Gaagadaghy International Court of Justice qabyldaghan songhy konsulitativtik qorytyndy halyqaralyq enbek qúqyghy tarihyndaghy manyzdy kezenderding birine ainaldy. Sot júmysshylar men kәsipodaqtardyng ereuil ótkizu qúqyghy halyqaralyq qúqyqpen qorghalatynyn naqtylap, ony enbekkerlerding negizgi bostandyqtarynyng ajyramas bóligi dep tanydy.

Búl sheshim eng aldymen International Labour Organization-nyng №87 Konvensiyasyna qatysty úzaq jyldar boyy jalghasqan pikirtalastargha nýkte qoyymen manyzdy bolyp otyr. Atalghan konvensiyada búghan deyin birlesu erkindigi men kәsipodaq qúru qúqyghy bekitilgenimen, ereuil mәselesi naqty jazylmaghan edi. Soghan qaramastan halyqaralyq enbek úiymynyng sarapshylary ondaghan jyl boyy ereuil qúqyghy osy erkindikting tabighy jalghasy ekenin aityp kelgen edi.

Alayda keybir memleketter men júmys berushiler úiymdary búghan qarsy bolyp, mәsele 2023 jyly halyqaralyq dengeydegi daugha úlasqanyn da BAQ arqyly jaqsy bilemiz. Sonyng nәtiyjesinde sýrlegen atalmysh saual BÚÚ-nyng halyqaralyq sotyna joldanghan edi. Endi sottyng qorytyndysy halyqaralyq qúqyqtyq tәjiriybede manyzdy baghdargha ainalmaq.

Enbek qúqyghyndaghy tarihy betbúrys

Sottyng 10 sudiya qoldap, 4 sudiya qarsy dauys bergen sheshimi enbek qatynastary salasynda jana qúqyqtyq standart qalyptastyruy mýmkin. Óitkeni qazirgi әlemde ereuil tek әleumettik narazylyq qúraly ghana emes, júmysshylardyng ekonomikalyq mýddesin qorghaudyng eng songhy tetigi sanalady.

Kóptegen elderde kәsipodaqtardyng әlsireui, inflyasiyanyng ósui, enbek naryghyndaghy tensizdik pen әleumettik qysym enbek daularynyng kóbengine әkelip soqtyryp otyr. Osynday jaghdayda halyqaralyq sottyng atalghan ústanymy júmysshylardyng qúqyqtyq pozisiyasyn kýsheytedi әri óz mýddesin janyn sala qorghaugha jeteleydi.

Sarapshylardyng pikirinshe, búl sheshim tayau bolashaqta últtyq sottardyng enbek daularyn qarauyna da yqpal etui yqtimal. Ásirese kәsipodaq qyzmetine shekteu qoyylatyn nemese ereuilge qatysqany ýshin qysym jasalatyn elder ýshin halyqaralyq qúqyqtyq qysym arta týsui mýmkin ekendigi kónildi quantady.

Bizding elimiz ýshin búl neni bildiredi?

Qazaqstanda enbek daulary taqyryby songhy jyldary birneshe ret qogham nazaryn ózine audartty. Múnay-gaz sektoryndaghy, óndiris oryndaryndaghy jәne әleumettik saladaghy narazylyqtar júmysshylar qúqyghy mәselesining әli de ótkir ekenin kórsetip otyrghan jayy bar.

Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law mәlimetinshe, eldegi zannamalyq rәsimderding kýrdeliligi zandy týrde ereuil úiymdastyrudy qiyndatyp, oghan shaqyrushylargha qol baylau bolyp keledi. Elimizdegi ómir tәjiriybesinde júmysshylar bitip bolmaytyn tóreshilidik (burokratiyalyq) talaptargha tap bolady, al key jaghdayda enbek dauyna qatysushylar qysymgha, júmystan shygharugha nemese әkimshilik jauapkershilikke úshyraytyny eshkimdi de tanqaldyrmaytyn shyndyqqa ainaldy.

Qazaqstan halyqaralyq enbek úiymynyng negizgi konvensiyalaryn ratifikasiyalaghan memleketterding qatarynda. Sondyqtan BÚÚ sotynyng búl qorytyndysy elding enbek zannamasyn qayta qarau turaly pikirtalastardy kýsheytui yqtimal deuimizge negiz bar. Ásirese kәsipodaqtardyng tәuelsizdigi, újymdyq kelissóz jýrgizu jәne ereuil ótkizu proseduralaryn jenildetu mәselesi kýn tәrtibine shyghyp jatsa endigi jerde oghan shegimizdi tartyp taqqóalmay-aq qoyalyq.

Biylik pen bizneske jana dabyl

Búl sheshim tek Ortalyq Aziyadaghy alshang basyp kelgen ýkimetterge ghana emes, taytang basqan iri kompaniyalar men júmys berushilerge de manyzdy isharat belgisin sezdirip otyr. Óitkeni halyqaralyq qúqyq júmysshylardyng úiymdasqan týrde talap qoiyn zandy әri qorghalatyn әreket retinde moyyndaydy.

Sarapshylardyng aituynsha, búday bylay OA enbek janjaldaryn búrynghyday kýshpen nemese qysym arqyly basyp-janshu emes, әleumettik dialog arqyly sheshu ýrdisi birte-birte oryn alyp, kýsheii әbden mýmkin. Sebebi halyqaralyq bedeline asa zor mәn beretin memleketter men kompaniyalar enbek qúqyqtaryn búzu faktilerinen saqtanugha óte-móte tyrysady.

BÚÚ sotynyng qorytyndysy mindetti sheshim bolmasa da, onyng sayasy jәne qúqyqtyq salmaghy óte joghary. Búl halyqaralyq enbek qúqyghynyng jana kezenge ayaq basqanyn kórsetedi.

Endigi basty mәsele — memleketterding osy ústanymdy últtyq zannama men tәjiriybede qanshalyqty jýzege asyratynyna kelip tireledi. Qazaqstan ýshin búl enbek qatynastary salasyndaghy reformalardy terendetuge jәne júmysshylar qúqyghyn halyqaralyq standarttargha jaqyndatugha berilgen manyzdy dabyl deuge bolady. Elimizding búl ýdeden qalay shyghatynyn tek uaqyt qana kórsetedi. Ári alashtyng mýddesin qorghaytyn qazaq tildi kәsipodaqtyng qúryluyna danghyl jol ashyldy desek asylyq aitqandyghymyz emes.

Abai.kz