Qarashyghanaq gazkondensat ken orny — әlemdegi eng iri múnaygazkondensat ken orny bolyp tabylady. Onda 1,2 milliard tonnadan astam múnay men kondensat jәne 1,35 trillion tekshe metr gaz qory bar dep baghalanghan.

Qarashyghanaq gazkondensat ken orny — әlemdegi eng iri múnaygazkondensat ken orny bolyp tabylady. Onda 1,2 milliard tonnadan astam múnay men kondensat jәne 1,35 trillion tekshe metr gaz qory bar dep baghalanghan.
Ony iygerumen ainalysatyn «Karachaganak Petroleum Operating B.V» (KRO) atty sheteldik kompaniyalar konsorsiumyna kiretin «British Gaz Group» (BG) pen italiyandyq «ENI-din» enshisinde 32,5 payyzdan, amerikandyq  «Chevronda» 20 payyz, reseylik «Lukoylda» 15 payyz aksiya ýlesi bar bolsa, ghasyr jobasy atalghan búl baghdarlamada Qazaqstannyng ýlesi joq. Álde qarjy daghdarysy әser etti me, bolmasa sheteldik kompaniyalar qúlyqsyzdyq tanytty ma, әiteuir, belgisiz bir sebeptermen Qarashyghanaq múnaygazkondensat ken orny bazasy negizinde Qazaqstanda  gaz óndeu zauytyn saludy kózdegen  jobanyng ýshinshi kezenin jýzege asyru merzimi  taghy da keyinge shegerildi. Búl ózi ótken ghasyrdyng 90-ynshy jyldarynan beri qozghalyp kele jatqan «saqaldy» mәsele. Osydan birneshe jyl búryn investorlarmen birlese otyryp aldyn ala janadan salynuy tiyis gaz óndeytin zauyt qúrylysynyng baghasy da shygharylghan bolatyn. Osy jobagha ýlken ýmit artqan Qazaqstan biyligi atalghan GÓZ bazasynda himiya jәne múnayhimiya industriyasy salasyna qatysty shaghyn kәsiporyndar saludy josparlaghan edi. Endi, mine, sol ýmitting bәri jelge úshqanday boldy. Josparlanghan maqsatty jobanyng qanday sebepterge baylanysty iske aspay qalghandyghyn bilmek bolghan Mәjilis deputattarynyng saualyna QR Energetika jәne industriya ministri Sauat Mynbaev: «Jobanyng ýshinshi kezenin iske asyru merzimin keyinge shegerudi oilap shygharghan — biz emes, KRO mýsheleri. Bizge Qarashyghanaq ken  rnyn iygeruding ýshinshi kezeni men Reseydegi Orynbor gaz óndeu zauyty bazasy negizinde Birlesken kәsiporyn (BK) qúru turaly  mәselening basyn anyq ashyp alu kerek. Óitkeni, qazirgi әlemdik qarjy daghdarysyna baylanysty, Qarashyghanaq jobasyna qatysushy BG pen Agip atalghan jobany iske asyrugha mýmkindikteri joq ekenin algha tartyp, onyng merzimin keri shegerudi súrap otyr»,— dep jauap berdi. Jaghday osylay qalyptassa, Qazaqstanda gaz óndeu zauyty mýldem salynbay qaluy da ghajap emes. Qiyn jaghdaygha qaramastan, Resey jaghy Orynbor ken ornynyng qory týgesilgendigin algha tartyp, Qazaqstanmen Orynbor GÓZ-ine qoyylatyn gaz kólemin arttyru men sonyng bazasy negizinde Birlesken kәsiporyn (BK) qúrugha qyzyghushylyq tanytyp, osy mәseleler boyynsha kelissózderdi  odan әri jalghastyruda.
