Redaksiya: Qazan aiynyng 5-inen beri Varshava qalasynda (Polisha) OBSE-ning jyl sayynghy dәstýrli konferensiyasy ótude. Qazaqstan Halyq Kenesining mýshesi Ermúrat Bapy sol konferensiyanyng Demokratiyalyq instituttar mәselesi jóninde ótken sessiyasyna qatysyp, sóz sóilegen edi. Biz tómende sayasatker azamattyng sol bayandamasyn sәl-pәl yqshamdap jariyalap otyrmyz.

2000-jyldardan beri OBSE-ning birneshe konferensiyasynda, Europarlament pen AQSh kongresinde ótken deputattyq tyndaularda, joghary dәrejeli halyqaralyq jiyndargha qatysyp, sóz sóileu men ýshin tansyq emes. Biraq men ol kezderde demokratiyalyq romantizmning jetegimen tek qana protestik ústanymda bolghan, Núrsúltan Nazarbaevtyng jeke-dara biyligine qarsy kýresken synarjaq oppozisiyalyq kýresker edim.

Al Qazaqstannyng qazirgi әlemdegi ishki-syrtqy jaghdayynyng kýrt ózgeruine baylanysty men el taghdyryna janashyr memleketshil sayasatkerding pozisiyasynda jýrgen azamat retinde sóz aldym. Men eng aldymen eki mәselege toqtalghym keledi.

Birinshiden, men osy jylghy nauryz aiynda qabyldanghan Qazaqstan Respublikasynyng jana Konstitusiyasy negizinde janadan qúrylghan memlekettik-konsulitativtik organ – Halyq Kenesining mýshesimin. Búl jana institut últtyq (etnikalyq túrghyda týsinbeudi súraymyn) sayasatty jýzege asyru barysynda memleket pen qogham arasyndaghy jalpyúlttyq dialogty, yntymaq pen birlik prosesin qalyptastyru alany retinde qúryldy. Sondyqtan men súranyp sóz alghan búl spich qos taraptyng ortasyndaghy tәuelsiz pikir retinde qabyldanuy qajet degen úsynysym bar.

Ekinshiden jәne eng aldymen, konferensiyagha qatysushylar tarapynan Qazaqstanda bir jylda edel-jedel eki birdey saylau ótkizu qanday qajettilikten tuyndady degen súraq boluy mýmkin. IYә, Qazaqstanda biyl eki birdey saylau ótti: biri – Konstitusiyagha ózgerister engizu jónindegi jalpyhalyqtyq referendum; ekinshisi – Qazaqstandaghy ókiletti biylik organy – Qúryltay (Parlament) saylauy.

Eskerte keteyin, Qazaqstandaghy búrynghy sayasy rejim kezindegidey emes, býginde Konstitusiyagha ózgeris engizu jalpyhalyqtyq dauys beru – referendum arqyly ghana jýzege asady. El preziydenti de, parlament te Konstitusiyagha ózgeris engizuge qúzyrly emes, búl tek jalpyhalyqtyq erik-jigerimen ghana jýzege asatyn sheshim!

Áriyne, evropalyq jekelegen elderde bir jyldyng ishinde birneshe saylau ótui qalypty jaghday. Biraq búl keshe ghana avtokratiyalyq rejimning qúrsauynda bolghan Qazaqstan siyaqty aziyalyq el ýshin erekshe ýrdis. Sebebi býginde Qazaqstan Respublikasy – ózgerister men reformalardy jedel jýrgizuge mýddeli tranzittik damu ýstindegi el. Sondyqtan bizding aldymyzda әlemning damyghan elderi búdan birneshe ondaghan jyldar búryn ótip ketken demokratiyalyq qatynastar men prosesterdi quyp jetu, qúryp ketkende sol órkeniyet kóshine ilesu mindeti túr. Búl mindetting jauapkershiligi men jalpy nobayy turaly Qazaqstan Preziydenti Qasym-Jomart Toqaev juyqta ghana Germaniyagha jasaghan resmy sapary kezinde birsypyra sóz etkenin halyqaralyq qatynastargha qúlaghy týrik sayasatkerler bilse kerek. Qazaqstannyng jahandyq kósh ýderisindegi damuy men býgingi aumaly-tókpeli geosayasy kezendegi oryny turaly Toqaev myrza tynghylyqty pikirler aitqan edi.

