Elbasy N.Á.Nazarbaev últtyq sanagha silkinis tughyzyp, qazaq halqynyng ótken tarihy men býgini, bolashaghy jayly baghdar kórsetken «Bolashaqqa baghdar: ruhany janghyru» atty tarihy mәni zor enbeginde: «Jana túrpatty janghyrudyng eng basty sharty – sol últtyq kodyndy saqtay bilu. Onsyz janghyru degeninizding qúr janghyryqqa ainaluy op-onay»,-dep atap kórsetti. Sonymen qatar osy tanymdyq enbeginde «búrynghyday tarihy tәjiriybe men últtyq dәstýrlerge shekeden qaramaugha» shaqyrdy.

Qazaq halqynyng ótken tarihtan joghaltqany kóp. Patshalyq biylik jýrgizgen Resey imperiyasynyng qúldyq qamytyn Kenestik rejim odan da qatty kiygizdi. Tútas halyqty jer betinen joiy, mәngýrt elge ainaldyrudyng jymysqy sayasaty údayy jýrip jatty. Qasiretti jyldardyng auyr zardabyn bastan keshken halqymyzdyng últtyq kodyn saqtap qalugha qaltqysyz qyzmet etken túlghalar boldy. Adamzat, sonyng ishindegi qazaq balasynyng basyndaghy bar jaqsylyq 1917 jyldan bastaldy dep týsindiretin iydeologiyanyng san aluan sandyraghyna qaramastan halyq han Abylaydy, Qarakerey Qabanbay, Qanjyghaly Bógenbay, Shapyrashty Nauryzbay syndy bahadýr batyrlardy, Tóle bi, Qaz dauysty Qazybek bi, Áyteke by syndy aqylman túlghalaryn úmytpay ghúmyr keshti. Qanshama qazaqtyng jaqsylaryn tarih aqtandaghyna ainaldyrghan qoghamda aty atalghan ayauly azamattardyng esimi emis-emis estilip, ruhany kodymyzdyng ýzilip ketpeuine septigin tiygizip keldi. Elbasy atap kórsetkendey: «Abaydyng danalyghy, Áuezovting ghúlamalyghy, Jambyldyng jyrlary men Qúrmanghazynyng kýi­leri, ghasyrlar qoynauynan jetken babalar ýni – búlar bizding ruhany mәdeniyetimizding bir parasy ghana» bolghanyn eshqashan úmytugha bolmaydy.

Últ Kóshbasshysynyng ruhany janghyruy jayynda aitqan kemel oilaryn qaytalap, jadyda janghyrtudy kózdegen oiymyzdy Qaz dauysty Qazybek by jayyndaghy tarihy tereng taghylymdy oilardy janghyrtumen jalghastyrudy maqsat túttyq. Ghasyrgha juyq ghúmyr keshken babamyzdyng tughanyna biyl 350 jyl toldy.

Qazaq halqynyng ótken tarihynda óshpes iz qaldyrghan ardaqty túlghalarynyng biri XVII ghasyrdyng ekinshi jartysy men XVIII ghasyrdyng birinshi jartysynda ómir sýrgen Qazaq handyghynyng úly ýsh biyining biri – kórnekti memleket jәne qogham qayratkeri, diplomat, sheshen, azattyq kýres jolyndaghy kósemderining biri – Qazybek Keldibekúly (1667- 1764).

Qaz dauysty Qazybek Syr ónirining Týrkistan atyrabynda dýniyege kelip, qazirgi Qaraghandy jerindegi Dalba tauynyng týstigindegi Qaraghayly búlaq degen jerde 97 jasynda qys ailarynyng basynda ómirden ozghan. Búl qazirgi Qarqaraly audanynyng aumaghy. Onyng mýrdesin aq juyp, arulap, bylgharygha tigip, qys boyy tórt taghan tasqa ornatylghan sórening ýs­tindegi kiyiz ýide amanat retinde saqtap, kóktem shygha ýlken úly Bekbolat bastaghan Arqanyng 40 batyry men el aghalary qasiyetti Týrkistangha jetkizip, әulie Qoja Ahmet Yassauy saghanasyna jerlegen.

Qaz dauysty Qazybekting shyqqan tegi – Arghyn taypasynyng Qarakesek eli, bergisi – qazaq halqyna aty mәlim Shanshar abyz. Shanshardan Qazybekting әkesi Keldibek tuady. Keldibek te Arghyn eline biylik aitqan qazy bolypty.

