DOSAY KENJETAY. TALAQ BÝGIN HALAQ MÁSELESINE AYNALDY...
Ókinishke oray býgin kezkelgen úghymdy, qúbylysty әsirese adamnyng aryna qatysty kiyeli syr bolyp qaluy tiyisti mәselelerdi adamdyq qalyppen aqyl-parasatpen aq sheshuding ornyna,tek sharighattan izdeytin boldyq. Búl jappay qoghamdyq sanada diny tanymnyng basymdyqqa ie bolyp bara jatqandyghynyng kórinisi bolsa kerek. Biraq búl moda, kórsoqyr elikteushilik pen riyanyng kórinisi bolyp, nәtiyjede asyl dinimiz islamgha qara kýie bolyp jaghylyp jatyr. Dindi býgingidey әsire dinshildikting qalybymen ólsheytin sana, qazaq qoghamynda kelensiz jaghdaylardy ózimen birge alyp kelude. Sonday diny mәselelerding basynda jynystyq qatynastardyng sharighat arqyly retteluining abzal ekendigin nasihattaytyn hәlge jettik. Biraq búl qoghamdyq qatynastardy retteytin negizgi ústanym zayyrlylyq bolghanymen, dinimizding shartyna say neke qidyru keshegi kenestik iydeologiya kezinde de úmyt qalghan emes.
Tәuelsizdik alyp, egemen el boldyq dep dinimizdi, mәdeniyetimizdi joqtap jatqan tústa, nebir jat diny tanymdar islam atynan óz uaghyz nasihattaryn belsendi jýrgize bastady. Eng aldymen «halal-haram» shablony ýstemdik ete bastady. Din degen tek haram men halal arasyn ajyratatyn tyiymdar men búiryqtar retinde qabyldana bastady. Kerek deseniz «halal tualet, halal restoran, halal balabaqsha, halal kolbasadan bastalghan «halal nauqany endi jezókshelikting de halal haram týrin» shygharyp sanany ulap jatyr. Sóz degen qúdiretting esh qadiri qalmay barady. Halal sózining de mәni auysyp, tilde ghana quaty qalghan dengeyge jettik pe? Áytpese, ózi halal, ózi jezókshelik degen tirkes islamnyng ruhyna say ma? Búl da Batysta islamgha kýie jaghu jobasy retinde payda bolsa da búl jerdegi músylmandar selt etpesten ony qaytalap qoldana bastady. Búl sanagha jasalghan tanym men qúndylyqtardy qúnsyzdandyru tetigi bolatyn.
Endi qoghamda talaq pen neke turaly teris tanymdar men týsinikti jayyp jýrgender Batystyq emes, óz qarakóz bauyrlarymyz ekendigin kórip otyrmyz. Búl dinshilder islam dinin teris týsindirip, islamdy óz maqsattaryna qúral qylyp, qyzdarymyzdyng ar namysyn qorlap jatyr. Búl indetti qogham, memleket bolyp birlesip toqtatugha úmtylmasaq, erteng teksiz de arsyz úrpaq aldymyzdan shygha kelui ghajap emes.
Jalpy talaq úghymy - týsinigi, qúbylysy islam dini kelmesten búryn Arabiya aralynda bar edi. Ol arabtardyng búrynghy salt-dәstýrlerinen oryn alghan (erli-zayyp adam) qúbylys. Islam osy dәstýrding mazmúnyn ózgertip, adamdyq qalypqa, argha, qúdaylyq erikke say qayta týsindirip bergen bolatyn.
Talaq - islam dini terminologiyasynda kýieui tarapynan әielimen arasyndaghy nekelik qatynastyng ýziluin bildiretin sóz, tanym. Búl terminning negizgi sózdik maghynasy “bir túzaqtan, tordan qútylu, qútqarylu, ajyrau, ajyrasu” degenge sayady. Islamnan búryn ajyrasu sheshimi tek erlerde ghana bolatyn. Talaqtyng múnday týri islamnan búrynghy arabtarda qoldanylatyn. Eger erkek basqa birin alghysy kelse, búrynghy әielin op-onay “talaq” ete alatyn. Ásirese kýieui ólgen әiel, onyng (kýieuinin) tuystary mal-mýlik ornynda, әielding erki men rizalyghyna qaramastan satylatyn, satyp alynatyn edi. Búl norma Qúran ruhy arqyly transformasiyagha úshyrap, shekteuler men qayta tolyqtyryldy.