Býgingi býkilәlemdik qarym-qatynastar tәrtibi kýrt ózgerip, halyqaralyq globaldy jaghday shiyelenisip túrghan jaghdayda Qazaqstan osy tәuekelderge ishtey dayyn boludyn qamyn kýitteude. Onyng ýstine búghan deyingi 30 jyldyq avtoritarlyq biylikten keyin, Qazaqstangha tónui mýmkin tәuekelderge tótep beretin jana últtyq elitanyng sayasat arenasyna shyghuyna erkin mýmkindik jasaldy!

Álemde qalyptasyp jatqan jana qatynastar tәrtibi úzaq kezendi qamtuy mýmkin. Búghan Qazaqstannyng býgingi halqy ghana emes, keleshek úrpaghy da dayyn boluy tiyis. Sondyqtan syrtqy tәuekelder tolqyp túrghan ótpeli kezende (tranzittik) Qazaqstan shúghyl týrde eki birdey saylau ótkizuge mýddeli bolghan sebebi osy.

IYә, býgingi damyghan órkeniyet әlemindegi siyaqty Qazaqstandaghy demokratiyalyq prosester de eldegi azamattardyng erkin erik-jigeri negizinde tikeley saylau mehanizmderi arqyly jýzege asady. Osy ýrdisti jetildiru jәne kýn sayyn ózgerip jatqan halyqaralyq qatynastargha layyqty masshtabty mýmkindikter qalyptastyru maqsatynda biylghy 2026 jyldyng 15 nauryzynda jana Konstitusiya qabyldanyp, elding eng basty zany 1-shildeden bastap kýshine endi. Búl Konstitusiya azamattyq qúqyqtyng basymdylyghyn (verhovenstvo), qoghamdyq dialogtyng damuyn jәne biylik organdarynyng halyq aldyndaghy jauapkershilik prinsipterin bekitti.

Al tamyz aiynda osy jana konstitusiyalyq negizde jәne proporsionaldy-partiyalyq jýie boyynsha birpalataly parlament – Qúryltay saylauy ótti. Bes jyldyq qúziretti merzimge belgilengen 145 deputatattyq mandattan qúralghan búl Qúryltay eldegi zang biyligin jýzege asyratyn jogharghy ókiletti organ sanalady.

Sonymen birge sol jana Konstitusiyanyng negizinde halyq mýddesin qorghaytyn, qogham men biylik arasyndaghy jalpyhalyqtyq dialogty qalyptastyratyn jogharghy konsulitativtik organ – Halyq Kenesi qúryldy. Búl Kenes elding ishki sayasatyna qatysty negizgi baghyttardy aiqyndau, zanshygharushylyq jәne jalpyhalyqtyq referendum taghayyndau jónindegi bastamashylyq qúziretke ie boldy.

Taghy da sol jana Konstitusiya talaby boyynsha, Preziydentting jarlyghymen bekitiletin viyse-preziydent lauazymy taghayyndaldy. Eldegi kýshtik qúrylymdardy mýmkin bolarlyq tәuekelderge tótep beru mýmkindikterin júmyldyrushy organ – Preziydentke tikeley baghynatyn Qauipsizdik kenesi men onyng apparaty qúryldy.

Mine, osynday konstitusiyalyq reformalardyng nәtiyjesinde memlekettik ókimet iyerarhiyasynyng jana arhiytekturasy jasaqtaldy. Qoryta kelgende, mening oiymsha, múnyng barlyghy әlemdik tәrtipting (miroporyadok) kýrt ózgerui men Qazaqstannyng ishki-syrtqy damu jaghdayyna әser etui mýmkin halyqaralyq qatynastardyng jana vektoryna dayyndyqtyng qam-qareketi dep aita alamyn.

Birpalataly Qúryltaydy qúrghan parlamenttik saylau kezinde men birtop qoghamshyl azamattardyng bastamasy boyynsha qúrylghan «Halyq ýni» baqylaushylar qataryna óz qalauymmen kirip, saylau barysyn bayqau prosesine qatystym. Jalpy, saylauda dauys beru prosesin 51 myng últtyq, 777 halyqaralyq bayqaushylar baqylady.

