18 sәuirde biz Semeyden Ayagózge1 bet aldyq. Kazak beketteri arqyly ótetin jol (olar stansiya qyzmetin de atqarady) susyz sortang dalada jatyr. Biz múnda birinshi ret kók shóp kórdik. Biz shyqqan kýni jyly boldy, boztorghaylar ózderining әdettegi әnine saluda. Suly shalghyndarda bizge әrtýrli ýirekter kezdesti, әsirese, Kaspiy tenizinde bolatyn túrpan nemese atayka dep atalatyn týri jii kezdesti: olar túzdy sudy jaqsy kóredi jәne osynday shól dalalarda úshyrasady, kóbine toptalyp emes, jeke - úrghashysy men erkegi bolyp jýrgendi jaqsy kóredi. Ósimdikterden tek qarapayym mal jeytin shópter: jabayy askók pen baqbaq ghana kórinedi. Birshama jetilip ósken tobylghy men qaraghan kóp boldy, biraq jana japyraq jayyp keledi.

Ayagóz jolyndaghy beketterding barlyghynda qúdyq suyn ishedi: Ayagózge deyin olardyng sany altau.

18 sәuirde biz Semeyden Ayagózge1 bet aldyq. Kazak beketteri arqyly ótetin jol (olar stansiya qyzmetin de atqarady) susyz sortang dalada jatyr. Biz múnda birinshi ret kók shóp kórdik. Biz shyqqan kýni jyly boldy, boztorghaylar ózderining әdettegi әnine saluda. Suly shalghyndarda bizge әrtýrli ýirekter kezdesti, әsirese, Kaspiy tenizinde bolatyn túrpan nemese atayka dep atalatyn týri jii kezdesti: olar túzdy sudy jaqsy kóredi jәne osynday shól dalalarda úshyrasady, kóbine toptalyp emes, jeke - úrghashysy men erkegi bolyp jýrgendi jaqsy kóredi. Ósimdikterden tek qarapayym mal jeytin shópter: jabayy askók pen baqbaq ghana kórinedi. Birshama jetilip ósken tobylghy men qaraghan kóp boldy, biraq jana japyraq jayyp keledi.

Ayagóz jolyndaghy beketterding barlyghynda qúdyq suyn ishedi: Ayagózge deyin olardyng sany altau.

Búl sortang aimaq Ayagózge qaray órlep, Arqat tóbesine ainalady, odan ary qaray tómendey bastaydy. Qalay bolghanda da Ayagóz yldiy Ertistikinen joghary. Arqattyng qyrly jotalary kógildir silemdenip alystan menmúndalap, kónilsiz әri tiri jan joq joldy sәl de bolsa әrlendiredi. Arqat taulary jayylymgha jaqsy ekenimen tanymal, sondyqtan múnda Ayagóz okrugy naymandary men uaq bolystarynyng qystaulary shoghyrlanghan. Búl jerde bizge deyin jәne biz ótip bara jatqanda jýz ýiden asa sart ótti. Ózderining aituynsha, olar búl jerde 70 jyldan asa kóship jýr. Alghashynda olardy kóshpendilikke kýnkóris ýiretken. Semey arqyly aziyalyq ónimderdi saudalay jýrip, keruenderdi jóneltu ýshin olardyng óz jylqylary men týieleri bolu kerek edi - olardy baghyp-jai qajet, oghan qosa olar qymyzdy jaqsy kóredi, mine osydan qazaqtardan jalgha jer alyp, birneshe otbasy bolyp kiyiz ýide túrghan. Býkil Aziyagha tәn kóshpendi, erkin ómir olargha únap, az uaqytta olar 150 ýige kóbeydi. General gubernator olardy qashqyndardy jasyryp, kontrabanda jasaydy dep kýdiktenip, Arqattan ketudi búiyrady. Olar Resey bodanyna ótkennen son, ne meshandar dep jazylugha, ne búl aradan ketuleri kerek boldy. Olar, shamasy, songhysyn jón dep tapsa kerek.

20 sy kýni*1 týnde men Ayagózge keldim. Ayagóz - shaghyn stanisa, naymandardy basqaratyn okrugtik prikaz da sonda ornalasqan. Onyng negizi 1824 jyly2 qalanghan. Qazaq dalasyndaghy barlyq stanisalardyng ishinde Ayagóz kózge eng qorashy siyaqty, degenmen, Kókpekti odan asyp túrghan joq desedi. Birneshe aghash ýileri bar shaghyn bekinis, fortshtadt, tatarlar túratyn bólikte ornalasqan meshit jәne jerkepeler. Jana ereje boyynsha, Semey oblysy qúrylghannan beri, ol qala dep atalady jәne birneshe shalaqazaq onyng azamattary. Shalaqazaqtar3 - yaghni, jartylay qazaqtar dep Orta Aziyadan shyghyp, orys bodandyghyna ótken jәne qazaq bolystaryna qazaqtarmen birdey qúqyqta jazylghan adamdardy ataydy. Olar dalanyng shyghys okrugterinde óte kóp: Ayagóz, Kókpekti jәne Úly jýzde. Búl atau bizding saparnamada jii kezdesetin bolar, sondyqtan biraz sheginis jasasaq, keshirim ótinemiz.

P. S. Ayagóz okrugyndaghy nayman ruy turaly.

 

Keshke biz Ayagózdi artqa tastadyq, sosyn Ayagóz ózenining Tumyrza dep atalatyn salasynan ótip, ózenning ong jaq tauly-tasty jaghlauymen órley otyryp, týnge jaqyn Qapal jolynyng birinshi beketi - Eski Ayagózge kelip jettik.

Ayagóz ózenining boyynan biz anaghúrlym jandanghan tabighatty kórdik. Dala tútasymen jasyl jelekting ashyq týsti kilemine oranypty. Qaraghan, tobylghy, tal terek japyraqtar jayyp, kýnning kózi de birshama jylynyp, ontýstikke tәn alaumen qyzdyryp túr. Jabayy askók tau bókterin jauyp túr, boyy úzaryp ósken. Qalyng ósken yrghay, tal, moyylmen kómkerilgen, arasynan terekter sorayyp kóringen ózen jaghalauy shiyding aq basy jәne siyrek qara topyraqty shúrattarda qaraghan men tobylghydan basqa eshtene joq sortang jermen jýrgen ýsh kýndik sapardan keyin4 óte jaghymdy әser qaldyrdy. Jaghalaugha jaqyn jerler jayylymdyq jәne shabyndyq shópke bay, al jaghadaghy orman qysqy boran men dauylgha jaqsy qalqan. Qazaq anyzdarynda Ayagózding jayly aghysy madaqtalatyny beker bolmasa kerek.

Ózin qorshaghan iyen dala men susyz shól dalagha qaraghanda, Ayagóz rasymen-aq júmaq bolyp kórinedi. Onyng kók shóp pen shalghyngha tolghan soltýstik jaghalauy orystar men olardyng beketteri bolmaghan kezde, qazaqtardyng ýnemi kóship-qonyp jýretin qonysy bolghany anyq. Qazaqtar kazaktarmen kórshi boludan qorqady. Búl әldenege negizdelgen be, joq pa belgisiz, biraq saqtyq maqtaugha túrarlyq qasiyet. Men Ayagózdi óte jaqsy kóremin jәne sýisinemin, Bayan Súludyng altyn aidarly Qozy Kórpeshke degen mahabbaty turaly anyzdyng oqighasy osy jerde ótkeni de búghan az sebep bolmasa kerek.

Saparymyzdyng jelisin ary qaray tarqatayyq. №2 bekette biz ong jaghalaugha auystyq. Búl kezde týn bolatyn. 4 shi nómirge jetpey, 10 shaqyrymday jerde qazaqtar jyrynda aitylatyn әigili Qozy Kórpeshting molasy5 túr. Biz poemany jaqsy zerttegenbiz, sondyqtan olardyng molasyn kórgimiz keldi. №2 beketten shyqqan uaqyt boyynsha Qyzylqiya beketinen týnde ótuimiz kerek bolatyn. Biraq biz tanerteng sonda túryp*2, molada shay ishkimiz keldi: jolda shay ishken jaqsy, әsirese, eski qirandylar men molalarda. Ótken turaly oilaysyn, býgingindi ayalaysyn. Osy maqsatpen jәmshikke tek tanerten, kýn kóterilgen kezde, boztorghay alghashqy әnin shyrqap, týn perdesi týrilgende, týngi búlttar soltýstikke auyp, batystan*3 tanghy qyzghylt kýn kóterilgende, jaryq aghashtardyng bútaghyna týsip, su keremet tamasha týske engen kezde, osynday poetikalyq sәtte molanyng basynda boludy tapsyrdyq.

Adam jobalaydy, biraq Qúday sheshedi. Týni boyy janbyrdyng iri tamshylary jenil arbanyng shatyryn úrghylap túrdy. Sharshaghan attar, batpaqta ayaqtaryn әzer basyp jýrip keledi. Tek shybyqtyng shartyldaghan dauysy men sharshaghan attardyng pysqyrynuy, delbeshining aighayy ghana janbyrdyng birsaryndy dybysyn búzyp túrdy.

Nashar týn boldy, sondyqtan jýru de qiyndady. Janbyr oilaghan josparymyzdy búzbasyn degen kýdik, alandaumen jәmshikke birneshe ret: «qalay, aspan ashylmady ma?» dep saual tastadym. Suyq sýiegine deyin ótken delbeshi «Joq!» dep kýnkildey jauap berdi de, taghdyrgha nazalanghanday «Ne bop ketti, brr...» dep tizesine jinalghan sudy tókti. Mening oghan janym ashydy, tezirek jýrsek, ol bayaghyda jyly peshke qyzdyrynyp otyrar edi. Bayan súludyng esteligin kórmey ketu de obal.

Osylaysha biz bir saghat jýrdik.

-         Mәrtebenizge qúldyq, - dedi jәmshik, - mine mola!

Men basymdy shyghardym. Kýnning kózi týnergen búlttardan shyghyp keledi, aspandy súr búlt basqan, búrynghysynsha janbyr jauyp túr, kóbiktengen attar batpaqty sortang jermen әzer jýrip keledi, ózenning sol*4 jaghynda tobylghylardyng arasynan molanyng ýshkir basy kórindi: ol qyzyl kirpishten qalanghan bolyp kórindi. Múnday aua rayynda shay iship, qazaqtardyng eskertkishin tamashalau turaly oilaudyng ózi artyq edi.

-         Shamasy, ózen de arnasynan shyghayyn dep túr, joghary mәrtebelim, - dedi jәmshik mening oiymdy oqyp qoyghanday.

-         Olay bolsa, jýre ber, qaytar jolda qararmyz, - dedim men, sosyn tongha oranyp, úiyqtap alayyn dep kózimdi júmdym.

Ózaghash beketinde shay ishtim. Ózenning soltýstik jaghalauy jayylghan lay su men sortang basqan dala. Ayagózding jaghalauyn boylaghan jolmen ózenning arnasynan shyghuy sebepti jýru mýmkin bolmady. Biz ainalyp jýrdik. Aldymyzda tegis sortandy batpaq dala jatty. Shiyding aqseleu bastary shoqtanyp ósip túr, tipten kóp. Ár jerde qarayyp shengel, bayalysh, kókpek, býrgen ósip túr. Osylaysha biz 25 shaqyrymday jýrdik. Aqyry Arghanaty jotasyna shyqtyq. Múnda ósimdikter tabighaty ózgerip sala berdi. Tyghyz topyraqty jota betkeyi jabayy askók pen kazaktar jabayy shomyr dep te ataytyn ósimdikke úqsas shópke bólengen. Osy taudyng ortasynda atauyn sodan alghan beket túr. Beketting artynda sәbizshóp pen jabayy sarghaldaq ósedi. Lepsige qaray jotanyng baurayynda jabayy shomyr men tobylghy, al ary qaray jazyq dalada raughash, sarymsaq, jusan men kókpek qaulap túr. Raughashtyng kóptigi sonshalyq, tútas dala qyp-qyzyl týske boyalghan. (Stansiyagha jaqyn) kóterinki tústa tobylghy, úsaq qaraghan men sarghaldaq kezdesti. Ayagózden Arghanatygha deyin, odan ary Lepsige qaray jayylymdyq shóp mýldem kezdespedi. Búl jerlerde kóshpendiler ómir sýrip, qonbaghan, ony kóshpendilerden [qalghan] birden-bir eskertkish - molanyng joghynan bayqaugha bolady6, Ayagóz ben Lepsi jәne basqa da ózender boyynda kóp kezdesetin zirattardyng moldyghy olardyn*5malgha jayly ekenin dәleldeydi.

 

Qozy Kórpesh Bayan súlu molasyndaghy balbal tastar. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qauyrsynmen salghan sureti, 1856 j.

(309 bet)

 

Stansiyanyng orta túsynda, Lepsige taqau, Arghanaty beketinen Lepsige qaray jotalar tizbegi bastalady, odan әri jer bederi mýldem ózgeredi. Jotalar tizbegining ontýstik jazyghynda qamyspen kómkerilgen kól jatyr. Jazda ol keuip ketedi, kóktemde Lepsi tasyghanda sugha tolady.

Biz búl jerge keshke keldik. Qazdardyng qiquy men baqanyng bir erekshe týrining aighayy jaghymsyz bolghany sonday, qúlaghymyzdy tyghyndaugha mәjbýr boldyq. Ózenning jaghalauynda, tau jaqta, Lepsining saghasyna qaray qazaq molalary kórindi. Olar sansyz kóp. Jolda qystaulardyng júrty bayqaldy jәne biz kelgende, auyl otyrdy. Molalardan bayqalghanday, búl oryndar kóshpendi rulardyng jinalatyn jeri bolsa kerek. Qazirgi qazaqtar Balqashtyng qamysyn qystaydy, al jazda taugha kóshedi, búl jerde sәl damyldap, mindetti týrde on kýndey tynyghady. Osy kólden Lepsige deyin (on shaqyrymday jer) bәri qúmgha bókken. Qúmdar susymaly. Qamys, shiyler óte kóp, ara túra kókpek, shengel, aqtasty*6 kezdesedi, bary osy. Qúmda tasbaqa men jylandar óte kóp.

Osynda Lepsining aghysy bastalady. Lepsi bastauyn Alataudan alady da, Balqashqa qúyady. Onyng suy teren. Jaghasynda birshama qalyng orman ósedi - tal-terek, jiyde, jynghyldar. Saghasy qalyng jәne biyik qamyspen kómkerilgen. Qamysta týrli qústar bolady jәne jolbarys kezdesedi. Birde jolbarys bekette túrghan qarauyldy talap tastaghany bolghan.

Onyng klimaty*7 әjeptәuir qúbylmaly. Aqpannyng ayaghynda onda qar bolghan joq, sondyqtan rojdestvo*8 merekesine qaray olar*9 qazdardyng júmyrtqasyn jegen. Osy alqapta býii men saryshayandar bar desedi. Birneshe jyl búryn búl ózen orys iyelikterining ontýstiktegi shekarasy bolghan jәne odan ótuge qatang tyiym salynatyn, al qazir... Qazir jaghday basqasha!

Týnde Basqan arqyly ótip, tek tangha qaray Aqsugha jettik. Aqsu arqyly Lepsidegi siyaqty ótkel bar.

|| Aqsudyng aghysy jyldam, onyng jaghalauy key jerde terekpen kómkerilgen. Jaghalau tegis, Lepsige qaray jazyq dala, dәl sonday dala Qisyqauyzgha deyin sozylyp jatyr.

