Qazaq tarihynyng qay-qay taram joldarynda da qara­shanyng qayghy-múnyn jahangha jar salyp-jariyalaghan bilekti batyr, jýrekti jyraular bolghan. Qazaqtyng “jyrau” atauy – “jyr” sózinen tuyn­daydy. Jyrau – óz janynan shygharyp jyr tógetin әri epikalyq dastandar men tolghaulardy oryndaytyn halyq poeziyasynyng ókili. Jyrau túlghasynyng tarihy terende, talant-talghamymen óz janynan suyryp jyrlay­tyn jyraular XV ghasyrda ghana tua salghan joq. Naghyz halyq janashyrlary bolghan jyraulyq mektepting týpnegizi abyzdardan bastalady. Jyraular – jyr shygharyp, tolghau aityp qana qoyghan joq, el basyna kýn tughan jaugershilik zamandarda atqa qonyp, jaugha attanghan batyr hәm qolbasylar da boldy.

“Qarataudy jaylasam, Syrdyng boyyn qystasam,

Basy baytaq, ayaghy taypaq qonys eken”, – dep, Asanqayghy babamyz kýnirentpekshi, ha­lyq auyz әdebiyetining altyn tú­ghyry – jyraulyq ónerding bas­ty bitimi: halyqtyng mún-za­ryn jetkizu, jaysang jol men sony soqpaqqa baghyt kór­se­tu, namysty naqyl men berekeli bata arqyly últtyng úlyq­tyghyn jyrlap, jigerin qayrau.

Aybynda Abylaydyng artyq­tyghyn madaqtap, aiybyn taraq­taghan qazaqtyng birtuar jyr­shy­sy Búqar jyrau bylay degen:

“Biyik taugha jarasar,

Yghynan tiygen panasy.

Tereng saygha jarasar,

Tobylghyly salasy.

Er jigitke jarasar,

Qolyna alghan nayzasy,

By jigitke jarasar,

Halqyna tiygen paydasy”

Mineki, qazaqtyng bas jyrauy taudyng panasy – yq, saydyng salasy – tobylghyly, jigitting namysy – nayza, jyraudyng tili – әdil bolghanda ghana el irgesining berik, keleshegining kemeldigin kórsetedi.

Bizding zamandasymyz, dýniye­den erterek ótken qazaqtyng belgili bard-әnshisi әri aqyny Tabyldy Dosymov: “Bardizm – por­tugal halqynyng gita­ra­men aitylatyn jenis jyr­lary­nan bastau alsa kerek. Búl janr­men alghash shyqqandardyng biri jәne tanymal bolghany Vladimir Vysoskiy. Júrt jaqsy qabyl­damasa, Vysos­kiy sonday ataqty bolmas edi. Bardizm­ning eng basty er­ek­sheligi – ólenning mәtini bi­rinshi orynda túrady. De­mek, múnda әuen ólendi ha­lyq­qa jetkizetin kómekshi qú­ral ghana. Búl ónerge qazaq oq­shau qaramauy kerek. Kó­she әnderin, avtorlyq әn­der­di oryndaushylar óz­de­ri shygharghan әndi mәtini­men aitady. Búlardy “bardiys­ter” deuge kelmeydi, olarda, negizinen, әuen birinshi kezekte túrady. Sózinde mәn bola ber­mey­di. Ayyrmashylyq – osy. Jalpy, halyqqa jetkizgisi kel­genin әuenmen beru bizde bú­rynnan bar. Sonau ghasyrdan ghasyr asyp jetken jyraulyq dәstýrimizde, ótkennen mú­ra bolyp qalghan aitys ón­er­inde de órilgen órnekti sóz­di әuenmen jetkizu bar. Son­dyqtan bard – qazaqtan al­shaq úghym dep aita al­may­myz. Ayyrmashylyq – tek aspabynda ghana. Qaz­aq­tar dombyramen, qo­byz­ben sýiemeldese, na­ghyz bardtyq shygharma gita­ra­men aitylady. Keshegi jau­gershilik zamanda da halyqqa, batyrlargha ruh bergen osy syndy әnder. Aqyn jýregindegi qaharmandyq sózderin osy arqyly jetkizdi. Bard – bizdinshe, jyrau. Demek, búl ónerding eshkimge de jattyghy joq” – degen bolatyn.

Býgingi tanda elimizde ózining azamattyq kózqarasyn batyl aityp, bard salasynda ony naqty ispen dәleldep, tól-tuma әnderimen halyq sanasyn oyatudy maqsat etken tanymal bard-әnshi, qogham belsendisi Janat ESENTAEV halyq arasynda “Qazaqtyng Vysoskiyi” atanyp ketti.

