Stalin kezenindegi asharshylyq bir jarym million qazaqtyng ómirin jalmady. 1930 jәne 1933 jyldary Qazaqstan halqynyng tórtten biri kóz júmdy. Búl turaly Die Welt nemis basylymynda juyrda jaryq kórgen maqalada jazylady.

Nemis tarihshysy jәne Shyghys Europa boyynsha sarapshy-maman Robert Kindler tayauda jaryq kórgen zertteuinde Qazaqstandaghy asharshylyq turaly keninen jazghan. «Stalinning kóshpendileri» atty dissertasiyasynda ol «sosializm jәne kommunizmning kýshteu iydeologiyasyna tәn, úmyt bop bara jatqan qylmysty әshkerelep, suretteydi» delinedi Die Welt basylymynda.

«Ukrainadaghyday, Qazaqstanda da kenestik újymdastyrudyng maqsaty bayyrghy jýieni týbegeyli joyyp, ony basyp-janshuda kommunistik biylikti ornatu boldy. Sýiengen qaghidasy da qarapayym. Bay-kulaktarmen kýresudi sebep etip, Kenes odaghynyng shetkeri territoriyalaryndaghy auyl halqyna ýlken kólemde alym-salyq salyndy. Talap etilgen kólemdegi bidaydy әkelip ótkizbegender qamaugha alynyp, úryp-soqqygha jyghyldy nemese birden atu jazasyna kesildi. Sharualardyng kóbisi kelesi jylgha eguge saqtap otyrghan dәndi-daqyldaryn da memleketke ótkizuge mәjbýr bolghan» dep jazylady tarihshynyng dissertasiyasynda.

«Qazaqstannyng túrghylyqty halqy, negizinen, mal baqqandyqtan kóshpeli salt qúryp, baytaq dalanyng arghy jaghynan bergi jaghyna jyl mezgiline qaray kóship-qonyp jýrgen. 1929 jyly, yaghny Stalinning qughyn-sýrgin sayasatyna deyin statistika boyynsha Qazaqstan aumaghynda 36 million bas mal bolghan, onyng 24 milliony qoy men eshki, 6,8 milliony siyr bolghan. Ortasha eseppen әrbir otbasyna 41 bas mal tiyesili edi. Memleketke biday ótkizu turaly talap barlyq qazaq halqy ýshin (kóshpelisi bolsyn, otyryqshysy bolsyn) ýlken apat alyp keldi.

Malshylar biday satyp alu ýshin malyn satugha mәjbýr boldy. Sondyqtan bazarda bidaydyng baghasy sharyqtap, al maldyng baghasy qúnsyzdanyp ketti. Talap etilgen kólemdegi bidaydy ótkizbegen malshylar birden qamaugha alyndy, al maldary kәmpeskelendi. Osylaysha qysqa merzim ishinde Qazaqstannyng barlyq óniri boyynsha baghugha, qaraugha kelmeytin mal qarasy kóbeyip shygha keldi» dep jazady Die Welt.

Nemis tarihshysy keltirgen mәlimet boyynsha, Qazaqstandaghy qoldan újymdastyrudyng tórt jylynda el aumaghyndaghy bar iri-qaranyng 90 payyzynyng kózi joyyldy nemese syrtqa jiberildi: 1,6 mln iri-qara men 2,15 mln qoy men eshki qaldy. Endi ortasha eseppen әrbir otbasynda 2,2 bas mal boldy. Al búl kólem әri qaray tirshilik etu ýshin jetkiliksiz edi.

«Saldarynan bir jarym million adam asharshylyqtan qyryldy: әrbir tórtinshi malshy jәne respublikanyng әrbir tórtinshi azamaty osylaysha qúrbandyqqa úshyrady. Basqasha aitqanda, Stalinning essizdigi jergilikti halyqtyng basym bóligining ómirin jalmady. Búl aradaghy sandar 1975 jәne 1979 jyldarghy Kambodjadaghy Pol Pottyng basshylyghyndaghy «qyzyl khmerler» terrorynyng nәtiyjesine sayma say keledi» dep topshylaydy Robert Kindler.

Robert Kindlerding búl dissertasiyasy Iogann Gustav Droyzen atyndaghy syilyqqa úsynylyp jatyr. Jas tarihshy óz zertteuinde, negizinen, qazaqstandyq jәne reseylik múraghattardyng qújattaryn paydalanghan.

Dimash TÚRLYBEKOV.

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