Aqsudan biz Alataudyng qarly shyndaryn kórdik. Búl taulardyng alys silemderi kógildirlenip aspangha úlasyp ketkendey kórindi. Key jerlerde shyndar búlttan asyp kórinedi. Kóterilip kele jatqan kýn olargha qyzghylt týsti sәule shashady. Ghajayyp kórinis. Qisyqauyz Alataumen salystyrghanda, jýzjyldyq emenning kólenkesinde ósken shóp siyaqty. Biz jýrgen dala tegis, bireu әdeyilep taptaghanday jәne onda jusannan basqa eshtene joq. Ong jәne sol jaqtan dóngelek jәne qamal tәrizdes molalar kórinedi, kópshiligi kýmbezdi. Jolda jylqylardyng ýiiri men qoydyng otary kezdesti, alystan qazaq ýiler qylandady. Bizdi kórgen qazaqtar alysyraq ketuge tyrysty, biz súltannyng qonysy qayda ekenin súrayyq dep malshyny toqtatqanda, auyldaghy әielder shu kóterdi. Auyl shulap ketti. Áyelder bir ýiden ekinshisine jýgirip, bireuding atyn atap shaqyrdy, shamasy biydi bolsa kerek.

-         Olar mening qoyymdy alyp ketti, - dedi bir ashy dauysty әiel, shamasy, ózi solay boljasa kerek, - mening kezegim emes qoy, - dep shynghyrdy ol.

Biz әri qaray kettik, auyl tynyshtala bastady. Tek janaghy әielding ashy dauysy ghana bizge jetip túrdy, kýmәn joq, qoyyn orystardan saqtap qalghany ýshin ol Allagha alghys jaudyryp jatyr.

 

Ayakóz ózeni jaghasyndaghy balbal tastardyng profiyli

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qauyrsynmen salghan sureti, 1856 j. (309 bet)

 

|| 15 mamyr. Shelek ózenindegi týnemelik.

Shelek ózeni bastauyn Alatau tauynyng ortalyq biyiktiginen alady, sol jerden Talghar ózeni de bastalady, sosyn taudyng ortasyn jaryp batysqa*10 qaray, Jinishke ózenine qúlaydy; sosyn Ilege qúighansha soltýstik shyghysqa*11 qaray aghady. Oghan qúyatyn nemese dúrysy ony qúraytyn shaghyn ózender - Qughantór, Dele Qaraghaybúlaq, Sýttibúlaq, Ýshbaysoryn, Kýderge, Qúrmente, eki Sarybúlaq (Kýldi Sarybúlaq, Asu Sarybúlaq), Satyly jәne Qarabúlaq, sol jaqtan Ýshbúlaq, Tekjol, Jinishke, Sarybúlaq jәne Asu*12. Shelekting aghysy arqyly kelesi asular7 ótedi: Qughantór men Dele Qaraghay. Shelekke ong jaqtan qúyatyn barlyq ózenderden atpen ótuge bolady. Tek Qúrmentiden ghana mausym men tamyz ailarynda týieler óte alady.

Shelekting aghysy barynsha jyldam, jyldyng barlyq uaqytynda onyng suy ýnemi toly bolady jәne ol birshama kóp jerge jayylady. Ol tau basyndaghy qar suynan mausymnyng ayaghynda tasidy da, tamyzgha deyin, qazaqtar aitqanday tary jinaytyn uaqytqa deyin sozylady. Shelekting jogharghy aghysy qazaqtardyng ýnemi qystaytyn mekeni, erte kezderde Qarabúlaqtan Ýshbaysoryngha deyin sarybaghyshtar mekendegen, qazir onda albandyq qyzylbórik ruy qonystanady. Qys kezinde maldy jayyp, baghugha óte qolayly dep Baqaly shatqaly sanalady, ol Jinishke men Sarybúlaq ózenderining ortasynda ornalasqan. Baqaly - baqanyng kóp jeri degen maghyna beredi. Sarybaghash ruynan shyqqan bir qyrghyz meni manap Ýmbetәli sol jerde qystaghanda, bir bastauda qys boyy baqalar baqyldaghan dep sendirdi. Onyng aituynsha, baqalardyng terisi appaq, al ýlkendigi júdyryqtay bolypty. Qazaqtar da osylay deydi. Shelekting jogharghy jaghynda betegeden8 basqa shóp óspese de, saqyldaghan ayazdy qatang qys, qalyng qar men úiytqyghan boran eshqashan bolmaghan, qalay bolsa da jasy 80 ge kelgen shaldardyng esinde joq.

Shelek boyyndaghy Alatau qalyng shyrsha ormanyna bókken. Shelekting jaghalauyndaghy alqaptarda mal jeytin shóp joq, tek jusan men qyzghaldaq bar, biraq ózenning jaghasy tal, jiyde aghashy, tobylghy, jynghylgha toly. Búl bútalar ózenning manynda qalyn, jap-jasyl alqap týzedi. Ózen aghysynyng orta túsyna ony qorshaghan taldardan biyik orman týziledi. Qazaqtar ony Bauaghash9 dep ataydy. Ilege qúyar tústa ol qamys pen sekseuilge oranady. Shelek pen Ilening Qaratúryqqa deyingi aradaghy búryshtyng jaghalauynda, dalalyqtar aitqanday, jaqsy shabyndyq jer bar. Búl jerden taugha deyin tek shengel men shy ósedi.

Qaratúryqtan Shelekke qaray jýretin jolda sol jaqta suly say bar, ol bir batyrdyng molasy boyynsha - Qoram dep atalady. Ol jolmen qatarlasa ornalasqan. Onyng Shelekke jetetin ayaghy batpaqqa ainalghan, jayylym shóbi kóp ósedi. Onyng ekinshi jaghyndaghy qúrghaq jerde qamaldardyng qirandysy, dúrysyn aitqanda, qazylghan or oryndary jatyr, qasynda qúdyq bar. Qazaqtardyng anyzy boyynsha, múnda qalmaqtardyng bekinisi bolghan jәne Abylay han ony qiratyp, Shelek alqabyn jaudan tazartqan. Shelekting ózinde, Bauaghashtan joghary jerde odan da ýlken qorghannyng ýiindileri jatyr10. Maghan sarybaghyshtar aitqanday, marqúm Orman batyr osy jerlerde kóship-qonyp jýrgende әielder men balalar sol jerlerden inju, marjan, laghyl, monshaq taghy basqa búiymdar tapqan. Mening ózim alghashqy balshyqtan jasalghan qúman men qysh qúmyra synyqtaryn tauyp aldym.

Shelekten Ystyqkólge keruen joly Temirlikten Qarqaragha qaray ótedi, jýruge sonshalyqty qolayly emes, kelesisi Shelekting jogharghy jaghymen Sógeti11 tauy arqyly osy attas asudan ótip, Torayghyr tauymen jýrip, odan әri ýsh Merkiden Qarqaragha shyghady; Sharyn alqabynan Qarqaragha qaray Temirlik joly Merki jolymen birigip, jalghyz ótkel (ýlken keruender ýshin) Santash arqyly ótedi.

Temirlik joly anaghúrlym qolayly, tipti arbamen jýruge bolady. Jalghyz kedergi - Temirlik ózenining aghysynan payda bolghan say. Sógeti jәne Merkimen ótetin jol týielerge ynghayly, biraq arbagha qiyn. Bizding jasaghymyzda bir arba men kishkentay tau zenbiregi bolghandyqtan, biz týiege arba men zenbirekti artyp, Sógeti asuyn tandadyq.

 

16 mamyr. Sógeti tauy, Qarabúlaq bastauyndaghy týnemelik.

Shelekten onyng aghysyn boylap Sógeti asuyna bettedik. Sógeti - batysta Sógeti tauyn Bógetiden bólip, onyng shyghys jaghyna japsarlasyp jatqan shatqal. Sógeti degen atau qazaqtar týsindirgendey, soqmaq - ýirleu degen etistikten shyqqan. Onda ýnemi qatty jel soghady. Bógeti búghy degen sózden shyqqan. Onda búghylar kóp.

Osylaysha, biz aldymyzda Sógeti tauy, ong jaghymyzgha Sógetini Asy men Sauysqandyq taularynan bóletin Shelek ózeni aghatyn shatqaldy alyp, tura ontýstikke qaray jýrdik. Tura osy arada Shelekke sol jaqtan Asy ózeni qosylady, ol Asy tauyn Sauysqandyq tauynan bólip túrady. Asy óz bastauyn Alataudyng bir saghasynyng batys qyratynan alady, onyng soltýstik-shyghys jaghynan Týrgen shyghady. Asynyng jogharghy jaghy tauly qyrattan shyqqanda, shaghyn jazyq týzedi, ol «Asynyng jaylauy», nemese Araltóbe degen atpen tanymal. Shelekting alqabymen, taulargha qaray sar dalada qazaqtar qúnarsyz topyraqty qansha jyrtyp, baptasa da, jusan ghana ósedi.

Shatqal arqyly ótetin jol qatty janbyrdyng kesirinen qazylyp, býlingen. Biz basqa jolmen tau basyna Qarabúlaq jәne Ýitas bastauy arqyly ótuge tiyis boldyq. Búl asu tik jәne arbagha qiyn boldy, biraq bizding jasaq pen týielerimiz kóp kedergige úshyraghan joq. Onyng soltýstik baurayynda bir tik jer bar jәne qiya betkeyge qatarlasa bir sýrleu jatyr. Jalpy, shaghyn kýsh júmsap, ony arba jýruge qolayly etuge bolar edi. Biz onyng ontýstik baurayynda, Qarabúlaq manynda týnedik. Tauda yrghay, saryaghash kóp boldy, alma aghashtary da kezdesti. Kýn janbyrly, suyq boldy.

17 mamyr. Torayghyr tauynyng teriskey jaghy. Ayyr asuy jәne sol attas búlaq.

Sógeti tauynan Torayghyr tauyna qaray enkeygen ýstirt arqyly Ayyr asuyna shyqtyq, dәl kóteriler tústa janbyr bizdi toqtaugha mәjbýr etti. Biz [Torayghyr tauynyng soltýstik baurayynda] týnedik, degenmen sәl jýrgende kýngey jaghyna shyghugha bolar edi. Teriskey -taudyng soltýstik nemese [soltýstik] batys baurayynyng jalpy aty, kýngey - ontýstik nemese [ontýstik] shyghys baurayy.

 

Ile ózenining alqaby, Ile Alatauy, Bógeti jәne Torayghyr taularynyng kórinisi. Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndelikte qauyrsynmen salghan sureti

(314-bet).

 

Sógeti tauyna órleytin osy tau arsyndaghy tar alqapta raughash kóp boldy, al Torayghyr tauyna qaray enkeygen bókterde birynghay jusan men betege ósedi. Raughashtyng gýldep bitken shaghy eken, tipti japyraqtary qyzaryp ketken. Ong jaqta, bizding jolymyzben qatar Shelek ózeni aghyp jatty. Onyng aghysy, yaghny Sógeti men Torayghyr arasyndaghy aghysty qazaqtar Bartoghay shatqaly12 dep ataydy, sol jaqta bizding jolymyzdy boylay, jazyqpen Sharyn aghyp jatty.

Sharynnyng Bógeti men Torayghyr taulary bitken jerdegi aghysyn qazaqtar Sarytoghay13, al onyng Birinshi Merki qúyatyn jerden Sartoghaygha deyingi arany Aqtoghay14 dep ataydy. Búl týnemelikte kesh suyq boldy, jel kýzdegidey soqty. Týni boyy qardyng qatty jaughany sonshalyqty, Alataudan Ile jazyghyna deyingi barlyq alqap qystaghyday appaq bolyp jatty. Ayaz qatty boldy, biz tongha oranyp, kiyiz ýige ot jaqtyq. Suyq Reomur boyynsha 50 boldy. Mine, Torayghyr tauynan qaraghanda jogharyda aitylghan ýstirt pen tónirekting kórinisi.

Torayghyr - tory týsti aighyr degen sóz. Qazaqtardyng anyzy boyynsha, olar osy aradan qalmaq jongharlardy qughan kezde, osy taudan tory aighyr tauypty.

 

Sharyn jәne Merke ózenderi alqaptarynyng kórinisi.

Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndelikte qauyrsynmen salghan sureti (315-bet).

 

Torayghyr - albandardyng tamasha qystauy. Elding aituynsha, onda mýldem qar bolmaydy, al bolsa da, az jauyp, tez erip ketedi. Eng qatang qys pen jútta mal tek qyna jep kýili shyghady - shópting kýshtiligi men topyraqtyng qúnarlyghy sonday. Sondyqtan qazaqtar múny júghymdy jer dep aitady. Mamyr aiynda biz Qúdaydyng qúdiretimen osy qúnarly jerde qar jatqanyn kórdik. Qardyng kóp bolghany sonshalyqty, onyng mýldem erip ketui ýshin ýsh kýn qatarynan kýnning kózi shyqqany kerek boldy, biz ýshin uaqyt qymbat boldy, sondyqtan biz kelesi tanda attanyp kettik jәne [Torayghyr] tauynyng kýngeyindegi Súlu Qarashoqy shatqalynda sәl damyldadyq.

18 mamyr. Torayghyr tauynyng kýngey [jaghy]. Súlu Qarashoqy shatqalyndaghy búlaq.

Ayyr asuy Sógeti siyaqty tik bolmaghanymen, jolda jatqan dәu tastar ony arba ótuge qolaysyz etedi. Búl jartastardyng negizin qúraytyn tastar úsaq qúmdar, onday tastarmen Finlyandiyada joldardy tóseydi.

 

Raughash. Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng sureti. Qaryndash. 1856 j.

(316 bet)

 

Yrghay, arshagýl*13, arsha jәne ózge tau bútalary kóp boldy. Men múnda birinshi ret qazaqtar rauaghash nemese raughash dep ataytyn qymyzdyqtyng erekshe týrin kezdestirdim. Búl ósimdikting keuek dinine dәmi jaghymdy qyshqyl shyryn túnady. Onyng japyraqtary kәdimgi qymyzdyqtyng japyraqtary tәrizdi, biraq tym ýlken. Dәmi anargha úqsaydy.

Taudan shyqqan song bizding aldymyzdan ontýstik batysqa [jәne] Qulyq tauyna baghyttalghan alqap ashyldy. Búl alqap soltýstikte Qulyq taularymen, soltýstik shyghysynda Merkimen, ontýstik shyghysynda Alataumen, ontýstiginde - Alatau jәne Jinishkede Shelek ózenimen, ontýstik-ontýstik batysta Ýshqúmbel qyraty, al ontýstikte Torayghyr qyratymen15 shektesedi.

 

Jayrandar. Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng sureti. Qaryndash. 1856 j.

(317 bet)

 

Bizding týnemeligimizding ong jaghynda Shelek aghyp jatty. Onyng Alataudy jaryp ótetin shatqaly jәne sol jerde Shelekke qúyatyn Jinishke ózenining shatqaly bizding aldymyzda jatty. Sol tarapta Sharyn, dәlirek aitqanda, Aqtoghay alqaby, al onyng aldynda ontýstik shyghysta Qulyq pen ýsh Merki aghatyn qyratpen jalghasatyn, Sharyngha qúyatyn mýiis bayqaldy. Biz osy jazyqqa qaray jýrdik. Alqap Merkige qaray biyiktey berdi. Onyng barlyq jerin shóp basqan. Ol shópti qazaqtar shytyr dep ataydy. Búl shópting eki týri bar: bireui bútaqtary úzyn, qighashtalghan, sary týsti; ekinshisi - aq týsti, basy ýlken, bútaqtary týzu, silindr tәrizdes, biraq qoydyng mýiizi siyaqty iyrek jәne japyraqtary tilimdelgen. Búl eki týri de mal jeuge taptyrmaytyn shóp, tórt týlik odan jaqsy semiredi, әsirese qoy.