Dauys beru kezinde (23.08.2026) Almaty qalasyndaghy birneshe saylau uchaskelerin aralap, tәuelsiz úiymdar men partiyalardyng baqylaushylarymen kezdesip, zang búzushylyqtar jóninde súrastyrdym. Olardyng birde-biri eshqanday oghash zansyzdyqtar bolmaghanyn aitty.

IYә, saylaudy baqylaugha OBSE tarapynan kelgen delegasiyanyng jekelegen syn-eskertpeleri boldy. Biraq saylau barysynda oryn alghan biren-sarang lokalidy qayshylyqtar saylaudyng songhy nәtiyjesine әser etpegenin azamattyq túrghyda jauapkershilikpen mәlimdey alamyn.

Konferensiyagha qatysushylardyng nazaryna bir faktini aitqym keledi. Referendum kampaniyasy kezinde «QR Saylau turaly zanyn» búzdy degen aiyppen qogham belsendisi Orazaly Erjanov qylmystyq jauapqa tartyldy. Búl qoghamshyl belsendi azamatty jaqsy tanityndyqtan jәne 2023 jylgha deyin bir qoghamdyq úiymda mýshe bolghandyqtan, Parlament deputaty retinde men oghan arasha týsu ýshin, Qazaqstannyng Bas prokuroryna deyin bardym.

Biraq Erjanov myrzagha qatysty qozghalghan ispen tanysu barysynda onyng zang búzghanyna (vosprepyatstvovanie izbiratelinomu pravu grajdan s uchastiyem inostrannyh resursov) Bas prokuror kózimdi jetkizdi. Ol shetelderding birinde ashylghan onlayn akkaunt arqyly saylaushylardy boykot jasaugha shaqyrghan eken. Saylaushynyng saylaugha qatysu jәne dauys beru erik-jigerine syrttan kedergi jasau – Qazaqstan zany boyynsha qylmystyq jauapqa tartylatyn jaghday ekeni týsinikti jәit bolsa kerek.

Keyinnen O.Erjanovqa qatysty sot bolyp, oghan shartty týrde jaza taghayyndaldy. Ony týrmege qamamay, әldeqayda jenil jazamen qútyluyna deputat retinde aralasqanymdy osy jerde birinshi ret aityp otyrmyn.

Jalpy, әlem elderindegi saylau prosesterine әldebir syrtqy kýshterding zansyz aralasu jaghdayy songhy jyldary etek alyp bara jatqany osyndaghy barlyq qatysushylargha belgili jәit dep bilem. AQSh-taghy songhy preziydenttik saylaugha internet resurstar arqyly qay elding aralasqany ashyq aqparat kózderinde jariyalandy.

Sol siyaqty Germaniya, Vengriya, Rumyniya, Gruziya jәne Moldova memleketterindegi parlamenttik saylaular men ol saylaulardyng nәtiyjesine qay memleket yqpal etuge tyrysqany taghy da belgili. Braziliyadaghy saylaugha qay elding syrttan zansyz aralasqany bir apta búryn ghana jariya bolghan jaghday!

Sol siyaqty globaldy aqparattyq qauip-qaterler kýsheygen jaghdayda Evraziya kontiynentindegi tynyshtyq pen túraqtylyq aralyna ainalghan Qazaqstangha jәne onyng ókimetine yqpal etuge mýddeli kýshter bar ekenin men jaqsy bilemin. Búl endi jahandanu internet-tehnologiya sharyqtap damyghan zamanynda әldebir memleket jekeley sheshe alatyn mәsele bolmasa kerek.

Býginde jahandyq ýreyli ýrdiske ainalyp bara jatqan múnday aqparattyq agressiya men onlayn intervensiya problemasyn OON men OBSE siyaqty halyqaralyq bedeldi úiymdardyng shenberinde talqylau kerek shyghar. Qazirgi әlemning sayasy túraqtylyghy jeke últtyq memleketterding derbes jәne tynyshtyq jaghdayynda damuyna baylanysty ekeni aitpasa da týsinikti boluy tiyis!

Ermúrat Bapiy,

Qazaqstannyng Halyq Kenesining mýshesi. Varshava (Polisha),

12 qazan, 2026 jyl

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