Almaty qalalyq sotynyng úiymdastyruymen Ál-Faraby atyndaghy Qazaq Últtyq uniyversiytetining ghylymy kitaphanasynda «Jeti Jarghy – dala demokratiyasynyng ozyq ýlgisi, memlekettik qúqyq pen sot biyligining altyn arqauy» atty halyqaralyq ghylymy tәjiriybelik konferensiya ótti.

Sharada Qazaqstan Respublikasy Jogharghy Sotynyng sudiyasy A.Qasymov Jogharghy Sot tóraghasy Qayrat Mәmiyding konferensiyagha qatysushylargha arnalghan qúttyqtau tilegin oqyp berdi.

Konferensiyada Últtyq ghylym akademiyasy tarih jәne etnologiya institutynyng diyrektory, professor M.Qoygeldi, filologiya ghylymynyng doktory, akademik S.Qirabaev, Dýniyejýzi qazaqtar qauymdastyghy respublikalyq qoghamdyq birlestigi tóraghasynyng birinshi orynbasary T.Mamashev, Halyqaralyq «Qazaq tili» qoghamynyng tóraghasy akademik Ó.Aytbayúly, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor H.M. Ábjanov, L.Gumiylev atyndaghy Euraziya últtyq uniyversiytetinin Tarih fakulitetining dekany, tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor Tilegen Sadyqov, tarihy taqyryptyng jazushylary Q.Júmadilov, B.Núrjekeúly sonday-aq, kórshiles Qyrghyzstan, Ózbekstan respublikalarynan kelgen ghalymdardyng bayandamalary tyndaldy.

Búl forum Qazaq handyghynyng 550 jyldyq mereytoyyn atap ótu ayasynda ótkizilip otyr. Sharanyng bastamasy Astana qalalyq sotynda «Qazaq handyghyn qalyptastyru men nyghaytudaghy Qazaq elining qúqyghy jәne biyler sotynyng tóreligi» taqyrybynda ótip, Qazaq handyghyn qalyptastyru men nyghaytudaghy Qazaq elining qúqyghy, biyler sotynyng tóreligi, dala zandarynyng memlekettik biylikti damytudaghy manyzy, memleket basqarudaghy handar men súltandardyng róli, biylerding zang shygharu qúqyghy, biylerding sot tóreligin jýrgizudegi әdildigi jәne tәuelsizdigi, Qazaq biyler sotynyng bitimgerlik róli jayyndaghy ghylymy maqalalar talqylanghan bolatyn.

Atalmysh sharagha Astana qalalyq sotynan delegasiya – sot tóraghasy Tilektes Bәrpibaev, sudiya Oralhan Túrsynov, mamandandyrylghan audanaralyq ekonomikalyq sotynyng sudiyasy Saya Bekish, qalalyq sottyng Kense basshysynyng orynbasary Aybol Ibragimov qatysty.

Sharada Astana qalalyq sotynyng tóraghasy Tilektes Bәrpibaev bayandama jasap, Qazaq handyghynyng qalyptasu túsynda Syrdariya boyyndaghy qalalar, Orta Aziya, Edil boyy, Sibir handyghy tútasymen Qasym hannyng biyligine qarap, kórshi memlekettermen beybit, ekonomikalyq, diplomatiyalyq baylanys ornatylghany, Tәuke hannyng «Jeti jarghy» dep atalatyn zandar jýiesi el birligi men túraqtylyghynyng kepili bolyp, Qazaq handyghyn nyghaytu jolynda jana biyikke kótergeni atalyp ótildi.

– «Qasym hannyng qasqa joly» men «Esim hannyng eski jolyn» negizge alyp qabyldanghan «Jeti jarghy» - qazaqtyng әdet-ghúrpy men salt-sanasyn qúqyqtyq retteushi faktory boldy. Ýsh jýzding basyn biriktirude ýsh jýzding tóbe biyleri saylandy. Olar tarihta aty qalghan Tóle, Qazybek, Áyteke biyler. «Kýltebening basynda kýnde jiyn» degen tirkes sóz de osy Tәuke hannyng túsynda payda boldy. Qazaqtyng súltandary, biyleri, batyrlary, aqsaqaldary maqúldaghan osy zang jýiesi el ishinde tuyndaghan kiykiljindi, dau-shardy sheshude manyzdy ról atqardy. Biyler halyqaralyq dәrejedegi barlyq isterge de tikeley aralasqan. Eng manyzdy degen memleketaralyq kelisim-sharttardy joghary dengeyde jýrgizuge, el ekonomikasyn jaqsartu jolynda tauar-sauda ainalymy men aiyrbas jasaudy jaqsartugha, memleketaralyq transshekaralyq aimaqtardy qauipsizdendiruge, әri keruen joldary men jýk tasymaldaudaghy kedendik sharttardy jýzege asyrugha, soghys jaghdayynda әskery odaq qúrugha, memleketaralyq dau-sharlar tuyndaghan jaghdayda, ol jónindegi sot isterine tórelik aitugha biyler tikeley aralasqan», - dedi Astana qalalyq sotynyng tóraghasy Tilektes Bәrpibaev.

