Janqoja Núrmúhamedúly bastaghan kóterilis — XIX ghasyrdyng ortasynda Syrdariya boyyndaghy qazaqtardyng Hiua jәne Qoqan handyqtarynyn, keyin Resey imperiyasynyng otarshyldyq sayasatyna qarsy baghyttalghan últ-azattyq qozghalysy.

Kóterilisting sebepteri

• Hiua jәne Qoqan handyqtarynyng qazaq auyldaryna qysym jasap, alym-salyq jinauy.
• Resey imperiyasynyng Syrdariya boyyna әskery bekinister saluy jәne qazaq jerin otarlaudy kýsheytui.
• Qazaqtardyng jayylymdyq jerlerining taryluy.
• Halyqtyng әleumettik jәne ekonomikalyq jaghdayynyng nasharlauy.

Kóterilisting bastaluy

Janqoja Núrmúhamedúly (1774–1860) — Syr boyyndaghy qazaqtardyng belgili batyry әri bedeldi túlghasy. Ol Hiua handyghynyng basqynshylyq әreketterine qarsy kýresip, halyqty qorghady. 1856 jyly Janqoja bastaghan kóterilis Resey imperiyasynyng otarshyldyq sayasatyna qarsy ashyq sipat aldy. Kóterilisshiler Syrdariya boyyndaghy orys әskery bekinisterine jәne patsha ókimetining jergilikti әkimshiligine qarsy әreket etti.

Kóterilisting barysy

1856–1857 jyldary kóterilisshiler sany birneshe myng adamgha jetti. Patsha ýkimeti kóterilisti basu ýshin general-mayor Fitingof bastaghan jazalaushy әsker jiberdi. 1857 jyly 9 qantarda Aryqbalyq manyndaghy shayqasta kóterilisshiler patsha әskerinen jenildi. Qaru-jaraq pen әskery kýshting teng bolmauy kóterilisting jeniluine negizgi sebepterding biri boldy.

Jenilu sebepteri

• Kóterilisshilerding qaru-jaraghynyng nashar boluy.
• Patsha әskerining әskeriy-tehnikalyq basymdyghy.
• Kóterilisting býkil qazaq dalasyn qamtymauy.
• Kóterilisshiler arasynda túraqty әskery úiymnyng bolmauy.

Tarihy manyzy

Janqoja Núrmúhamedúly bastaghan kóterilis qazaq halqynyn otarshyldyqqa qarsy kýresining manyzdy kezenderining biri boldy. Janqoja batyr halyqtyng jerin, erkindigin jәne dәstýrli ómir saltyn qorghaghan tarihy túlgha retinde este qaldy.

Syr boyyn otarlaugha qarsy baghyttalghan búl qozghalys qazaq halqynyng erkindik sýigish minezin, jer men eldi qorghau jolyndaghy qaysarlyghyn kórsetti. Janqoja batyrdyng basshylyghymen ótken kóterilis otarlyq ezgige qarsylyqtyng iri tarihy kezenderining biri sanalady.

Sonymen, kóterilis 1856–1857 jyldary Syrdariya boyynda ótti, negizgi basshysy — Janqoja Núrmúhamedúly. Kóterilis Resey imperiyasynyng otarlau sayasatyna qarsy baghyttalyp, 1857 jyly jenilispen ayaqtaldy.

Kerimsal Júbatqanov,

tarih ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, S. Seyfullin atyndaghy Qazaq agrotehnikalyq zertteu uniyversiytetining dosenti

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