Tәuelsizdigimizdi alghannan beri halqymyz­dyng ba­sy­nan keshken zúlmatty kenestendiru jyl­darynyng aqiqattaryn ashyq aitugha mým­kindik aldyq. Tarihshy ghalymdarymyz, zert­teushilerimiz ben izdenushilerimiz, әsirese újym­dastyru arqyly kelgen otyzynshy jyldardyng basyndaghy ashtyq nәubeti jóninde birqatar qúndy-qúndy zertteuler jasap, osy zúlmattyng aqiqattaryna jetu ýshin jan-jaqty izdenister jasauda. Sol zertteulerding әserinen kóptegen shyndyq beti ashyluda. Mysaly, ótken ghasyrdyng 20-jyldarynyng sony men 30-jyldarynyng ba­synaghy Qazaqstandaghy kýshtep újymdastyru ar­qyly kelgen asharshylyq qoldan jasalghan, iydeologiyagha negizdelgen sayasatty kózsiz jý­ze­ge asyrugha úmtylushylyqtyng nәtiyjesi edi. Kom­munistik partiyany qazaqtargha, odan keyin, bel­gili bir dәrejede basqa da kóshpeli halyqtargha әkelip japsyru olardy san apat pen qayghy-qa­siretke dushar etti. Sóitip, 1931-1933 jyldar qazaq halqynyng eng bir qasiretti jyldary bolyp tarihyzmyzda qara әriptermen jazylyp qaldy.

Tәuelsizdigimizdi alghannan beri halqymyz­dyng ba­sy­nan keshken zúlmatty kenestendiru jyl­darynyng aqiqattaryn ashyq aitugha mým­kindik aldyq. Tarihshy ghalymdarymyz, zert­teushilerimiz ben izdenushilerimiz, әsirese újym­dastyru arqyly kelgen otyzynshy jyldardyng basyndaghy ashtyq nәubeti jóninde birqatar qúndy-qúndy zertteuler jasap, osy zúlmattyng aqiqattaryna jetu ýshin jan-jaqty izdenister jasauda. Sol zertteulerding әserinen kóptegen shyndyq beti ashyluda. Mysaly, ótken ghasyrdyng 20-jyldarynyng sony men 30-jyldarynyng ba­synaghy Qazaqstandaghy kýshtep újymdastyru ar­qyly kelgen asharshylyq qoldan jasalghan, iydeologiyagha negizdelgen sayasatty kózsiz jý­ze­ge asyrugha úmtylushylyqtyng nәtiyjesi edi. Kom­munistik partiyany qazaqtargha, odan keyin, bel­gili bir dәrejede basqa da kóshpeli halyqtargha әkelip japsyru olardy san apat pen qayghy-qa­siretke dushar etti. Sóitip, 1931-1933 jyldar qazaq halqynyng eng bir qasiretti jyldary bolyp tarihyzmyzda qara әriptermen jazylyp qaldy.

Atalghan asharshylyq saldarynan qazaq hal­qy óz jerinde kýni keshege deyin sany jaghynan azshylyqqa úshyrap, ózgelerge jol berumen kel­di. Halyqtanu demografiya ghylymynyng sol ashar­shylyq apattyng qyr-syrlaryn zerttey otyryp bolashaqta onyng qaytalanbauy ýshin óz tújyrymdaryn algha tartady. Mine, osy túrghydan qaraghanda, Qazaqstandaghy kenestendiru jyl­da­ry qoldan jasalghan asharshylyqtan qazaq hal­qynyng sany men ýlesine qalay әser etkenin 1926,1937 jәne 1939 jyldary jýrip ótken Bý­kilodaqtyq halyq sanaqtarynyng qorytyndy nәtiyjelerin qoldana otyryp, olardy ózara ghy­lymy týrde salystyru arqyly ýlken dәldikpen eseptep shyghara alamyz.

