Egistikke týiir dәn shyqpay, tigerge túyaq tappay qinalghan halyqtyng ashtyqqa moyyn­súnghan zamany keshe ghana emes. Alapat nәu­betting ejelgi dәuirde elge shýilikken kezi bolghan. Tarihtaghy eng auyr kezeng de osy ashtyq jyldary bolsa kerek. Qaghazgha tanbalanghan derekter Japon arhiypelagynda sonau 1180 jyly eldi ornynan ýdere kóshtirgen zúlmattyng ótkendigin kórsetedi. Jerge bir tamshy janbyr jaumay, quanshylyq oryn alady. 1181 jyly Kiotodan bastap, elding býkil Batys aimaghyn asharshylyq jaylaydy. Araldar ólikterge tolyp, tiri qalghandary jónkile kóshedi.

Segiz ghasyr búrynghy Kamakura dәuiri­ning ghúlamasy Kamonochyoumey «Houdjouki» degen kitabynda «Youva kezeninde eki jyl qatarynan býkil dýnie ashtyqtan zardap shekti. Japon araldarynda kóktem men jazda quanshylyq bolyp, kýz ben qysta tayfun tolastamady. Tabighy apattar toqtamay, el bir týiir dәnge jete almay zar boldy» dep jazghan. Asharshylyqtan eng aldymen, el astanasy Kiotonyng japa shekkendigi de osy enbekte aitylghan. Nәubet kezinde bir ghana Kiotonyng 42300 túrghyny kóz júmghan. «Jol jiyegindegi ólikterde esep joq. Týgel terip jatqan kim bar? Shirigen iyis mýnkip túr» dep, shahardyng ólikke tolyp ketkendigin surettegen. Ninnadjy ghibadathanasynyng dinbasy ólikterding mandayyna belgi soghyp, tanbalaghan deydi. 1230 jyldargha deyin sozylghan aqtandaq jyldar osy Youva kezenindegi ashtyqtan bastalady.
«Adzumakagami» degen shejirelik enbekte 1230 jyldyng mausym aiynda Musashino elinde (qazirgi Tokio, Saytama, Kanagava jeri) aptap ystyqta qalyng qar jauyp, tabighat teris minez kórsetkendigi jayynda mәlimet saqtalghan. Qardyng arty nóserge úlasyp, el qysqa deyin jauynnan kóz ashpa­ghan. Qar jaughanda, kerisinshe kýn jylynyp, sonyng saldarynan el búl jyly astyqsyz qalghan.Tauqymet sanyn tayfun kóbeytip, 1231 jylgha ayaq basqanda halyq ashtan qyryla bastaghan. Búl kezende osy aimaqtaghy elding ýshten biri kóz júmghan deydi. 1259 jylghy «Hyakurenshyou» degen kitapta «Búl 1180 jylghy Youvanyng ashtyghynan keyingi zúlmat edi» dep jazylghan.
Fudzivaranosadaie әuliyening kýndeli­ginde búl asharshylyq turaly tolyq jazylghan. 1231 jyldyng qyrkýiek aiynda Hokurikudou (Honshu, Japon tenizi aimaghy) men Shikokude (Tokushima, Kanagava, Ehiyme prefekturalary) quan­shy­lyq bolyp, júrt ashtan súlap, ólikting iyisi biylikti ústap túrghan Fudzivara sarayyna deyin mýnkiydi. Ise aimaghynda kóz júmghandar óte kóp bolypty. «Áli jet­kenderi Kioto men Kamakuragha (Kanagava prefektura­syn­daghy qala) baryp, josylghan halyqtyng qalghan bóligi ary qaray jýruge dәrmeni bolmay, sol jerde isip-keuip jatty» deydi. Ókimetting de qoymada qalghan kýrishti taratudan basqa­gha shamasy kelmegen kez eken. Suruokanyng Hachiman ghibadathana­syn­da el men jerding amandyghyn tilep, asharshylyqtan qútqa­rugha niyet etken rәsimder jasalady. Ash­tyq adamgha ne istetpeydi? Azyn-aulaq baylargha qatyn-balasyn qúldyqqa satyp jibergender de bolypty. Bakufu ókimeti búl mәsele ushyghyp bara jatqan son, 1239 jyly payda tabu maqsatymen adamdy jalgha beru men jalgha aludy toqtatugha baghyttalghan qatang sharalar qabyl­daydy.