“Ózim bala kezimnen gita­ra­gha qyzyghyp, oinaudy ýiren­dim. 15-16 jastan bastap ól­eng jaza bastadym. Eng al­ghash­qy qarlyghash-ólenderim qyz­dargha degen ystyq sezim­ge, kórshi-qolangha degen syi­lastyq-qúrmetke, qo­gham­daghy keybir kelensiz jagh­daylargha baylanysty ja­zyl­dy. Mening anam jas kezinde óleng jazghan. Endi mening tikminezdiligim men kýreskerligim óz ata­la­rymnan daryghan boluy ke­rek” – dep, aghynan jaryl­ghan jana zamannyng tyng te­geu­rindi túlghasy Janat jy­rau 1995 jyldary halyq ara­syn­da orasan zor bedeldi bol­ghan aduyndy aqyndar Múhtar Shahanovpen Oljas Sýleymenov shetelderge elshilikke jiberilgende, “biylikten bedeli biyikterge” әdeyi arnap, ýsh shumaq ój­et ólenin órbitse; 1999 jyl­ghy preziydenttik saylaugha qa­tys­qan Ghany Qasymovtyng teleekranda vaza laqtyryp, staqan syndyrghan sayasy oiyn, qamsyz quyrshaqtyghyn taghy da syn sadaghyna aldy. Shyghys shayyry Omar Hayyamnyng ózi:

“Esly melinisu, banu, roskoshnyy dvores,

Poluchaet v podarok durak y podles,

A dostoynyy iydyot v kabalu iyz-za hleba –

Mne plevati na tvoiy spravedlivosti, tvores!” – dep, dýniyeni dýr silkindirse, qazaqtyng qarapayym da qaysar jyrshysy Janat Esentaev:

“Bizde ne kóp partiya kóp,

Aytar syny, daty da kóp.

Biraq, biraq ishinde,

Mahambettey batyry joq!” – dep, tereng tolghap, qopara qozghaydy.

Shyndyq der kezinde aityl­ma­sa, kesh aitqan sózding bos dau­ryqpalyghyn úghynyp, Ma­hambetting aqyndyghymen qo­sa, kýreskerligin pir tútqan Ja­natjyrau jeti ay ereuilding aq­yrynda azap shekken Ja­naózen múnayshylaryn qol­dau­gha barghanda qaharyna minip:

“...Basyna jaman kýn tusa,

Birindi-biring satasyn...” – dep, shyndyq-shapalaghymen ayausyz salyp ta jiberedi...

Adamzat qoghamynyng qaysy kezeninde de kózi ashyq, kókiregi oyau adamdar shynyraudan shyndyq tartqan jyrlardy týsinip, jadyna serik qylghan. Esentaevtyng esti jyrlary men әserli әnderine tәnti qauym aimaqtardan arnayy shaqyrtyp jatady. Biraq, shaqyrtugha barugha mýmkindikter bolghanymen, audan-auyldarda klubtardy, mәdeniyet ýilerin shyndyq jyrshysyna kóbine-kóp jalgha bermeydi. Basty mә­sele – qarjy emes, jergilikti әkim-qararlardyng kedergisi, ha­lyqtyng jinaluyna tosqauyl qoyyluy.

Janattyng shygharmalaryn teledidar da kórsetpeydi, radiotoraptardan da ótkiz­beydi. Sondyqtan, kópshilikting beyhabar boluy da mýmkin. Degenmen, kezinde Vysoskiyding de telearna men radiotorapqa shyqpay-aq milliondardyng jýregin jaulaghanyn Esentaev esinen shygharmay, kóniline medeu qylady.

2005 jyly әnderin kassetagha jazyp-taratyp, bes myng dana­men 24 әni engen kompakt-diski­si de shyqqan Janattyng qazir 1000-nan astam shygharmasy bar. KazGU-dyng filfagyn ón­erge jaqyn bolghan song gha­na oqyp, óz mamandyghy boy­ynsha júmys istemegen ol ónerin baghalap, qoldau kór­set­ken kәsipkerlerding arqa­syn­da aqiqat terip, әn saludy ghúmyrynyng ózegine ainaldyrdy.

2001 jyly qúrylghan Qazaq­stan­nyng demokratiyalyq tan­dauy qozghalysynyng qúra­myna 2002 jyldyng aya­ghyn­da óz erkimen kirgen jiger­li jigit:“Sayasattan basqa ta­qyryptargha әn aitqym kel­meydi...” – dep mәlimdep, әnin aityp, halyqqa jet­kizip, shyndyq jolynda jýr­gendikten, “Aqyn belgili par­tiya qatarynda emes, býkil qarapayym halyqtyng ortasynda jýrui kerek” – degen tújyrym-týiin jasady.