1926 jylghy Býkilodaqtyq halyq sanaghy bo­yynsha, Qazaqstan aumaghyndaghy túrghan túr­ghy­lyqty halyqtardyng sany 6500895 adam­dy qú­raghan eken. Olardyng 8,3 %-y qalalarda, al 91,7 %y auyldyq jerlerde túrghan edi. Endi olardyng ara­syndaghy qazaqtardyng sany 3713394 adamdy qúrap, respublika halqynyng 57,1 %-y bolsa, al orystar 1279979 adamdy qúrap, demek 19,7 % bolghan eken. Al qala túrghyndarynyng ishindegi qazaqtardyng sany men ýlesi 77554, yaghny 2,1 payyz bolsa, al orystardyng qatary 283767, demek 22,2 payyzdy qúrap, qazaqtardyng sanyna qaraghanda orystardyng sandyq ýlesi (206213) yaghny 20,1 payyzgha joghary bolghan eken. Endi auyldyq jerlerde túrghan qazaqtardyng sany 3635840, yaghny 97,9 payyz bolsa, al orystardyng qatary 996212, demek 77,8 payyzdy qúrap, qazaqtardyng sany orystardyng sanyna qara^­ghan­da (2639628 adamgha) yaghny 20,1 payyzgha basymdau bolghanyn kóremiz [1].

1939 jylghy sanaq boyynsha, Qazaqstan­da túratyn halyqtardyng sany 6151102 adamdy qúraghan bolsa, olardyng 27,8 payyzy qalalarda, al 72,2 payyzy auyldyq jerlerde ómir sýr­gen edi. Endi olardyng ishindegi qazaqtardyng sa­ny 2327625 adam bolyp, respublika halqynyng 37,8 payyzyn qúrasa, al orystar qatary qazaqtardyng sandyq ýlesinen (121503 adamgha) yagh­ny 2,0 payyzgha basymdau 2449128 adamdy qú­rap, demek 39,8 % bolghan eken. Al qala túrghyndary­nyng arasyndaghy qazaqtardyng sany men ýlesi 374675, yaghny 16,1 payyz bolsa, al orystar qata­ry 977876, demek 39,9 payyzdy qúrap, qazaqtar­dyng sanyna qaraghanda (603261) yaghny 23,8 pa­yyzgha artyghyraq bolghan eken. Endi auyldyq jer­lerde túrghan qazaqtardyng sany 1953010, yaghny 83,9 payyzdy qúrap, al orystardyng qatary 1471252, demek 60,1 payyz bolsa, qazaqtardyng sany orystargha qaraghanda (481758 adamgha), yaghny 23,8 payyzgha joghary bolghan eken [2].

Qazaqstan halqynyng sany 1926-1939 jj. aralyghynda (1937 jyly - 1380712 adamgha kemip) 349793 adamgha, yaghny 94,6 %-gha azayghany anyq­talyp otyr. Al osy jyldary respublikadaghy qa­zaqtardyng tek sany ghana emes, ýlesi de kýrdeli óz­geristerge úshyrap, óte tómendep ketti: 1926 jy­ly olardyng sany - 3713394 bolsa, 1937 jyly - 2181520 [3], al 1939 jyly - 2327625 ghana edi. Osy jyldary respublikanyng aumaghynda túratyn qa­­zaqtardyng sany (1937 jyly - 1531874, yagh­ny 58,7 %) 1385769 adamgha, yaghny 62,7 %-gha kemi­ge­ni bay­qalyp otyr. Yaghny osy 14 jyl ishinde qazaq­tar­dyng sany 19,2 payyzgha kemidi, al olar­dyng res­pub­likadaghy halyqtardyng arasyndaghy ýlesi búl jy­l­darda óte azayyp, qazaqtar óz Otanyn­da az últ­qa ainaldy: 1926 jyly - 57,1 % bol­sa, 1937 jyly - 42,6 %, al 1939 jyly - 37,8 ­%-gha deyin tómendedi. Demek, qazaq últynyng mún­­day qasiretti taghdyrdy sol kezdegi Kenes Odaghy, onyng bir bóligi bolghan Qazaqstannyng basy­nan keshirgen iri sayasi-ekonomikalyq jәne qoghamdyq ózgeristerinde, solardyng nәtiyjeleri men saldarynan tuyndaghan edi.