«Chyourokukanshyounokikiyn» degen atpen tarihta qalghan alapat ashtyq 1459-1461 jyldar aralyghynda býkil Japoniyagha auyz salghan. Elding batys bó­ligin quan­shylyq jaylap, eginge qúrt tý­sip, el ishine júqpaly dert taraydy. Al 1459 jyly tamyzda Kiotogha tayfun tó­nip, Kamogava ózeni tasyp, auyldardy aghyzyp әketedi. Nәr tappay qinalghan halyq qalanyng ortasyna jinalady. Djishu ghibadathana­synyng Ganamy degen dinbasy Kioto hal­qyna ava daqylynan botqa jasap ýlesti­redi. Kiotonyng 82000 túrghyny ashtan ketken desedi.
Japon tarihyndaghy 1603-1868 jyldar aralyghyndaghy Edo dәuirinde tórt ýlken ashtyq bolghan. Jiyi-jii quanshylyq bolyp, janartaular atqylap, sel jýrip, eldi azyghynan aiyrghan. 1642-1643 jyldary bolghan nәubetti Kaneyding ashtyghy deydi. Quanshylyq kesirinen Edo óki­me­tining auylsharuashylyq josparlary jýzege aspay, jút keledi. Mal ónimderimen qamta­masyz etip otyrghan Kusu ónirinde iri qara mal qyrylyp qalady. 1640 jyly mausymda Hokkaydonyng Komagatake janartauy atqylap, Sugaru aimaghynyng egistigin kýl basyp qalady. 1641 jyly Chugoku men Shikoku aimaqtarynyng egistigi quanshylyqtan qurap qalady. Kýzde Hokuriku ónirinde sel jýrip, jay týsip, qalghan egindi qúrt jep, túrghyndar astyqsyz qalady. Shyghysta Tynyq mú­hiyt­tan góri Japon tenizi jaghalauyndaghy halyq zardapty kóp shegedi. 1642 jyldyng mamyr aiynda Jetisuda Mantaydyng 30000 jylqysy qyrylghanda, Tokugava Yeyasu shyogun ashtyqpen kýres baghdarla­masyn bekitedi. Búl baghdarlama keyin Edo ókimetining asharshylyqtyng aldyn alu josparlaryna negiz bolghan. 1643 jyly ashtan ólgenderding sany kóbeyip, Bakuhan әr daykangha (aymaqtyq Jer bas­qarmasy) ólikterdi jinap, tegin anyq­taudy tapsyrady. Ókimet tiri qalghandargha qoymada saqtalghan bar kýrishti ýlestiredi. Nauryz aiynda «Egistikti satugha tiym salu turaly» zang shygharylady. Osynday sharalar keyin Japoniyadaghy Bakuhan reformalaryna úlasqan.
Kyouhou kezenining ashtyghy 1732 jyly bastalghan. Jaz salqyn bolyp, egistikke ziyankes jәndikter qaptap, Chugoku, Shikoku ónirleri men batystaghy Kusu to­lyghymen azyq tapshylyghyn kóredi. Setonaykay - Ishki japon tenizining ja­gha­lauyndaghy auyldar quanshylyqqa úshyraydy. 1731 jyldan týnergen aspan bir jyl boyy qabaghyn ashpapty. Eki ay tolassyz nóser tógip, egindi shegirtke basyp qalady. Búryn 46 handyqtyng egisti­ginen 2360000 koku (1 koku - 180 litr) kýrish jinalsa , búl jyly 630000 koku dengeyine týsedi. Bir uys dәnge zar bop, 12000 jan mert bolghan desedi. HIH ghasyrda hatqa týsken «Tokugavadjikki» tarihy kitabynda Japoniya 969,900 adamynan aiyrylghan deydi. Búdan basqa 2500000 kisi ashtyqtyng zardabyn tartqan.