Jiynda sóz alghan tarih ghylymdarynyng doktory, professor Tilegen Sadyqov HIH ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysyna deyin qazaq dalasynda biyler soty ýstemdik qúryp kelgenin, Patshalyq Resey tarapynan birneshe ret (1824, 1844, 1854) erejeler bekitilse de biyler soty halyqtyng kýndelikti ómirindegi tartystardy qalpyna keltiretin eng tura da әdil, ynghayly zang retinde óz ornyn saqtap qalyp, halyqtyng qúqyq dәstýrindegi qúqyqtyq erejelerding negizinde elde dana biyler qalyptasqandyghy jayynda oy sabaqtady. Ol óz sózinde: - «Qazaq halqynyng әdet-ghúryp normalarynyng artyqshylyghy qoldanylatyn jazalardyng tym qatal emes, yaghny izgilengeninen aiqyn kórinedi. Sondyqtan da bolar, qazaq dalasynda týrme, abaqty, bas bostandyghynan aiyru degen jazalau sharalary bolmaghan. Onyng esesine Tәuke han túsyndaghy «qangha qan» ústanymynyng ornyna biylerding yqpalymen qún tóleu instituty keninen qoldanylghan. Qún tóleu negizinde kisi óltirgeni ýshin nemese adamnyng dene mýshesine jaraqat týsirgeni ýshin belgili bir mólsherde moralidyq-materialdyq tólem aqy tóleu ústanymy boldy. Al, Tәuke han túsynda jýiege týsip qabyldanghan әdet zany el ómirinde ólsheusiz manyzdy qyzmet atqardy. Jeti arna bolyp, el ómirining jeti salasyn tútas qamtyghan әdet zanynyng jýiesi halyq, memleket, jeke adam tirshiligining barlyq baghyty boyynsha qaghidalar men erejelerdi qalyptastyrdy» dep atap ótti professor Tilegen Sadyqov.

Abylaydyng әskery qayratkerligi, qolbasylyq qabileti jóninde Astana qalasy mamandandyrylghan audanaralyq ekonomikalyq sotynyng sudiyasy Saya Bekish bayandady.

- «Abylay han XVIII ghasyrda Qazaq handyghynyng shekarasyn qalpyna keltirip, ýsh jýzding basyn biriktirdi. Abylay han qazaq handyghynyng quatyn arttyryp, irgeli memleketke ainaldyrdy. Resey men Qytay imperiyalarynyng arasynda ornalasqan Qazaq elining geosayasy jaghdayyna iykemdelgen sayasat jýrgizdi. Abylay hannyng sayasy kózqarastarynyng negizgi ózegi jәne iydeyasy – kýshti, tәuelsiz, bir ortalyqtan basqarylatyn qazaq memleketin qalyptastyru. Resey, Qytay siyaqty iri memlekettermen teng qúqyqtyq dәrejede qarym-qatynas jasau, bir-birining ishki isterine aralaspau prinsiypin moyyndatu boldy. Osy maqsatqa Abylay han syrtqy jәne ishki sayasatty qalyptastyrady»,- dedi sudiya Saya Bekish.

Biyler sotynyng әdildik prinsiypi – tәuelsiz elimizding sot jýiesining әlemdik standartqa say damuyna septigin tiygizgeni anyq. Qazaqstanda qúqyqtyq jәne zayyrly demokratiyalyq memleket qalyptastyru men damytu prosesindegi sot jýiesining qosqan ýlesi, memleketti qúqyqtyq ornyqtyrudyng manyzdyghy jóninde zerdeli oilar, parasatty payymdar, ghylymy zertteuler býgingi sot jýiisining damuyna zor ýles qosady. Biyler shygharghan zan-erejeler men ýkim-sheshimderding qazirgi respublika Konstitusiyasynan, qylmystyq, azamattyq kodeksterden, ózge de zandardan kórinis tabuy, Qazaq biyleri jýrgizgen әdilsot tәjiriybesine sýiene otyryp, qazirgi sot jýiesin jetildiruding ózekti problemalarynyng talqylanuy әli de dәstýrli qazaq qúqyghyn, biyler institutyn, sot tarihyn ghylymy túrghydan әli de zertteudi, zerdeleudi talap etetinin eskeremiz.

Memleket basshysy Núrsúltan Nazarbaev tәu eter tәuelsizdik toyynda: «Taghdyrdan talay teperish kórse de halqymyzdyng ruhy jasymaghan. Azattyq – Úly Dalany meken etken atalarymyzdyng asyl armany edi. Biz osy asqaq armangha qol jetkizdik. Bizge mynjyldyqtar toghysqan almaghayyp kezende memleket qúru, el bolu mindeti jýkteldi. ...Atameken jeri ýshin qasyqtay qanyn qighan danqty babalardyng attary úrpaqqa úran bolyp býginge jetti. Sondyqtan jyraular men abyzdardy, biyler men batyrlardy bar bolmysymen jas úrpaqtyng sanasyna siniru kerek» degenin jadymyzda ústaugha tiyispiz.

Qazaq handyghynyng 550 jyldyghyn toylau bastamasy Memleket Basshysy Núrsúltan Nazarbaevtyng «Mәngilik El» últtyq iydeyalogiyagha ainalghan iydeyasynyng bastamasy. Qazaq handyghynyng 550 jyldyq mereytoyyn atap ótu – sottardyng jana tarih betterin qayta qarap, sot jýiesining erterekten kele jatqan qúqyqtyq dәstýrin kenirek tanugha, býgingi úrpaqtyq sanasynda qayta janghyrtyp, bolashaqpen sabaqtasuyna mol mýmkindik beriledi.

Konferensiyanyng eki plenarlyq otyrystarynda qazaq memlekettiligining tarihy, qúqyq jýiesin qalyptastyru men biyler sotynyng róli turaly jiyrmadan astam ghylymy bayandamalar tyndaldy.

Osy shara ayasynda Almatydaghy №2 balalar ýiindegi tәrbiyelenushiler men BAQ ókilderin qatystyra otyryp, Memlekettik ortalyq múraghatta jәne Á.Qasteev atyndaghy memlekettik óner múrajayynda kezdesuler úiymdastyryldy.

Tynys Ahmetjanova,

Astana qalalyq sotynyng baspasóz qyzmeti

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