Osylaysha Qúran arqyly búl nadandyq dәuirdegi “talaq” týsinigine jan jaqty ózgeris engizildi. Eng alghashqy talaq turaly ýkimning týsu sebebine nazar salsaq, әielden qorqytu arqyly aqsha óndiru talaghy eken.(Nisa sýresi). Sosyn eri ólgen әieldi zorlap, erkinen tys satu, aiyrbastaugha tyiym salynghan ýkim kelgen.Sosyn osy sýrede әiel zatyna qatysty әleumettik, psihologiyalyq, moralidyq jәne qúqyqtyq mәseleler qúdaylyq erik pen sharighy norma retinde paryz etilgen. Talaq eger aitylghan jaghdayda, sol uaqyttan bastap onyng uaqyty anyqtaldy (iddat). Búl islamy ýkim bolatyn. Eger әielding osy iddat uaqyty ishinde jýktiligi anyqtalsa, búl uaqyt bala tuylghangha deyin sozylatyn bolghan. Búl ýkimning sebebi de ishtegi balanyng tegin anyqtau,ekinshi jaghynan osy uaqyt aralyghynda kýieui rayynan qaytuyna, osylaysha asyghys ajyrasudy retteu bolatyn.Eger asyghystyq jasaghandyghyna ókingen jaghdayda,әieline qayta qosylugha tolyq qúqy bar edi. Áyel jaghynan ókil (kuә) kerektigi ashyq aitylghanyna qaramastan,býgingi qoghamgha «dinshilder»,qayshy әreket jasap jatyr.(Nisa sýresi) Qazirgi qoghamdaghy jynys aralyq qatynastarda islam dinining adamzatqa alyp kelgen qúndylyqtary qúnsyzdanyp jatqandyghyn bayqaymyz. Islam dinine esh qatysy joq tanymdar men shablondar, sharighat retinde úsynylyp, әielder qor bolyp jatyr. Qyzdarymyz әke sheshesining rizalyghyn elemesten, dәstýr saltymyzdy attap, janaghy janadan tapqan sharighatyna moyynsúnghysh bolyp barady. Oghan ózderining «pәtuasy» da dayyn. Ata anasy bolghanmen, eger namaz oqymasa, din jolynda jýrmese, onyng uәkildigi ózdiginen týsip qalady-mys. Búl naghyz radikalizm, fanatizm.
Jazylghan jayttargha qarap otyrsaq, bas ayaghy birneshe jylda qyzdarymyz birneshe ret nekelesip ýlgeripti. Múnday statistika soghys kezinde de bolmaghan. Islam búghan týbegeyli qarsy. Jaraydy әiel erkek tarapynan talaq aldy delik, biraq onyng sharty islam sharighaty negizinde әrbir mazhab boyynsha rettelip qoyylghan. Onyng basty satysy iddat, yaghny erkekting әielge talaq degennen keyingi «merzimdi uaqytty» kýtui eki jaqqa da shart. Osy uaqyt ishinde erkekting әiel aldyndaghy jauapkershiligi toqtamaydy, yaghny әieldi ýisiz, kýisiz qaldyrugha tyiym salynghan. Búl mәsele islamda óte manyzdy oryngha iye. Sebebi Qúranda búl qúbylysqa arnayy sýre arnalghan. Islam әielge óte joghary oryn bergen, baghalaghan. Mysaly Talaq sýresinde әiel qúqy – Allanyng hududy, shegi, ony attap ketuge, ne taptaugha rúqsat joq. Iddat uaqytyn saqtau, ajyrasugha eki kuәning boluy shart. Búl shartty da eger Allagha shyn iman keltirip, Odan qorqatyn bolsanyz dep olardyng jauapkershiligine artyp qoyghan. Demek búl paryz.Demek ayat ashyq,biraq,býgingi jaghdaylarda qazaqty dinmen aldap,ózi de aldanyp, nәpsining jeteginde ketken «dinshilder» ótirik nemese әdeyi eldi islamnan suytyp, islamofobiyagha jaldanyp jýr degen sóz.
Búdan shyghatyn qorytyndy qoghamdaghy beleng alyp bara jatqan radikaldy aghymdar әdeyi jahiliya dәuirindegi saltty islam atymen tyqpalap, eldi, qyzdarymyzdy aldap otyr. Erteng ashynghan analar resmy týrde islamgha ózderi aq qarsy shyghatyn bolady. Búlardyng maqsattary osy bolyp túr. Ótpeli kezende qoghamdaghy otbasylyq qatynastardy ydyratyp, islam atyn jamylyp ylang salu ekeni belgili boldy. Búghan el bolyp, qogham bolyp qarsy túrugha shaqyramyn.
Abai.kz