghystan qashyp, Sudannyng batysyna — Darfurgha qonys audarghan. Jasóspirim kezinde mektepti tastap, týielermen sauda jasaumen ainalysqan. Ol týielerdi shól arqyly Liviya men Mysyrgha aidap aparyp satatyn. Ol kezde Darfur — kedey, baqylausyz ónir edi. Múnda janjavid dep atalatyn arab jasaqtary jergilikti for halqynyng auyldaryna shabuyl jasap jýrdi.

2003 jyly forlar men basqa etnostar kóterilis jasap, biyliktegi arab elitasyna qarsy shyqty. Búghan jauap retinde sol kezdegi preziydent Omar әl-Bashir janjavidterding qataryn kóbeytti. Olar jappay óltiruler, zorlyq-zombylyq jәne órt qoy әreketterimen aty shyqty.

JEDEL ÁREKET ETU KÝShTERI (RRF) QALAY QÚRYLDY?

2004 jyly Hamidtiyding jasaghy Adva auylyna shabuyl jasap, 126 adamdy, sonyng ishinde 36 balany óltirdi. AQSh búl әreketterdi «genosiyd» dep tanydy. Keyin ol ailakerligimen jәne qatygez sayasatymen biylik basyna kóterildi. Bir kezde óz әskerine jalaqy men shen talap etip, kóterilis te jasady. Bashir onyng kóp talabyn oryndaugha mәjbýr boldy. Osydan song Hamidty Jebel Amir altyn kenin baqylaugha alyp, otbasylyq  «Al-Gunaiyd» kompaniyasy arqyly eldegi eng iri altyn eksporttaushygha ainaldy.

2013 jyly ol Jedel әreket etu kýshterin (RRF) resmy týrde qúrdy. Búrynghy janjavidter osy qúrylymgha biriktirildi. RRF biylikke baghynghanymen, óz sayasy yqpalyn kýsheytti. Keyin búl kýshter Yemen soghysyna da qatysyp, Saud Arabiyasy men BAÁ-den mol qarjy aldy. Hamidty әsirese Ábu-Dabiymen tyghyz baylanys ornatty.

DAGLONYNG ÁSKERIN RESEYLIK «VAGNER» DAYYNDAGhAN

Ol sonday-aq Reseyding «Vagner» tobynyng kómegimen әskerin dayyndap, altyn saudasyna baylanysty kelisim jasady.

2019 jyly Sudandaghy halyq kóterilisi kezinde Hamidty men general Abdeli Fattah әl-Burhan Bashirdi taqtan taydyrdy. Alghashynda halyq ony «jana Sudannyng ýmiti» dep qabyldady. Biraq kóp úzamay ol biylikti azamattyq ýkimetke beruden bas tartyp, óz jasaghyn narazylargha qarsy qoldandy. «Human Rights Watch» mәlimetinshe, RRF jýzdegen adamdy óltirip, әielderdi zorlap, er adamdardy Nil ózenine tastaghan.

Keyin Burhan men Hamidty arasynda biylik ýshin kýres bastaldy. 2023 jyly olardyng arasyndaghy qaqtyghys tolyq soghysqa úlasty. Hartum men Darfur qangha boyaldy. BÚÚ dereginshe, tek Darfurda 15 mynnan astam beybit túrghyn qaza tapqan. AQSh búl qyrghyndy «genosiyd» dep baghalady.

Qazir RRF zamanauy qaru-jaraq pen drondargha iye, olardyng basym bóligi BAÁ arqyly jetkiziledi degen aiyptar bar. Osy qarulanu soghysty úzaqqa sozyp otyr.

Hamidty tipti óz «ýkimetin» — «Beybitshilik pen birlik ýkimetin» qúrghanyn jariyalady. Býginde onyng kýshteri Nilding batysyndaghy elding basym bóligin baqylauda ústap otyr. Bireuler ony jana memleket qúrmaqshy dese, endi bireuler ol barlyq Sudandy basqarudy kózdeydi deydi. Qalay bolghanda da, onyng biyligi qatygezdik pen jazasyzdyqqa sýienip túr. Al әlemdik qauymdastyq — ýndemey otyr.

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