Qazaqstandaghy kenestendiru jyldarynyng zertteu aralyghyndaghy Kenes ókimetining jýr­gizgen sayasatynyng nәtiyjelerinen tuyndaghan qa­zaq halqynyng újymdastyrudyng saldary ar­qyly kelgen asharshylyqqa úshyrauyna bay­lanysty derekter bar. Endi solargha kelsek, auyl sharuashylyghyndaghy qughyndau sayasaty Qa­zaq ASSR ortalyq atqaru komiyteti men ha­lyq komissarlary kenesining 1928 jyldyng 27 tamyzyndaghy "Bay sharuashylyqtaryn kәm­peskeleu turaly" qaulysynan bastaldy [4]. Osy qauly negizinde jeti jýzge juyq iri bay shar­uashylyqtary tәrkilenip, olardyng iyeleri qa­naushy tap retinde jer audaryldy. Osy sayasat endi kolhozdastyru kezinde odan әri jalghasyp, qughyndaulargha orta sharualar men auqattylar da úshyrady.

KSRO Ortalyq Atqaru Komiyteti men Qazaq Halyq Komissarlary Kenesining 1930 jyldyng 1 aqpanyndaghy "Jappay kollektivtendiru audandarynda auyl sharuashylyghyn sosia­listik jolmen qayta qúrudy nyghaytu jәne kulaktarmen kýresu sharalary jóninde" de­gen qaulynyng negizinde Qazaqstan ýkimeti de 1930 jyldyng 19 aqpanynda dәl osynday qau­ly qabyldady. Sóitip, endigi kezekte kolhoz qúry­lysyna "qarsylyq jasap otyrghan qanaushy element", әri proletariat jauy degen jeleumen kulaktar men baylardy tap retinde joy nauqany bastaldy. Osy qaulygha sәikes әrbir audan jә­ne auyl kóleminde joyylatyn kulaktar men bay­lardyng jalpy sany halyqtyng 3,5 payyzy bo­luy kerek delindi [5]. Búl jana nauqan 1928-1934 jyldary Qazaqstanda asharshylyqtyng bas­ta­luyna jol ashty. Ashtyq kóshpeli jәne jar­ty­lay kóshpeli eldi otyryqshylandyru jәne gha­syrlar boyy qazaqtyng tamaghy men kiyimi bolyp kelgen malynan aiyru, kýshtep újymdastyru saldarynan tuyndady. Jýzdegen myng orys, ukraiyn, úighyr jәne basqa últ ókilderi qyryldy, biraq qyrylghandardyng negizgi kópshiligi qazaqtar boldy.

Qoldaghy bar derekterge jýginsek, Qazaq­standaghy asharshylyq apaty 1927-1928 jj. jút­tan keyin-aq bastalghanyn kórsetedi. Mәselen, Aday okruginde mal jútap, adamdar ashtyqqa úshyraghandyghy aitylady [6].

Sonday-aq, P.Ivanovtyng 1927-1928 jj. Syrdariya guberniyasyndaghy jút turaly derekteri jútaghan sharuashylyq­tarda mal sany qysqa dayyndalghan pi­shen­ning je­timsizdiginen, júttan, týsik tas­ta­ghannan kemuin algha tartady. Alayda eng qúndysy búl derekter tarih ýshin asa manyzdy mәlimetter úsynyp, qazaq, orys, ózbek halyqtarynyng shar­uashylyq jýiesi jóninde oy qorytugha jeteley­di. Otyryqshy qazaqtardyng sharua qojalyqta­ry 21,3 payyzday, yaghny ýsh esedey kóp zardap shekse, orys, ózbek últtarynyng sharua qojalyqtary­nyng jútaghany mýlde az bolghanyn aitady.

