ShOQAN - 190

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Shoqan Uәlihanov.

2025 jyly Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng tughanyna 190 jyl tolady. Úly ghalym jerlengen Jetisu ónirinde býgingi kýnge deyin birqatar is-sharalar atqarylu ýstinde.  Atap aitsaq, 2023 jyly Memleket basshysy Q.Toqaevtyng tapsyrmasymen Jetisu oblysy, Kerbúlaq audany, Shanhanay auylynda ornalasqan Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng «Altynemel» atty memorialdyq muzeyi kýrdeli jóndeuden ótkizildi, janyndaghy eskertkish kesheni men jerlengen jeri abattandyryldy. Jol da janartyldy. Jóndeu, janghyrtu júmystary oblys әkimi B. Isabaev myrzanyng tikeley baqylauynda boldy.

Ózimiz de sol auyldyng tumasy әri Shoqantanu mәselesimen mektep qabyrghasynan beri ainalysyp kele jatqan adamdar retinde «Shoqan - 190» mejesine layyqty ýles qosugha úmtyludamyz. Osy uaqytqa deyin «Shoqan kimge kerek?», «Shoqan jәne Tezek tóre», «Shoqan muzeyindegi balbal tastar qúpiyasy», «Shoqan salghan suretter», «Shoqan ilimining kókjiyegi», «Shoqan qazaqtyng túnghysh prozaiygi» syndy ghylymiy-zertteu maqalalar jariyaladyq. Sonymen qatar, Shoqan muzeyining ekspozisiyasyn jasaqtaugha әdistemelik kómek kórsetip, qoldaghy bar eksponattarmyzdy muzeyge syilyq retinde tabystadyq.

Atalghan datagha baylanysty keler jyly Shoqan muzeyine kelushilerding sany arta týsedi dep kýtilude. Birqatar ghalym,  jazushy, ziyaly qauym ókilderi tarapynan ghylymiy-tanymdyq konferensiya ótkizu men Shoqan jýrgen jerlerge ekspedisiya úiymdastyru  turaly úsynystar da aitylyp jatyr. Búl orayda eng aldymen Shoqan jaqsy kórgen, kóp aralaghan, Tezek tóre mekendegen Altynemel óniri oigha oralady. Onyng ishinde qazirgi «Altynemel» memlekettik últtyq sayabaghy aumaghyndaghy ataqty «Ayghayqúmnyn» janynda ornalasqan, el auzynda «Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy búlaq» atty turistik nysan ataluymen qúlaqty eleng etkizedi. Búl búlaq turaly bala kýnimizde atamyz Altay Aqylbekov aityp otyratyn. Eseye bastaghan shaghymyzdan bastap atpen de, kólikpen de talay mәrte barghan bolatynmyz. Alayda, keyingi jyldary ol jaqqa jol týspep edi.

Sonyng orayy kelgen saparymyz aldynda, eger kelesi jyly Shoqan jýrgen jerlerge ghylymy ekspedisiya úiymdastyrylyp, «Altynemel» últtyq parkin aralap, atalghan búlaqqa baratyn bolsa, onyng qazirgi jaghdayy qalay eken degen oy maza bermedi. Aqyry biylghy tamyz aiynyng sonynda «jýz ret estigenshe, bir ret kór» degen qaghidany basshylyqqa alyp, Taldyqorghannan Ayghayqúm men Shoqan búlaghyna tartyp kettik.

Kópshilikke mәlim, búl jerlerge baru ýshin aldymen Jetisu oblysy, Kerbúlaq audanynda ornalasqan Basshy auylyna jetu qajet. Kerbúlaq audanynyng ortalyghy Saryózekten Basshiyge deyin 80 shaqyrym. Odan keyin  «Altynemel» memlekettik últtyq sayabaghynyng әkimshilik ghimaratyna baryp, arnayy rúqsat alu qajet. Sayabaq aumaghyna kiru ýshin bir kisige 800 tenge, mashinagha 200 tenge tóleu qajet. Basshiyden Ayghayqúmgha deyin 50 shaqyrym. Jergilikti túrghyndar óz kólikterimen 35-40 myng tengege aparyp keledi. Ayghayqúmgha barar jol boyynda «Mynbúlaq» jәne «Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy búlaq» atty eki turistik nysan ornalasqan.