1770 jyldary da Touhoku aimaghynda eginshilikpen ainalysyp kelgen auyldar ashtan búratylyp jatqan. 1783 jyly Ivakisan men Asama janartaulary at­qylap, tónirekti kýl kómkeredi. Búl da alapat ashtyqqa әkeledi. Ghalym Sugita­gepakuding (1733-1817) enbekterinde Touhokude 20000 adam jan tәsilim etkendigi turaly jazylghan. Keybir derekterde han­dyqtyng teng jartysy qyrylghan desedi. Ashtyq pen júqpaly dertke 1780-1786 jyldar aralyghynda 92000 adam úshy­ra­ghan. Auyl halqy qalagha aghylyp, búl zúl­mat astanany da sharpyghan.
Shyouvatouhokuding ýlken ashtyghy 1930 jyldan 1934 jylgha deyin sozylyp, Hon­shu­ding soltýstik-shyghysyndaghy Touhoku aimaghyn týgel sharpyghan. Tarihta búl kezendi «Shyouvatouhokuding quanshylyghy» dep te ataydy. Edo dәuirinde Temmey (1782-1788) men Tempou (1833-1839) kezenderinde de ashtyq bolghan. Meydzy kezenindegi 1872, 1902, 1905, 1910 jyldary da el ashtyq qamytyn kiygen. Tayshyou kezeninde eki ret (1913, 1921) jappay quanshylyqtan halyq azyq tapshylyghyn kórgen. 1931-1933 jyldar aralyghyndaghy kezeng de zúlmat jyldar sanatynda. Nәubetting sony 1935 jylgha deyin sozylyp, tarihtaghy eng songhy asharshylyq sanalady. Talay tauqymet, nәubetti bastan ótkergen japon halqynyng qiyn kezender haqynda aitylatyn anyz­dary az emes. Touhokudyng soltýs­tigindegi Aomori, Chugoku aima­ghyndaghy Hiroshima, Tou­hokudyng ontýstik ba­tysyndaghy Yamagata prefektu­rala­rynyng anyz­darynda ashtyq kezenderi bylay surettelgen:
«Temmeyding II-shi jyly (1782) nauryz tua jaughan janbyr shildening ortasyna deyin basylmady. Egindi sel shayyp, el auyzgha salar týiir dәn tappady. Kýzge deyin tolassyz nóser tókse, qysta kýn jylynyp, aghashtar gýldep, bambuk óskin­deri qyltiyp shyqty. Kóktem kelgende kýn suytyp, el qystyq kiyim­derin kiydi. Bir jyl ótkende, tamyz aiynda jer silkinip, Asama janartauy atqylap, jaughan kýli aimaqty basyp qaldy. Ashtyq­­pen qosa, lavadan mert bolghandar­dyng sanynda shek bolmady. Janartau atqylaghannan keyin Tone ózenining suy paydalanugha jaramay qaldy. Búl jylghy joyqyn lava úzaq jauyndy shaqy­ryp, otyrghyzghan kókónister shirip, egin pispey qaldy. Aghashtaghy jemister de pispegen kýii týsip qaldy. Qara janbyr jauyp, dәu búr­shaq­tar eldi nәpaqasynan aiyrdy. Ashtyq býkil eldi jaylady. Júrt qora­synda qalghan sabandy úntaqtap, paporo­tnikting tamyryn qazyp, botqa jasady. Tauda tamyryn qa­zatyn ósimdik qalmaghan son, el siyryn, atyn soyyp, eng aqyrynda tauyq pen iytin soyyp jeuge mәjbýr boldy. Maqúlyq atauly tau­sylghanda el qaghazdy sugha qaynatyp jedi. Ashtyq ghiba­dat­hanalardaghy qasiyetti dúgha kitaptardyng da týbine jetti. Bir auyldyng rubasy topyraq jeu jóninde úsynys aitypty. Topyraq qansha azyq bolsyn, aqyrynda adamnyng adamdy jeytin kýnine de kelipti» deydi. 