Últtyq-túrmystyq toptaryna qaray sa­naghanda júttan kýizelgen sharuashylyqtyng den­­­­­­­­geyi ózbekterde - 4,1 %, orystarda - 4,9 %, otyryqshy qazaqtarda - 7,5 %, kóshpeli qazaq­tarda - 21,3 %-dan  asqan edi.

Mal basynyng jútauy qazaq qogha­mynyng әleumettik túrmysymen tyghyz bay­lanysty. Solay bolghanda Syrdariya gu­ber­­niyasyndaghy jylqynyng 9 payyzdan, mýiizdi iri qaranyng 18 payyzdan, qoy eshkining 20 pa­yyz­dan, týiening 6 payyzdan, barlyq mal ba­syna shaqqandaghy shyghyny 19 payyzdan asqan. Búghan qosa qyrylghan mal sanyn jeke halyq­tyng sharuashylyghy boyynsha eseptegende orys­tardyng 1 %, ózbekterding 2 %, otyryqshy qa­zaqtar­dyng 5,5 %, kóshpeli qazaqtardyng 8,6 % maly qy­­rylghan [7]. Búnyng ózi jayylymdyq, egistik jer­­ding qúnarly bóligine qonystandyrylghan bas­qa últ ókilderining júttan aman shyghyp, al taqyr men shólge yghystyrylghan qazaq auyldarynyng pi­shen jinap, mal baghugha shabyndyq jerining je­timsizdigin, sonymen birge tabighat rayyna tәueldi bolghandyghyn aiqyn anghartady. Demek, búdan sol kezdegi Qazaqstandaghy jýrgizilgen Kenes ókimetining qazaq halqyna baghyttalghan jymysqy sayasatynyng nәtiyjelerin bayqaugha bolady.

1935 jyldyng 8 qantarynda Almatyda ót­ken Kenesterding býkilqazaqtyq IX siyezining qau­lysynda: "Sharua qojalyqtarynyng 85 pa­yyzy újymdastyryldy. Qazaqstandaghy jú­mysshylar men qyzmetshiler sany 1930 jyly 330 mynnan, 1934 jyly 655 myngha ósti, onyng ishinde qazaqtardyng sany 30 payyzdan 42 pa­yyzgha kóterildi. Kóshpendi sharuashylyq tý­geldey joyyldy", - dep atap kórsetildi [8]. Áriyne, múndaghy aitylyp otyrghan jetistikter qazaq halqynyng "qyzyl qyrghyny" arqyly jýzege as­qany belgili. Újymdastyru jәne sonymen birge otyryqshylandyru auyldyng ghasyrlar boyy qa­lyptasqan ómir saltyn týp negizine deyin kýi­retti. Qazaq qoghamynyng taby joyylyp qana qoy­ghan joq, myndaghan jyldar kóshpendi órke­­niyet jasaghan barlyq tirekter qiratyldy. 1930 - 1932 jyldary ashtyq etek aldy. Eger halyqty jedel otyryqshylyqqa kóshirip, kolhozdargha kýshtep biriktirip, qolyndaghy maly men azyghyn tartyp almasa, asharshylyq zardaby demografiyalyq apatqa úlaspas edi. Kәmpeskeleu kezeninen keyin respublikadaghy mal qorynyng joyylyp ketui de búghan tikeley sebep boldy. Búl turaly sheteldik ghalymdardyng da aitqan pikirleri bar. Sonyng biri Guver uniyversiytetining ghylymy qyzmetkeri R.Konkvest: "Qazaqtardyng sany 1926 jyly 1233 myng sharuashylyqtan 1936 jyly 565 myng sharuashylyqqa kemigen. Qazaqtardyng qy­ryluy olardyng malyn tartyp aluyna ti­keley baylanysty. 1929-1933 jyldary Qazaq­standa iri qara 7 million 442 mynnan 600 myn­gha deyin, qoy sany 21 million 943 mynnan 1 million 727 myngha deyin kemidi. Tamaghy et pen sýtke negizdelgen qazaq auyldarynda endi talshyq eter eshtene qalmady ", - dep aityp, jәne jazyp keltirgenderi bizding ashtyq turaly aitqandarymyzgha dәlel bolady [9].