Búl alqapta jayran dep atalatyn kiyikter kóp. Qazaqtar búl januardy qaraqúiryq16 dep ataydy.

 

Bókenning laghy. Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashpen salghan sureti

(318 bet)

 

Kavkaz ben Dauriyada ony dayran dep ataydy. Qyrghyzdar jәne Ile qalmaqtary ony jiyren dep ataydy. Olar [bókender] mamyrda qozdaydy.

Qazaqtar birneshe qozyqany ústap aldy, sóitip bizding joryq dastarqanymyzda osy januardyng etinen jasalghan tagham payda boldy.

19 mamyr. Birinshi Merki ózeni.

Biz Alatau men Qulyq jotasyn jalghastyratyn qyratqa shyqqanda, aldymyzdan jartasty say payda boldy. Onyng týbinde jinishke jip tәrizdi iyrelendep Merki aghyp jatty. Biyikten ózen óte әdemi kórindi: jasyl jәne tegis saydyng arasynan kógildirlenip ózen aghuda, onyng jaghalauy eki jaqtan talmen kómkerilip, toghay jasap túr. Merkiler (olar ýsheu) Sharyngha qúyady, óz bastauyn Alataudan alyp, qyrattyng boyymen shatqal jasay aghady jәne Sharyngha qúiyp, Sharyn osy shatqaldyng enin keneyte otyryp, Qulyqty ainala ótip, soltýstikke búrylyp, Ilege qúyady.

|| Biz Birinshi Merkining Sharyngha qúyar túsyna týnedik.

Merkide arqar men taueshkiler óte kóp. Men olardy atyp kórmek boldym, biraq sәti týspedi. Arqarlar erte qozdaydy, Qapaldyng ózinde kishkentay tólin kórgenmin.

Eshkiler laqtaryn sәuirding ayaghynda qaldyrady. Jalpy Alatau eshki, arqar, maralmen aty shyqqan. Qaraqúiryqtar tek jazyqta kezdesedi. Men búl jerden qústardan: jabayy kepter, kógershin, qazaqtar...*14  dep ataytyn qara qargha, kekilik dep atalatyn shildi, ementúmsyq*15, tau qaratorghayy*16 (qyzyl qanatty) men suyqtorghaylardy kórdim. Jyrtqysh qústardan biz qonghan jerde lashyn jәne qozyqúmaydyng erekshe bir týri, qanattarynyng úshy qara, ayaqtary qyzyl qús qalyqtap jýrdi.

20 mamyr. Shyrghanaq ózenindegi týnemelik.

Birinshi Merkide biz kiyiz ýy tigu ýshin qardy tazalaugha tiyis boldyq. Keshke qaray, aspan búlttan arylghanymen, soltýstik shyghystan qatty jel soghyp, salqyndap ketti. Tanerteng jolgha shyqtyq. Qar býkil aimaqty basyp qalypty. Kýn ashyq bolyp túrdy. Biz qaray almadyq: kýn sәulesining appaq qarmen shaghylysy kózdi shydatpady. Ýsh Merkiden ótu qanshalyqty qiyn bolghanmen, jasaqtyng birige kýsh saluymen artilleriya arqanmen tartylyp alyndy.

Ekinshi Merki qúyatyn jerdegi qúzdar arasyndaghy Sharynnyng kórinisi óte tamasha. Qúz jartas bolyp keletin tik jaghalau, ýshkildengen shyrshalar jartas astynda da, basynda da ósken. Tómende shulap, kóbiktenip, tolqyndanyp Sharyn aghyp jatyr.

|| Ekinshi Merkining eni anaghúrlym tar jәne aghysy da bayau. Onyng ótkeli birinshisindey tik emes. Ýshinshi Merkide biz attargha tynys berip, týski as ishtik. Ýshinshi Merkining aghysynan payda bolghan alqap birshama keng әri batpaqty.

 

Sharyn ózenining shatqalyndaghy keruen. Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndeligindegi suret. Qauyrsyn. 1856 j.  (320 bet)

 

Búl ózen tipti Birinshi Merkiden teren, suy kóbirek. Onyng jaghasynda ósetin taldar ózgelerge qaraghanda qalyndau. Múnda japyraghy talgha úqsaytyn búta aghash ósedi, biraq dolana siyaqty tikenegi bar, qabyghy da dolanagha úqsaydy, biraq sәl kýngirtteu. Qazaqtar ony shyrghanaq17 dep ataydy. Aghashtyng týsi qyzghylt, sondyqtan qazaqtar odan qarugha dým*17 jasaydy. Onyng jemisi býrgenge óte úqsas.

Ýshinshi Merkige kóterilu óte onay. Birinshi jәne Ýshinshi Merkining arasyndaghy jartastarda mynaday bútalar ósedi: yrghay, saryaghash, sary gýldi jәne úsaq japyraqty raushan gýli, japyraqtary kishkentay biyik qaraghan (qazaqtar ony borqaraghan dep ataydy), arshagýl, úshqat, qyzylsha (juan japyraqty qyryqbuyn tәrizdes, qazaqtar onyng kýlin nasybaygha qosady). Merki shyny manynda, Shelekke qúyatyn Asygha deyin, qarly shyndardan tómen qúrylysqa jaramdy shyrsha ósedi. Biz qyratty asqanda ong jaghymyzda*18 Qonglyq, sol jaghymyzda*19 Alataudyng negizgi jotasy jatty. Qonglyqtyng ayaghyn onyng shyghys jaghynan bastau alatyn Sharyn ainalyp ótedi. Osy moynaqta ýsh Merki de Sharyngha qúyady.

 

Búghy taypasynyng bas manaby Boranbay. Qaryndash. 1856.

Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng sureti

Úly jýzding súltany Mamyrhan Rýstemov. Qaryndash. 1856.

Sh. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng sureti

 

Ýshinshi Merkening Alataudan bastau alatyn tústaghy ótkeli Tobyldy Asu dep atalady. Búl Ystyqkóldegi negizgi ýsh defiyle*20, asudyng biri. Biz jýrgen jolda ol búrys qaldy, biz búghu ruy mekendeytin Qarqaragha jetuge tiyis boldyq. Tobyldy Asu, biletinderding aituynsha, dóngelekpen jýruge qolaysyz, joldyng boyynda qalyng shyrsha aghashy tútasyp ósken jәne olardy, әriyne, sol kezde qalyng qar basyp jatqan. Ýshinshi Merkige kóterilgennen keyin, jol jýruge ynghayly. Ýsh kishkene say men eki búlaqtan ótkennen keyin, Tiyektash tasynan tómen týsken song Sharynnyng jayqalghan jazyq dalasy ashylady. Búl alqap Qarqara jazyghymen úshtasady.

Tiyektash - Sharyn Qulyqtyng soltýstik túmsyghyn qiyp, Ýshinshi Merki moynaghynan bólip túratyn shatqal. Sharynnyng alqaby soltýstiginde Qulyqpen shektesedi, ontýstiginde shaghyn moynaqtyng tabanymen jalghasady18. Biz týnegen Shyrghanaqty ózenining Sharyngha qúyatyn túsynan Qarqara dep atalatyn dóngelek alqap ashylady, sol attas shaghyn ózen ony ortasynan jaryp aghyp, Sharyngha qúyady.

|| 21 mamyr, Qarqara ózeni.

Sharyn ózeni kelesi shaghyn ózenderden qúralady. Onyng basy - Kókjartúryq sayyndaghy Qarqara tauynyng Shong Qarqarasy. Oghan óz bastauyn taudyng soltýstik batysynan alatyn jәne Saryjaz ózenine bastau bolatyn Jel Qarqara qúyady. Saryjaz sondyqtan Saryjazdyng tauy dep atalady. Kegen ózeni bastauyn Kegenning Kensazy dep atalatyn jәne Elshining Býireksazy dep atalatyn Qúsmúryn tauynynyng batys jaghyndaghy sortannan alady (Qúsmúrynda Temirlik jotasy ayaqtalady). Ol Qulyq tauyna aghyp baryp, sol jerde Qarqaramen birigip, Sharyn dep atalady. Kegenge Qúsmúryn jaqtan myna búlaqtar qúyady: Shybjynbúlaq, Qurayly. Qúsmúrynnyng dәl túmsyghynan jyly búlaq aghady. Búl ózender men búlaqtardan basqa Sharynnyng jýiesine tәuelsiz Qarqara tauynan Sholaq Qarqara aghady, ol Shong Qarqaragha jetpey joghalyp ketedi.

Qulyqtan Kegenge qaray Shybjóke ózeni aghady, ol da barar jerine jetpey sualyp ketedi. Qúsmúrynnan ontýstik ontýstik shyghysta Manastyng Boztóbesi dep atalatyn jekelengen tóbe nemese qorghan bar. Jergilikti halyqtyng anyzy boyynsha batyr Manas (el arasyna keng taralghan tamasha epikalyq tuyndynyng qaharmany) qanghyrastarmen (qalmaqtarmen)19 soghys kezinde sol jerge óz qosyn tikken.

Qarqara alqaby soltýstikte Temirlik asuymen shektesedi. Soltýstik shyghysta*21 ýsh Merkining ótkeli bar, ontýstik-ontýstik-batysta Qyrghyz Alatauyndaghy Santash ótkeli ornalasqan, soltýstik shyghysta Qúsmúryn jotasy, al shyghys soltýstik shyghysta Labasy taulary men shyghys ontýstik shyghystan ontýstik shyghysqa qaray Ýsh Qarqara tauy. Labasy men Qúsmúryn arasynda, Qytay qarauyldarynyng ar jaghynda Sýmbening tauy jәne alysyraqta Keushentau, Artqan shyny men sol attas asu qyltiyady. Saryjaz ózenining Kegenge qúyatyn jerinde qazaqtar Taspajon dep ataytyn jotaly búirat bar, ol Qarqara ózeninde ayaqtalady. Onyng baghyty soltýstik shyghystan ontýstik batysqa qaray. Búl búirattyng shyghys jaghynda, alqapta Qarqaranyng qaynatpa túzy dep atalatyn túzdy búlaqtar bar. Bastau alghan jerinde búlaqtar tútasyp әbden qatyp qalghan túzdy batpaqtan týzilgen qaynar kóz qúrady. Osy sordyng ortasynan jer astynan shyqqan (tura maghynasynda aitqanda, jer dep sordyng eng betindegi qatqaqty*22 aityp túrmyz) búlaqtyng әserinen osy materiyadan jasalghan tórtbúrysh massa týzilipti. Onyng biyiktigi - 1,5 sajyn; úzyndyghy - 3, eni - 2,5 sajyn. Labasy taularynyng artynda ontýstikte Tekes tauy jatyr, odan Ilege qúyatyn attas ózen aghady.

 

Qarqara ózeni alqabynyng shemalyq kartasy.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndeligindegi qauyrsynmen salghan sureti.

1856 j.

 

|| Bora Dabysyn dep atalatyn kelesi túzdy kól Labasynyng shyghys baurayynda ornalasqan. Búl kól say arqyly Kegen sorlarymen úshtasady. Shelekten Santashqa deyingi barlyq jerler, búghulardyng aituynsha, búryndary qalmaqtargha tiyesili bolghan. 30 jyl búryn qalmaqtar Torayghyrda kóship qonyp, Qulyqty qystaydy eken. Olardyng shekaralyq beketteri Birinshi Merki men Qarqaranyng túzdy búlaghynda túrghan. Qazirgi kezde Qytay qalmaqtary zurgan suun jәne arghyn suun rulary Qúsmúryn jәne Labasy taularynda kóship qonady. Sýmbe tauynyng artynda qala men lama ghibadathanasy20 bar. Qúsmúrynda qorghasyn óndiretin eldi meken bar. Ony óndeumen ainalysatyndar - ishki guberniyadan jer audarylghan qylmyskerler. Qarqara shatqaly jazghy jaylau. Onda albandar men qyrghyzdar kóship jýredi. Alqap ózining malgha jayylylyghymen ataghy shyqqan: múnda ne bógelek, ne masa joq. Jalpy Alatau alqaptarynda biz jәndikterdi az kezdestirdik. Múnda suyq, әsirese týnde.

|| 22 [mamyr], Qarqara ózenindegi ekinshi týnemelik.

Shyrghanaqtydan biz ontýstik shyghysqa qaray Qarqara aghysymen jýrdik, birneshe shaqyrymnan keyin Taspa búiratynyng tasty jotasy ózen jaghalauyna kelip jar týzetin jerge toqtadyq. Búl jerden tómen ózen jaghalauy ormandy, әjeptәuir qalyng taldarmen jәne qara shyrghanaqpen kómkerilgen. Jaghalauda, qúmda sekseuil jii kezdesedi. Ózende qazaqtar shabaq, orystar - osmanka dep ataytyn balyqtyng úsaq týri bar.

|| 23 [mamyr]. Sol týnemelik. Jiydeli - Búghu.

Bishkekting firmanshysy (gubernator) 1500 t.*23 Qútymaldygha keldi degen sybys shyqty. Sarybaghyshtardyng manaby Ýmbetәli tútqyngha alynghan, onyng maly talanghan. Keybir búghulyqtardyng aituynsha, olardyng biyleri búl ósekti biz kólge baryp, olardyng erkindigine núqsan keltirmes ýshin әdeyi taratqan. Basqalardyng aituynsha, tórt tashkenttik qazir búghu ruynyng yqpaldy manaby Boranbay auylynda jәne olardy ózderine sarybaghyshtarmen talasty sheshu ýshin shaqyryp otyr. Búghular ýshin búl sheshim әriyne tiyimdi bolar edi. Olar zeketke 30 jylqy berip qoyghan, al Orman tashkenttik qorghandardy qiratty, onyng múrageri Ýmbetәli shaqyrghangha kelmedi. Endi búghulardyng orystardan qútylghysy keletini týsinikti, olardy sarybaghysh sarttarynyng kómegimen jenuge bolatyn edi. Degenmen, múnyng barlyghy qaueset. Biz ne bolsa da kólge barudy sheshtik.

24 [mamyr].

Bizge búghu ruynyng ókilderi keldi: yqpaldy agha manap podpolkovnik Boranbay Bekmúradov, Múratәli Bernazarov (jasy jaghynan ýlkeni), Qazybek Sheraliyn, Qarash (shon) - sәmeke ruynyng biyi. Yqpaldy emesterden: aryq ruynyng ókili toqsoba Oljabaev pen onyng inisi Hakimbek. Qara sýiekten - Múratәli qúldarynan Telekmet by jәne Omar batyr. Albandar búghularmen dau tughyzdy.

|| 25 [mamyr]. Santash21 asuyndaghy Týp ózenindegi týnemelik.

25 kýni tanertennen dulattar men búghular arasynda kelissóz jýrdi. 10 kazak aryq ruynyng auyldaryna salyq jinaugha jóneltildi. Týski astan keyin jasaq jolgha shyghyp, soltýstik shyghysqa*24, Santashqa bet aldy. Qarqaranyng jogharghy aghysynan bastap jer tegis, jayylym mol, jalpy búl jer ósimdikterge óte bay. Qazaqtar aitatynday, kýzde atty kisining ýzengisinen keletin biyik shóp, nebir týrli jalpaq japyraqty ósimdikter shalghynday jayqalghan, taudyng bókteri men basynda da sonday. Ásirese, tamasha kórinetin ósimdikter: (aghylshyn) jalbyzy ben jýgeri22 siyaqty (qant qamysy) japyraqty qamystyng bir týri. Qazaqtar búl ósimdikti aq qúrghashyn dep ataydy, qyrghyzdar bolsa, maral qúlaq deydi. Búl ósimdikting sóli uly, isik tudyrady desti. Mal ony tamyz aiyna deyin, sarghayyp, sóli aqqansha jemeydi. IYsi siyrdyng tezegine úqsaydy. Tauda, sol jaq baurayda tal aghashy, sheten (erekshe týri, qabyghy tegis, әri týsi ottay qyzyl) ósedi. Say men taudyng basynda qalghan qargha qarap, (Santashtyng taulary óte alasa) Qarqara alqaby tym biyik dep shamalaugha bolady.

