Qazaqstan ýshin Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyn preziydenttik kezeni tek sayasiy basqaru uaqyty ghana emes, jahandyq túraqsyzdyq jaghdayynda memlekettin ózgeruge qabilettiligin ayqyndaghan manyzdy kezenge aynaldy. Pandemiya, inflyasiyalyq qysym, logistikalyq baghyttardyng qayta qúryluy, geosayasiy turbulenttilik pen iri derjavalar arasyndaghy bәsekenin kýsheni el aldyna túraqtylyqty saqtap qana qoymay, damudyn jana sapaly modelin qalyptastyru mindetin qoydy. Osy jaghdayda Qazaqstan reformalardy toqtatpay, kerisinshe olardy memlekettik strategiyanyn negizgi bóligine aynaldyrdy.

Songhy jyldary el ekonomikasynda bayqalghan ósim kórsetkishteri búl sayasattyn naqty nәtiyjesin kórsetedi. Ónerkәsip óndirisinin artuy, óndeu sektoryn damytu, sifrlandyru, kólik-logistikalyq baylanystardy keneytu jәne shiykizattyq emes salalardy kýsheytuQazaqstannyn institusionaldyq túrghydan jana kezenge qadam basqanyn anghartady. Sarapshylardyn pikirinshe, býginde Qazaqstannyng damu modeli tek ekonomikalyq kórsetkishtermen emes, memlekettik basqarudyn sapasymen, qúqyqtyq túraqtylyqpen jәne halyqaralyq senimdilikpen baghalana bastady.

Osy taqyryp tónireginde biz EFLA – Eurasian Future Leaders Association úiymynyn jetekshisi, sayasiy ghylymdar doktory, Hangukshetel tilderi uniyversiytetinin (HUFS) Ortalyq Aziya kafedrasynyng oqytushysy Kim So Yonmen súhbattastyq. Sarapshy әngime barysynda preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyn kóshbasshylyq stiyli, Qazaqstannyn kópvektorly diplomatiyasy, «Ádiletti Qazaqstan» tújyrymdamasy, halyqaralyq qúqyq mәselesi jәne elding investisiyalyq tartymdylyghy jónindegi kózqarasymen bólisti.

- Sizding oiynyzsha, Qazaqstan preziydentining sayasy baghytynyng basty ereksheligi nede?

- Preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng kóshbasshylyq ústanymy institusionaldyq reformalardy kezen-kezenimen jýzege asyrugha baghyttalghan. Búl — túraqtylyqty saqtay otyryp, jýieli ózgerister engizuge negizdelgen sayasat. Ol memlekettik jýiedegi sabaqtastyqty joghaltpay, kýrt ózgeristerden aulaq bola otyryp, әkimshilik-sayasy qúrylymdy mazmúndy týrde janghyrtudy kózdeydi.

Búl baghyt ishki jәne syrtqy sayasatta da aiqyn kórinis tabady. El ishinde zang ýstemdigin nyghaytugha, esep berushilik pen әleumettik әdilettilikti qamtamasyz etuge basymdyq berilse, syrtqy sayasatta Qazaqstannyng tәuelsiz strategiyalyq kenistigin pragmatikalyq әri tengerimdi kópvektorly diplomatiya arqyly saqtau maqsaty kózdeledi.

Ishki jәne syrtqy túraqtylyqty úshtastyra bilgen múnday kóshbasshylyq stiyli Qazaqstandy kýrdeli jahandyq jaghdayda senimdi әri tartymdy seriktes retinde tanytyp otyr.

- Kópshilik memleket basshysynyng jeke ústamdylyghyn, intellektualdyq mәdeniyetin jәne populizmge jat kózqarasyn joghary baghalaydy. Sizding oiynyzsha, múnday basqaru stiyli qazirgi qoghamda qanshalyqty manyzdy artyqshylyq bolyp sanalady?

- Qazirgi әlemdik sayasattaghy ýrdister ayasynda ústamdy әri bayypty kóshbasshylyqtyng qúndylyghy búrynghydan da arta týsti. Býgingi aqparattyq kenistikte arandatushylyq populizm men sayasy qaqtyghystar tez taralatyn jaghdayda, kóshbasshynyng sabyr saqtap, memleketti útymdy basqaru qabileti últtyq túraqtylyqtyng basty negizine ainalyp otyr.

Qazaqstan sekildi el ýshin múnday ústanymnyng manyzy erekshe. Óitkeni ishki dengeyde kópetnosty әri kópkonfessiyaly qoghamnyng birligin saqtau qajet bolsa, syrtqy sayasatta kýrdeli geosayasy tәuekelderdi tengerimdi týrde basqaru mindeti túr. Sondyqtan kóshbasshynyng bayypty әri sarabdal tәsili ómirlik manyzgha iye.

Osy túrghydan alghanda, Qasym-Jomart Toqaevqa tәn ústamdy kóshbasshylyq ýlken ról atqarady. Búl ishki qauip faktorlaryn aldyn ala basqarugha mýmkindik berip qana qoymay, Qazaqstannyng halyqaralyq arenadaghy boljamdy әri senimdi seriktes retindegi bedelin nyghaytady.