Kenes dәuirinde Qarashyghanaq gazy shiyki kýiinde әr 1 myng tekshe metrine alghashynda 6, sonyra 11 dollar baghamen Orynbor GÓZ-ine jiberiletin de, qayta óndeuden ótken gaz әri qaray óndeu ýshin Bashqúrtstan men Tatarstandaghy himiyalyq kәsiporyndargha jóneltiletin. Búl ýrdisti sol kezderi Kremlidegi energetikalyq vedomstvo basshylary Qarashyghanaq gazy arnayy Orynbor GÓZ-ine jiberiletindikten, Qazaqstanda basqa bir gaz óndeu zauytyn saludyng esh qajeti joq degen jeleumen  týsindirgen-di.  Osylaysha, mysy basym Mәskeuding túqyrtuymen qazaq gazy Reseyge toqtausyz jóneltilip túrsa da, kógildir otyn eksportqa shygharylatyn aimaqta túratyn Qazaqstannyng auyldy mekenderi gazben qamtamasyz etilmegen kýiinde qalyp kelgen edi. Qazaqstannyng 90-y jyldardyng ózinde atalghan ken ornyn iygeruge sheteldik investorlardy tartugha niyet bildiruining astarynda osynday manyzdy sebep jatqan-dy. Alghashqy kelisim-shart 40 jyl merzimge 1997 jyly jasaldy. Jobanyng alghashqy mýshesi orystar jaghynan  «Gazprom» bolsa, keyinirek ol óz ýlesin reseylik «Lukoylgha» berdi. El mýddesin qashan da birinshi oryngha qoyatyn Resey Orynbor GÓZ-ine jyl boyy qajet gazdy Qazaqstannan 5 milliard tekshe metrden satyp aludan bastasa, 2030 jylgha qaray búl kórsetkishti 15 milliard tekshe metrge deyin úlghaytudy kózdep otyr. 2007 jyldyng qorytyndysy boyynsha, Orynbor GÓZ-ine 7,4 milliard tekshe metr gaz jóneltilse, 2012 jylgha qaray búl kólemdi 12 miliiard tekshe metrge jetkizu josparlanghan. Óitkeni, quaty jylyna 37,5 milliard tekshe metr gaz óndeuge jetetindigine qaramastan, әzirshe Orynbor GÓZ-i tek 17 milliard tekshe metr ghana gaz óndep shygharuda. Mine, osylaysha Resey jaghy kóp jyldar boyy jýrgizgen kelissózderi arqasynda óz elining mýddesin tolyq qorghap shygha aldy dese bolady. Al, biz she? Áy, qaydam....
Sosyn, osy BK qúru men zauyt salugha baylanysty kelissózderding úzaqqa sozyluynyng taghy bir sebebi bar, ol — shyghyn qarajatyna baylanysty kelispeushilik. Resey Qazaqstangha janadan qúrylghan BK-ning 50 payyzdyq ýlesin satyp aludy úsynady da, ózi onyng qúramyna kiru ýshin BK-ning jarghylyq qoryna  GÓZ-ding aktiyvin salumen ghana qútyludy oilaydy. Búdan basqa, eki jaq Orynbor GÓZ-in janartugha aqsha saluy tiyis. 2006 jyly jýrgizilgen baghalau qorytyndysy boyynsha, jobagha osylaysha qatysu Qazaqstan ýshin 750 million dollargha týspek. Al, Qazaqstanda su jana GÓZ salugha eng beri degende 1-1,2 milliard dollar qarajat ketedi. Qazaqstan jaghynyng atalghan kelissózder barysynda jýz oilanyp, myng tolghanuyna osy faktiler de әser etetin synayly.
Dey túrghanmen, Resey jaghynyng Qazaqstan gazyna taskenedey jabysyp, odan aiyrylmaugha bar kýsh-jigerin saluyna tandanbasqa bolmaydy. Oghan sebep, Nijnevoljsk geologiya jәne geofizika ghylymiy-zertteu institutynyng geologtary ózderi jýrgizgen seysmikalyq barlau júmystarynyng nәtiyjesinde Reseyding Saratov oblysynyng Dergachev audanynda múnay men gazdyng mol qory bar ekendigin anyqtap (2 milliard tonna múnay), 2007 jyly búl turaly «Rosnedr» baspasóz qyzmeti habardar etken edi. D1 kategoriyasy boyynsha, atalghan ken ornyndaghy boljamdyq tabighy baylyq qory 1 milliard tonna shartty otyndy qúraydy desedi. Taghy bir ashyq ken orny Ozinsk múnaygaz aimaghyndaghy qordyng qansha ekendigi 2010 jyly jýrgiziletin búrghylau júmystarynan keyin belgili bolmaq. Osyghan qaraghanda, orystarda Orynbor GÓZ-ine qajetti shiykizat qory  jeterlik siyaqty. Soghan qaramastan, olar ony paydalanghysy kelmeydi. Nege? Onyng sebebi bireu-aq boluy mýmkin: búl baylyq qory — qymbat baghamen Batysqa satu arqyly orystardyng mol tabysqa keneluine mýmkindik beretin shiykizat kózi. Al, Qazaqstan shiykizaty olar ýshin arzangha týsedi. Sonda, búl oiynnan kim útyp, kim útylyp otyr?

Avtor Ermek Sahariyev   
«Qazaqstan-Zaman» gazeti 28 mamyr 2009 jyl