Týnemelikten ongha Tobyldy Asu tauynyng jalghasy, shaghyn qyrat boldy. Ong jaqta*25 Qarqara tauynyng jalghasy. Biz jogharyda aitqanday, búl taular alasa. Jol batpaqty saymen ótedi, taudan ongha solgha kóptegen búlaqtar aghady, olar qosylyp, Jel Qarqaradan tómenirek Qarqaramen birigetin... ózenin*26 qúraydy. Ózen ontýstik batystan soltýstik-shyghysqa qaray23 aghady. Búl búlaqtardan ary, say tabanynda (2 shaqyrym jerde) kól bar, jazdyng ystyq kýnderi ol qúrghap ketedi. Kólden qazaqtar Ertis qazy dep ataytyn qústy kórdik. Búlardyng týsi aqsúr, basy aq, eki kóldeneng qara syzyghy bar, moynynyng jogharghy jaghy men tómengi jaghynda, býiirinde jinishke aq jolaqtar bar. Búl qústyng qanaty qara, ayaqtary sary, túmsyghy da sary. Tau qazysy ýy qazynan kishkene, al gagadan ýlkenirek keledi.

 

Tau qazysy.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndeligindegi qauyrsynmen salynghan suret. 1856 j. (325 bet)

 

Kólden eki shaqyrym jerden Týp ózeni ótedi. [Búl arada] Týp ontýstik shyghystan soltýstik batysqa (shyghys ontýstik shyghystan batys soltýstik batysqa) aghady. Týp ózeni barynsha jyldam, týbi tasty, jaghalauy taldarmen, shyrghanaq, balghynmen (sekseuilding bir týri) kómkerilgen. Ózende || balyq kezdesedi. Bizding kazaktar shabaqqa úqsaytyn balyq aulap aldy. Qazaqtar ony sazan dep ataydy. Týp ózenining saghasyna qaray balyq kóp desedi.

Týp Ystyqkólge qúyady. Týpting aghysyn boylay Taspa dep atalatyn shyrshagha bókken alasa taular tizbegi jatyr. Taspanyng janynda Ystyqkólge qúyatyn Jyrghalang ózeni aghyp jatyr.

Santash - sanauly tas. Búl asudyng búlay ataluyna sebep bolghan bir qorghangha ýiilgen tastar. Qorghannyng biyiktigi 3 sajyn, ainalasy 35 sajyn. Anyz boyynsha, Ámir Temir Gurgan Qytaygha imperator Kaan Chinnyng qyzyn alu ýshin sapar shegedi (Kaan chin Qytay imperatorynyng tituly [týrkishe basqasha], Hakanchin - Qytay imperatory [titul], qazaqtar ony jalqy esim qyp alghan). Ámir Temir әr jauyngeri qolyna bir bir tastan alyp, bir jerge ýige búiryq etedi. Keyin qaytqan jolynda ol endi tasty alyp, kelesi jerge ýyge әmir etedi. Qalghan tastargha qarap, qansha әsker joghaltqanyn shamalaydy. Sol qorghannyng orny qazir de bar.

Tarihy mәlimetter búl anyzgha mýldem qarama qayshy. Ámir Temir shyn mәninde Qytaygha sapar shekken, biraq Samarqandtan shyghyp, Otyrargha24 jetkende qaza tapqan. Desek te, orta ghasyrlardaghy batyrlyq jyrlardaghy Úly Karl men orys ertegilerindegi Vladimir Krasnoe Solnse siyaqty barlyq ortaaziyalyq anyzdarda Ámir Temir basty qaharman. Týrkistannyng barlyq meshitterin, kóne su qúbyrlarynyng barlyghyn Ámir Temir Sayypqyran (әlemning biyleushisi) saldyrghan desedi. Qalay bolghanda da, Santash qorghanyn qalau ýshin kóp adam men kóp enbek qajet bolghan jәne ol keler úrpaqqa [osynda] búryn ótken halyqtyng ómirinen syr shertetin eskertkish.

Aytpaqshy, Qarqara ózenining atauy turaly taghy bir anyz.

Qazaqtar qalmaqtardy shapqan bir joryqta osy ózennen Zaysannyn25 eki jas qyzyn ústap alady. Olardyng auyly jana kóship jatyr eken. Olar osy jerde qalyp, ózderin retke keltirip, kóshke sәndi kiyimmen barmaqshy bolghan. Olardyng bastarynda qústyng qauyrsyn qanattary bolady. Qazaqtar ony qarqara dep ataydy. Sodan beri ózen Qarqara atanyp ketipti deydi anyz.

|| P. S Qyrghyzdar Santash qorghanyn qazaq hany Esim qalmaq-jongharlardy jenuine oray saldyrghan dep sanaydy. Búl dúrysyraq boluy tiyis. Shynynda da Esim sol jerlerde jonghar qontayshylarymen soghysyp, jeniske jetken.

26 27 mamyrda sonda boldyq.

28 [mamyr]. Týp ózeninde, Santash asuynyng ontýstik shetinde, Kensay shatqalyndaghy týnemelik.

Bizding týnemelikten eki shaqyrym tómen jerden bastap, Santash alqabyn soltýstik jәne ontýstik jaqtan qorshap túrghan taular jaghalaugha jaqyndap, sondyqtan jol qiynday týsti. Endi qiya betkeymen jýruge tura keldi. Degenmen, biz zenbirekti týiening ýstine tanyp qoydyq. Týieler jenil jýredi. Jaghalauda kóptegen aghashtar ósip túr. Bútalar ózen jaghalauynda tyghyz ósken, taudyng baurayyn da jauyp túr. Ol bútalar - qara qaraqat, dolana, itmúryn, moyyl, әsirese, tal qalyn, tasqa jabysyp arshagýl men aqtaspa ósken. Sol jaghalauda tau basynda da, jaghada da shyrsha aghashtary tútasyp ósken. Múndaghy shóp asugha kirgen jerdegidey jayqalyp túrmaghanymen, jayylym mol. Jalbyz habitus*27 basym. Tauda (25 kýninin*28) týnemeligi manynda taushymyldyq qalyng boldy. Men taugha myltyqpen shyqtym. Jolda elikter kóp kezdesti, biraq olargha tiygizu óte qiyn. Qústardan kezqúiryq, aqbas býrkit pen tyshqanshyny kórdim. Tauda qyzyl qara týsti kepterler bar, ony qyrghyzdar ... dep ataydy.

Bizding otryadtaghy qazaqtar taudyng basynan ang, búghy, qaban kórdik desti. Tipti Ystyqkólding manynan jolbarysty da kezdestiruge bolady eken. Ary qaray joldyng ortasynda, ózen aghysynyng ong jaghynan keng say ashylady, ol Kensu dep atalatyn kólge tireledi. Ol basynda Tobylghotynyng Týpke qúngynan payda bolghan. Tobylghoty Ýshinshi Merke aghatyn taudyng ontýstik baurayynan shyghady. Olardyng shatqaly biz jogharyda aitqan Tobylghoty asuyn qúraydy.

26 [mamyr] kýni mening qasymda qyrghyz jyrshysy boldy. Ol Manas poemasyn biledi eken. Poemanyng tili, auyzeki tilge qaraghanda, týsinuge әldeqayda jenil. Poema qaharmany Manas - noghaydan әiel jinaudyng qaytpas qaysar batyry. Onyng barlyq ómiri soghys pen súlulardy izdeuden túrady. Tek onyng minezi shyghysqa tәn emes - ol ózining әkesin jii balaghattaydy, malyn quyp әketedi, onymen dóreki sóilesedi. Búl jaghy týsiniksiz. || Barlyq kóshpendi halyqtar qarttyqty qúrmetteydi, aqsaqaldar erekshe syy qúrmetke iye.

Búl poemada Shu, Tashkent, Ile jәne Ystyqkólding manyndaghy ýsh halyq - qyrghyz, qazaq, noghay taghdyry suretteledi. Olardyng aralasuy mýmkin emes, ózderi aitqanday, olardyng kólge kelui 70 jyldan aspaghan. Qyrghyzdargha noghay anyzdary jat emes. Olar Edigeni26 biledi jәne olardyng anyzy da qazaqtargha úqsaydy. Olar jәne bylay deydi:

کچه کی اون سان نوغای بلگاندا29*

اورمانبت بی اولگاندا

اوردنك قرا جغاچی

اسمانغه اوچـوب کتکانـدا30*

Tanqalarlyghy, noghaylar ortaziyalyq kóshpendilerding barlyq poemalarynda kezdesedi. «Tashkenttik» noghaylar Manasta atalady. Jәnibek27, Asan Qayghy28 múnda da tanymal. Qanshama qayghy әkeletin [ala] tay qazaqtardy da tolghandyrady. Noghaylar turaly әngimemiz jetip qalar.

Tobylghoty alqabynan biz tәuekelge bel buyp, sonsha kýtken Ystyqkól kelbeti ashyldy.

25 kýngi týnemelikten Taspa kelbetining kórinisi. 28 [mamyr] kýni alghash ret bógelekter men masa shybyndar payda boldy. Santashtan kólge baghyt alghannan bastap, kýn ysy bastady. Taugha shyqqannan keyin biz birde bir jaqsy kýn kórmedik. Jәndikterdi óte az kezdestirdik; tipti joq dese de bolady, 28 kýngi týnemelikte kóp qúrqúrlardy kórdik.

 

Taspa tauynyng etegindegi qonys. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndeligindegi qauyrsynmen salghan sureti. 1856 j. (328 bet)

 

Múnda kýndiz óte ystyq, al týnde óte suyq. Kólding alqabynan aptap ystyq ketpeydi desedi. Qazaqtardyng aituynsha, olar ýnemi «janbyr shaqyrugha» mәjbýr.

Olardyng arasynda dúgha oqyp, janbyr shaqyratyn siqyrshylar bar, olardy «jayshy» dep ataydy. Búl senim kóne týrkilik, shyghystyq tarihshylar janbyr jaughyzatyn jud tas*31 turaly aitady, ol qasiyet týrkilerding atasy Yafeske onyng úrpaqtaryna degen erekshe yqylasyn bildiru ýshin qúday bergen deydi.

|| 29 [mamyr]. Qarabatpaq ózeni men shatqalyndaghy týnemelik.

Kensudan jasaq tanghy 4 ten 5 minut ketkende shyghyp, týnemelikke 10 jarymda jetti. Biz Ystyqkólding jazyghynan Santashqa synalap kiretin keng alqappen jýrdik. Búl alqaptyng basy, jogharyda aitylghanday, Tobylghotynyng Týpke qúyatyn túsymen bastalady. Biz SW (ontýstik batysqa) qaray jýrdik, sol jaghymyzda Taspanyng alasa búirattary men ong jaghymyzda Alataudyng ontýstik silemderi jatty. Jol әrdayym taudyng etegimen jýredi. Múndaghy shópter jaramsyz*31, biraq tórt týlik ýshin tamasha jayylym. Biz Týpke qúyatyn, ózderining salalarymen taudy kesip ótip, asu jasaytyn kóptegen aryqtardan óttik. Olardyng ataulary: Qorymdy ózeni - onyng jogharghy salasy ýshinshi Merke aghatyn tústan, taudyng ontýstik baurayynan shyghady. Onyng Qorymdy dep atalatyn asuy bar. Búl asu aldymen Merke aghysyn boylap, Besqaraghay*32 shatqalyna deyin baryp, ol jerden Qorymdy ózenine baghyttalady. Asu arqyly tek salt attylar ghana óte alady. Jinishkesu ózeni Ekinshi Merkemen qosylyp, salt attylargha qolayly asu týzedi. Búl Ekinshi Merki asuy dep atalady. Taldysu ózeni qarama-qarsy aghyp jatqan Shong Merkimen kólikpen ótetin asu týzedi. Saty ózeni taudan shygha sala birneshe salagha bólinip, Týpke qúyady, olar beseu. Satynyng Shelekting jogharghy aghysyna shyghatyn jәne (Shelekke qúyatyn) Jinishke men Asynyng jogharghy jaghynda qosylyp, Týrgen asuymen birigetin asuy bar. Búl asu keruenmen jýruge qolayly, tipti arbamen de ótuge bolady, biraq 15 sajynday qiya betkeymen jýretin tar sýrleuli qiyn túsy bar. Tómende týpsiz shynyrau. Aghashtan jasalghan sýienishter shynyraugha qúlap ketuden saqtaydy. Sýrleudi salghan jәne aghashpen qorshaghan (Jantaydyng әkesi) Ateke batyr deydi. Sarybaghyshtyq manaptar Esenqúl men Atekening ózara qaqtyghysynda songhysy jaudyng kezdeysoq shabuylynan jasyrynuy qajet bolyp, óz kóshimen alghash bolyp Saty arqyly jýredi. Biraq, qiyn qystau jaghdaylarda jaqsy, kýshti, jas týielermen asudan ótken kóshter men keruender oqighalary az emes.

Jol boyynda biz birinshi ret qyrghyzdardyng molasyn kórdik. Taldybúlaq pen Birinshi Satynyng arasynda, alghashqysyna jaqyn jerde bir mola bar. Onda shaghyn tórtbúrysh pishindi eki ýiindi bar (qazaqtardyng molasy qorghan tәrizdi salynady) - búl, qazaqtardyng aituynsha, manap Atekening úly Qarabekting beyiti. Ol Abylayhannyng auyly Shelekting jogharghy jaghynda ornalasqan sarybaghyshtargha shabuyly kezinde óltirilgen. Satygha jaqyn jerde ózge mola bar. || Eger qazaqtardyng óz sәulet óneri, arhiytekturasy bar dep aitatyn bolsaq, ol sóz joq, molalar sәuleti.

Býkil dalada molalar ýiindileri shashyrap jatyr, olar kýidirilgen kirpishten myqty, berik jasalghan. Búl molalargha qarap otyryp, dalada sanaly, ónerge jaqyn halyq bolghan dep týige bolady. Biraq, ómir sýru salty men arnayy bilim almaghanyna qaramastan, qazaqtardyng ózinshe qiyn ghibadathana soghu, qorghan túrghyzugha degen erekshe yntazarlyghyn esepke ala otyryp, olardyng daladaghy búzylghan ýiindilerdi qanday da bir mola nemese ghibadathana dep sanaugha bolady. Búl pikirdi bekitetin mysaldar mynaday.

Qyrghyzdar*33, ótken ghasyrdyng qyrghyzdary qanday da bir batyrdyng tynym tapqan túraghyn*34 kelesi úrpaqqa belgi etu ýshin ýlken topyraq ýiindisimen qorshap nemese kýmbez salyp bolmasa satyly múnara túrghyzatyn bolghan. Múnyng barlyghyn olar qoldanylghan zattargha qaraghanda, kýidirilgen nemese shiyki kirpishten salghan. Molanyng alyptyghy - marqúmnyng tirlikte yqpaldy jan bolghanynyng belgisi. Múnday molalar Úly jýzde jii kezdesedi. Nayman rulary әli kýnge deyin osynday molalar soghady.