Keldibekúly Qazybekt turaly el auzynda saqtalghan anyz-әngimeler men dana biyding ózinen jetken sheshendik sózder onyng óz zamanynda ozyq oily, halyqtyng tól әdebiyeti men salt-dәstýrin, ata joly zandaryn meylinshe mengergen, әdildigimen aty shyqqan, batyl adam bol­ghan­dyghyn aiqyn kórsetedi. Ataqty әz-Tәukening Qaz dauysty Qazybekti Orta jýzding bas bii etip tagha­yyn­dauyna onyng osy qasiyetteri negiz bolsa kerek. Qazybek by әz-Tәuke túsynda han ke­nesining beldi mýshelerining biri bolsa, maghynaly әri úzaq jasaghan ol keyingi Sә­meke, Ábilmәmbet, Abylay handar túsynda da el basqaru isine jii aralasqan, ishki-syrtqy sayasatta handargha aqyl-kenes berip otyrghan tereng oily by boldy. Búl tújyrymdy Sibir gubernatory min­detin atqarushy general-mayor Frauen­dorftyng Reseyding syrtqy ister alqasyna 1753 j. 11 nauryzda jazghan mәlimdeme-hatyndaghy pikiri tolyqtyra týsedi. Atalghan derekte: «Qazybek by býkil Orta jýzdegi eng basty by bolyp tabylady. Oghan Ábilmәmbet hannyng ózi, sonday-aq Abylay súltan, basqa da úlystardyng súltandary men el aghalary әrqashan da kelip, әrtýrli ke­nes­ter alady, tipti Qazybek biyding keli­si­min­siz Orta jýzde birde-bir manyzdy mә­sele she­shil­meydi eken», – dep jazylghan.

Qaz dauysty Qazybek by kózi tirisinde-aq dosy týgili qasyn moyyndatqan biyik túlgha. Ghasyrgha juyq ghúmyr keshken abyz jayynda ózi ómir sýrgen kezende de ghibratqa toly oilar az aitylmaghan tәrizdi. Ataqty biyding el tarihynan alar orny, roli qanday bolghanyn aighaqtaytyn maghlúmattar jetkilikti. Sol derekterding keybirine nazar audarsaq. Búqar jyrau babamyz ataqty Abylay hangha bylay deydi:

Qara Kerey Qabanbay,

Qanjyghaly Bógenbay,

Qazdauysty Qazybek,

Shaqshaqúly Jәnibek.

Ormanday kóp Orta jýz,

Sodan shyqqan tórt tirek.

Túghyr bolghan sol edi,

Sizdey tóre súnqargha, – deydi.

«Ormanday kóp orta jýzdin» ishindegi tórt danqty jandardyng qatarynda ataluy kóp jaytty anghartady. Osynday iygi jaqsylardyng qataryndaghy tolyqtyrular óz zamanynyng danqty jyrauynyng biri Ýmbetaydyng Bógenbay batyrdyng ólimin Abylay hangha estirtui tolghauynda odan әri jalghasyn tabady, jyrau bylay dep tebirenedi:

Kereyde batyr Jәnibek,

Qaz dauysty Qazybek,

Qu dauysty Qúttybay

Qara Kerey Qabanbay,

Qanjyghaly Bógenbay,

Abylay sening túsynda

Sol beseui bolypty-ay!

Keyi batyr, keyi biy,

Tәnirim bergen sonday syi!

Al Qaz dauysty biyding óz zamandasy, el tarihynda Qarlyghash әulie atanghan Tóle by babamyzdyng baghasy tipti bólek. Qazybek biydi belgili bir jýzding ghana emes, bar qazaqtyng jaqsysy dep biletin kóregen biy:

Qaq jarghan qara qyldy Qazybegim,

Bir ózing bar qazaqqa azyq edin, – dep terennen tolghaydy.

Qazybek by jayyndaghy alghashqy ghylymy zertteulerding avtory bolghan ghalym Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng «XVIII ghasyrdyng batyrlary turaly tarihy anyzdar» degen enbeginde: «Abylay hannan ýsh jýzding batyrlarynyng ishinen kimdi erekshe qúrmetteysiz dep súraghanda, ol: Bizge deyingi erlerden eki kisige tanghalugha bolady. Onyng biri – 90 tuysyn Qalden Serenning tútqynynan qútqarghan Qarakesek Qazybek...» dep jazady. Búl zamanynda aqylymen qatarynan ozghan dana biyine han Abylaydyng bergen naqty әri әdil baghasy edi.

Qaz dauysty Qazybek biyden qalghan bagha jetpes asyl múralar óte mol. Sheshenning әdildik jolyndaghy sheshimderi san aluan, sayrap jatqan iz. Úly biyden qalghan qanatty, ghibratty sózderding berer taghylymy az emes. Ghasyrlar ótse de uaqyt tezinen ótip,tughan elining jadynda últtyq kodqa ainalyp, janghyryp kele jatqan ghajayyp jәdigerler mol. Sol ruhany dýniyeler jayynda da az-kem oy bólisken dúrys dep sanadyq. Qazybek sheshen bylay deydi:

Altyn úyang – Otan qymbat,
Qút-berekeng atang qymbat.
Aymalaytyn anang qymbat.
Asqar tauyng әkeng qymbat.
Úyat penen ar qymbat.