Qazaq sharualaryn kýshtep újym­das­tyrudyng barysynda ókimet halyqtyng kýn kórisining jalghyz ghana kózi - qolyndaghy malyn zorlyqpen jinap alyp, qoghamdyq memlekettik menshikke ainaldyrdy. Odan qal­ghan birli-jarym maldaryn et, may, jýn, as­­tyq josparlaryn dayyndap, taghy tartyp aldy. Sóitip, negizgi kәsibi mal sharuashylyghy, әl-au­­qaty da soghan baylanysty bolghan qazaq sharua­lary tórt týlik maldan týgel júrday bolyp, ashygha bastady. Tabysy joq kolhozdan, jergilikti ýki­metten jәrdem ala almaghan halqymyz endigi jerde asharshylyqqa úshyrady.

Tarihy zertteulerde Qazaqstandaghy 1931-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyqqa bay­lanysty әr týrli pikirler men derekter aitylyp jýr.

1926 jylghy sanaq boyynsha Qazaq ASSR-nyng territoriyasynda 3 million 627 myng 612 qazaq túrghan bolsa (respublika halyqtyng 58,5 %-y), 1937 jylghy sanaq mәlimetinde 2 million 181 myng 520 adam (42,6 %-y), al 1939 jylghy sanaqtyng nәtiyjesinde óz jerindegi qazaqtardyng sany 2 million 327 myng 625 adam bolghan (37,8%). 1926-1937 jyldar aralyghynda qazaqtardyng sany 1 million 446 myng 092 adamgha, demek 15,9 payyzgha kemigen bolsa, al 1926-1939 jyldar aralyghynda 1 million 299 myng 987 adamgha, nemese 20,7 payyzgha kem bolyp shyqty [10]. Áriyne, búl tolyq mәlimet emes. 1930 jyldyng ortasyna qaray respublikadaghy halyqtyng jalpy sany әli de birshama túraqty kýiinde bolatyn. Ol kezde Qazaqstandaghy týpkilikti halyqtyng sany 4 million 120 myng adam edi [11].

Osyghan sәikes asharshylyq jyldary qazaq­tan 2 milliongha juyq adam, nemese olardyng 49,0 payyzy qúrban boldy dep jobalaydy keybir zertteushiler. Eger 1920 jyldary halyqtyng ta­bighy shetineui әrbir 1000 adamgha shaqqanda 25 adamnan kelse, 1931-1933 jyldary auru-syr­qaulardan 250 mynday adam ﴾7,0 payyz﴿ shyghyn boldy. Sondyqtan tarihshy-demograftardyng ai­tuynsha, asharshylyq pen soghan baylanysty auru - syrqaulardyng saldarynan tikeley shy­ghyn bolghan qazaqtardyng sany 1 million 750 myng adamgha nemese respublikadaghy barlyq qa­zaqtardyng 42,0 payyzyna jetken [12].

Kenestendiru jyldary Qazaqstanda jýrgi­zil­gen kýshtep újymdastyru men otyryqshy­landyrudyng qazaq halhynyng tarihy men tagh­dyryna auyr demografiyalyq apat tudyrghanyn sheteldik tarihshylar sol 1930 jyldardyng ózinde-aq aitqan bolatyn. Sodan beri shetel ghalymdarynyng enbekteri men basylymdarynda Qazaqstanda 1930 jyldardyng basyndaghy ashar­shylyqtan qansha adam shyghyn bolghandyghy jóninde qyzu pikirtalastar jýrdi [13].