Myna qyzyqty qaranyz, búl sapar bizge ekiúday sezim, yaghny bir quanysh, bir ókinish syilady. Quanyshtysy, birge barghan bala-shagha Altynemelding erekshe tabighatyna tamsanyp, Ayghayqúmgha órmelep, tan-tamasha boldy. Biraq jol boyy, búrynghy uaqytta ýiir-ýiirimen órip jýretin qaraqúiryq nemese qúlan kórmedik. Al ókinishti jaghyn bir-eki auyz sózben aityp tauysa almaysyn. Sebebi, adam da, mingen kólik te shydamaytyn, jyldar boyy jóndelmegen, qyrylmaghan joldyng siqy, kýtim kórmey oqat-shoqatqa ainalghan. «Sh. Uәlihanov atyndaghy búlaq» atty oryn, kirmek týgil jaqyndaugha qorqynyshty әjethana, auyz sudyng joqtyghy siyaqty kemshilikter eng optimist, qayratty degen turisting jýikesin tozdyryp, ekinshi qayta búl ónirge ayaq baspaytynday halge úshyratatynday.

Búlaqtyng qazirgi jaghdayy asa ayanyshty, suy tartylyp, qúrghap qalghan. Quraghan aghash, toranghy bútaqtary, ainalasyn aram shóp, quray basqan. Búlaqqa týsetin baspaldaq ýgitilip moryp ketken, al aghash kópir qisayyp, qúlaugha jaqyn túr. Búlaqtyng kózi kóp uaqyttan beri arshylmaghan, basy tazartylmaghan. Sózimizding dәleli retinde tómendegi suretterdi keltiremiz.

Suret avtordyng múraghatynan alyndy.

Suret avtordyng múraghatynan alyndy.

Suret avtordyng múraghatynan alyndy.

Búl az deseniz, ol jerge maghynysy men mәni migha qonymsyz jazulary bar, qazaqsha mәtini men oryssha mәtini mýldem sәikes kelmeytin aqparattyq taqta ornatylghan. Eng soraqysy, onda ýsh tilde jazylghan mәlimet Shoqannyng «Ocherky Djungarii» atty eng ataqty enbeginde surettelgen jayttarmen mýldem janaspaydy.

Suret avtordyng múraghatynan alyndy.

Mysaly, taqtada qazaqsha mәtini mynaday jazular bar: «Ghalym 1858 jylghy 28 mausymda Qapaldan otyz shaqyrym jerdegi Qaramola qonysynda Semeyden shyqqan keruenge qosyldy. Onyng joly qazirgi últtyq parkting aumaghynan ótetin. Shól aimaqtan asqan jolaushylar bastaudyng túsynda ayaldap, Uәlihanovtyng ózi osy búlaqtan su ishken. Onyng estelikterinde týnemelikke qonghan osy jayt turaly bylay jazylghan: «Keruen jalan, tastaq alqapqa shyqty. Alystan Ile kórinip túrdy. Biz qyrghyzdar qaraytyn, osy ózenning ýstinen salynghan ótkelmen jýrip, Qalqan taularynyng arasyndaghy, qúm ishindegi búlaqtyng túsyna týnedik».

Mine, osydan bastap búlaq halyq arasynda kóp dertke shipa bolatyn, kiyeli búlaq atalyp ketti».

Oryssha mәtini:

«Uchenyy prisoedinilsya k torgovomu karavanu iz Semipalatinska 28 iinya 1858 goda v urochiyshe Karamula, v tridsaty verstah ot Kapala. Puti ego prolegal cherez territorii nyneshnego nasionalinogo parka. Preodolevaya pustynnui mestnosti, putniky ostanovilisi na otdyh u istochnika, y Valihanov sam pil vodu iz etogo rodnika. On upominal ob etoy nochevke: «Karavan vyshel na goluy kreministui dolinu. Vdaly vidnelasi Ili, my poshly na perevoz, soderjimyy kirgizami, cherez etu reku y nochevaly u klucha v peskah, mejdu gor Kalkan». S teh por rodnik proslavilsya v narode kak svyatoy y izlechivaishiy ot mnogih bolezney».