Endi birde:

Atyng jaqsy bolsa,

Tirshilikte mingen pyraghyn.

Balang jaqsy bolsa,

Janyp túrghan shyraghyn.

Biyden qalghan mәdeny múranyng deni bala tәrbiyesi, úrpaqtar sabaqtastyghy, otbasy birligi, el amandyghy ayasynda órbiydi. Mysaly:

Balang jaman bolsa,

Kóringenning mazaghy emes pe!

Tughan balang jaqsy bolsa,

Tәn men jannyng shyraghy emes pe!

Sonymen qatar ardaqty túlghadan qalghan amanat, ósiyet sózder óte mol. Ataly, bataly dýniyelerding ghibraty, berer taghylymy mәngilik el boludyng altyn dingegi. Bir sәt nazar audaryp kórelik:

Órkenim óssin desen, kekshil bolma -

Kesapaty tiyer eline.

Elim óssin desen, órshil bolma,

Óskenindi óshirersin.

HHI ghasyrgha azat el retinde qadam jasaghan qazaq elinin, Elbasy N.Á.Nazarbaevtyng sara sayasatynyng jarqyn betteri El birligi ekeni әlemge ayan. Qazybek biyden qalghan qasiyetti qaghidattardyng bir parasy el yntymaghy jayynda.

Auyl aqsaqaly shala bolsa,

Jigitteri alty auyz ala bolsa,

Sol auyldyng berekesi ketedi.

Qaz dauysty Qazybek jayynda aitylghan anyz ben aqiqat әngimeler az emes, sonyng ishinde kózi tirisinde kómekey әulie atanyp, tughan halqynyng tarihynda óshpes iz qaldyrghan Búqar jyraudyng súraghyna oray jauap bergen on ósiyeti de birlik pen yntymaq jayynan bastalady.

Bir degeniniz — birligi ketken el jaman.

Eki degeniniz — egesip ótken er jaman.

Danagóy babamyz tughan elin, jerin sheksiz sýidi. «Tuyp ósken eling qymbat, kindik kesken jering qymbat» ekenin údayy eskertip otyrdy.

Týiindi sózge oiyssaq. Qaz dauysty Qazybekting na­qyl sózderi men tolghaulary halqymyzdyng qymbat ruhany múrasy. 1993 jyly Qazaqstan Respublikasy Túnghysh Preziydenti N.Nazarbaev XVIII ghasyrdyng asa iri memleket qay­rat­kerleri Tóle biydi, Qazybek biydi, Áyteke biydi eske alugha arnalghan Ordabasyda bolghan saltanatty jiynda: «Ýsh danagóiding ónegeli ómiri, el qamyn jegen adal enbegi, top bastaghan kósemdigi, ot auyzdy, oraq tildi sheshendigi, mýltiksiz әdildigi jónindegi aitar әngime az emes. Olardyng auzynan shyqqan bitimdi bata, kesimdi bagha, ordaly oy, beyneli teneu, tórt ayaghy teng jorgha tolghaular ghasyrdan-ghasyrgha júrt jadynda jattalyp býgingi kýnge jetti»,-dep tebirengeni jadymyzda. Elbasy Qazdauysty Qazybek babamyzdyn: – «Biz qazaq degen mal baqqan elmiz, biraq eshkimge soqtyqpay jay jatqan elmiz. Elimizden qút-bereke qashpasyn dep, jerimizding shetin jau baspasyn dep, nayzagha ýki taqqan elmiz. Eshbir dúshpan basynbaghan elmiz, basymyzdan sóz asyrmaghan elmiz. ...Berseng jóndep bitimindi ait, ne túrysatyn jerindi ait!» – dep tógiltken asa tapqyr da batyl, eng bastysy sheshendik ónerding әdiletti jolynan taymay jauyn qapysyz moyyndatqan ónerin ónege etip jiylghan qalyng qauym aldynda aityp berdi.

Elim dep, jerim dep jan úshyrghan asyldarymyzdyng múnday jan aiqayyn býgingi úrpaqqa amanat retinde jetkizip otyru, tereng týsindiru, úghyndyra bilu – babalar aldyndaghy perzenttik paryz ben qaryzdy adal oryndau.

«Qaq jarghan qara qyldy Qazybek» babamyz ónegeli ómiri, kýreskerlik ruhy, danagóilik qasiyeti, sheshendik óneri ghasyrlar boyy armandap, kýres jýrgizip, azattyqqa jetken býgingi úrpaqqa qaltqysyz qyzmet ete beredi.

Nariman Núrpeyisov, Filologiya ghylymdarynyng kandidaty, Ontýstik Qazaqstan memlekettik pedagogikalyq instituty filologiya jәne tarih fakulitetining dekany

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