Týptep kelgende, qazirgi zamanghy kóshbasshylyqtyng mәni qysqa merzimdi emosiyalyq mobilizasiyagha sýienetin sayasatta emes, túraqty institusionaldyq negiz ben ornyqty memlekettik basqaru jýiesin qalyptastyra bilu qabiletinde jatyr.

- Qasym-Jomart Toqaev postkenestik kenistiktegi eng intellektualdy kóshbasshylardyng biri retinde jii atalady. Sizding oiynyzsha, onyng jeke diplomatiyalyq tәjiriybesi, BÚÚ-daghy qyzmeti jәne dialog jýrgizu daghdylary jahandyq belgisizdik jaghdayynda Qazaqstannyng memlekettik basqaru modeline qalay әser etti?

- Mening oiymsha, preziydent Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyng diplomatiyalyq mansaby Qazaqstannyng syrtqy sayasatynyng tengerimdiligi men boljamdylyghyn arttyratyn basty faktorlardyng biri bolyp tabylady. Kәsiby diplomat retindegi tәjiriybesi jәne halyqaralyq qúrylymdardy basqaruy, sonyng ishinde BÚÚ-nyng Jenevadaghy bólimshesining Bas diyrektory qyzmeti kópjaqty diplomatiya tetikteri men halyqaralyq qatynastar dinamikasyn tereng týsinuge berik negiz qalady.

Býginde Qazaqstan tek Resey men Qytaydy ghana emes, sonday-aq Europa, Batys jәne Tayau Shyghys elderin qamtityn kýrdeli kópvektorly diplomatiyalyq ortada әreket etude. Osynday kýrdeli geosayasy jaghdayda Toqaevtyng tereng diplomatiyalyq kózqarasy barlyq seriktestermen pragmatikalyq yntymaqtastyq ornatugha jәne qanday da bir bir memleketke shamadan tys tәueldilikten saqtanugha mýmkindik beredi.

Jahandyq belgisizdik kýsheygen sayyn, memleket kóshbasshysynan tek sayasy ritorika emes, daghdarys jaghdayynda últtyq mýddelerding tepe-tendigin saqtay bilu qabileti talap etiledi. Osy túrghydan alghanda, onyng klassikalyq diplomatiyalyq tәjiriybesi Qazaqstannyng әlemdik qauymdastyqtaghy túraqty әri senimdi seriktes retindegi pozisiyasyn nyghaytuda asa manyzdy ról atqaryp otyr.

- Sayasy ózgeristerden bólek, preziydent Toqaev әleumettik әdilettilik pen adamy kapitaldy damytugha baghyttalghan «Ádiletti Qazaqstan» tújyrymdamasyn ilgeriletip keledi. Sizding oiynyzsha, búl sharalar elding úzaq merzimdi túraqtylyghy ýshin jahandyq túrghydan qanday ról atqarady?

- «Ádiletti Qazaqstan» tújyrymdamasy — elding úzaq merzimdi túraqtylyghy men ornyqty damuyn qamtamasyz etuge qabiletti asa ózekti әri manyzdy strategiyalyq kózqaras. Qazirgi tanda memleketting túraqtylyghy tek ekonomikalyq ósimmen nemese tabighy resurstar kólemimen ghana aiqyndalmaydy. Eng bastysy — azamattardyng memlekettik instituttargha degen senimi, teng mýmkindikterding qamtamasyz etilui jәne bolashaq úrpaqtyng bilim beru jýiesi arqyly damuyna jaghday jasaluy. Osy túrghydan alghanda, «Ádiletti Qazaqstan» — jay ghana sayasy úran emes, memleket pen qogham arasyndaghy senimdi qalpyna keltiruge baghyttalghan naqty praktikalyq baghdar. Áleumettik әdilettilikke, zang ýstemdigine jәne adamy kapitalgha salynatyn investisiyalar qoghamdyq integrasiyany nyghaytyp, ekonomikanyng negizin keneytedi.

Qazaqstan ýshin әsirese resurstyq tәueldi qúrylymnan bilim ekonomikasyna kóshu mindeti manyzdy. Búl kәsiby kadrlardy jýieli dayarlau arqyly jýzege asady. Qazirgi tanda Ortalyq Aziya elderining barlyghy ónerkәsipti әrtaraptandyru, sifrlyq transformasiya jәne jastar mýmkindikterin keneytu sekildi ortaq syn-qaterlerge tap bolyp otyr. Bilim beru jýiesi men ónerkәsiptik sayasattyng ózara tyghyz yqpaldastyghy arqyly jas mamandardy dayarlau Qazaqstannyng bolashaqtaghy bәsekege qabilettiligin aiqyndaytyn sheshushi faktorgha ainalady. Ekonomikalyq reformalar medisina, injeneriya, IT, energetika jәne logistika salalaryndaghy bilikti kadrlarmen qamtamasyz etilgen jaghdayda ghana naqty nәtiyje beredi.