Múndaghy oryssha jazylghan aqparat dúrys, sebebi Shoqannyng óz enbeginen alynghan. Al onyng aldynda keltirilgen osy mәtinning qazaqsha audarmasy eshqanday syn kótermeydi. Eng soraqysy, qazaqsha mәtindi oqyghan adam, Altynemelden asyp Qashghargha ketip bara jatqan keruenning Ile ózenining arghy jaghasynan beri qaray, yaghny keri baghytta ótkenin týsine almay dal bolatyny anyq. Sebebi, qazaqsha mәtinde «Biz qyrghyzdar qaraytyn, osy ózenning ýstinen salynghan ótkelmen jýrip, Qalqan taularynyng arasyndaghy, qúm ishindegi búlaqtyng túsyna týnedik» dep jazylghan.

Al shyndyghynda, keruen Altynemel tauyn asyp kelip, Ile ózenining ong jaq jaghalauynda, ótkelge jaqyn jerde, Qalqan tauynyng etigindegi búlaq basynda týnemelikke toqtap, ertesinde tannan bastap sol jaq jaghalaugha óte bastaghan. Búnyng ózi eki kýn uaqyt alghan. Búl turaly Shoqannyng «Jonghariya ocherkteri» atty enbeginde anyq jazylghan.

Taghy bir ýlken qatelik, ol keruenning jolgha shyghu uaqytynyng dúrys kórsetilmeui. Taqtada ýsh tilde 28 mausym dep jazylghan, al shyndyghynda, Shoqannyng ózi búl kýndi  28 mamyr dep naqty jazghan.

Jergilikti túrghyndardyng aituynsha, búl aqparattyq taqtany osydan  eki - ýsh jyl búryn әldekimder Últtyq parkting tapsyrysy boyynsha Almatydan әkelip ornatqan kórinedi.

Mine, qúrmetti oqyrman, óz isterine atýsti, salghyrt, qalay bolsa solay qaraytyn jauapty qyzmetkerler men audarmashy mamandardyng arqasynda dýniyejýzinen turister kelip kóretin «Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy búlaq» basynda ornatylghan shaghyn ghana aqparattyq taqtada sonshama qatelikke jol berilgen. «Elge kýlki, esekke tan» degen osynday bolar. Sosyn, «qyrghyz» dep qayta-qayta ataudyng jóni bar ma, der edik!

Búl jaghday aty әlemge әigili «Altynemel» memlekettik últtyq sayabaghy basshysy Quat Núraqymúly Bayturbaevtyng ózinen bastap, jauapty qyzmetkerlerine deyin Shoqan Uәlihanovtyng kim ekenin jete bilmeytin, eshbir enbegin oqymaghan, últtyq namystary da tómen adamdar emes pe eken degen oigha jeteleydi. Adam sanasyn aqsha jaulaghan qazirgi zamanda esh nәrsege tang qalugha bolmaydy.

Sondyqtan, esterine alyp jýrsin, milarynda qalsyn, bolashaqta maqtanyshpen aityp jýrsin degen izgi niyetpen Shoqan turaly kópshilik bile bermeytin mәlimetti qysqasha aita ketemiz.

Shoqan Shynghysúly Uәlihanov (1835-1865) - qazaq halqynan shyqqan túnghysh ghalym, suretshi, әdebiyetshi, audarmashy, aghartushy, shyghystanushy, qúqyqtanushy, sayahatshy, prozaiyk, publisist, etnograf, ekolog, kartograf, geograf, miynerelog, geolog, biolog, numizmatiyk. Shoqannan basqa otyz jasqa jeter-jetpes ghúmrynda onnan astam tilderdi iygerip, ghylym әleminde osynshama sala boyynsha enbek jazyp, janalyq ashyp, joghary dәrejege jetken eshbir adamzat balasy joq. Olay bolsa, Shoqannyng atyn kez kelgen sheteldik turister aldynda asqaqtata atap, maqtanugha tolyqtay bolady!