Qar borap túrghan kezde bir әiel kór­shisine kelip:
- Sizding ýide qariya dýniyeden ozdy dep estidim. Bir qoly men bir ayaghyn bizge beriniz. Mening enemning demi eki-ýsh kýnde bitedi. Sonda biz de sizben bólisermiz, - dedi. Ólikting etin qaryzgha alghandar da bolghan eken.
Al Hachinohe jerinde mynanday oqigha bolypty. Bir baydyng ýiindegi alty kisining tórteui ashtan ólip, әkesi men on jasar balasy qalady. Ákesi ýiinde qalghan zatyn Hachinohe qalasyna aparyp, azyq bolar birdenege aiyrbastamaq bolady. Ýide qalghan bala ashtyqqa shyday almay kilt­ting bauyn shaynap әkesin kýtumen bolady. Sodan barmaghyn sora bastaydy. Soryp otyryp, óz sausaghyn qalay shaynap tastagha­nyn bilmey qalady. Ákesi kelgende ýsti-basyn qangha boyap, sausaq soryp bala otyr. Ákesi tapqan azyghyn balasyna beredi de, úiyqtap qalghanda shalghymen basyn shauyp tastap, sodan song óz basyn ózi shauyp ólipti.
Búl kisining kýieudegi qyzy әkesi men inisining halin bilmek bolyp kelgende ekeuining jansyz denesin kóredi. Balasyn kóterip artynan kýieui jetkende, әiel óz әkesi men tughan inisining sýiegin mýjip otyr deydi. Osydan song búl әiel kýrt ózgerip ketedi. Ayaq-qoly isip, kózi shadyrayyp, elirip ketedi. Shashyn jayyp, tau-dalany kezip ólik andugha kóshedi. Jol jiyegindegi ólikter tausylghan son, әiel mýrdelerdi qaza bastapty. Búl әieldi auyzdyqtaugha eshkimning shamasy kel­mepti. Ol tiri bala-shaghany andityn qúz­ghyngha ainalady. El әielden qorqyp ketpen-shalghysyn qolynan tastamapty. Birde ol tauda bir erkekke shabuyl jasaydy. Kisi jegish әieldi anshy myltyghymen atyp tastaugha mәjbýr bolghan eken.
Ashtyq jyldarynda Masuno auy­lyndaghy jardyng týbi sәbiylerdi tas­taytyn oryngha ainalypty. Sәbiyler anasynyng emshegin izdep topyraqty tyrmalap, әbden әli qúryghanda sausaghyn soryp jatyp jan tәsilim etipti. Qúz­ghyn­dardyng sýiikti orny bolghan búl jerge týn ishinde bireuler kempirdi әkep tastaydy. Ólgisi kelmegen kempirding qoly topyraq arasyndaghy júmsaq zatqa tiydi. Nәreste­ning ayaghy eken. Kempir ayaqty mýjip bol­ghanda bir top qargha shýilikti. Kimono­synyng parsha-parshasy shyqqan kempir qargha-qúzghyngha tiridey jem boldy. Sodan beri jar týbindegi ózendi Kudzuregava (Kýiregen ózen) dep ataytyn boldy. Talay zaman ótse de әr týn sayyn sәbiyler­ding jylaghan dausy men kempirding zaryn jel jetkizip túrady desedi.

