QR Óndiris jәne qúrylys ministri Qanat Sharlapaev ArcelorMittal kompaniyasymen kelisimning ayaqtalghanyn mәlimdedi: búdan bylay kompaniyanyng barlyq qazaqstandyq aktivteri últtyq investordyng basqaryluyna beriledi. Investor retinde Allur kompaniyasy tobynyng iyesi Andrey Lavrentiev aty ataldy. Búrynghy qojayyn ýndilik magnat Lakshmy Mittal osyghan deyin eshqashan naryqtan qayghyly sebeptersiz ketip kórmegen eken. Endeshe ol Qazaqstanda óz artynda qanday múra qaldyrdy?

Lakshmy Mittaldyng menshigindegi eng basty óndiris – búrynghy Qaraghandy metallurgiyalyq kombinaty –  manayyna birneshe qalany toptastyrghan óndiris oshaghy bolyp sanalady. Ol ondaghan myng júmysshylardy júmysqa tartyp, olardyng jalaqysyn berip otyrghan edi. Biraq, eng ókinishtisi, «ArselorMittalTemirtau» kompaniyasy ózi iyelik etken uaqytta óndiristing damuyna aitarlyqtay shyghyn shygharmaghany bylay túrsyn, ol ózine Qarmetten qalghan әleumettik nysandardan tezirek qútyludy jobaly týrde jýzege asyryp otyrdy.

AMT‑nyng shet elden kelgen basshylary da jergilikti júmysshylaryna shekeden qarady – kompaniyagha júmysshylar júmys isteuge qauqarly jәne tabys әkele alatyn bolsa ghana kerek boldy. Naqty aitsaq,  2022 jyldyng qazan aiynda júmys isteu qabileti azayghan shahterlar ózderine tólenip otyrghan mýgedektik tólemning әdiletsiz ekendigine narazylyq tanytty. Búl shahterlar shahtalarda júmys qabiletinen aiyrylghan, biraq, sol kezdegi júmys berushiden  mýgedektik ýshin tólenetin ótemaqy mólsheri qayta qaraluyna qol jetkize almaghan. Sol kezden‑aq sarapshylar AMT kompaniyasynyng ýsh mynnan astam búrynghy júmysshylary auyr kedeyshilik jaghdayynda qalyp otyrghany turaly dabyl qagha bastaghan bolatyn.

Biylghy tamyz tayynda premier‑ministr Álihan Smailov Temirtau qalasy auasynyng lastanuy turaly mәsele kóterdi. Ol: «Qaladaghy aua lastanuynyn  88%‑y AMT enshisine tiyesili» dep mәlimdedi. Sonyng әserinen qalada onkologiyalyq jәne tynys joldary aurularynyng sany kýrt kóbeygen.

«Jogharyda aitylghanday, kәsiporyn óndiristi janghyrtu jәne jana tehnologiyalyr engizu  baghytynda  eshqanday is‑shara jasamaghan. Osy basshylyq kelgeli otyz jyl uaqyt ótse, sol otyz jyl boyy  biz kombinattyng tek kýirep bara jatqanyn ghana kórdik. Jekeshelengen uaqyttan beri kobinattyng oghan deyingi óndiristik kórsetkishteri jartygha deyin qysqarghan. Óndiriletin ónim kórsetkishi eki esegi tómendep, 6 mln tonnadan ótken jyly 3 mln tonnagha deyin qúldyrady. Al, kómir óndirisi tórt ese azayghan», ‑ dep  premier‑minstr Á.Smailov atap ótti.

Endi ATM‑nyng «jetistigi» ne deseniz, onda jyl sayyngha oryn alatyn apattar men tótenshe qayghyly oqighalardy aitugha bolady. Nәtiyjesinde ýndilik investordyng Qazaqstanda bolghan uaqytynda 200‑den astam shahterlar ajal qúshty. Mәselen, 2016-2022 jyldary AMT kәsiporyndarynda 18 apatty jaghday oryn alyp, 19 shahta qyzmetkeri opat boldy, 45 adam auyr jaraqattar alghan eken. 2021-2022 jyldary bolat qúy kәsiporyndarynda bolghan apattar saldarynan 12 adam ajalyn tapty, 21 adam qatty zardap shekti. Osynyng bәrining basty sebepteri dep sarapshylar  tehnologiyalyq prosesterding úiymdastyryluynyng qanaghatsyz jaghdayda bolghandyghyn, qauipsizdik talaptarynyng qaskóilikpen eskerilmeuin jәne óndiristik baqylaudy tiyimsiz bolghandyghyn, sonymen qatar, qúral‑jabdyqtardyng әbden tozyp ketkendigin atap ótken edi.