Bay, dәuletti adamdar Týrkistannan arnayy sheberlerdi shaqyryp, olargha eskertkish ýshin qymbat tóleytin bolghan. (Úly jýzdegi) Sýiikting molasy osylay túrghyzylghan. Qyrghyzdardyng manaby Jantay qashgharlyqqa mola soghyp bergeni ýshin tórt toghyz29 ben jýz qoy bergen. Toghyz: birinshisi - bir qúl men 8 at, ekinshisi - týie men 8 at, ýshinshisi - jýirik pen segiz at, tórtinshisi - ógiz ben segiz siyr. Búl mola rasynda da óte jaqsy soghylghan - pishini erekshe, al jalpy daladaghy qirandylardy eske týsiredi. Dalada qala qirandylary kezdespeydi, daladan tabylatyn jekelegen keseneler30 pishini jaghynan molalyq eskertkish. Qozy Kórpeshting eskertkishin anyz boyynsha qazaqtar mola etip salghan.

|| Osyghan sýienip men dalanyng ontýstik shyghysynda jatqan ýiindilerdi31 kóshpendi halyq molasy dep sanaymyn. Biraq búl jerde ol turaly aitpaymyz.

Qyrghyzdardyng molasy qazaqtardiki siyaqty jaqsy emes. Kishkentay ýiindi, tastary shaghyn, jerge qadalghan әsheyin tayaq ol jerding adamnyng songhy mekeni ekenin kórsetip túrady. Qighash qalanghan qabyrgha*35 týrindegi molalardyng kirpishi kóp túrmay qúlap qalady, sóitip, pishinin joghaltady. Degenmen, qyrghyzdarda birneshe kelisti [mola] bar. Olar búghu ruynyng salmeke elinen shyqqan Noghay men Ateke sarybaghysh ruynan Jantaydyng úlynyng molasy. Songhy eskertkish Týptyng saghasynda ornalasqan (suretke qaranyz). Ony soqqan qashgharlyq, sondyqtan Qashghar mola sәuleti jayly týsinik beredi. Búl mola óte úsynyqty soghylghan, ishinde shyghystyq talghamdaghy gýldermen әshekeylengen órnek bar, kirpish jaqsy kýidirilmegen, әksiz, sondyqtan shytynap ketken. №1 qabyrghada [tor kózdi] tereze ornatylghan.

30 mamyr. Sol týnemelik.

Biz Týptyng saghasyna baryp, au tastadyq. Qazaqtar qarabalyq dep ataytyn marinkanyng birnesheuin, qanyltyr dep ataytyn yazdardy, shabaqtardy (Ertiste kezdesetin kishkentay balyq) auladyq.

 

Týp ózeni boyyndaghy qyrghyzdardyng molalary.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng kýndeligindegi suret. Qaryndash pen tushi. 1856 j.

(331 bet)

 

Kólde balyqtyng kóp bolghany sonshalyqty, qyrghyzdar qamys arasynda olardy qylyshpen úryp aulady, bizding kóz aldymyzda qarashaylyq*36 qyrghyzdar osynday әdispen birneshe balyq ústady. Sol kýni kazaktar jana ýlken au jasady. Týp jaghalauy men kólding ózinde úsaq shyrghanaqtar óte kóp boldy. Qazaqtardyng aituynsha, birneshe jyl búryn búl ormannan ótu mýmkin bolmaghan eken. Kólde qústardan qaz, ýirek, qara suqúzghyndar men kishkentay qara patsha balyqtar*37 bar. Suqúzghyndaryn qazaqtar qaraqaz dep ataydy, al patshabalyqty qarabay deydi. Maghan tigilgen kiyiz ýide ýsh jylan óltirdik. Olar da óte kóp.

1 mamyrda*38 men Qazybekpen birge Boranbay auylyna attandym. Onyng auyly, qazaqtar aitqanday, Jyrghalanda ornalasqan, bizding týnemelikten 35 shaqyrym qashyqtyqta. Men Týpting dәl saghasyndaghy ótkelden ótip, sodan song Jyrghalang alqabyn Týpten bólip túrghan Taspanyng búiratyna kóterildim. Tal týste aldymyzdan ózen aghysy men agharandap auyl kórindi. Auyl ýlken eken. Jol boyynda kezdesken qazaqtardan Boranbaydyng odan ary kóship ketkenin bildik. Kýn ekvatordaghyday ystyq boldy, bizge dem alyp, qazaqtar aitpaqshy, keshki salqynmen ary qaray jýru kerek boldy. Osy maqsatpen biz jaqyn auylgha búryldyq. Auyldyng qojayyny jas jigit aldymyzdan shyghyp, ózin Boranbaydyng balasy, aty Qylysh ekenin aitty. Qylyshtyng shatyry bar eken, biz sonda ornalastyq. Qúrmetti qonaq retinde bizge qúmangha túz salyp qaynatylghan shay әkeldi, shay qalmaqtardyng zaturanyna*39 úqsaydy. Artynan qymyz berdi. Býkil auyldyng qazaqtary men kishkentay balalar bizding asymyzdan keyin qalatyn qoydyng sýiegin mýju ýshin jinaldy. Olardyng oiy bolmady, men qojayyndy onday әureshilikten qútqardym, tipti týski as iship otyratyn kez emes edi. Ayta ketu kerek, әielder bizden qorqyp kiyiz ýiden mýldem shyqpady, tek attanar aldynda ala búhar shapanyn kiygen jas kelinshek pen aq kóilek pen ýkili qyzyl taqiya kiygen jas qyz shyqty. Biraq, olar da tyghylyp qaldy. Qazaqtardyng aituynsha, barlyq dala adamdary siyaqty olardyng kózderi ótkir jәne kóregen, kelinshek birshama óndi eken, biraq jýdeu, al qyz naghyz súlu dedi olar, әriyne olardyng talghamy boyynsha. Qazaqtardyng týsiniginde әiel súlulyghy degenimiz denesining tolyqtyghy, betining tolghan aiday dóngelenip, eki betining úshy qyzaryp túru kerek, ony aqyndar qargha tamghan qangha teneydi.

 

Otryadtyng Týp ózenindegi balyq aulauy.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashepn salghan sureti. 1856 j. (332 bet)

 

Ary qaray jýrdik: jolda auyldar jii kezdesti, biraq qybyrlaghan tiri jan bolmady, barlyghy: «Orys, orys!» dep shoshyna aighaylap, kiyiz ýilerine tyghyldy. Kýdikti seyiltip, nәzik jandylardyng qyzyghushylyghyn tughyzu ýshin men qasymdaghy qazaqtargha qazaqsha әn saludy tapsyryp, ózim salsha kiyinip aldym. Búl әreket tolyq nәtiyje berdi, әielderding barlyghy kiyiz ýiden shyqty, tipti bir әiel músylmandar retinde bizge arnap joqtau jyryn aitty.

Qyrghyzdarda, bizdegi siyaqty әiel kýieuining qazasyn bir jyl boyy dauystap joqtauy kerek. Músylmandar, yaghny óz adamdary ótken kezde, ol joqtau aituy qajet. Súrastyra kelip bizding bilgenimiz, әiel sarybaghash oqighasynda kýieuinen aiyrylypty, kiyiz ýige ilingen qara tu sony bildirip, marqúmnyng jasyn da kórsetedi eken. Eger kiyiz ýige qanday da bir tu ilinse, sol ýy bir mýshesinen aiyryldy degen sóz. Eger tu qyzyl bolsa, jas adam dýnie salghan, qara bolsa, orta jastaghy, aq bolsa, kәri kisi degen sóz. Bizding ayashymyzdyng (qyrghyz әieli) otaghasy orta jastaghy bolyp shyqty. || Biz toqtap túryp qyrghyz әielding elegiyasyn (joqtau) tyndadyq. Sózderin anyq ajyrata almadyq, tek «oh!», «qoqiy!» degen dauysy aiqyn estilip túrdy. Búryn búl ordada bolghan bir qazaq sol kezde estigen óleng joldaryn keltirdi, soghan qarap biz mәtinin shamaladyq...*40

Joqtaudyng jalpy sipaty - «maghan endi ne bolady», dep, marqúmnan «endi mening kýndelikti qajetimdi kim óteydi» dep súrau, «etikti kim tigedi, tary botqany kimmen bólisip jeymin» degendey qúdaygha zar qylu...*41 Bizdi qorshaghan qazaqtarmen әngimelese bastadyq. Mening qazaq súltany jәne han túqymy ekenimdi bilgen son, olar senimmen qaray bastady, al egde әielder mening jýdeu deneme, qan sólsiz betime ayanyshpen qarady, ishterinen shamasy, bayghús, anasyn saghynghan bolar dep oilasa kerek, men siyaqty jas balany ay dalada kim әlpeshtep, biytin kim syghyp beredi dep ayasa kerek. Olardyng songhy anghyrt sózderi mening kýlkimdi keltirdi. «Ne degen meyirimdi, qarapayym adamdar!» - dep oiladym men. Bir kempir maghan tostaghan toly qymyz әkep berdi. Onyng kózqarasy men sózderinde shynayy janashyrlyq pen ayaushylyq túnyp túrghandyqtan, ony razy etu ýshin, tostaghandy bir aq simirdim.

Kelesi auylda bizdi kýtip otyrdy. Birneshe er adam meni «aldiyar»*42 dep súltansha qarsy alyp, meni alghyshqyda óte tanqaldyrghan ótinish bildirdi.

- Bizde bir beyshara ayash bar, - dedi olar, - ony jyndar bughan, biz aqsýiek adam onyng jynyn quyp jibere alady dep estigen edik.

- Olardy men qalay quamyn? - dep súradym men.

- Óte onay, - dedi qyrghyzdar, - qamshymen ayamay úru kerek, sonda býkil jyndar ketedi.

Múnyng bәri sandyraq, eshqanday jyndar joq, ol nauqas, ony úryp emdeu qajet emes, oghan tynyshtyq kerek ekenin qansha aitqanymen, onyng bәri beker boldy. Qyrghyzdar riza bolmay, bir soqqymen jyndardy quugha shamasy keledi, biraq ony istegisi kelmeytin qatygez adamday qarap ketti. Amal joq. Men olargha ózimning bauyrym súltan dep tanystyryp, bir qazaqty úsyndym. Ol batyr ónin ózgertip, qamshysyn tóbege kóterip, auylgha qaray tartyp ketti. Birneshe әiel beysharany ústap túrdy. Qazaq oghan aighaylay tap berip, ózining isine kirisip ketti. Bayghús shyryldap, zorgha qútylyp, ýige qaray jýgire jóneldi. Ony qaytadan ústap aldy. «Úr, úr» dep sheshesi aighaylady, «úr» dep qalyng top artynan qaytalady. Men shyday almay, bayghús ayashqa jaqyndap kelip, qazaqqa "emdeudi" toqtatudy búiryq ettim. Sommo de raison*43, nauqastyng tuystary mening aralasuyma riza bolmady. Barlyghy maghan yzaly kóz tastady. Tek aqylynan adasqan ghana meni qútqarushysy dep, әrtýrli jyly sózder aityp, moynyma asyla ketti.

قـالـقالایـن اکاکای، الـدیـنکـنان کـیـتـایـن اکای44*

Barlyghy tynyshtalghannan keyin, men nauqasty qaray bastadym. Onyng jasy 15-ten aspaghan siyaqty, biraq arqasyndaghy qos búrym shashy onyng kýieuge shyqqanyn kórsetip túrdy. Ol óte, óte kórikti eken. Ýlken qara kózderi bireudi izdegendey bolyp jan jaqqa alaqtaydy. Óni bop-boz, ózi jýdeu. Soghan qaramastan, óte әdemi. Ýstinde ishkóilek pen jyrtyq shapannan basqa kóilek bolghan joq. Men onymen sóilesuge tyrysyp edim, mening súraqtaryma ýzip ýzip, tek «Jambek», «Shong әke», «Qarajan» jәne t. b. esimderdi atady. Sodan song bir jas qyrghyzdy kórsetip: «Mening ainam... ol syndyrdy... jaghamdy jyrtty» dep, eshkim kórip qoymasyn degendey ózining jaulyghyn tyghyp qoydy. Súrastyra kele, janaghy aitylghan esimder onyng tuystary ekenin bildim. Onyng túrmysqa shyqqanyna bir jyl bolypty, kýieui jana sausaghymen kórsetken jas qyrghyz jigit. Bәri týsinikti boldy. Kýieui ony úryp, ainasyn syndyryp, kóilegin jyrtqan. Áke sheshesining ýiinde jalghyz qyz bolghan, demek, әkesining erkesi, degenining bәri bolghan. Kýieuining qatygezdiginen, qataldyghynan búrynghy bostandyghyn ansap, esinen aiyrylghan. Onyng ylghy adamdardyng atyn atap, bireudi izdegeni sol eken.

Jas aru men onyng tughan-tuystaryn onyng sauyqqanyna sendirip, eger әieli auyrmasyn dese, kóilegin jyrtyp, ainasyn syndyrmaudy kýieuine tapsyryp, ary qaray jýrip kettik.

Boranbaydyng auylyn kórsetken tústan biz ony tappadyq. Úzaq uaqyt adasyp jýrdik, 40 shaqyrymday bos sendelip, ayaghynda keshke qaray bir baqtashygha jolyqtyq, ol bizdi shatqalgha әkeldi, onyng eng tóbesinen, qarly shyndardyng arasynan auyl otyn kórdik. Bizge arnap ýy tikti, shay berip, qúrmetimizge qoy soydy. Biraz uaqyttan keyin Boranbaydyng ózi keldi, әdettegi aman saulyq súrasudan keyin sarybaghyshtar turaly әngime bastaldy - kimning qay jeri auyrsa, sony aitady degendey.

|| 2 mausym. Bughu ruynyng manaby Boranbay Bekmúratovtyng Túlpartas shatqalyndaghy auyly.

Bizge arnalghan ýy biyik jerge tigilipti, sondyqtan biz tanerteng tóbeden barlau jasadyq. Tómendegi sayda qyrghyzdardyng auyly shashyranqy jayylyp jatyr. Ádettegi qazaq auylyna tәn shu men itting ýrgeni, abyr sabyr kórinbeydi - manaydyng bәri óli tynyshtyq. Alasa ýiler alshaq ornalasyp, shenber jasap túrdy. Auyldyng ortasynda qúlyndar baylanyp32, bie sauylyp jatty, sol jerde qoy, siyrlar jýrdi... Kiyiz ýiding manynda otyrghan birneshe әiel qúrt qaynatyp otyr. Men manap ýiining ishin kórgim keldi. Boranbay basynda ýiim tar, mal mýlkimdi sarybaghyshtar tonap ketti dep syltauratty, biraq mening jalynyshym*45 ony rayynan qaytardy. Boranbay ýiin kórsetuge kelisip, dayyndyqqa biraz uaqyt ber dep súrady. Ayaghynda bizdi shaqyrdy. Taudyng etegine ýlken saqtyqpen týsip, Boranbay ordasyna jettim.

 

Qyrghyz manaby Boranbaydyng otbasy.

Suretshi P. Kosharovtyng akvareli.

