44 bala shaldyqqan
Tuberkulez – adam aghzasyna tuberkulez tayaqshalarynyng enuinen payda bolatyn júqpaly auru. Oghan tyrnaqtan basqa barlyq dene mýsheleri shaldyghady. Onyng payda boluynyng negizgi faktorlary – әleumettik jaghdaydyng tómendeui, ekologiya, dúrys tamaqtanbau, immuniytetting әlsireui, suyq tii, stress, nauqas adamdarmen qarym-qatynasta bolu. Dýniyejýzilik densaulyq saqtau úiymynyng mәlimetinshe, tuberkulezben auyratyndardyng 75 payyzy 20-40 jas aralyghyndaghylar. Býginde oblystyq tuberkulezge qarsy dispanserde 1870 nauqas esepte túrsa, 2014 jyly dispanserlik esepke 2367 adam alynghan. Biyl esepke alynghandardyng ishinde 44 bala men 62 jasóspirim bar. Osy jyldyng 9 ailyq qorytyndysy boyynsha balalar arasynda aurushandyq kórsetkishi 8,9 payyzgha tómendese, jasóspirimder arasynda bir dengeyde saqtalyp otyrghanyn aitady. Nauqastardyng basym bóligi – Maqtaral, Qazyghúrt, Shardara, Arys, Ordabasy, Týlkibas, Shymkent qalasynyng túrghyndary. Bir quanarlyghy, mamandardyng sózinshe, songhy 3 jyl kóleminde tuberkulezding asqynghan týrlerimen tirkeuge alynghandar joq. Osydan-aq, ónirimizde tuberkulezge shaldyqqandardyng sany jyl ótken sayyn azayyp otyrghany angharylady. Múnyng barlyghy da jýieli jýrgiziletin júmystar men uaqytyly em-domnyng arqasy bolsa kerek.
Dispanserding bas dәrigeri Bolathan Saghymbekovtyng aytuynsha, búl dert bayau damidy, biraq úzaqqa sozylady. Alayda, onyng jyldam bastalatyn jedel týri de bar. Aurudyng qay týri bolmasyn ony emdeu ýshin úzaq uaqyt pen shydamdylyq kerek. Eger aurudy erte anyqtap, der kezinde emdese, tolyqqandy aiyghyp ketuge bolady. Sondyqtan da:
— jótel,
— әlsizdik,
— dene qyzuynyng kóterilui,
-keude túsynyng auruy,
-tәbettin, salmaqtyn, júmysqa degen qabiletting tómendeui bayqalysymen-aq, dәrigerge qaralu kerek. Sebebi, tek dәriger ghana sizding jaghdayynyzdy saralay alady. Kerek bolsa, rentgenografiya, flurografiyagha jiberedi. Sonday-aq, aurudy anyqtau ýshin, qaqyryqty saraptamagha jiberse, balalar men jasóspirimderge tuberkulin synaghyn (mantu) qoyady. Eger saraptama qorytyndysy ong bolsa, nauqas tez arada auruhanagha jatqyzylyp, oghan auruyna baylanysty em-dom taghayyndalady.
Dispanserde dertti anyqtau jәne emdeu ýshin qysqa merzimdi qatang baqylauda jýrgiziletin em (DOTS), saumal ishu baghdarlamasy engizilgen. DOTS baghdarlamasyna sәikes memleket nauqastardy qúnarly taghammen, dәri-dәrmektermen tegin qamtamasyz etse, saumal nauqastardyng immuniytetin kóterude taptyrmas em. Osy baghdarlama ayasynda tuberkulezden keyingi qaldyqty ózgeristeri bar jәne ókpe-bronhy aurularyna shaldyqqandar emin «Balyqshy» shipajayynda jalghastyra alady. Búdan bólek, oblystaghy barlyq tuberkulezge qarsy mekemelerde bakterioskopiyalyq zerthanalar júmys isteydi. Al, tuberkulezding júqpaly týrin anyqtau maqsatynda qosymsha jana 6 mikroskopiyalyq zerthana bar. Sonday-aq, múnda himiorezistentti tuberkulezdi diagnostikalau, tuberkulezge qarsy dәrilerge sezimtaldyq testi qoyylady. Respublika boyynsha tendesi joq «Baktek» apparaty arqyly sezimtaldyqty 2 saghatta anyqtaugha bolady. Dәrigerlerding aituynsha, jýrgizilgen tiyimdi sharalardyng arqasynda basqa ónir-lermen salystyrghanda oblys-ta tuberkulezben auyratyn nauqastardyng sany birshama azayyp keledi. Biraq, mamandar saqtyqta qorlyq joq ekenin aitady. Sondyqtan da, jylyna bir ret profilaktikalyq tekseruden ótuge kenes berdi. Al, tuberkulezge qarsy kýresu ýshin:
– BSJ vaksinasynan keyin tyrtyq damyghan balalargha ekpeni qaytalap egu kerek;
– nauqastyng emin ortalyqtan baqylau qajet;
– himioprofilaktikany jәne ambulatorlyq emdi tikeley baqylaudy keneytu kerek;
– tuberkulez oshaghyndaghy júmystardy kýsheytu kerek.
Ishanbay Qúdaybergenov, úiymdastyru әdistemelik bólimining mengerushisi:
– Eger de әrbir adam óz densaulyghyna nemqúrayly qaramay, jylyna profilaktikalyq tekseruden ótip túrsa ghana aurudyng aldyn alugha bolady. Biraq, kóp jaghdayda nauqastar dertin asqyndyryp alyp keledi. Asqynghan aurudy emdeu әriyne qiyn. Biraq, bizde barlyq em tegin jasalady.
Aytpaqshy…
Oblysymyzda tuberkulezben auyratyndardyng sany jyl ótken sayyn azayyp otyrghandyghy quantarlyq jayt, әriyne. Búl oblystyq tuberkulezge qarsy dispanser mamandarynyng qarqyndy júmysynyng nәtiyjesi ekenin de aita ótken jón. Biraq, bir әttegen-ayy bar. Ol atalmysh dispanserding qalanyng qaq ortasynda qalyp ketkeni bolyp túr. Qazir emdeu mekemesining jan-jaghynda túrghyn ýiler, bazar, basqa da auruhanalar bar. 1925 jyly mekemening irgetasy qalanghanda shahar halqynyng sany – 691 571 adam bolatyn. Uaqyt óte Shymkentting auqymy úlghayyp, halyq sany birshama ósti. Sóitip, auruhana qalanyng qaq ortasynda qalyp qoydy. Aurudyng auamen taralatynyn eskersek, sol mandaghy túrghyndardyng alandaushylyghyn týsinuge bolady. Sebebi, múndaghy júrt dispanser emdelushilerining ghimarat aulasynda emin-erkin jýrgenin, olargha kelushilerding sany ýzilmeytinin jii aityp jýr. Dәl osynday jaghday qalalyq tubdispanserde de qalyptasyp otyr. Osyghan oray birqatar halyq qalaulylary ýkimet basshysynan atalghan emdeu mekemelerin epiydemiologiyalyq túrghydan qauipsiz qala syrtyna shygharu mәselesin súraghan bolatyn. Deputattyq saualdyng tolyq mәtinin gazetimizding №44 sanynda jariyaladyq.
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Ayjan Ermekqyzy