Batys zertteushilerining enbekterinde ashar­shylyq jyldarynda Qazaqstandaghy adam shy­ghyny jayly әrkelki mәlimetter keltiriledi. My­saly, amerikan mamany M.Olkot asharshylyq qúrbandary 2 million adamdy qúrady dese, B.Shpiy­ller óz mәlimetinde qúrban bolghandar sa­ny 860 mynnan astam dep, al R.Konkvest pen S.Uitkroft asharshylyqqa úshyraghandar qa­ta­ry 1 million adam degen mәlimetti úsynady [14].

Bizding tarihshy-demograf ghalymdarymyz 1931-1933 jyldardaghy asharshylyq qúrban­da­ryn 1,5 millionnan 3 milliongha deyin jetkizip jýr. Qazaqstanda ýsh jylgha sozylghan asharshylyq kezenindegi adam shyghyny turaly kóptegen qú­jattardyng ghylymy ainalymgha engenine qara­mastan, otandyq zertteushilerimiz әr týrli de­rektik mәlimetter keltirude. Mysaly, akademik M.Asylbekov bir zertteuinde 1926 jyl men 1939 jylghy sanaq aralyghynda respublikamyzdyng óz ishindegi qazaqtar 1 million 180 myng adamgha nemese 33,0 payyzgha azayghanyn naqty derekterge sýiene otyryp shygharady [15]. Al akademik B.Tólepbaev pen V.Osipov osy jyldary qazaqtardan 1 million 50 myng men 1 million 100 myng arasyndaghy adam, al respublikadaghy ózge últtary arasynan 200-250 mynday adam ashtyqtyng qúrbany boldy dep esepteydi [16]. Al, akademik M.Qozybaev bastaghan ghalymdar birneshe maqalalary men zertteu enbekterinde, asharshylyq jyldary 2 million 100 myng adam opat boldy, onyng 1 million 750 myny qazaqtar dep kórsetedi [17] jәne olardy tarihshy ghalym T.Omarbekov te qoldaydy [18]. Sonday-aq, búl pikirdi Elbasy N.Nazarbaev ta jaqtaydy eken [19]. Osylargha shamalas tújyrymdy ta­rihshy ghalym, akademik M.Asylbekov pen tarihshy-demograf, ghalym Á.Ghaliyev da aitady. Olardyng esebi boyynsha osy jyldary tabighy shyghynmen qosa eseptegende 1 million 745 myng adam opat bolghan [20]. Demograf-ghalym M.Tәtimov ózining enbekterinde 2 million 100 myng - 2 million 300 myng adam asharshylyq qúrbandary boldy dep mәlimdeydi [21]. Osy pikirdi tarihshy, professor T.Omarbekov ta­rihy jaghynan jan-jaqty qarastyru arqyly qoldap, ghalym ózining zertteulik mәlimetterimen kórsetedi [22]. Sonymen birge jazushylyr B.Núr­jekeev pen S.Elubaev asharshylyq jyl­daryn publisistikalyq qyrynan zerttey kelip, qúrbandar sanyn 2 millionnan 3 miyl­liongha deyin [23] dep esepteydi. Al, 1926-1939 jyldar aralyghyndaghy Qazaqstan halqynyng etnodemografiyalyq qúramyndaghy ózgeristerdi zerttegen S.Ayymbetov bolsa, M.Tәtimov pen T.Omarbekovtyng tújyrymdaryn qolday otyryp, ashtyq jyldarynda qúrban bolghan qazaqtardyng sany 2,5 milliongha juyqtaydy dep esepteydi [24]. A.Alekseenko men N.Masanov 1930 jyldardyng basyndaghy asharshylyqta qazaqtardyng 46,8 payyzy, yaghny 1794,4 myng adamy qúrban boldy degen pikir bildiredi [25]. Sonday-aq, B.Elkeev pen Q.Aldajúmanov asharshylyqtyng shyghyny, әsirese, 9-gha tolmaghan balalar arasynda 60 payyz bolghanyn, al eng kóp shyghyn emshektegi sәbiyler arasynda 72 payyz boldy degen oilaryn aitady [26].