 

Men kirgende ýide birneshe qyrghyz otyrdy. «Udakob*46»قوباغال، اودا قوب! , - dep aighaylady qojayyn, otyrghandar ornynan atyp túrdy. Men kiyiz ýiding tórine jayghastym. Madame, tisteri úzyn (ol qansha tyrysqanymen erni ony jasyra almady) ala shapan kiygen egde әiel kilemning ornyna tóselgen qoy terisining ýstinde otyrdy. Qoldary kir kir jәne qolynda qalghan úsaq jýnder hanymnyng biz kelerding aldynda arqan iyirgenin bayqatty. Men onyng hal jaghdayyn súrap, mal basynyng amandyghyn týgendedim, múnyng barlyghyna ol basyn shúlghyp jauap berdi, basyn shúlghyghan sayyn, úzyn tisteri qatarlasa kórinip túrdy. Qúrmetti ayashtyng erkine kónbey tisteri anyq bayqalyp túrdy, ony jasyru ýshin ol shapanynyng jenin qayta qayta auzyna apardy. Mening saualdarym ynghaysyzdyq tudyratynyn bayqap, ayashty jayyna qaldyrdym da, kiyiz ýiding ishin qaray bastadym. Kiyiz ýiding ishinde bizding qazaqtardaghyday ne tósek, ne sandyq, ne kilem joq, bir sózben aitqanda, ýiilgen kiyizden basqa eshtene kózge shalynbady. Esikting ong jaghynda shiyden toqylghan qalqa túr. Qabyrghanyng manynda qazaq súltandaryndaghyday kilemmen kómkerilgen qaz qatar túrghyzylghan sandyqtar da joq. Onyng ornyna ýiilgen kiyiz qoyylypty. Qytay matasymen qaptalghan birneshe jastyq әdeyi kórsetuge arnalghanday kiyizding ýstine tasalypty. Mening astymda bir ghana kilem boldy, degenmen óte jaqsy toqylghan. Kiyiz ýiding ishinde ot janyp, oshaqta su toltyrylghan eki qúman túrdy. Sol arada qojayyn әiel bizding sac-voyage gha*47 úqsas búzau terisinen jasalghan sómkesinen eki qytay kesesin alyp, qymyz qúidy. Qyzmetshi qyrghyz susyndy alyp, ózi ishti de, bir tostaghanyn maghan, kelesisin Boranbaygha әperdi33. Bizding Úly jýzding bir qazaghy nasybayyn aldy. Nasybaydy kórgen qojayyn әiel tisterin aqsityp, ýndemesten aitpay qolyn sozdy. Bizding qazaq oghan óte sypayy týrde shaqshasyn sozyp, alaqanyna nasybaydy ýiip berdi.

Ózime tigilgen ýige kelgen song men attardy ertteuge búiryq ettim, qyrghyzdardy kórsem degen maqsatym oryndaldy.

Boranbay biz attanar kezde óte sypayy boldy. Men odan rulary turaly, manaptar turaly súradym, sosyn ol múnyng bәri aq patshanyng búiryghymen olargha syilyq beru ýshin jasalyp otyr dep úighardy. Solay dep oilap qalghan qúrmetti manap maghan keterde qonaqty bos qaytaru - jaman yrym degendi aityp, at mingizip, jibek búl berdi. Men ony syilyqsyz aq qúrmetke ie boldym, onyng qonaqjaylylyghyn eshqashanda úmytpaymyn, әrqashan jýregimde saqtaymyn dep sendirdim. Biz jaqsy dos bolyp aiyrylystyq, tek eki kýn ótkennen keyin týsinbestik payda bolyp, dostar ghana emes, jalpy tanys adamdarmen salqyn qarym qatynas payda boldy.

|| Men Boranbaydyng ýiinen óte jaqsy әsermen attandym. Búl әserding jalghasa beruine jolda kezdesken auyl adamdarynyng kórsetken yqylasy da sebepker boldy, әsirese, әielder óte peyildi boldy. Ár nәrsening erejege baghynbaytyn birdemesi bolady degen sóz - naghyz shyndyq. Mening qyrghyz әielderi turaly aitqanmyn, sonyng arasynda bir jaghday boldy. Qyrghyz arularynyng súlulyghyna tәnti bolghan men kiyiz ýiding tóbesinen inderunge*48 syghalap qaraghanym bar, odan búryn sol jerden bizge mening oiymsha óte kórkem ayashtyng qara kózderi qaraytyn.

 

Ýsh ayash (Ystyqkól qyrghyzdarynyng әielderi).

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashpen salghan sureti. 1856 j. (338 bet)

 

Men qatelespeppin. Kiyiz ýide rasynda da әdemi eki jas qyz otyrdy, biraq olardyng bireui, mening soryma qaray, tandanarymdy, әlde quanarymdy bilmedim, aiday súlu qyz eken. Somme de raison, ústalyp qalghan aru óte ynghaysyzdanyp qaldy, biraq sonsha qatty emes. Alghashqy ynghaysyzdyqty jengennen keyin onyng meni balaghattay bastaghany, tipti úyat sózdermen balaghattaghany qyzyq boldy... «Tas jútqyr», «kózing qylilanghyr», «basyna bәle jausyn» degen song ol meni «manqa qazaq» dep tildedi. Bir jaghynan, ókinishti boldy, ekinshiden, quandym, sebebi әp sәtte balaghat sózder qoryn jinap aldym, biraq sol jaman sózderdi tamasha qyrghyz súluy aitqany úyat boldy. Osynshama «qoshamet» sóz estigennen keyin ary qaray qaludyng mәni bolmaghany aitpasa da týsinikti. Ary qaray jýrip kettik. Doly әielding auyr әseri kelesi auylda úmytylyp ketti. Auylda mening qazaq súltany ekenimdi bilip alypty. Bir qúrmetti hanymnyng qyzy nayman ruynan shyqqan qazaq súltanyna túrmysqa shyqqan eken. Búl jerde barlyq súltandardy bir rudan dep sanaytyndyqtan, olar bizdi shydamsyzdana kýtip, balalarynyng jaghdayyn bilmek eken. Men sol súltannyng tanysymyn dep qana qoymay, tuysqanymyn dep tanysqanym dúrys bolar dep taptym, sondyqtan olardyng barlyq saualdaryna jaghymdy jauap berip, qyzdary súltannyng sýiikti hanshayymy dep sendirdim. Osynday beykýnә әri kónil júbatarlyq ótirik aita otyryp, men osy halyqpen jaqyndasayyn, olardyng tuystyq mahabbatyna bóleneyin degen niyette boldym. Mening keybir qiyn saualdargha bergen jauabym, súltan hanshayymnyng esimi kim, qansha balasy bar degen siyaqty súraqtargha bergen jauabymnyng olarda bar mәlimetterge say kelgeni sonshalyq, ózimning suayttyq qabiletime ózim tanqaldym. Bastapqyda olardan barlyq mәlimetti alyp, artynan soghan oraylastyryp jauap bergenim belgili ghoy. Qalay bolghanda da biz otyrghan kiyiz ýige qyrghyzdardyng kәri-jas әielderi jinalyp, aramyzda әngime órby bastady. Biz jas ayashtarmen qaljyndastyq, al olardyng qaljynynan ótkirlik pen batyldyq bayqaldy. Jalpy qyrghyz әielderining jaqsy qasiyetteri kóp, olarmen birneshe kýn birge bolyp, jaqsy bilip alsa bolady. Qyrghyz әielderining shekten tys tәkapparlyghy turaly sózderding barlyghy tym әsirelengen: jalpy biz tanysqan ýsh ayash óte aqkónil eken, aqkónildiligi sonshalyq, olardyng kónilin qaytaru kýnә bolar edi. Men Boranbaydyng auylynda әdeyi ashynalyq jasayyn dep (qazaqtardyng әdeti boyynsha) bireu arqyly әreket jasap edim, onyma kóngen jauap aldym. Ony paydalanugha maghan uaqyt jetpedi.

Áyel kiyimining tolyq toptamasy kóz aldymda bolghan son, men olardy zerttey bastadym. Qyrghyz әielderi, túrmysqa shyqqany bar, shyqpaghany bar, dabydan*49 tigilgen jaghasy joq aq kóilek kiyedi, onyng keudesindegi oiyghyn qyzyl jibekpen әdipteydi. Olardyng ýstine kiyetin shapandary erkekterdiki siyaqty. Olar ala shapan kiyedi, tek kók týsti kiymeydi (qazanyng belgisi). Túrmysqa shyqqan әielding kiyimindegi qyzdan aiyrmashylyghy - bas kiyimi men shashtaryn órude ghana. Áyelder bireuin betine keltirip, ekinshisin tóbesine ainaldyryp eki aq oramal baylaydy. Qyzdar kishkene ýkisi bar aq taqiya kiyedi. Áyelder shashtaryn eki búrym ghyp órip, úshtaryn biriktirip, tiyn, kilt, zәnkirler*50 jәne týrli әshekey búiymdar taghyp qoyady. Qyzdar shashtaryn úsaq órim ghyp órip, qúlaghynyng manyna asyl tastarmen, monshaqtarmen, әrkim shamasyna qaray әdemilep qoyady. Shashtyng úzyndyghy súlulyqtyng birinshi belgisi, sondyqtan barlyq әielder jalghan shash jalghap alady. Betke opa jaghu siyaqty kosmetikalyq boyaular da ýlken qoldanysqa ie eken. Búrynghy kezde qyzdar kókózbek ﻛﻮﯕﺰﺑﻚ dep atalatyn korset (keude tartqysh) kiyedi eken. Sonymen qosa inju, marjan, tiynmen bezendirilgen keudesheler kiyipti. Olardy alatamaq dep ataydy. Múnyng bәri kóne zamanda bolghan. || Jas әielder saltanatty jaghdaylarda aq bas kiyim - sәukele kiyedi.

Ayashtardyng yqylasy auyldan shyqqannan keyin bizding tili ótkir qazaqtardyng arasynda kóptegen kýldirgi әngimeler tughyzdy. Bireu qyrghyz qyzy óz erkimen belgilengen rendes vous*51 kezinde qanshalyqty úyang bolatynyn aitty. Sizding barlyq erkeletu men nazynyzgha ol qanaghatsyzdyq kónilmen ...*52 jauap beredi.

3 mausym kýni Emenning etegindegi jelden ruynan shyqqan qyrghyzdardyng auylynda týnedik. Sonynan ynghaysyzdyq tudyrghan bir oqigha boldy.

3 kýni keshke eski tanysym Qylyshtyng ýiine týski as ishuge týstim. 4 i kýni keshke búrynghy Taspa men Týp arqyly ótip, Kýdirgi ózenining jaghalauyna toqtaghan jasaqqa kelip qosyldym.

 

Ystyqkól qyrghyzdarynyng әielderi.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashpen salghan sureti. 1856 j. (340 bet)

 

Taspa - Jyrghalang alqabyn Týp alqabynan bólip túratyn taular tizbegi. Búl ózen óz bastauyn Týp sekildi Syrt tauynan alady, alayda ol Syrt tauynyng ong jaq baurayynan bastalady. Aghysy qatty, taudan shyqqan kezde tipti ótkel bermeydi. Jaghalauy tal terek siyaqty aghashtarmen kómkerilgen. Jyrghalangha ong jaqtaghy Santash tauynan Qyzylqiya ózeni qúyady, sol jaq, Alataudan Týrgen Aqsu ózeni qúyady, ózge úsaq búlaqtardyng belgili atauy joq. Tauda kók qalyn, baurayy - shyrshaly orman. Barlyq jaqta jәne Teriskeyde búl orman Tyshqan ózenine deyin jetedi. Taspa boyynda ýsh japyraq, shytyr, jusan ósedi. Taspada búrynghy aryqtardyn, topyraq ýiinderi men jyralardyng orny bayqalady. Qazaqtar Taspanyng býkil boyynda aryq orny jatyr deydi. Ony qalmaq hany Baqa Manju jasaghan. Taspa mýiis bolyp kólge jalghasady. Búl mýiis Kóke Holasun dep atalady. Jyrghalynnyng arghy betinde, saghasynda Bórishoqynyng eki shoqysy túr. Olardan Jyrghalang saghasyna Ýsh Jyrghysh dep atalatyn ýsh búlaq qúyady.

|| Qarabatpaq manynda, kólge qaray jer batpaqty.

Biz túrghan jerden kelesi Saty men Qarabatpaqqa qaray odan sәl qashyq jerde Sarybúlaq dep atalatyn eki búlaq aghady, Sarybúlaqtan Kýrmeti ózenine deyingi aimaq tastaq, manaydyng bәrinde iri-iri tastar jatyr. Osy jerden men jerge jartylay kirip túrghan balbal tastar taptym.

 

Ystyqkólding soltýstik jaghasyndaghy balbal tastar

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashepn salghan sureti. 1856 j. (341 bet)

 

Tanqalalarlyghy, olardy tapqan jerde Malorossiya, Sibirdegi siyaqty qorghandar bolmady. Búl balbal tastardy kim qoyghany jәne neni bildiretini әli [kýnge] belgisiz34. Mening osy jerden kórgenderim úzyn múrtty adamnyng bet mýsini boldy. Olardyng ong qolynda tostaghan siyaqty ydys boldy. Bet әlpeti men kóz qiyghy monghol tipterin eske salady.

 

Kýrmeti ózenining bastauy. Suretshi P. Kosharovtyng sureti. (342 bet)

 

Búl jaqtyng ósimdikteri óte nashar. Esesine Kýrmetiden Ishanata (ایشان اتا) ózenine qaray jayylym óte bay. Men osy jerden ebelek kórdim. Ishanata ózen saghasyndaghy kókterek toghayynyng atauy. Kól manynda esh jerde kókterek ormany óspegendikten, búl toghay erekshe kórinip, qasiyetti sanalghan. Barlyq bútaqtaryna úsaq shýberekter, sadaqa zattar, attyng qyly baylanypty. Qúrmet ózenining alqabynda sarybaghyshtar men búghulardyng әigili shayqasy ótken. Sarybaghyshtardyng auyly qasiyetti toghaydyng manynda, al búghulyqtar Sarybúlaqta bolghan, sondyqtan búghulyqtar ózderining jenilisterin kórshilerining qasiyetti toghaygha jaqyn ornalasqanynan dep sanaydy. Ishanatanyng manynda qorghandar men topyraq ýiindileri óte kóp. Sarybúlaq pen Kýrmetining saghasyndaghy shyghanaqtar, aghystar birige kelip, jarty aral qúrady. Ol alqappen shaghyn moynaq arqyly jalghasady. Búl jarty aral Qarabúlyn dep atalady, oghan adam ayaghy baspaydy. Ishanata men Kýdirgining arasynda Qarynjardy búlaq dep atalatyn kishkene búlaq bar. Kýdirgi dep kólge ózenning ong jaghynan enetin mýiis te atalady. Jasaq osy jerde týnedi.

2 mausym. Sol oryn. Troisa kýni.

Biz jýrip ótken joldardyng boyynda tauan ótetin kelesi asular jatty: birinshisi - Kýrmeti asuy, ol Ystyqkólge qúyatyn Kýrmeti ózeninen týziledi. Osy taudyng soltýstik baurayynan taghy bir ózen aghady, ol da Kýrmeti dep atalady. Ol Shelekke qúyady, odan keyin Jinishke ózeni arqyly Qyzylauyzgha, odan Asygha, odan ary qaray Týrgen arqyly Ile alqabyna ketedi. || Kýdirgining de asuy bar, biraq onymen barymtashylardan basqa eshkim óte almaydy. Qúrmeti - Alataudaghy eng jaqsy asulardyng biri. Onymen keruender de jýredi.