“Jiyrma jylda ne ózgerdi elimde, Kelimsekter shyghyp aldy tórime...” – deytin tura sóz, shymyr shyndyq shendige jaqpaydy. Ólenderi tikeley biylik basyndaghy sheneunikterge qaratyp aitylghandyqtan, ózi “tentek”, óleni tarpang Janat Esentaevqa boydaq kezinde jii tekseruler jýrgizilip, baqylau jasalatyn. Qazir aqynnyng óz oiyn, jýrek sózin jetkizuine ýlken kedergiler joq. Qalyng qazaq qoldaytyn ónerpazgha qysym kórsetu, qiyanat qylyp, qastandyq jasau – eshkimge abyroy әpermeydi.

Keshirek 35 jasynda otbasyn qúryp, otau kóterdi. Ghúmyrlyq júbayy jasampaz jyrshy-serigining sergek óneri men tandaghan soqtyqpaly soqpaghyn tereng týsinip, qoldau kórsetip, demep otyrady. Batyldyghy men batyrlyghy qatar bard oryndaushysynyng Pavlodar oblysynyng búrynghy әkimi, qogham qayratkeri Ghalymjan Jaqiyanovtyng qúrmetine qoyylghan GhALYMJAN esimdi úly ósip keledi...

Qazaghynyng qasiret-qayghysy men qiynshylyq-qiyapatyn birge keship kele jatqan jy­rau 42 jasqa tolghanynda de­meu­shileri men dostarynyng jiy­yp bergen 500 myng ten­ge qarajatyn “Júldyz” qayy­rym­dylyq qory arqyly syr­qat sәbiylerge taratyp berdi.

Áni men jyry halyq sanasyna tez jetip, quatty әser syilaytyn jyrshynyng ólenderine syn aitylmaydy. Qazaqtyng esebi joq kóp toylarynda Janat Esentaev tilegin aityp, artynsha sayasy ólenderining tyghynyn ashyp jiberedi. Dabyrlaghan kópshilik lezde tynyshtala qalyp, menireu ýnsizdik ornaydy. Shymyr shumaq, shyndyq sózden ýrkip-qorqyp qalatyndar da bolady, aqiqattyng aitylghanyna aiyzy qanyp, kókirek-sarayy ashylghandar da kezdesedi. Toygha arnalghan әni joq jyraudyng jýrek syry men shyndyq jyryn esitip esin jiyp, etegin jinaghan el rizashylyqpen qol soghady...

Arqankergen, Janaózen, Shetpe, Shúbarshy oqighalary turaly tolghamdy jyr aityp, tolymdy oy tolghaghan bardy-әnshi Janat Esentaev Oral qalasyndaghy “Zeniyt” mәdeniyet ýiinde tegin konsert berip, jinalghan qarjyny Janaózen qúrbandarynyng jaqyndaryna audarmaqshy bolghanda, kedergi qoyylyp, rúqsat etilmedi...

“Estir qúlaq tyndar ma eken aqyndy, Azghan júrtyng syilar ma eken batyrdy...” – dep, zor dauys, óktem keudemen әn shyrqaghan qaysar qayratker keskilesken kýres, kóldeneng kedergilerdi búzyp-jaryp jýrip, Jayyq jaghalauynyng bas qalasynda “Janózenim tanytpasyn jalghyzdyq” atty avtorlyq keshin ótkiz­di. Keshting maqsaty – janaózen­dikterge býkil qoghamnyng nazaryn audaryp, jan-jaqty qoldau bildiru bolatyn.

Qadym zamandarda halyqty biriktirip, bir júdyryqtay júmyldyrudy kóksegen qazaqtyng qabyrghaly jyrauy Dulat Babatayúly:

“Batyrlyqtyng sәni joq,

Týn úiqysyn tórt bólip,

Elirgen túlpar erttelip,

Tolghauly nayza qolgha alyp,

Túighyn qústay tolghanyp,

Sary sadaq asynyp,

Egesken jaudy qashyryp,

Úlyn qoryp jauynan,

Ereulegen eger dauynan,

Tútamdap oq jonbasa...” – dep jyrlaghanda, sirә, oqshau oi, ashy shyndyq aitylmasa – halyqtyng qúldyq sanadan arylmasyn, súrqiya sayasattyng qiyampyr-qúityrqysyn bilme­sin sezinip, jeniske jetu ýshin әrdayym jana buyn men jasampaz jyrshynyng kerektigin týsinse kerek.

...Adamzat algha adymdap ba­syp, órkeniyet tórine telmir­gen zamanda óneri men óleni arqyly qazaqtyng sanasy men namysyn oyatyp, ar-úyaty men ruhyn jigerlendirudi maqsút tútqan baytaq qazaq dalasynyng býgingi batyl jyrshysy, jýregi jaraly jyrauy Janat Esentaev jeltoqsannyng jeldi kýn, yzgharly tanynda Aqtaudyng bas alanynda aqiqat jayly әn shyrqauda...

Qajymúqan GhABDOLLA.

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