Biylghy jeti aidyng ózinde ghana AMT‑nyng kómir óndirushi kәsiporyndarynda 957 óndiristik qauipsizdik talaptarynyng búzylghany anyqtaldy. Audandyqaralyq mamandanghan ekonomiakalyq sotqa 55 qauipti óndiris oryndary men qauipti tehnikalyq qondyrghylardyn  júmysyn toqtatu  tural jeti shaghymdanu aryzy tapsyrylghan. Sot sheshimimen 25 nyshannyng júmysy toqtatylghan.

Memleket búghan tikeley aralasyp, kómek qolyn sozugha úmtyldy. Songhy jyldary «ArselorMittalTemirtau» kompaniyasymen óndiristi modernizasiyalau jәne óndiristik qauipsizdik boyynsha is‑sharalar turaly kóptegen strategiyalyq manyzdy qújattar qabyldandy. Alayda kәsiporyn ózining moynyna alghan mindetterdi oryndaghan emes. Jyl sayynghy týsetin tabys qazirgi jaghdayyn qoldaugha ghana jýmsaldy. Mysaly, birqatar kokstendiru batareyalary men hmiyalyq prosesterdi zalansyzdandyru sehtary qazir apatty jaghdayda túr. Pesh qondyrghylarynyng qory tausylugha jaqyn. Soghan qaramastan jana peshterdi ornatu turaly bir de bir kontraktiler jasalynbaghan.  Múnyng bәri óndiristing qysqaruyna alyp keletin bolady.

Osy mәselelerdi eskere kele, Qazaqstan ýkimetining ArcelorMittal kompaniyasynyng elimizde qaluynyng qanshalyqty tiyimdi ekenine senimsizdik  tanytuy zandy ekeni kýmәnsiz. 2022jyldyng basynda AMT aktivterin memleket menshigine qaytaru turaly kelissózder bastaldy. Ókinishke oray, ýkimetting ol әreketteri turaly mәlimetter kәsiporynda bolghan kezekti apattan keyin ghana jariya etildi: 2023 jyldyng 28 qazanynda Kostenko atyndaghy shahtada jarylystan keyin bolghan órtten 46 shahter qaza tapty.

Osynday qayghyly oqighalar sabaq bolghan son, Qazaqstan ýkimeti mýmkin bolarlyq jalghyz ghana sheshimge keldi, ol – qalaqúraushy búl kәsiporyndardyng investory qazaqstandyq kәsipker boluy tiyis degen sheshim boldy. Ony tandau kriyteriyleri belgili edi: jana investor metallurgiya ne onymen sabaqtas óndiris salasy ókili, ózin jaqsy kórsete alghan, halyqaralyq basqaru standarttaryn jetik mengeregen jәne  jetkilikti qor jinaghan, búryn‑sondy zandy dauly mәseleden taza boluy tiyis.

Osy kriyteriyler boyynsha jýrgizilgen súryptauda Allur kompaniyalar tobynyng iyesi Andrey Lavrentiev layyqty dep tabyldy. Búl mәmile «Astana» Halyqaralyq qarjylyq ortalyghy Birjasynda jasalyp, ol HQOA jәne qarjylyq terrorizm men aqshany zansyz aqtaugha qarsy halyqaraly úiymdar tarapynan qatang baqylandy. Eger osy taraptar búl mәmileni kýmәndi sanasa, onda  mәmile bolmas edi.

Jana investordyng barlyq biznesi Qazaqstanda shoghyrlanghan jәne ol AMT mәmilesi boyynsha qanday da bolmasyn ózge әriptesterinin  maqsatyna júmys jasay almaydy.  Kәsiporynnyng qarjylyq qyzmetine preziydentting tapsyruymen qatang baqylau ornatylatyn bolady.  Onymen qosa, Andrey Lavrentiev kәsiporynnyng óndiristik әleuetin joghaltpau, sonymen birge, qazaqstandyqtar ýshin júmys ornyn saqtau, olardy  әleumettik qamsyzdandyru, әleumettik jobalardy damytu   jauapkershiligin óz moynyna alatyn boldy.

Al, Qaraghandy oblysy túrghyndaryn qoldau bonusy dep ArcelorMittal kompaniyasy tarapynan  bólingen «qoshtasu jarnasy» bolghanyn aitamyz. Ýkimettik kelissózshiler Lakshmy Mittalgha «Qazaqstan halqyna» Qoryna  16 mlrd tenge audaru qajettigin moyyndata aldy. Ol qarjy osy ónir túrghyndarynyng óte ózekti mәselelerin sheshuge jәne manyzdy әleumettik jobalardy iske asyrugha júmsalady. Sonyng ishinde, ol qarjynyng 50% Temirtau qalasyna bólinedi.

Áriyne, búl qarjy ArcelorMittal kompaniyasynyng osy ónirde bolghan ondaghan jyldardaghy qorlanyp qalghan әleumettik shyghyndaryn tolyq jappaydy. Biraq, búl ónirding metallurgiya men bolat qúi kәsiporyndarynyng qazaqstandyq jana tarihynyng damuyna serpin beredi dep sanaymyz.

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