Sondyqtan «Ádiletti Qazaqstan» — qysqa merzimdi reforma emes, qoghamdyq senim men adamy kapitaldy nyghaytu arqyly elding túraqty damu modelin qalyptastyrugha arnalghan strategiyalyq jol kartasy.

- Qazaqstan halyqaralyq qúqyq normalaryn búljytpay saqtaudyng manyzyn ýnemi atap kórsetip keledi. Sizding oiynyzsha, qazirgi kýrdeli geosayasy jaghdayda osy tepe-tendikti saqtau jәne óz ústanymyn qorghau qanshalyqty qiyn?

- Geosayasy qayshylyqtardyng toghysqan túsynda túryp, halyqaralyq qúqyq qaghidattary men memleketterding egemendigin qúrmetteu ústanymyn dәiekti týrde qorghau — óte batyl әri kýrdeli tandau. Qazaqstannyng strategiyalyq jaghdayynda Resey jәne Qytay sekildi kórshi derjavalarmen qarym-qatynasty teng ústap, sonymen qatar Batys jәne Tayau Shyghys elderimen kópjaqty yntymaqtastyqty damytu qajet. Múnday jaghdayda birjaqty diplomatiya tiyimdi bola almaydy.

Qazaqstannyng aumaqtyq tútastyq pen halyqaralyq qúqyqtyq tәrtipke erekshe mәn beruining negizinde ómirsheng últtyq mýddeler jatyr. Iri kýsh ortalyqtarynyng arasynda ornalasqan orta memleket ýshin halyqaralyq qúqyq normalary — derbestikti saqtaudyng jәne qauipsizdikke kepil boludyng basty tetigi.

Týptep kelgende, qazaqstandyq diplomatiyanyng mәni — pragmatikalyq realizm men qaghidattargha adal ústanymdy sheber ýilestirude. Úly derjavalarmen yntymaqtastyqtan naqty payda kóre otyryp, óz prinsipteri men bedelin joghaltpaugha mýmkindik beretin osy tengerimdi sayasat Qazaqstannyng kýrdeli halyqaralyq ortadaghy strategiyalyq manyzyn arttyratyn negizgi faktorlardyng birine ainalyp otyr.

- Qazirgi tanda Qazaqstan auqymdy ishki reformalar men ózgerister jýrgizip jatyr. Búl ekonomikalyq reformalar sheteldik investorlar ýshin elding investisiyalyq tartymdylyghyna qalay әser etude?

- Qazaqstandaghy auqymdy ishki reformalar jahandyq biznes ýshin quatty әri ong signal bolyp otyr. Býginde sheteldik investorlar tek tabighy resurstar kólemine nemese naryqtyng auqymyna ghana nazar audarmaydy. Olar institusionaldyq boljamdylyqty, zang ýstemdigin, memlekettik apparattyng tiyimdiligin jәne eng bastysy — reformalardy jýzege asyrudaghy ýkimetting dәiektiligin keshendi týrde baghalaydy. Osy túrghydan alghanda, Qazaqstandaghy ekonomikany әrtaraptandyru, sifrlandyru jәne logistikalyq infraqúrylymdy jetildiru investorlar senimin arttyratyn sheshushi faktorlar bolyp sanalady. Ásirese, «Alatau Siti» (Alatau City) sekildi iri developerlik jobalar Qazaqstannyng resurstyq tәueldi modeliden shyghyp, innovasiyalar, aqyldy qalalar, qarjy jәne logistika salalaryndaghy jahandyq habqa ainalugha úmtylyp otyrghanynyng jarqyn kórinisi. «Alatau Sitiydegi» alghashqy investisiyalyq joba retinde iske qosylghan «K-Park» mәdeniy-iskerlik ortalyghy koreyalyq investorlardyng ýlken qyzyghushylyghyn tudyryp, tehnologiya, energetika jәne qalalyq innovasiyalar salalaryndaghy yntymaqtastyqtyng zor әleuetin dәleldedi.

«K-Park» — jay ghana mәdeny kenistik emes, korey diasporasynyng tarihy múrasyn, Hallu tolqynyn jәne iskerlik jelilerdi baylanystyratyn simvoldyq platforma. Búl Qazaqstannyng tek myqty ekonomikalyq infraqúrylymgha ghana emes, sonymen qatar joghary dengeydegi mәdeny ashyqtyq pen inkluzivtilikke ie ekenin investorlargha aiqyn kórsetedi.

Áriyne, búl tartymdylyqty saqtau ýshin retteu jýiesining túraqtylyghyn, sot jýiesining senimdiligin jәne әkimshilik ashyqtyqty qamtamasyz etu baghytyndaghy júmystar ýzdiksiz jalghasuy qajet. Degenmen qazirgi batyl reformalar baghyty men auqymdy jobalar Qazaqstannyng Ortalyq Aziyadaghy negizgi investisiyalyq ortalyqqa ainaluyna quatty serpin berip otyr.

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