IYә, súm ajal óz qolymen qorek taba alatyn eresekter arasynda siyrey týsui, al tym kishkentaylar men qariyalar arasynda jii kezdesui zandylyq desek, qyrghyngha kóp úshyraghan emshektegi sәbiyler, jas balalar jәne qarttar bolyp shyghady. Sebebi, ata-anasynan aiyrylghan, panasyz jas balalar óz betimen tamaq taba almasa, al, qart adamdar әlsizdikten ashtyq azabyna shyday almay jan tapsyrugha mәjbýr bolghan.

Sonymen, 1931-1933 jyldardaghy Qazaq­standaghy asharshylyq turaly әr týrli derekterdi saralay kelip, biz demograf M.Tәttimovtyng qa­zaq qúrbandary 2 million 22 myng dep kórsetuin [27], jәne tarihshy ghalym, professor T.Omarbekovtyng mәilimetterin [28], nemese S.Ayymbetovtyng 2 million 500 myngha ju­yq degen esebin [29] qolday otyryp, atalghan kezende qazaq halqynan 3 million adam qúrban boldy dep tújyrym jasaymyz. Biraq 1926-1927 jyldar arasynda, halyq sanaqtarynyng resmy mәlimetteri kórsetkendey, qazaqtardyng sany Odaq boyynsha 1 million 106 myngha, kemip ketkenin de eskeruimiz kerek. Múnday tújyrymgha keluimizding birqatar eseptik negizderi bar. Birinshiden, 1926 jylghy sanaqta qazaqtardyng sany shamamen 6-7 payyzgha kemitilip kórsetilgen [30] degen M.Tәtimovtyng boljamy boyynsha qazaqtardyng sanyna 455 myng ﴾7,0 payyz﴿ adam­dy qossaq Qaraqalpaqstandaghy qazaqtardy esep­temegende respublikada 3 million 628 myng qazaq boldy jәne Soltýstik ólkedegi [31] ﴾Qostanay obylysyn qospaghanda﴿, Oral, Semey guberniyasyndaghy, Aday uezindegi eski atpen qyrghyzdar dep jazylyp ketken ﴾5573﴿ qazaqty eskersek, respublikada 4 million 88 mynnan astam qazaq bolghandyghyna kóz jetkizemiz. Ekinshiden, S.Aqataevtyng qúrban bolghandardyng 1 millionnan astamy balalar dep mәlimdeuin taghy qosamyz [32]. Ýshinshiden, Qazaqstan Respublikasy Ortalyq Memlekettik Múraghatynan búrynghy Semey oblysynyng Abay audanynyng 12 auylynda 1932 jyldyng qarasha aiynda 1062 adam qaytys bolyp, 82 sәby tuylsa, jeltoqsan aiynda 1102 adam mert bolyp, 84 sәby dýniyege kelgendigi turaly mәlimet saqtalghan [33]. Sonymen qatar, Balqash audanynda ﴾jergilikti OGPU-ding mәlimeti﴿ 60 myng qazaqtyng 32 myny qúrban boldy degen de derekter bar [34]. Múnday jaghdaylar sol jyldary respublika kólemindegi qazaq auyldarynyng kópshiligin qamtyghan edi. Tórtinshiden, tarihshy ghalym, akademik M.Asylbekov pen tarihshy-demograf Á.Ghaliyevting asharshylyq 1934 jyly da jalghasty [35] degen tújyrymdaryn qoldaymyz. Sebebi, adam organizmi qatty әlsiregende ómirge qauipti әr týrli aurulargha shydamsyz keletini belgili. Sol jyldary asharshylyqtyng saldarynan Qazaqstan boyynsha sýzek siyaqty jәne taghy basqa aurulargha kóptegen adamdar shaldyqqanyn aita otyryp, sony qúptaytyn derekterge jýginsek, 1934 jyly sýzekting әr týrimen 12719 adam auyrghan eken[36]. Endeshe búl derekter osy kýnderi aitylyp jýrgenderden qazaqtyng әldeqayda kóp shyghyngha úshyraghandyghyn kórsetedi.