4 [mausym]. Jasaq Órikti dep atalatyn ýsh búlaqtan ótip, ýshinshisine toqtady. Qarabatpaqtan beri shaghyn ózenderden ótetin joldardyng bәri jýruge qolayly, tipti arbamen jýruge bolady. Sarybúlaqtan bastap Kýngey alqaby birte-birte taryla beredi de, eni bes shaqyrym bolady. Osy Óriktining jogharghy jaghynda, taudan shyghatyn tústa kóne qorghannyng qaldyqtary jatyr. Búl qorghan әli jaqsy saqtalghan. Onyng audany shamamen bir shaqyrym, ýsh qabyrghamen qorshalghan. Ishki qabyrgha syrtqysynan biyik jәne bekinis siyaqty qalanghan. Ontýstik-shyghysqa baghyttalghan onyng búryshyna*53 qalmaqtar qoyatynday qarauyl baghanalary ornatylghan. Qúrylystyng izi barlyq jerden bayqalady. Biraz tómenirek odan da kóne qorghandar bar, olardyng eni shaqyrymgha juyq. Ózennen biz shoyyn qazan taptyq.

Ýshinshi Óriktiden tómen qylqan japyraqty orman mýldem joq. Qútymaldygha deyin tútas alqapta arbanyng ótuin qiyndatyp qana qoymay, attyng túyaghyn tilgileytin tastar jatyr. Qayyq qoy ýshin biz 5 mausymda biz Birinshi Óriktige oraldyq. Ol jerde 12 ne deyin boldym. Bayserke sarybaghyshtarmen Ýshinshi Óriktiden qaytty.

|| Mausymnyng ... kýni men Ystyqkólden ketudi úighardym. Mening kóruim, biluim kerekterding bәri tausyldy. Sarybaghyshtardyng isi úzaq daugha ainalyp, bitetin bolmady.

Jolserik bolghan qayyrymdy әriptesterimmen qoshtasyp, Satynyng qiyn әri qauipti asuyn betke alyp keri qayttym. Kýndelikten ózderinizge mәlim, Kýngey Alatau jotasy arqyly, kóp asu bar. Barlyq kólikpen jýruge ynghaylysy - Santash. Onymen keruender ótedi. Qalghandary tek atpen salt jýruge qolayly. Búl asulardyng ishinde, kýmәn joq, Saty birinshi orynda túr, ekinshisi - Kýrmeti, Baysoryn jәne Qaskelen. Saty jyldyng barlyq mezgilinde ashyq, tipti qystyng qar mol jauyp Santashtyng ózimen jýru mýmkin bolmaghanda da Saty isten shyqpaydy. Kýrmeti, Baysoryn jәne basqalary tau bókterindegi qar tausyla bastaghan mezgilde, tamyz aiynda ashylady. Olar sol kezde Satygha qaraghanda qolaylyraq. Sondyqtan men Saty arqyly jýruge bel budym, onyng ózgelerge qaraghanda qauipti әri qiyn ótkel ekendigi de mening sheshimime sebep boldy.

 

Ýsh Óriktidegi jasaq qosyny.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashpen salghan sureti. 1856 j.

 

Sayahatshy bolghandyqtan, men qyzyqty sayahat oqighasyn izdedim. Búryn jýrip ótken joldarmen Satynyng Qúrmetige qúyatyn túsyna deyin eshbir qyzyqty oqigha bolghan joq, tek Kýdergide jylan óltirip, Kýrmetide qaban qudyq. [Men] jogharyda aitqan jer qorghandar Ishanatanyng sol jaghalauynda jatyr, al balbal tastar Ishanata men Kýrmeti aralyghynda jәne Sarybúlaqqa deyin kezdesti: búl jerler ótkenning qaldyghyn eng kóp saqtaghan meken. Múnda shamamen, әr kezendegi 4 rudyn35 molalary men ýiindileri bar: 1 si - tóbeshikti, sonan son, sol zamandaghy tórtbúryshty pishindi ýiindiler kezdesti. Keybir tórtbúryshty pishindi tastar baghan sekildi jerden shoshayyp túr. Olardy shóp basyp ketse de, izderi kórinip jatyr. Kýnshyghys jaghynda jәne kireberisting keybir jerlerinde ýlken tastar túr. Sodan song granit jәne jay tastan retsiz ýiilgen molalar jalghasady. Saty shatqalyna kiretin jer keng jәne onsha biyik emes. Biz Satymen joghary qaray NS*54, baghytynda ózenning salasyna qúyar jerine deyin jýrip, sonan song N (soltýstikke) qaray búryldyq, birneshe ret joghary kóterilip, NS*55 baghytyna jýrdik, odan ary taghy N (soltýstikke) búrylyp, taudyng qarly shyndaryna shyqtyq. Taudyng dәl eteginde, tastaq jerde jusan men betege ósedi. Jogharygha kóterilgen sayyn ósimdikter әrtýrli bola týsti. Týrli ýlken japyraqty ósimdikter, shatyrgha, jartylay shatyrgha úqsas, shashaqty sabaqtary kóterilip, endi gýldey bastapty.

Týp ózenindegi jasaq qosyny. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng joryq shatyry.

Sh. Uәlihanovtyng qaryndashpen salghan sureti. 1856 j.

Shóp sonsha qalyn, tipti attyng ayaghy shalynady. Tau eteginde saryaghash, dolana, itmúryn bútalary bar, biraq kóp emes, tek shyrsha ghana tútasyp ósken. Jogharygha órlegen sayyn ósimdikter siyrey bastaydy, tek arshagýl ghana bókterdi jauyp, qargha deyin kóterilip, soltýstik bauraydy tútas alyp jatyr. Úshar shynda qar jatyr, al qardan endi arshylghan jerlerde japyraq býr jara bastaghan. Soltýstik baurayda jua, bәisheshek, baqbaq tәrizdi ósimdikter bar. Áli busanbay, atty adamdy kóteretin qatyp jatqan qarmen taugha kóterilgende, aua rayy kәdimgidey salqyn boldy, jel yzghyta soghyp túr, men eriksiz tonymdy kiyip aldym. Jogharydan Ystyqkól kelbeti ashyldy. Qyzghylt kýmistey jarqyrap jatqan kól aspanmen tauly shyndardyng alys bederimen týstesip túr. Kýn shúghylasy alqapqa búlttardyng dóngelek kólenkesin týsirude. Biz shynda túrdyq, aua temperaturasy shamamen 6 7 gradus qana boldy.

Bizding aldymyzda jaughan qardyng kesirinen jol jabylyp qalypty, sondyqtan biz tәuekel etip, taudyng tik betkeyimen jýrdik. Jer tayghaq, attarymyz syrghanaqtap, túyaqtarymen tas úshyrdy. Tastar tómen jyqpyldardan óte domalap, kózge kórinbey ketti. Kazaktar jayau jýruge tiyis boldy, al qazaqtar at ýstinde miz baqpastan, ýzengisin tebinip qoyyp, ynyldap keledi.

 

Ystyqkólding batys jaghy. Topograf M. Sirotkinning sureti

 

Attar birneshe ret syrghanaqtap, qúlady... Mine, mine qúlady, domalady degen sәtter kóp boldy, biraq Allanyng kómegimen qúlamay, ary qaray sapar shektik. Bir jarym saghat boyy biz osylay qyrqamen jýrip, ayaghynda búrynghy jolgha týsip, tómendey bastadyq. Tómen týsu kóterilgennen góri әldeqayda tik, әri qolaysyz boldy. Eger biz joghary kóterilgende jer batpaq bolmaghanda, arbanyng ózin jogharygha sýirep shyghugha bolar edi. Soltýstik baurayda qalyng qar jatty, biraq, búghan qaramay, múndaghy ósimdikter ontýstikke qaraghanda biyik. Satynyng býkil boyyna jol tómen qúldilaydy. Saty sol jaqtan qosylatyn aghyspen birigip, suy molayyp, tar arnamen jyldam aghady. Shyrshaly orman bastalyp, ósimdikter týrlenip, qalynday bastady. Jalghyzayaq sýrleuge ainalghan jol ghana barghan sayyn jýruge qolaysyz boldy. Keybir tústarda iyir búdyr tau qyspaghy ózendi taryltqany sonshalyq biz sumen jýrip, tizemizden su keshuge mәjbýr boldyq. Jol boyynda qúlaghan aghashtar kóldeneninen jatty, biz olardyng astynan attyng jalyna jabysyp әzer óttik. Ary qaray sýrleu joghary kóterildi. || Tómende 30 sajynday jerde Saty tolqyndanyp jatty, jogharyda key jerleri shyrshagha bólengen granitti jalanash qúzdar túrdy. Ayta keterligi, Alataudyng negizgi jynysy graniyt: qyzyl graniyt, súr jәne aq. Saty aghysymen jýrgende soltýstik baurayynda porfir men aspet*56 kezdesedi. Biz eng qiyn sýrleuge jaqyndadyq, ol biyiktigi 40 sajyn qúlama jardyng erneuimen jýredi. Qorqynyshty jerge jetpey jatyp mende kýtpegen jaghday boldy. Jolda dauyl qúlatqan dәu shyrsha aghashy jatty. Men atty tebindim. Atym tik túryp shapshydy, biraq túyaghymen aghashqa sýrinip, qúlap qaldy. Men úshyp ketip, ornymnan túrdym. Tepe tendigin joghaltqan atym jardan tómen domalap ketti, men tek guildegen dauysyn estip, tastar arasyndaghy atymnyng basy men er toqymyn ózennen kórdim. Baqytyna qaray, jar jaydaq boldy, 30 sajynday domalaghan at aman qaldy. Jaman aitpay, jaqsy joq degen, sonyng arqasynda men qazaqtardyng arasynda batyr әri epti bolyp kórindim. Solaysha iyrelendegen sýrleumen jýrip, biz әigili jargha da jettik. Qazaqtardyng sendiruimen jәne aqylgha salyp saralaghan son, biz attan týsip, jayau jýrdik. Búl jer - ýlken granitti qúz, onyng qalqasy ózenge týsip túr. Sýrleu tura jardyng jiyeginde, sol jaqtan basqa qúz kóteriledi. Múnday qiyndyghyna qaramastan, Saty - eng jaqsy asu. Ateke alghash ret ótkeli beri búl jerde birde-bir baqytsyz oqigha bolmaghan. Ateke ótken kezde bir bala atymen jardan qúlaghan deydi, úshyp bara jatqan kezde kóilegi shyrshagha ilinip qalyp, sol túrghan jerinen arqanmen aman esen tartyp alypty. Esesine kóptegen týieler men qazyna mýlik Satynyng túnghiyghynda qalghan. Dәl osynday qauipti, biraq jaylyq jarmen biz jarty shaqyrymday úzaq jýrdik, ayaghynda Shelekti boylap, onyng baurayyna jettik. Ol arada tau ózendi granitti qúshaghynan bosatyp, oghan kishkene erkindik beredi. Ózenning jaghalauy taldy ormangha kómkeriletin osy alqapqa deyin ýnemi shyrshaly ormanmen jýrdik. Biz týnegen Toghayly shatqaly alban ruynyng qyzylbórikterining qystauy. Ary qaray jol qauipsiz boldy da, biz qauip-qaterden qútylyp, 80 shaqyrymday ... *57jýristen son, búryn sondy bolmaghan tәbetpen shay iship, eshqashan úmytylmaytyn tәtti úiqymen úiyqtadyq.

13 mausym. Biz soltýstik batys baghytqa qaray kishkentay*58 búirat arqyly ótip, Shelekting batystan soltýstikke búrylghandaghy joghary túsynan ótip, ol jerden jazyq Jalanash ýstirtine kóterildik, ol óte qolayly jaylau. Búl taugha arbamen kóterilu tik bolghandyqtan mýmkin emes. Búl asuda qazylghan ýngir bar, ol adam qolymen qazylghan siyaqty. Asu búl shatqalda alghash qystaghan ýsh jolaushynyng birining esimimen...*57 dep atalady.

|| Búghy, taueshki, arqar siyaqty jabayy januarlar búl ólkede sansyz kóp bolghan desedi, rasynda da, qadam attaghan sayyn kezdesetin ólekseler búghan dәlel. Búl taularda albandyq aitbozym eli qonystanghan.

 

Alataudyng jәne Teriskey Alataudyng shyndary.

Akvareli. Sh. Uәlihanovtyng sureti. 1856 j.

 

Búl taulardyng shynynan tónirekting kelbeti ainaday kórinedi. Batystan shyghysqa qaray Jalanashty ainala ótip, soltýstikke qaray Shelek ózeni aghady. Jalanash asuynyng túsynda Shelekke Asy*58, Qaldybúlaq, Kýrmeti jәne batys taraptaghy ózge de belgili ózender qúyady. Jalanashtyng taulary Alataudan taray otyryp, Shelek, Jinishke men Asy bastalatyn tau shynynan tarmaqtalady. Jalanash Shelek pen Jinishkening jogharghy aghysynyng ortasynda jatyr. Onyng sәl ghana tarmaghy bar Jalanashpen qatar jatqan jәne oghan qosylatyn soltýstik baurayy Arqalyq dep atalady. Jinishke men Asynyng arasynda Birinshi Asy jotasy bar, onyng shyghys bóligi Jinishkening Shelekke qúyatyn túsynda Baqaly dep atalady jәne ol eng jyly qystau (qaranyz, Kýndelik, birinshi bet, Shelek). Jinishkeden Asy taularyna qaray jer biyiktep, búlaqtarmen tilgilenedi, ol búlaqtar Jinishkege kóldenendep qúyady. Olar Ýshbúlaq dep atalady. Ýsh Asymen ótetin asu Qyzylauyz dep atalady. Qyzylauyz manynda jәne ary qaray ózenge deyin auyldar ornalasqan. Búl jaqtyng qazaqtary qyrghyzdar siyaqty orystardan ólerdey qorqady. Balalar men әielder biz jaqynday bastaghannan aq shu kóterdi. Búl asudan arbamen ótuge bolady. Taudan týskennen keyin kishkentay, tar, úzyndyghy 20, eni 6 shaqyrymday alqap ashyldy. Búl jerdi týgeldey dulattar meken etken. Tekasu alqabynyng soltýstik shetinde, ortasynda eki shoqy túr, sondyqtan ol Araltóbe dep atalady.

Búl kýni taghy da 80 shaqyrym jýrgen song biz súltan Áliydin, óte bir aqymaq adamnyng ýiinde týnep shyqtyq. Kelesi kýni, taugha Týrgen asuy arqyly kóterilip, ong jaqta Kómbeli atty tau men asudy qaldyryp, odan ary ózen aghysymen Esikke óttik, sol jerde qazaq diqandardyng ýiinde týnedim.

Esikting taudan shyghatyn túsynda sarqyrama bar. Týrgenning bas jaghynan bastap jyly, ósimdikter qalynday týsti. Týrgen jaghasynda tal, kókterek, alma aghashy, órik, moyyl, qaraqat, tobylghy, saryaghash, tipti kók qayyndar da kezdese bastady. Jazyqqa týsken kezde shópting qalyng bolghany sonshalyq, attardyng jýrisin bógep, beluardan keldi.

Talghardyng joghary jaghynan qazaqtar "Rýstem qorghany" dep ataytyn qorghandy kórdik. Búl qorghan kezinde óte berik bolghan, tipti qazirding ózinde oghan kiretin eki esik bar. Onyng ýsh tik jәne terendigi 6 sajyn ory bar. Qorghan túrghan alang jerden 8 sajyn biyiktetilgen. Jyrada jәne alanda alma aghashy men taushymyldyq jәne ózge bútalar qaulap ósip túr. Biz jýrgen barlyq jerge, tau etegine deyin auyldar qonghan. Dulattar men shapyrashtylar qyrghyzdar siyaqty bizdi kórgen bette taugha qashty, shamasy, kazaktar olargha kezinde jaqsy sabaq berse kerek.