Boushukiry asuy

Búl da ashtyq jyly bolghan oqigha. Quanshylyqtan býkil ósimdik qurap qa­lyp­ty. Jol jiyegi ólikke tolypty. Hiy­roshimanyng Toudjou qalasynyng Avatasynda «Oookutera» degen ghibadathana bar. Bir kýni «Oookuteradaghy» oshyousan (dinbasy) Takemoriydegi jerleu rәsimine barady. Ýy iyesi - bay jerleu rәsimi bitkende oshyousangha Toudjou sakesi men dәmdi as úsynady. «Sake ishpeymin, soba (kespe) ghana jeymin» degen oshyousan tamaqqa bas salady. Ash bayghús sobany kekirigi azghansha jepti. Ábden toyghan song ýiine qaytypty. Kýn batar shaq. Takemoriyden Avatagha ótetin asugha oshyousan yrsyldap әreng kóterildi. Asu ýstinde eki samuray kezdesti. Ash samuraydyng kózi dinbasynyng tenkiygen qarnyna týsti.
- Oshyousan, jerleuden kele jatyrsyng ba?
- IYә, - dedi oshyousan yrs-yrs etip.
- Ne berdi?
- Sobagha toyghyzdy.
Júrt ashtan qyrylyp jatqanda, oshyousannyng sobagha toyghany samuray­dyng yzasyn keltirdi.
- Artynan shay ishken shygharsyn?
- Shaygha da, sakege de qaramadym. Sobany sogha berdim.
Oshyousan samuraydyng birimen osylaysha sóilesip túrghanda, ekinshisi artynan qylyshyn súqty. Ókirip, shalqalay qúlap bar jatqan oshyousannyng qarnyn samuray jaryp jiberdi. Shaynamay jútqan úzyn soba aqtarylyp týsti. Sodan beri Toudjou qalasynyng Avata men Takemory arasyndaghy asu - «Boushukiry asuy» (boushu- dinbasy, kiri- ja­rylghan) dep atalatyn bolypty.

Kókekting auzy nege qyzyl?

Bayaghyda bir auylda kedey aghayyndy bolypty. Ýlkenining kózi kórmegen song inisi aghasyn asyrapty. Bir jyly quan­shylyq bolyp, el ashyghypty. Azyq tausylyp, aqyrynda ósimdikting tamyryna deyin qazyp jeytin kezge kelipti. Kisiler quraghan aghashtay qurap, tau kezip ketipti. Inisi kýnde tauda azyq izdegenmen, papo­rot­­nikting tamyrynan basqa eshtene tappapty. Aghasy inisi әkelgen azyqty «dәm­siz» dep kergipti. «Tauda ne istep jýrsin? Maghan dәmsizin jegizip, tәttisine ózing toyyp jýrgen shygharsyn».
Inisi әbden jýdep, qu sýiegi qalady. Taugha baryp, azyq izdeuge de shamasy kelmey qalady. Sonda da «Jalghyz aghamdy ash qaldyrmayyn» dep, ózi jemey baryn berumen bolypty.
Birde tanerteng inisi ashtyqtan ornynan túra almaydy. «Tamaq ber» deydi agha­sy oghan. Inisining til qatugha shamasy kel­­meydi. «Tamaqqa toyyp alyp úiyqtap jat­qanyn qarashy» dep, aram oilaghan aghasy inisining ishin ústaydy. Ashtyqtan ishi keuip ketipti. «Mening soqyrlyghymdy paydalanyp, sylqiya toyyp alghanyn qarashy» dedi de, inisining ishine pyshaq tyqty. Qolyna tiygeni topyraq pen qatty ósimdik sabaghy edi. Inisi bar tap­qanyn aghasyna berip, ózi topyraqty iylep jep jýripti. Aghasynyng shyndyqqa kózi endi jetti. Biraq kesh edi. Kózinen qandy jas sorghalap, qan qúsqan ol kókekke ainalyp ketti. Kýni-týni «inimning týbine jettim, týbine jettim» dep, qan qaqyryp jylaytyndyqtan býginge deyin kókekting auzy qyp-qyzyl eken deydi.

Japon tilinen audarghan 
Sharafat Jylqybaeva.

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