Bir ghana erligin atayyq.

Qalqan tauynyng etegindegi bastaugha týnep, Qashghariyagha attanghan sapary nәtiyjesinde sol uaqytqa deyin dýniyejýzilik ghylymgha beymәlim bolyp kelgen Orta Aziyanyng eng negizgi bóligin ashqan adam. Resmy ghylymy ortada Shoqannyng búl erligi Kolumbtyng Amerikany ashqan janalyghymen birdey dep esepteledi.

Reti kelgende aita ketsek, biz «Shoqan búlaghyna» toqtap, aralap jýrgende artymyzdan PAZ markaly avtobus ta kelip jetti. Ishinen 20-dan astam jastary egde tartqan, deni zeynetker turister týsti. Olardyng ekskursiya boyynsha jetekshisi búl jerde búlaq bar dep aldyn ala aitqan boluy kerek, olar birden bastaudy izdey bastady. Ishetin su tappaghan bir toby әjethana jaqqa qaray baryp, ishine kire almay dereu keri serpildi. Sózderi, kiyimderi, zattary men jalaushalary búl turisterding Amerika qúrama shtattarynyng azamattary ekenin bildirip túrdy. Olardyng jetekshisi әiel adam eken, qatty ynghaysyzdanyp, aghylshynsha baryn sala keshirim súrap, aqtalyp baqty. Ol kisi bir sәtte maghan jaqyndap jón súrady. Men oblys ortalyghy Taldyqorghan qalasynan kelgenimizdi, últym qazaq, memlekettik qyzmetshi, otbasymyzben demalysta qydyryp jýrgenimizdi aittym. Sol aq eken, amerikandyqtar bir-birine meni núsqap, qyzu talqylaugha kóshti. Olardyng «Valihanov», «gofermend» degen sózderdi jii qaytalap, bastaryn shayqap, búlaqtyng jaghdayyna kónilderi tolmay, narazylyq bildirip túrghanyn týsindim. Búl kýdigimdi menimen tildesken әiel adam rastap berdi. Myna turister dedi, ol kisi, dýniyejýzine әigili ghalym Sh.Uәlihanovtyng aty berilgen myna turistik nysan nege qarausyz, kýtimsiz qalghan, nege jauapty memlekettik organdar nazar audarmaydy, nege búlaq dep atalsa da basynda ishetin su joq degen siyaqty narazylyqtaryn aityp jatyr dedi.

Kónilderi tolmaghan turister, qoldaryn bir-bir siltep avtobusqa minip, Ayghayqúmgha qaray jýrip ketti. Al biz úyalghanymyzdan kirerge tesik tappay, men-zeng kýy keshtik. Amalsyzdan biz de ketken turisterding artynan Ayghayqúmgha qaray attandyq. Ondaghy jaghday «Shoqan búlaghynan» sәl jaqsy bolyp kórindi. Arnayy alangha turister otyryp, demalatyn birneshe oryndyqtar qoyylghan, әjethananyng da týri jaman emes. Biraq juynatyn, su ishetin nemese tamaqtanatyn ashana siyaqty oryn atymen  joq.

Qoryta aitqanda, Altynemel últtyq parki basshylyghy joldy greydermen qyryp otyru júmysy men turistik nysandardyng jaghdayyn nazardan tys qaldyrghan dep aitugha tolyq negiz bar. Jergilikti halyqtyng pikirinshe, olar  «inter ohota» degen jeleumen arhar, tau teke siyaqty andardy sheteldik qaltaly turisterge arnayy rúqsat boyynsha atqyzyp, myndaghan dollar paydagha kenelude. Al últtyq parkting damuyna eshqanday kónil bólinbeytin kórinedi. Búl sózimizding dәleli retinde Basshy auylynyng túrghyndary men Últtyq park basshylyghy arasyndaghy ushyghyp ketken dau-damaydy keltiruge bolady. Biyldyng ózinde búl auylgha birneshe telearnalar men BAQ ókilderi baryp, túraqsyz ahual turaly aqparat taratqan. Tipti auyl túrghyndarynyng bir toby Últtyq parkting әkimshilik ghimaratyna basa kóktep kirip, narazylyq bildirip, aiqay-shu shygharghan kýnder de jiyilegen.