Talghardyng manyndaghy jazyqta qorghandar, ýiindiler men qazaq egisteri kóp.

|| 15 mausym kýni keshke Vernyy bekinisine kelip jettik. [Men] búl jerde sarttar sarybaghyshtardan Ýmbetәlining ótemine men onyng qyzyn talap etip otyrghanyn, sol ýshin 300 sipaydyn*59 sol jerde ekenin bildim. Sol sebepten sarybaghyshtardyng bir bóligi Vernyidan eki kýndik jerdegi Qozybashygha kóship ketipti.

16 [mausym] kýni keri shyqtyq. Ile bekinisine qaray ósimdikter naghyz dalalyq sipatqa ie bolady. Jusan, ebelek, shy óte kóp ósedi, qara biday, jazdyq biday bar. Kóknәr gýldep bolypty. Jolda bizge jýzdey týiesi bar keruen kezdesti. Keruender búl jolmen birinshi [ret] jýrip barady. Búghan sebep - arghyndardan qoryqqandyqtan.

Jetisuda barlyq jerde kәdimgi jorghatorghaydyng targhyl týri kezdesedi. Ystyqkól men onyng taularynda ol mýldem joq.

Ile bekinisine biz tanerteng jetip, Tamghalyjargha attandyq. Kýn ystyq boldy (әdette múnda әrdayym solay). Kýni boyy atta otyryp, әbden sharshadym, tek keshke jettik. Talghardyng bekinis túrghan tómengi túsynda, Qaskelennen tómen Ile jaghalauy kóterinki, jartasty, búl jerler Qapshaghay*60 dep atalady.

 

Esik ózenindegi sarqyrama. Topograf M. Sirotkinning sureti

 

Ile boyy ósimdikke óte jútan, tónirekting bәri qúm. Ebelek, jusan, qyzylsha, shi, quray, oshaghan ósedi. Ilening suy lay, jaghymsyz. Qytaylyqtardyng nanymy boyynsha Ilening suy ziyandy, odan adam jýdeydi-mys. Esesine Dorjy ózenining (qazaqtar Shoshqaly dep ataydy) suy emdik qasiyetke ie sanalyp, Qúlja qalasynyng sheneunik qytaylary sol sudan ishedi.

18 mausymda keshke qaray Shengeldiden óttik, [men] ol jerding su qúbyryn qarap, bir qúbyr aldym. Týnde qalyptas*61 dep atalatyn búl manaydaghy belgili jalghyz ken ornyna 5 shaqyrym jetpey ornalasqan Qarashoqy bekinisinen óttik. Onyng aumaghy birneshe sajyn. Qazirde qyzyl jәne súr qalyptas ashylghan. Qoyankózden ótip, tanerteng Altynemelge jettik. Altyn Emel mongholsha atau. Búl ólkede qalmaq atauymen qalghan jerler kóp: Sagan Bugu (aq maral), Shóltebe*62, Labasy, t. b.

 

Vernoe bekinisi. Suretshi P. Kosharovtyng shygharmasy. (351 bet)

 

Maghan [búl ataulardyn] shyghu tegin týsindirmek niyetpen qazaqtar anyz aityp berdi. Hontayshy býrkitpen angha shyghyp, Alataudyng qarly shyny, Talghar jotasyna, Taushoqygha kóteriledi. Qarayyp kóringen qoydy kórgen býrkit talpyna bastaydy. Han [ony] jiberip, artynan túlparymen ózi de shabady. Býrkit Sagan Buguda aqmaraldy alady, al Shóltóbede taueshki ústaydy. Shauyp kele jatqan hannyng aty Ileden qarghyp, túyaghy sugha tiyedi. Han múny bayqap: «Búl sudy este saqtau kerek eken» deydi. || Ángimeshining aituy boyynsha, Taushshoqyda siqyrsha hontayshynyng izi saqtalghan, onyng dәu shahmatyn әli de kóruge bolady.

Altyn Emelde Tezek tórening auyly Terisaqqan bekinisine jaqyn Qúrymbelge qonghanyn bilip, soghan attandym.

Men alghash Altyn Emelden Ilege jýrip ótkende, dalanyng bәrin qyzghaldaq jauyp túrghan. Qazir búl týs solghyndap, esesine betege, ebelek, shytyr jetile ósipti. Ile bekinisinen Shengeldige qaray jol ózen jaghalauymen jýredi.

Ilening orta aghysynda jaghalauy týgel derlik qúm tóbeler, olargha jútang dala ósimdikteri tәn. Jalanash jaghalaugha qarap onyng negizin dala shpatynan túratyn granit qúraytynyn bayqaugha bolady. Qaskeleng ózeni qúyatyn tústan tómen jaghalau ózgeredi: ýlken granit tastar batpaqty sormen aralasady.

Ilening ong jaghalauy negizin granit tastar qúraytyn qúmdy beles. Jaghalauda jiyde, tal, balghyn (kazaktar ony qúday aghashy dep ataydy), saryaghash, úshqat, tobylghy, qyzylshy bútalary ósedi. Ile alqabynda ziyandy jәndikter óte kóp: býii, saryshayan, jylandar bar. Januarlardan dalada ýiirimen qaraqúiryq, aqbóken, qúlandar jýredi. Qasqyrlar kóp. Qústardan kóktemde qaz, ýirek kezdesedi, jartasta kepter, qarataghan, shil bolady. Ormanda qyrghauyl mol.

Tezekting ýiinde 5 kýn boldym. Men ketkenshe auylda ýsh bәige, bir toy boldy.

23 mausym kýni saghat 9 da men Tezek auylynan attandym. Qarghaly men Aghynyqatty [ózenderinin] arasyn qazaqtar Shúbar dep ataydy. Búl ózender Terisaqqangha kóptegen salamen qúyady. Búl ara tastaq, sondyqtan atpen jýruge qolaysyz. Tóresazy - Aghynyqattymen tau arasyndaghy sortang alqaptyng atauy. Kóksudan Ýigentasqa deyingi jer jәne Qúrymbel albandar men jalayyrlardyng jaylauy.

Tóresazyda kazaktar shóp shabady. Kóksuda kópir bar, jәrmenke [ashu] jospary bar. Stansiya sol jerde ornalasuy tiyis. Kóksu alqaby salqyn. Múnda astyq jii ýsip qalady. Búl jerding qary Jetisuding ózge tústaryna qaraghanda kesh eriydi. Esesine Terekti men Ýigentasta qysta da qar bolmaydy. Albandar Ýigentastan Qúljagha deyingi arada qystaydy, jerdi paydalanghany ýshin qytaylargha jylyna 60 at tóleydi. Olardyng barlyq súltandarynda qytay sheni bar. Marqúm Hakimbek kýngirt qyzyl týsti shary bar ghún*63 bolatyn, onyng dәrejesin súltan úly múra etti. Tezek shtab ofiyserining kók sharyna iye.

|| Kóksudan shyghyp súltan Qambar Alanovtyng ýiine týnedim. Janghyzaghashtan Sukov bekinisine deyingi jol ór. Múndaghy ósimdikter de taugha tәn - keng japyraqty jәne shatyrly bolyp keledi.

 

Ile ózenining alqaby.

Suretshi P. Kosharovtyng shygharmasy. (353 bet)

Qapaldaghy qala alany.

Suretshi P. Kosharovtyng akvareli. (353 bet)

 

Qapalgha kelgen song dosym D. E. Vernyigha ótkenin jәne jaqynda [osynda] bolatynyn estip quandym. Qapalda eshkim joq deuge bolady. A*64 tasty jaryp jana jol salu ýshin Qisyqauyzgha ketipti, óte kónilsiz boldy. Eki kýnnen keyin men kýtken djentelimen keldi: óz janalyghyna óte quanyshty: birinshiden azghantay dәri paydalanyp, jartasty sәtti jarghan jәne jabynqysh ýshin jaqsy balshyq tauypty. Men tәjiriybeni kórdim, ol óte sәtti [shyqqan]. Balshyq óte jaqsy, keyin óte paydaly boluy mýmkin. D. E. men Kovrigin keldi. Kovrigin Tentekting manyndaghy Yrghayly shatqalyna ken oryndaryna ketip barady eken. Men kóp adamdar aitatyn qyrdaghy eng tamasha jer - Oijaylaudy kórgim keldi, sondyqtan jaghdaydy paydalanyp, Kovrigin myrzagha jolserik bolugha bel budym.

... shilde kýni keshke shyqtym. Arasanda týnedik. Búl kýni bizge Jetisuda ataghy shyqqan batyr әri barymtashy Tineke*65 keldi. Ózining suyq jýris, suyt joryqtaryna qaramastan, Tineke mataydyng qaptaghay ruy arasynda ýlken yqpalgha ie jәne bolys bolghan. Ol orta jastaghy, óte myghym kisi. Bir qyzyghy, ol jiyren, saqaly úzyn jәne múrny óte ýlken. Sonymen qosa Augen*66 kishkentay jәne oinaqy kózderi onyng siqyn óte jaghymsyz etip kórsetedi. Ol bizben birge jýrgisi keldi, biraq mas bolghany sonshalyq, tóbesinen qúighan tórt shelek su esh әser etpedi. Mening bayqaghanym, Tinekening býkil denesin Buffonnyn36 alghashqy qauymdyq adamy siyaqty týk japqan. Onyng joldasy súltan Qúdaymende ózining orynsyz qylyqtarymen bizdi әbden jalyqtyrdy. Ol mәdeniyetti bolyp kóringisi kelip, aqymaq pikirlerin tyqpalap bitti. Jýikene tiyetin myrza, qit etse araq súraydy.

|| ... shilde kýni, Qisyqauyzdan sәtti ótip, Qarauyzda attarymyzdy auystyryp, uryadnik jәne 6 kazaktan túratyn kýzet pen qazaq jolbasshy alyp, Shúbaraghashqa aparatyn jolmen taugha órledik. Kýn birshama ystyq boldy, ishetin qymyz joq. Jalghyz júbanyshymyz - tau ózenderining salqyn suyna shomylu. 30 shaqyrym jýrip Aqsudan astyq, týnde Basqangha jettik. Raqymdy Alla ózining qúldaryn as susyz jatqyzbady: týnde taudan auyl týsip, bizge tap keldi. Olar osynda týneudi josparlap kelgenimen, orystardy kórip, ýdere jóneldi. Songhy auyl qolgha týsip qaldy. Olardyng batyry men әielderin aldamaq bolghan barlyq әreketimiz beker boldy - qorqyp qalghandary sonshalyq, arty ne bolaryn oilap, syilyqtarymyzdy almady.

 

Úly jýz qazaqtarynyng súltany Tezek tóre.

Akvareli. Suretshi P. Kosharov. 1857 j. (355 bet)

 

Bizding esimizdi jinaugha múrsa berip, olar bizden 3 shaqyrymday qashyqtyqqa qondy. Bizge ýy tigip, ózderine eriksiz kórshi etken son, olar óte mazasyzdanyp, aiqaylasyp, qyzdardyng bәrin aldygha salyp jóneltti, al ketip ýlgermegenderi jyrtyq shapan kiyip, siyqsyz bolyp kórinu ýshin betterine balshyq jaghyp aldy. Beyshara kóshpendilerdi kazaktar men sot biyleri sonshalyq qorqytyp tastaghan.

Qazir egin oraghy uaqtysy. Barlyq auyldar sol ýshin egis salghan jazyqqa týsedi, eginin oryp alghan son, tamyzdyng sonynda Balqashqa, qúmdy qystaugha ketedi. Týni boyy janymyzdan kósh ótip shyqty. Tanerteng túrghanda, jasanyp kiyingen әielder mingen týieler tizbegi әli ótip jatty. Erkekter kóshting janynda qoy nemese týie aidap jýrdi. Kóshting týrinen aq kórinip túrghanday, olar arghyndardan anaghúrlym kedey. Kiyiz ýilerding birazy ógizderge artylyp, dala amazonkalary osy «túlparlargha» otyrdy. Olardyng barlyghy jyrtyq shapan, etik, t. b. kiyipti. Men jogharyda aitqan týieler kóshining iyesi súltan eken, ol orys sheneunigining osynda ekenin estip, aldyna keludi jón sanapty. Qúr qol bolmas ýshin (ondaydy sheneunikter únatpaydy) qymyz alyp kelipti. || Súltan ózining kim ekenin aitty, qúr qol keludi ynghaysyz sanaghanyn, kiygizer shapan jýkte ketkenin, mingizer aty janynda joq ekenin aityp, qymyz ghana әkele alghanyn týsindirip, keshirim súrady.

 

 

Kóksu shatqaly.

Topograf M. Sirotkinning sureti. (356 bet)

 

Úzaq әri beybit әngimeden keyin súltan bizding jay sheneunik ekenimizdi bayqaghan son, osyghan deyin tegin soymaq bolghan qoyyn ýsh ese baghasyna satty. Bizben jýrgen kazaktar kóz qiyghymen qarap, ózara kýlisip otyrdy, mysqylshyl bireui kapralgha: «Momyn Mikolany búzau jalaydy» (Juas týie jýndeuge jaqsy) degendi aitty. Múnymen olar búryn sot biyding qasynda jýrgende dem ala almaytyn súltannyng arsyz qylyghyn túspaldady.

Biz ótken jerden Suyqjaylau taulary bastalady. Qiya asuy osynda jatyr. Qarauyz bekinisinen Basqan ótkeline deyin 50 shaqyrymday bolady, jol Aqsugha qúyatyn Sarqan ózenin kesip ótedi. Tau eteginen bastap, jazyqqa deyingi jerlerge qazaqtar egistik salyp tastaghan. Dala saz balshyq (dala shpatynyng býlingeninen). Onda jusan, egistik mýkjiydek, qúlqayyr kóptep ósedi. Qazaq molalarynyng kóptigi búl jer iliyattargha37 jaqsy qonys, malgha jayly jayylym bolghanyn bayqatady. Basqannan әzer ótip, biz tau etegimen 20 shaqyrym jýrip, Besban arqyly taugha, búlaqqa jettik. Búl taudyng negizin topyraqty qatparly tas, kvars pen granit qúraydy, ózen jaghasynda kóp [jerde] temir totyghynyng әseri bayqalady. Kishkentay eki búlaqtan ótip, Terektidegi auylgha toqtadyq.

Basqannan týnemelikke deyin 40 shaqyrym.

Kelesi kýni Lepsige qúyatyn Terekti ózeninen óttim. Búl ózenning jaghalauy terekpen kómkerilgen. Ózen aghysy jyldam jәne suy da taza. Kóterilgen sayyn jol jýru qiynday týsti. Arbagha jeguge ýirenbegen qazaq attary bizdi әbden sharshatty. Kelesi kýni Almaly shatqalynan (biz toqtaghan jer || osylay atalady) Shúbaraghashqa óttik. Terektiden bastap tamasha jerler bastaldy. Kók degen keremet. Jua qauyzdy gýlder óte kóp (qalmaq sabyny). Tauda shyrsha, qayyn, terek [ormany] jii kezdesedi. Shúbaraghash - dalanyng ontýstik shyghysyndaghy auylsharuashylyqqa qolayly birden bir meken. Aghyny qatty ózennen ótu ózenning óte bolghanynan aghuy kóp ynghaysyzdyq tudyrdy. Stanisa jan-jaghynan taularmen qorshalghan, jazyqta túr. Jazyqtyng ortasynan men Santashtaghy tәrizdi qorghan kórdim. Stanisa 1854 jyly qúrylghan, ýiler endi salynyp jatyr, onda 10 polktyng jýzdigi ornalasqan, endi Tobyl guberniyasynyng ýsh jýzge juyq sharuasy otbasymen kóship kelipti.