Asharshylyq qúrbandarynyng jalpy sany әli de bolsa tereng zerttep, anyq­tay týsudi talap etedi. Sol kezdegi resmy qú­jattardan jergilikti jerlerden týsken aqpa­rattar men esepti bayandamalardan ashar­shylyqtan ólip jatqan adamdardyng naqty sanyn kezdestiru qiyn. Tipten jergilikti resmy qyzmette otyrghan adamdardyng ózderi bolyp jatqan nәubetting kólemin kishireytip kórsetuge, býgip qalugha tyrysqany kórinip túr. Búl tota­litarlyq rejim jaghdayynda qalyptasqan tәr­tipti, mansabynan aiyrylyp qaludan qoryqqan basshylardyng psihologiyasyn aiqyn dәleldeydi. Sonday-aq, respublikadaghy birinshi basshy - Kazkraykomnyng hatshysy F.Goloshekin de ózining jýrgizip otyrghan qylmystyq sayasatyn jogharygha tolyq jariya etkisi kelmegeni anyq.

Búl bir halyqqa qazaqtargha baghyt­talghan genosid ishindegi tarihta óte siy­rek kezdesetin qandy qyrghyn edi. Ómir­sheng halqymyz basqa jerlerge shúbyryp, jar­tysynan astamyn ajal qúshaghyna berip, búl zúlmatty da sonyna tastap, tarih kóshimen ilgeri jyljydy. Eng ókinishtisi búl zúlmat bir halyqtyng teng jartysyn jalmap, halqymyzdy óz jerinde azshylyqqa úshyratty. Qazaqtyng birneshe úrpaghynyng esinde jazylmaytyn jara bolyp asharshylyq turaly estelikter qaldy. Eger asyra sil­teushiler halyqty jedel otyryqshylyqqa kóshirip, kolhozdargha kýshtep biriktirmese, qolyndaghy maly men azyn-aulaq azyq-týligin jón-josyqsyz tartyp almasa, múnday esepsiz shyghyn, auyr qasiret bolmas edi. Búghan eng әueli totalitarlyq sayasattyng kóshbasshysy IY.Stalin men qanisher F.Goloshekin kinәli ekeni anyq. Solardyng qoldan әdeyi jasaghan qylmysty isterin tarih eshqashan da keshirmeydi dep oi­laymyz. Eger qazaqtar dәl osylay qyrylmasa, aurudan ólmese, tughan jerden bóten elge kóshpese, qazaq elining sany qazir 20 milliongha jetip qaluy mýmkin dep oilaymyz. Tarihtyng ótkeni men býgini halqymyzdyng jýrip ótken joly, basynan keshken oqighalary bolashaq úrpaqqa ýlken sabaq bolady. Sebebi, tarihty bilu arqyly bolashaqty boljaymyz, býgingi men ertengi kýnge bagha beremiz. Óz tarihynan nәr almaghan úrpaq mәngýrt bolady. Sondyqtan biz kórsetken sifrlyq kórsetkish tek sandyq ólshem ghana emes, ol bir halyqtyng taghdyry.

Qazaq halqy ózining ata júrtynda otyryp óz ana tilinen, últtyq ereksheliginen, ózining memlekettigin sezinuden aiyryla jazdaghan osynau qauipti qara syzyqty alghash ret attaghan edi. Endi, mine, halqymyzdyng jadynan shyqpaghan nәubet qasiretin tәuelsizdigimizdi alghannan beri ata mekeninen eriksiz auyp ketken qandastarymyzdyng ózderi bolmasa da úrpaqtary qaytyp oraluda.

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