Mine, qúrmetti oqyrman, 1996 jyly 10 sәuirde qúrylghan «Altynemel» últtyq memlekettik tabighy sayabaghynyng qazirgi jaghdayy mәz emes. Búl sayabaqtyng aumaghy  520,2 myng ga jerdi alyp jatyr, elimizdegi eng ýlken sayabaq bolyp sanalady. Onda  ósimdikting 1800-ge juyq týrleri bar. Olardyng 21 týri Qazaqstannyng Qyzyl Kitabyna engen bolsa, 60 týri Jonghar Alatauy men Ile-Balqash basseyninde siyrek kezdesetin ósimdikterding qataryna kiredi.

Januarlar әlemi boyynsha, sayabaqtyng aumaghyndaghy 56 týrli januar Qazaqstannyng Qyzyl Kitabyna engen. Sonyng ishindegi 25 týri jәndikter, 3 týri balyqtar, 2 týri qosmekendiler, 1 týri bauyrmen jorghalaushylar, 12 týri qústar, 10 týri sýtqorektiler.

Ókinishke oray, biz jol boyy birde-bir januar kóre almadyq. Jergilikti halyq an-qús týrlerining sany kýrt azayyp ketti dep dabyl qaghuda. Búl mәselemen qúzyrly organdar ainalysyp, anyq qanyghyna jetui tiyis dep oilaymyz.

Sayabaqty úiymdastyrudyng basty maqsaty - biregey tabighat keshenin saqtau, tarihiy-mәdeny eskertkishterdi qorghau, azayyp bara jatqan әri siyrek kezdesetin ósimdikter men januarlar әlemin saqtap qalu jәne ekologiyalyq turizmdi damytu emes pe?

Olay bolsa, «Altynemel» últtyq memlekettik tabighy sayabaghynyng jaghdayyna tiyisti ministrlikter erekshe nazar audaryp, júmysyn zaman talabyna say jolgha qoylary qajet.

Al biz negizgi taqyrybymyzgha oralar bolsaq, «Sh.Uәlihanov atyndaghy búlaq» atty turistik nysandy jóndeu men abattandyru júmysy jaqyn arada qolgha alynuy tiyisti degen oidamyz.

Óz tarapymyzdan ghylymiy-әdistemelik kómek kórsetuge әzir ekenimizdi bildiremiz. Osyghan baylanysty «Altynemel» últtyq memlekettik tabighy sayabaghy basshylyghyna kelesi úsynystardy engizemiz:

- atalghan taqta men basqa da jazulardy auystyru;

- taqtadaghy búlaq sózin bastau dep ózgertu. Sebebi, búlaq dep shaghyn, jinishke jylghada aghyp jatqan sudy ataydy. Al bastau - sudyng jer betine shyghyp jatqan jerin, yaghny qaynar kózin bildiredi. Jergilikti túrghyndardyng bәri búl jerdi jay ghana «Shoqan bastauy» dep aitady;

-  jóndeu, abattandyru júmysyn qolgha alu;

- turisterge arnalghan zamanauy әjethana men demalys ornyn jabdyqtau.

Sonymen qatar, Auyl sharuashylyghy, Turizm jәne sport ministrlikteri men mýddeli memlekettik organdar basshylarynan osy maqalada kóterilgen mәselening ondy sheshiluine yqpal etulerin súraymyz.

Mәselening manyzdylyghyn eskere otyryp, Almaty, Jetisu oblystarynan saylanghan Senat pen Mәjilis deputattaryna da osy maqalany saual retinde qabyldaudy jәne óz baqylaularyna alularyn ótinemiz.

Suret avtordyng múraghatynan alyndy.

Baghdat Baqtybayúly Aqylbekov,

Taldyqorghan qalasy.

Jetisu oblysy, Kerbúlaq audanynyng tumasy, memlekettik qyzmetshi, QR Jurnalister Odaghynyng mýshesi, Tezek tóre jәne Shoqantanushy, bos uaqytynda shygharmashylyq-zertteu júmysymen de ainalysady.

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